WO2010050003A1 - 空気調和装置 - Google Patents
空気調和装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010050003A1 WO2010050003A1 PCT/JP2008/069606 JP2008069606W WO2010050003A1 WO 2010050003 A1 WO2010050003 A1 WO 2010050003A1 JP 2008069606 W JP2008069606 W JP 2008069606W WO 2010050003 A1 WO2010050003 A1 WO 2010050003A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- heat exchanger
- heat medium
- flow path
- heat
- temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/06—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/85—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using variable-flow pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/006—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass for preventing frost
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/02—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
- F24F2110/12—Temperature of the outside air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
- F24F2140/20—Heat-exchange fluid temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/006—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for two pipes connecting the outdoor side to the indoor side with multiple indoor units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0231—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with simultaneous cooling and heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0232—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with bypasses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/0272—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using bridge circuits of one-way valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0314—Temperature sensors near the indoor heat exchanger
Definitions
- This invention relates to an air conditioner such as a multi air conditioner for buildings.
- a refrigerant is circulated between an outdoor unit that is a heat source device arranged outdoors and an indoor unit that is arranged indoors, thereby conveying cold or hot air into the room. It was.
- HFC hydrofluorocarbon
- CO 2 natural refrigerant
- a chiller which is another conventional air conditioner
- cold heat or heat is generated by a heat source device arranged outdoors
- the heat exchanger such as water or antifreeze liquid is cooled or heated by a heat exchanger arranged in the outdoor unit.
- Warm heat is transmitted, and this is transferred to a fan coil unit or panel heater, which is an indoor unit, for cooling or heating (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is excellent in energy saving without circulating a refrigerant such as HFC in the indoor unit, and also intended to prevent freezing of the indoor unit-side heat medium.
- the purpose is to obtain an air conditioner.
- the air saturation apparatus includes at least one intermediate heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a refrigerant and a heat medium different from the refrigerant, a compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger, at least one expansion valve, and the intermediate heat.
- the temperature sensor is installed in the heat medium circuit, and when the detected temperature of the temperature sensor is lower than a preset temperature while the compressor is stopped or the pump is stopped, Prevention of freezing of heat medium Those having a freeze prevention operation mode for performing rolling.
- a pump of a heat medium circulation circuit corresponding to a temperature sensor that detects a temperature equal to or lower than a set temperature is operated, and the heat medium is circulated using the heat medium circulation circuit.
- the air conditioner according to the present invention does not cause HFC refrigerant to be transported to the indoor unit, so that it does not cause a problem of refrigerant leakage into the room unlike an air conditioner such as a multi air conditioner for buildings.
- the water circulation path is shorter than that of an air conditioner such as a chiller, the power for transporting a heat medium such as water can be reduced, resulting in energy saving.
- the anti-freezing operation mode for performing the anti-freezing operation of the heat medium is provided, the air conditioner is further improved in reliability.
- 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- 1 is a circuit diagram for a refrigerant and a heat medium of an air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the circuit diagram which shows the flow of the refrigerant
- the circuit diagram which shows the flow of the refrigerant
- the circuit diagram which shows the flow of the refrigerant
- the 1st circuit diagram which shows the flow of the refrigerant
- the 2nd circuit diagram which shows the flow of the refrigerant
- the 3rd circuit diagram which shows the flow of the refrigerant
- the 4th circuit diagram which shows the flow of the refrigerant
- the 5th circuit diagram which shows the flow of the refrigerant
- the 1st flowchart which shows the operation
- the 2nd flowchart which shows the operation
- the 3rd flowchart which shows the operation
- the 4th flowchart which shows the operation
- the 5th flowchart which shows the operation
- Heat source device (outdoor unit), 2 indoor unit, 3 relay unit, 3a parent relay unit, 3b (1), 3b (2) child relay unit, 4 refrigerant piping, 5 heat medium piping, 6 outdoor space, 7 indoor space , 8 Non-air-conditioned space, 9 buildings, etc.
- FIG. 1 and 2 are overall configuration diagrams of an air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the air conditioner includes a heat source device (outdoor unit) 1, an indoor unit 2 that is used for air conditioning in a room, and a relay unit 3 that is separated from the outdoor unit 1 and is installed in a non-air-conditioned space 8 or the like.
- the heat source device 1 and the relay unit 3 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 4, and a two-phase changing refrigerant or a supercritical refrigerant (primary medium) flows.
- the relay unit 3 and the indoor unit 2 are connected by a pipe 5, and a heat medium (secondary medium) such as water, brine, or antifreeze flows.
- the relay unit 3 performs heat exchange and the like between the refrigerant sent from the heat source device 1 and the heat medium sent from the indoor unit 2.
- the heat source device 1 is usually disposed in an outdoor space 6 that is an external space of a building 9 such as a building.
- the indoor unit 2 is disposed at a position where the heated or cooled air can be conveyed to an indoor space 7 such as a living room inside the building 9 of the building.
- the relay unit 3 has a separate housing from the heat source device 1 and the indoor unit 2, and is connected by a refrigerant pipe 4 and a heat medium pipe 5 of a heat medium, and is different from the outdoor space 6 and the indoor space 7. It can be installed in a place.
- the relay unit 3 is installed in a non-air-conditioned space 8 such as a ceiling, which is inside the building 9 but is different from the indoor space 7.
- the relay unit 3 can also be installed in a common part with an elevator or the like.
- the heat source device 1 and the relay unit 3 are configured so that they can be connected using two refrigerant pipes 4.
- the relay unit 3 and each indoor unit 2 are connected to each other using two heat medium pipes 5.
- the construction of the air conditioner is facilitated by connecting using two pipes.
- FIG. 2 shows a case where a plurality of relay units 3 are provided. That is, the relay unit 3 is divided into one parent relay unit 3a and two child relay units 3b (1) and (2) derived therefrom. In this way, a plurality of child relay units 3b can be connected to one parent relay unit 3a. In this configuration, there are three connection pipes between the parent relay unit 3a and the child relay unit 3b.
- the indoor unit 2 is shown as an example of a ceiling cassette type.
- the indoor unit 2 is not limited to this, and is directly or ducted in the indoor space 7 such as a ceiling embedded type or a ceiling suspended type. Any device may be used as long as it can blow out heated or cooled air.
- the heat source device 1 has been described as an example in the case where it is installed in the outdoor space 6 outside the building 9, it is not limited thereto.
- the heat source device 1 may be set in an enclosed space such as a machine room with a ventilation opening.
- the heat source device 1 is installed inside the building 9 and exhausts waste heat outside the building 9 through an exhaust duct.
- it may be installed in the building 9 using a water-cooled heat source device.
- the relay unit 3 can be placed near the heat source device 1. However, if the distance from the relay unit 3 to the indoor unit 2 is too long, the power for transporting the heat medium increases, and the energy saving effect is reduced.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram for the refrigerant and heat medium of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- this air conditioner has a heat source device 1, an indoor unit 2, and a relay unit 3.
- the heat source device 1 includes a compressor 10, a four-way valve 11, a heat source side heat exchanger 12, check valves 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, and an accumulator 17, and the indoor unit 2 includes use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d.
- the relay unit 3 includes a parent relay unit 3a and a child relay unit 3b.
- the parent relay unit 3a includes a gas-liquid separator 14 that separates the gas phase and the liquid phase of the refrigerant, and an expansion valve (for example, an electronic expansion valve). 16e.
- the slave relay unit 3b includes intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b, expansion valves (eg, electronic expansion valves) 16a to 16d, flow path switching valves 22a to 22d and 23a to 23d such as pumps 21a and 21b, and three-way valves. .
- the flow path switching valves are provided corresponding to the inlet side flow paths and the outlet side flow paths of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, and a plurality of the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d are provided as intermediate heat exchangers. These outlet-side flow paths are switched between, and the flow-path switching valves 23a to 23d switch their inlet-side flow paths.
- the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d switch their outlet side flow paths between the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b, and the flow path switching valves 23a to 23d switch between the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b. It plays the effect of switching the inlet side flow path.
- stop valves 24a to 24d are provided on the inlet side of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, and flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d are provided on the outlet side of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, respectively.
- the inlet side and the outlet side of each of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d are connected by bypasses 27a to 27d via the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d.
- the child relay unit 3b further includes the following temperature sensor and pressure sensor.
- the compressor 10, the four-way valve 11, the heat source side heat exchanger 12, the check valves 13a, 13b, 13c, and 13d, the gas-liquid separator 14, the expansion valves 16a to 16e, the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b, and the accumulator 17 Constitutes a refrigeration cycle circuit. Further, the intermediate heat exchanger 15a, the pump 21a, the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d, the stop valves 24a to 24d, the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, the flow rate adjustment valves 25a to 25d, and the flow path switching valves 23a to 23d are heated.
- a medium circulation circuit is configured.
- the intermediate heat exchanger 15b, the pump 21b, the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d, the stop valves 24a to 24d, the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d, and the flow path switching valves 23a to 23d are provided.
- a heat medium circulation circuit is configured. As shown in the figure, a plurality of use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d are provided in parallel to the intermediate heat exchanger 15a and the intermediate heat exchanger 15b, respectively, and each constitutes a heat medium circulation circuit. ing.
- the heat source device 1 is provided with a control device 100 that controls equipment constituting the heat source device 1 and causes the heat source device 1 to operate as a so-called outdoor unit.
- the relay unit 3 is provided with a control device 300 provided with means for controlling the equipment constituting the relay unit 3 and performing an operation described later.
- These control devices 100 and 300 are constituted by a microcomputer or the like, and are connected so as to communicate with each other. Next, the operation in each operation mode of the air conditioner will be described.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the flow of the refrigerant and the heat medium during the cooling only operation.
- the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and enters the heat source side heat exchanger 12 via the four-way valve 11.
- the refrigerant is condensed and liquefied there, flows out from the heat source device 1 through the check valve 13 a, and flows into the relay unit 3 through the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 14, and is introduced into the intermediate heat exchanger 15b through the expansion valves 16e and 16a.
- the refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve 16a to become a low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, and the intermediate heat exchanger 15b functions as an evaporator.
- the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant in the intermediate heat exchanger 15b, flows out of the relay unit 3 through the expansion valve 16c, and flows into the heat source device 1 again through the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 10 through the check valve 13 d and the four-way valve 11 and the accumulator 17.
- the expansion valves 16b and 16d have small openings so that the refrigerant does not flow, and the expansion valve 16c is fully opened to prevent pressure loss.
- the movement of the secondary side heat medium (water, antifreeze, etc.) will be described.
- the cold heat of the primary side refrigerant is transmitted to the secondary side heat medium, and the cooled heat medium is caused to flow in the secondary side pipe by the pump 21b.
- the heat medium exiting the pump 21b passes through the stop valves 24a to 24d through the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d, and flows into the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d and the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d.
- the air conditioning load required indoors is maintained by the control device 300 so that the detected temperature difference between the third temperature sensors 33a to 33d and the fourth temperature sensors 34a to 34d is kept at a predetermined target value. This can be covered by controlling the flow rate of the heat medium passing through the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d. This also applies to all heating operation, cooling main operation, and heating main operation.
- the flow path is closed by the stop valves 24a to 24d, and the heat medium flows to the use side heat exchanger. Do not.
- the use-side heat exchangers 26 a and 26 b have a heat load, so that a heat medium flows. However, the use-side heat exchangers 26 c and 26 d have no heat load and the corresponding stop valves 24 c and 24 d. Is closed.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing the flow of the refrigerant and the heat medium during the heating only operation.
- the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, flows out from the heat source device 1 through the check valve 13b through the four-way valve 11, and relays through the refrigerant pipe 4. It flows into unit 3.
- the refrigerant is introduced into the intermediate heat exchanger 15 a through the gas-liquid separator 14, condensed and liquefied in the intermediate heat exchanger 15 a, passed through the expansion valves 16 d and 16 b, and then passed through the relay unit 3. Spill from.
- the refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve 16 b to become a low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, and flows again into the heat source device 1 through the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the refrigerant is introduced into the heat source side heat exchanger 12 through the check valve 13c, and the heat source side heat exchanger 12 acts as an evaporator.
- the refrigerant then becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant and is sucked into the compressor 10 via the four-way valve 11 and the accumulator 17.
- the expansion valve 16e and the expansion valve 16a or 16c have a small opening so that the refrigerant does not flow.
- the movement of the secondary side heat medium (water, antifreeze, etc.) will be described.
- the heat of the primary side refrigerant is transmitted to the secondary side heat medium, and the warmed heat medium is caused to flow in the secondary side pipe by the pump 21a.
- the heat medium exiting the pump 21a passes through the stop valves 24a to 24d through the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d, and flows into the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d and the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d.
- the flow path is closed by the stop valves 24a to 24d, and the heat medium is transferred to the use side heat exchanger. Do not flow.
- the use side heat exchangers 26a and 26b have a heat load, and thus a heat medium is passed.
- the use side heat exchangers 26c and 26d have no heat load and the corresponding stop valves 24c and 24d. Is closed.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing the flow of the refrigerant and the heat medium during the cooling main operation.
- the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and is introduced into the heat source side heat exchanger 12 through the four-way valve 11. Therefore, the refrigerant in the gas state condenses into a two-phase refrigerant, flows out of the heat source side heat exchanger 12 in the two-phase state, flows out of the heat source device 1 through the check valve 13a, and passes through the refrigerant pipe 4. Flow into the relay unit 3.
- the refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 14, the gas refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant in the two-phase refrigerant are separated, and the gas refrigerant is introduced into the intermediate heat exchanger 15a, and in the intermediate heat exchanger 15a It is condensed and liquefied, and passes through the expansion valve 16d.
- the liquid refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separator 14 flows to the expansion valve 16e, condenses and liquefies in the intermediate heat exchanger 15a, merges with the liquid refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve 16d, and passes through the expansion valve 16a. And introduced into the intermediate heat exchanger 15b.
- the refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve 16a to become a low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, and the intermediate heat exchanger 15b functions as an evaporator.
- the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant in the intermediate heat exchanger 15b, flows out of the relay unit 3 through the expansion valve 16c, and flows into the heat source device 1 again through the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 10 through the check valve 13 d and the four-way valve 11 and the accumulator 17.
- the expansion valve 16b has a small opening so that the refrigerant does not flow, and the expansion valve 16c is fully opened to prevent pressure loss.
- the movement of the secondary side heat medium (water, antifreeze, etc.) will be described.
- the heat of the primary side refrigerant is transmitted to the secondary side heat medium, and the heated heat medium is caused to flow in the secondary side pipe by the pump 21a.
- the intermediate heat exchanger 15b the cold heat of the primary side refrigerant is transmitted to the secondary side heat medium, and the cooled heat medium is caused to flow in the secondary side pipe by the pump 21b.
- the heat medium exiting the pump 21a and the pump 21b passes through the stop valves 24a to 24d via the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d and flows into the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d and the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d. To do.
- the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d due to the action of the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d, only the heat medium having a flow rate necessary to cover the air conditioning load required indoors is caused to flow to the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, and the rest is the bypass 27a. It does not contribute to heat exchange through ⁇ 27d.
- the heat medium passing through the bypasses 27a to 27d merges with the heat medium passing through the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, and the warm heat medium passes through the flow path switching valves 23a to 23d.
- the cold heat medium flows into the intermediate heat exchanger 15b and returns to the pump 21b again.
- the warm heat medium and the cold heat medium are introduced into the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d having the heat load and the heat load, respectively, without being mixed by the operation of the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d and 23a to 23d.
- the air conditioning load required indoors can be covered by controlling the temperature difference between the third temperature sensors 33a to 33d and the fourth temperature sensors 34a to 34d to be kept at the target value. .
- FIG. 6 shows a state in which a thermal load is generated in the use side heat exchanger 26a and a cold load is generated in the use side heat exchanger 26b.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing the flow of the refrigerant and the heat medium during the heating main operation.
- the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, flows out of the heat source device 1 through the check valve 13b through the four-way valve 11, and relays through the refrigerant pipe 4. It flows into unit 3.
- the refrigerant passes through the gas-liquid separator 14 and is introduced into the intermediate heat exchanger 15a, where it is condensed and liquefied in the intermediate heat exchanger 15a.
- the refrigerant passing through the expansion valve 16d is divided into a flow path passing through the expansion valve 16a and a flow path passing through the expansion valve 16b.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve 16a is expanded by the expansion valve 16a to become a low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant and flows into the intermediate heat exchanger 15b, and the intermediate heat exchanger 15b functions as an evaporator.
- the refrigerant leaving the intermediate heat exchanger 15b evaporates to become a gas refrigerant and passes through the expansion valve 16c.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve 16b is expanded by the expansion valve 16b to become a low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, merged with the refrigerant that has passed through the intermediate heat exchanger 15b and the expansion valve 16c, and has a higher degree of dryness. It becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant.
- the merged refrigerant flows out from the relay unit 3 and flows into the heat source device 1 again through the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the refrigerant is introduced into the heat source side heat exchanger 12 through the check valve 13c, and the heat source side heat exchanger 12 acts as an evaporator.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is evaporated to become a gas refrigerant, and is sucked into the compressor 10 via the four-way valve 11 and the accumulator 17.
- the expansion valve 16e has a small opening so that the refrigerant does not flow.
- the movement of the secondary side heat medium (water, antifreeze, etc.) will be described.
- the heat of the primary side refrigerant is transmitted to the secondary side heat medium, and the heated heat medium is caused to flow in the secondary side pipe by the pump 21a.
- the intermediate heat exchanger 15b the cold heat of the primary side refrigerant is transmitted to the secondary side heat medium, and the cooled heat medium is caused to flow in the secondary side pipe by the pump 21b.
- the heat medium exiting the pump 21a and the pump 21b passes through the stop valves 24a to 24d via the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d and flows into the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d and the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d. To do.
- the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d due to the action of the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d, only the heat medium having a flow rate necessary to cover the air conditioning load required indoors is caused to flow to the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, and the rest is the bypass 27a. It does not contribute to heat exchange through ⁇ 27d.
- the heat medium passing through the bypasses 27a to 27d merges with the heat medium passing through the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, and the warm heat medium passes through the flow path switching valves 23a to 23d.
- the cold heat medium flows into the intermediate heat exchanger 15b and returns to the pump 21b again.
- the warm heat medium and the cold heat medium are introduced into the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d having the heat load and the heat load, respectively, without being mixed by the operation of the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d and 23a to 23d.
- the air conditioning load required indoors can be covered by controlling the temperature difference between the third temperature sensors 33a to 33d and the fourth temperature sensors 34a to 34d to be kept at the target value. .
- FIG. 7 shows a state in which a thermal load is generated in the use side heat exchanger 26a and a cold load is generated in the use side heat exchanger 26b.
- the flow path is closed by the stop valves 24a to 24d, and the heat medium is transferred to the use side heat exchanger.
- the use side heat exchangers 26a and 26b have a heat load, and therefore a heat medium is flowing.
- the use side heat exchangers 26c and 26d have no heat load and the corresponding stop valves 24c and 24d. Is closed.
- the corresponding flow path switching valves 22a to 22d and 23a to 23d are connected to the intermediate heat exchanger 15a for heating.
- the corresponding flow path switching valves 22a to 22d and 23a to 23d are connected to the cooling intermediate heat exchanger 15b.
- the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d and 23a to 23d switch the flow path by combining a switch that can switch a three-way flow path such as a three-way valve and a switch that opens and closes a two-way flow path such as an open / close valve. Anything can be used.
- the flow path switching valve is a combination of two types that can change the flow rate of the three-way flow path such as a stepping motor drive type mixing valve, and the one that can change the flow rate of the two-way flow path such as an electronic expansion valve. You may comprise by these. In that case, it is possible to prevent water hammer due to sudden opening and closing of the flow path.
- the heat load in the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d is expressed by equation (1), and the flow rate and density of the heat medium, the specific heat at constant pressure, and the temperature difference between the heat medium at the inlet and outlet of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d. Multiplied by.
- Vw is the flow rate of the heat medium
- ⁇ w is the density of the heat medium
- Cpw is the constant pressure specific heat of the heat medium
- Tw is the temperature of the heat medium
- the subscript in is the heat medium inlet of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d.
- the value and subscript out indicate values at the heat medium outlet of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d.
- the temperature difference at the inlet and outlet of the heat medium changes according to the change of the heat load in the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d. . Therefore, by setting the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d as a target and controlling the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d so as to approach a predetermined target value, the excess heat medium is bypassed 27a. To 27d and the flow rate flowing to the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d can be controlled.
- the target value of the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d is set to 5 ° C., for example.
- FIGS. 3 to 7 the case where the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d are mixing valves installed on the downstream side of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d has been described as an example, but the use side heat exchanger 26a is described. It may be a three-way valve installed upstream of ⁇ 26d.
- the temperature difference between the two approaches the inlet temperature of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d by the amount of the bypassed flow rate.
- the total flow rate is 20 L / min
- the heat medium inlet temperature of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d is 7 ° C.
- the outlet temperature is 13 ° C.
- the flow rate flowing to the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d is 10 L / min.
- the temperature after the subsequent merging is 10 ° C. from the equation (2).
- the heat medium having the combined temperature returns from the indoor units and merges and flows into the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b.
- the inlet / outlet temperature difference becomes substantially the same by heat exchange in the intermediate heat exchanger 15a or 15b. That is, for example, the inlet / outlet temperature difference of the intermediate heat exchanger 15a or 15b is 6 ° C., and initially, the inlet temperature of the intermediate heat exchanger 15a or 15b is 13 ° C. and the outlet temperature is 7 ° C. To do.
- the rotational speeds of the pumps 21a and 21b are changed according to changes in the heat load of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d so that the heat medium outlet temperature of the intermediate heat exchanger 15a or 15b approaches the target value. Can be changed. In this way, when the thermal load is reduced, the rotational speed of the pump is reduced to save energy, and when the thermal load is increased, the rotational speed of the pump is increased to cover the thermal load.
- the pump 21b operates when a cooling load or a dehumidifying load is generated in any of the usage side heat exchangers 26a to 26d. In any of the usage side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, the cooling load and the dehumidifying load are set. If not, stop. Further, the pump 21a operates when a heating load is generated in any of the usage-side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, and when there is no heating load in any of the usage-side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, Stop.
- the flow path of the secondary side heat medium from the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b to the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d is generally installed inside the building, and usually the freezing temperature of the heat medium, for example, In the case of water, it is kept at a temperature higher than 0 ° C.
- the heat medium flow path may be cooled down to reach the freezing temperature. There is also. Therefore, it is necessary to perform an antifreezing operation for preventing the heat medium from freezing.
- the heat medium freezing prevention operation (freezing prevention operation mode) will be described.
- the freeze prevention operation is performed by the action of the heat medium freeze prevention means of the control device 300.
- the control device 300 determines whether the detected temperature of any of the first temperature sensors 31a and 31b, the second temperature sensors 32a and 32b, the third temperature sensors 33a to 33d, or the fourth temperature sensors 34a to 34d is in advance. When the temperature falls below the set temperature, freeze prevention operation is performed.
- the pump 21a or 21b When any one of the above detected temperatures is equal to or lower than the set temperature, the pump 21a or 21b is operated to circulate the heat medium, and the heat medium in the heat medium pipe is stirred, so that the temperature of the entire heat medium flow path is increased. Uniformity can be achieved, and the temperature of the heat medium in the part where the temperature has decreased can be increased to prevent freezing.
- which of the detected temperature detection means is operated below the set temperature differs depending on which of the pumps 21a and 21b is operated. That is, when either the first temperature sensor 31a or the second temperature sensor 32a becomes equal to or lower than the set temperature, the pump 21a is operated. Further, when either the first temperature sensor 31b or the second temperature sensor 32b becomes a set temperature or lower, the pump 21b is operated. Further, when any of the third temperature sensors 33a to 33d or the fourth temperature sensors 34a to 34d becomes lower than the set temperature, the pump 21a or 21b connected to the corresponding use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d. Either of the above is operated to circulate the heat medium.
- the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d are the flow path switching valve 22
- the flow path switching valves 23a to 23d are the flow path switching valve 23
- the stop valves 24a to 24d are the stop valve 24
- the flow rate adjustment valves 25a to 25d are the flow rate adjustment valve 25
- the bypasses 27a to 27d are the bypass 27
- the third temperature sensors 33a to 33d are the third temperature sensor 33
- the fourth temperature sensors 34a to 34d are the fourth.
- the temperature sensor 34 will be described.
- the process is started (ST0), and when the first temperature sensor 31a or the second temperature sensor 32a detects a temperature equal to or lower than the set temperature Ts (ST1, ST2), the control device 300 operates the pump 21a (ST5). Further, when the first temperature sensor 31b or the second temperature sensor 32b detects a temperature equal to or lower than the set temperature Ts (ST3, ST4), the control device 300 operates the pump 21b (ST6). And when either of these is detected, for example, the flow path switching valve 22 corresponding to the use side heat exchanger 26a of the first indoor unit (1) is replaced with the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a, and the flow path switching valve.
- the stop valve 24 of the indoor unit (n) and the indoor unit (n + 1) is opened, and the flow rate adjustment valve 25 of the indoor unit (n) is fully opened to the use side heat exchanger 26 side (ST14).
- the detected temperatures of all the temperature sensors become higher than the set temperature Ts (ST17)
- the pumps 21a and 21b are stopped (ST18), and the process is terminated (ST19).
- ST5, ST6, and ST12 both the pump 21a and the pump 21b may be operated.
- the above-mentioned heat medium freeze prevention operation mode is a method of circulating the heat medium using the pumps 21a and 21b, stirring the heat medium in the flow path, and making the temperature uniform to prevent freezing.
- this method since the heating medium is not heated, if the heating medium flow path is continuously cooled, it eventually becomes frozen.
- any of the above temperature sensors detects a temperature below the set temperature, it corresponds to the intermediate heat exchanger 15a or 15b corresponding to the temperature sensor that detected the temperature below the set temperature.
- the compressor 10 With the pump 21a or 21b operating, the compressor 10 is operated, the four-way valve 11 is switched to the heating side, and the intermediate heat exchanger 15a or 15b corresponding to the temperature sensor that has detected a temperature equal to or lower than the set temperature is supplied to the high-temperature and high-pressure
- the refrigerant is introduced, the heating medium is heated, and the temperature is raised to prevent freezing.
- any of the third temperature sensors 33a to 33d or the fourth temperature sensors 34a to 34d becomes lower than the set temperature, either the pump 21a or 21b is operated and the corresponding intermediate heat exchanger is operated. A heat medium is circulated in 15a or 15b.
- the compressor 10 is operated, the four-way valve 11 is switched to the heating side, a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the intermediate heat exchanger 15a or 15b in which the heat medium circulates, and the heat medium is heated to raise the temperature.
- switching the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d and 23a to 23d to circulate the heated and heated heat medium to the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d corresponding to the temperature sensor that has detected a temperature lower than the set temperature. Therefore, freeze prevention operation is performed.
- the intermediate heat exchanger is divided into an intermediate heat exchanger 15a for heating and an intermediate heat exchanger 15b for cooling, and either the first temperature sensor 31b or the second temperature sensor 32b has a set temperature or lower. When detected, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant cannot be directly introduced into the cooling intermediate heat exchanger 15b.
- the refrigeration cycle circuit is operated so as to circulate a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant in the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a.
- the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d corresponding to some of the usage side heat exchangers (here 26a) among the usage side heat exchangers 26a to 26 are replaced with the intermediate heat exchanger 15a for heating, and the flow path switching valve. 23a to 23d are switched to be connected to the cooling intermediate heat exchanger 15b, and the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d corresponding to other use side heat exchangers (26b in this case) are connected to the cooling intermediate heat exchanger 15b.
- the flow path switching valves 23a to 23d are switched so as to be connected to the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a. Then, the pumps 21a and 21b are operated so that the heat medium heated by the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a is circulated to the cooling intermediate heat exchanger 15b.
- the flow path switching valve 22a is on the outlet side of the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a
- the flow path switching valve 23a is on the inlet side of the cooling intermediate heat exchanger 15b
- the flow path switching valve 22b is on the cooling intermediate heat.
- the flow path switching valve 23b is switched to the inlet side of the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a to circulate the heat medium between the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the operation in this case.
- RT0 to RT17 in FIG. 14 are the same as ST0 to ST17 in FIG. 13, and the circulation of the heat medium is the same as described above, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the compressor 10 is operated, the four-way valve 11 is switched to the heating side, and a step (RT20) for introducing a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is added to the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a.
- a step (RT20) for introducing a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is added to the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a.
- the temperature of the heat medium can be raised and freezing can be prevented.
- the pumps 21a and 21b and the compressor 10 are stopped (RT18).
- the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d and 23a to 23d use is made of a stepping motor type valve having a structure that can be set to an opening degree in the middle of full opening and full closing.
- the refrigeration cycle is operated so that the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is circulated through the heat exchanger 15a, the pumps 21a and 21b are operated, and the heat medium flow switching valves 22a to 22d corresponding to a part of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d are operated.
- the heated heat medium and the heat medium that has passed through the intermediate heat exchanger 15b for cooling are mixed, and the heat medium flow path switching valves 23a to 23d are similarly set to an opening degree that is neither fully open nor fully closed.
- the heat medium mixed at ⁇ 22d To be distributed to the intermediate heat exchanger 15a and the intermediate heat exchanger 15b. As a result, the temperature of the heat medium flowing into the intermediate heat exchanger 15b increases by the amount of heat of the heat medium heated by the intermediate heat exchanger 15a as compared with the heat medium before mixing. Freezing of the heat medium can be prevented.
- Control in this configuration is shown in the flowchart of FIG.
- the heat medium flow switching valves 22 and 23 those capable of being set to an intermediate opening between a fully open and fully closed stepping motor or the like are used.
- the process is started (GT0), and the control device 300 performs the first temperature sensor 31a or the second temperature sensor 32a corresponding to the intermediate heat exchanger 15a, or the first temperature sensor 31b corresponding to the intermediate heat exchanger 15b.
- the pump 21a and 21b are operated (GT5).
- the flow path switching valves 22 and 23 of the first indoor unit (1) are set to an intermediate opening (GT6), the stop valve 24 of the first indoor unit (1) is opened, and the flow rate adjustment valve 25 is set. Is fully opened to the bypass 27 side (GT7).
- the detected temperatures of the third temperature sensor 33 and the fourth temperature sensor 34 corresponding to each of the indoor units are sequentially searched from “1” until reaching the maximum value for the number of installed units (GT8, GT14, GT15). ). And if those temperature detection means detect below setting temperature Ts (GT9, GT10), the pump 21a and the pump 21b will be operated (GT11).
- the flow path switching valves 22 and 23 of the indoor unit (n) that detected a temperature equal to or lower than the set temperature Ts are set to an intermediate opening (GT12), the stop valve 24 of the nth indoor unit (n) is opened, and the flow rate is set.
- the regulating valve 25 is fully opened to the use side heat exchanger 26 side (GT13).
- the method of the flowchart in FIG. 15 is more effective in preventing freezing than the method of the flowchart in FIG. 13 because the heat medium warmed during the heating operation is circulated through the flow path that prevents freezing. However, when the heating operation is stopped for a while, the effect of preventing freezing is reduced.
- the compressor 10 is operated with the pump 21a or 21b corresponding to the intermediate heat exchanger 15a or 15b corresponding to the temperature sensor that detected the temperature or less being operated, and the four-way valve 11 is switched to the heating side, and the set temperature or less Freezing prevention is performed by introducing a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant into the intermediate heat exchanger 15a or 15b corresponding to the temperature sensor that detects this, and heating the heat medium to raise the temperature.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing the operation in this case.
- UT0 to UT16 in FIG. 16 are the same as GT0 to GT16 in FIG. 15, and the circulation of the heat medium is the same as described above, and the description is omitted.
- the compressor 10 is operated, the four-way valve 11 is switched to the heating side, and a step (UT19) for introducing a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant into the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a is added.
- a step (UT19) for introducing a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant into the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a is added.
- the temperature of the heat medium passing through the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b can be raised and freezing can be prevented.
- the pumps 21a and 21b and the compressor 10 are stopped (UT17).
- the heat medium flow path configuration as shown in FIG. 11 is also effective in preventing the heat medium from freezing.
- the outlet side of the pump 21b on the outlet side of the cooling intermediate heat exchanger 15b and the inlet side of the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a are bypass-connected via the bypass stop valve 28a, so that the heating intermediate heat
- the outlet side of the pump 21a on the outlet side of the exchanger 15a and the inlet side of the cooling intermediate heat exchanger 15b are bypass-connected via a bypass stop valve 28b.
- the heat medium becomes the cooling intermediate heat exchanger 15b, the pump 21b, the bypass stop valve 28a, the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a, the pump 21a, the bypass stop valve 28b, and the cooling medium.
- a flow path that flows in the order of the intermediate heat exchanger 15b is formed. Accordingly, since the warm heat medium on the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a side flows into the cooling intermediate heat exchanger 15b, the heat medium in the flow path of the cooling intermediate heat exchanger 15b is heated and freezing can be prevented. If the amount of heat is still insufficient, the compressor 10 is operated to heat the heating intermediate heat exchanger 15a.
- the control device 300 includes the first temperature sensor 31a, the second temperature sensor 32a, the first temperature sensor 31b, the second temperature sensor 32b, and the second temperature sensor 32a that are related to the intermediate heat exchanger 15a. It is determined whether the detected temperature of the temperature sensor 32b is equal to or lower than the set temperature Ts (HT1 to HT4).
- the pumps 21a and 21b are operated (HT5), the bypass stop valves 28a and 28b are opened (HT6), and the heat medium is bypassed between the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b. Circulate through. This circulation circuit is indicated by a thick tip in the heat medium circuit of FIG. Further, the indoor unit is searched from “1” in order to the maximum value for the number of installed units (HT7, HT14, HT15), and the detected temperature of the third temperature sensor 33 is detected to be equal to or lower than the set temperature Ts (HT8) or fourth. When the temperature sensor 34 detects a temperature equal to or lower than the set temperature Ts (HT9), the pump 21a and the pump 21b are operated (HT10).
- the flow path switching valves 22 and 23 of the nth indoor unit (n) that have detected a temperature equal to or lower than the set temperature are set to the intermediate opening (HT11), the stop valve 24 of the indoor unit (n) is opened, 25 is fully opened to the use side heat exchanger 26 side (HT12), the bypass stop valves 28a and 28b are closed (HT13), and the flow path is configured so that the heat medium circulates to the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d side.
- the detected temperatures of all the temperature sensors become higher than the set temperature Ts (HT16)
- the pumps 21a and 21b are stopped (HT17), and the process is terminated (HT18).
- HT5 and HT10 only one of the pumps 21a and 21b may be operated.
- the set temperature Ts described above is set to a temperature slightly higher than the freezing temperature.
- the heat medium is water, it may be set to 3 ° C. or the like that is slightly higher than the freezing temperature of 0 ° C.
- the freeze prevention operation it is necessary to secure a circulation path for the heat medium before or simultaneously with the operation of the pump 21a or 21b. Therefore, after any or all of the stop valves 24a to 24d are opened and the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d are controlled in a direction in which the flow path is secured so that a heat medium circulation circuit is formed, the pump 21a Alternatively, the heat medium is circulated by operating 21b.
- two-way flow control valves can be used as the flow control valves 25a to 25d.
- the stop valves 24a to 24d do not need to be provided, and the opening areas of the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d are controlled so that the circulation path of the heat medium is secured, and then the pumps 21a and 21b are operated. .
- temperature sensors are installed at the inlet and outlet of the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b.
- Refrigerants include single refrigerants such as R-22 and R-134a, pseudo-azeotropic mixed refrigerants such as R-410A and R-404A, non-azeotropic mixed refrigerants such as R-407C, and double bonds in the chemical formula. It may be a refrigerant such as CF 3 CF ⁇ CH 2 or the like, or a mixture thereof, or a natural refrigerant such as CO 2 or propane.
- the refrigerant circuit includes an accumulator, but a circuit without an accumulator may be used.
- the check valves 13a to 13d are provided has been described. However, these are not essential parts, and the present invention can be configured by a circuit without them, and the same operation and the same effect can be achieved.
- a blower to the heat source side heat exchanger 12 and the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d to promote condensation or evaporation by blowing air.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a panel heater using radiation can be used, and as the heat source side heat exchanger 12, water or antifreeze liquid can be used.
- a water-cooled type that moves heat can be used, and any structure that can dissipate or absorb heat can be used.
- the flow path switching valves 22a to 22d, 23a to 23d, the stop valves 24a to 24d, and the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d have been described as being connected to the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d one by one.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of each use-side heat exchanger may be connected. In that case, the flow path switching valve, the stop valve, and the flow rate adjustment valve connected to the same use side heat exchanger may be operated in the same manner.
- the present invention is not limited to this. If only heating or cooling is required, only one intermediate heat exchanger is required. In that case, since it is not necessary to pass the heat medium through another intermediate heat exchanger during the freeze prevention operation, the flow path is further simplified. One or more sets of the intermediate heat exchanger 15a for heating and the intermediate heat exchanger 15b for cooling may be provided.
- the flow rate adjustment of the two-way flow rate adjustment valve whose opening area can be continuously changed by a stepping motor or the like.
- a valve can also be used.
- the control in this case is similar to the case of the three-way flow path adjustment valve, and the flow rate of the flow into the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the two-way flow path adjustment valves 25a to 25d.
- the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d is controlled to be a predetermined target value, for example, 5 ° C.
- the rotational speeds of the pumps 21a and 21b may be controlled so that the temperature on the inlet side or the outlet side of the intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b becomes a predetermined target value.
- two-way flow path adjustment valves are used as the flow rate adjustment valves 25a to 25d, they can also be used to open and close the flow path, so that the stop valves 24a to 24d are not required, and there is an advantage that a system can be constructed at low cost.
- the flow rate adjusting valves 25a to 25d, the third temperature sensors 33a to 33d, and the fourth temperature sensors 34a to 34d are described as an example in the case where they are installed inside the relay unit 3.
- the present invention is not limited to this. Even if these are installed near the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, that is, inside or near the indoor unit 2, there is no functional problem, and similar operations are performed. To achieve the same effect.
- the two-way flow control valve is used as the flow control valve 25a to 25d
- the third temperature sensor 33a to 33d and the fourth temperature sensor 34a to 34d are installed in or near the relay unit 3.
- the flow rate adjustment valves 25a to 25d may be installed in or near the indoor unit 2.
- the air conditioner according to the present embodiment performs anti-freezing operation such as operating the pump and circulating the heat medium, thereby
- the heat medium can be prevented from freezing, and energy can be saved safely and reliably.
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Abstract
Description
実施の形態1.
図1、図2は、この発明の実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置の全体構成図である。この空気調和装置は、熱源装置(室外機)1、室内等の空調に供される室内機2、室外機1から離され、非空調空間8等に設置される中継ユニット3を備える。熱源装置1と中継ユニット3は冷媒配管4で接続され、二相変化する冷媒または超臨界状態の冷媒(一次媒体)が流れる。中継ユニット3と室内機2は配管5で接続され、水、ブラインまたは不凍液等の熱媒体(二次媒体)が流れる。中継ユニット3は、熱源装置1から送られてきた冷媒と室内機2から送られてきた熱媒体との間で熱交換等を行う。
熱源装置1は、通常、ビル等の建物9の外部空間である室外空間6に配置される。室内機2は、ビルの建物9の内部の居室等の室内空間7に、加熱または冷却された空気を搬送できる位置に配置されている。中継ユニット3は、熱源装置1および室内機2とは、別筐体になっており、冷媒配管4および熱媒体の熱媒体配管5で接続されて、室外空間6および室内空間7とは別の場所に設置できるようにされている。図1において、中継ユニット3は、建物9の内部ではあるが室内空間7とは別の空間である天井裏等の非空調空間8に設置されている。なお、中継ユニット3は、エレベータ等がある共用部等に設置することも可能である。
熱源装置1は、圧縮機10、四方弁11、熱源側熱交換器12、逆止弁13a、13b、13c、13d、およびアキュムレータ17を備え、室内機2は利用側熱交換器26a~26dを有している。中継ユニット3は、親中継ユニット3aと子中継ユニット3bとを有し、親中継ユニット3aは、冷媒の気相と液相を分離する気液分離器14と、膨張弁(例えば電子膨張弁)16eとを備えている。
また、利用側熱交換器26a~26dの入口側に、止め弁24a~24dを、利用側熱交換器26a~26dの出口側に、流量調整弁25a~25dを、それぞれ備えている。さらに、各利用側熱交換器26a~26dの入口側と出口側は、流量調整弁25a~25dを介してバイパス27a~27dで接続されている。
・中間熱交換器15a、15bの熱媒体出口温度を検出する温度センサ(第一の温度センサ)31a、31b、
・中間熱交換器15a、15bの熱媒体入口温度を検出する温度センサ(第二の温度センサ)32a、32b、
・利用側熱交換器26a~26dの熱媒体入口温度を検出する温度センサ(第三の温度センサ)33a~33d、
・利用側熱交換器26a~26dの熱媒体出口温度を検出する温度センサ(第四の温度センサ)34a~34d、
・中間熱交換器15aの冷媒出口温度を検出する温度センサ(第五の温度センサ)35、
・中間熱交換器15aの冷媒出口圧力を検出する圧力センサ36、
・中間熱交換器15bの冷媒入口温度を検出する温度センサ(第六の温度センサ)37、
・中間熱交換器15bの冷媒出口温度を検出する温度センサ(第七の温度センサ)38。
なお、これらの温度センサおよび圧力センサには、各種の温度計、温度センサ、圧力計、圧力センサが利用できる。
また、中間熱交換器15a、ポンプ21a、流路切替弁22a~22d、止め弁24a~24d、利用側熱交換器26a~26d、流量調整弁25a~25d、流路切替弁23a~23dが熱媒体循環回路を構成している。同様に、中間熱交換器15b、ポンプ21b、流路切替弁22a~22d、止め弁24a~24d、利用側熱交換器26a~26d、流量調整弁25a~25d、流路切替弁23a~23dが熱媒体循環回路を構成している。
なお、図示するように、各利用側熱交換器26a~26dは、中間熱交換器15aと中間熱交換器15bに対して、それぞれ並列に複数設けられて、それぞれに熱媒体循環回路を構成している。
図4は、全冷房運転時における冷媒および熱媒体の流れを示す回路図である。全冷房運転において、冷媒は、圧縮機10により圧縮され、高温高圧のガス冷媒になり、四方弁11を介して熱源側熱交換器12に入る。冷媒は、そこで凝縮されて液化し、逆止弁13aを通って熱源装置1から流出し、冷媒配管4を通って中継ユニット3へ流入する。中継ユニット3において、冷媒は、気液分離器14へ入り、膨張弁16eおよび16aを通って、中間熱交換器15bへ導入される。この際、膨張弁16aによって、冷媒は膨張させられて、低温低圧の二相冷媒となり、中間熱交換器15bは蒸発器として作用する。冷媒は、中間熱交換器15bにおいて低温低圧のガス冷媒となり、膨張弁16cを通って、中継ユニット3から流出し、冷媒配管4を通って再び熱源装置1へ流入する。熱源装置1において、冷媒は、逆止弁13dを通って、四方弁11、アキュムレータ17を介して、圧縮機10へ吸い込まれる。この時、膨張弁16b、16dは冷媒が流れないような小さい開度となっており、膨張弁16cは全開状態とし圧力損失が起きないようにしている。
なお、室内にて必要とされる空調負荷は、制御装置300により、第三の温度センサ33a~33dと第四の温度センサ34a~34dの検出温度差を、予め定めた目標値に保つように、利用側熱交換器26a~26dを通る熱媒体の流量を制御することにより、賄うことができる。そしてこれは、全暖房運転、冷房主体運転、暖房主体運転でも同様である。
図5は、全暖房運転時における冷媒および熱媒体の流れを示す回路図である。全暖房運転において、冷媒は、圧縮機10により圧縮され、高温高圧のガス冷媒になり、四方弁11を介して、逆止弁13b通って熱源装置1から流出し、冷媒配管4を通って中継ユニット3へ流入する。中継ユニット3において、冷媒は、気液分離器14を通って、中間熱交換器15aへ導入され、中間熱交換器15aにおいて凝縮されて液化し、膨張弁16dおよび16bを通って、中継ユニット3から流出する。この際、膨張弁16bによって、冷媒は膨張させられて、低温低圧の二相冷媒となり、冷媒配管4を通って再び熱源装置1へ流入する。熱源装置1において、冷媒は、逆止弁13cを通って、熱源側熱交換器12へ導入され、熱源側熱交換器12は蒸発器として作用する。冷媒は、そこで低温低圧のガス冷媒となり、四方弁11、アキュムレータ17を介して、圧縮機10へ吸い込まれる。この時、膨張弁16eと、膨張弁16a若しくは16cは、冷媒が流れないような小さい開度にしている。
図6は、冷房主体運転時における冷媒および熱媒体の流れを示す回路図である。冷房主体運転において、冷媒は、圧縮機10により圧縮され、高温高圧のガス冷媒になり、四方弁11を介して熱源側熱交換器12へ導入される。そこで、ガス状態の冷媒が凝縮して二相冷媒になり、二相状態にて熱源側熱交換器12から流出し、逆止弁13aを通って熱源装置1から流出し、冷媒配管4を通って中継ユニット3へ流入する。中継ユニット3において、冷媒は、気液分離器14へ入って、二相冷媒中のガス冷媒と液冷媒が分離され、ガス冷媒は、中間熱交換器15aへ導入され、中間熱交換器15aにおいて凝縮されて液化し、膨張弁16dを通る。一方、気液分離器14において分離された液冷媒は、膨張弁16eへ流され、中間熱交換器15aにて凝縮液化して膨張弁16dを通った液冷媒と合流し、膨張弁16aを通って、中間熱交換器15bへ導入される。この際、膨張弁16aによって、冷媒は膨張させられて、低温低圧の二相冷媒となり、中間熱交換器15bは蒸発器として作用する。冷媒は、中間熱交換器15bにて低温低圧のガス冷媒となり、膨張弁16cを通って、中継ユニット3を流出し、冷媒配管4を通って再び熱源装置1へ流入する。熱源装置1において、冷媒は、逆止弁13dを通って、四方弁11、アキュムレータ17を介して、圧縮機10へ吸い込まれる。この時、膨張弁16bは冷媒が流れないような小さい開度となっており、膨張弁16cは全開状態とし圧力損失が起きないようにしている。
図7は、暖房主体運転時における冷媒および熱媒体の流れを示す回路図である。暖房主体運転において、冷媒は、圧縮機10により圧縮され、高温高圧のガス冷媒になり、四方弁11を介して、逆止弁13b通って熱源装置1から流出し、冷媒配管4を通って中継ユニット3へ流入する。中継ユニット3において、冷媒は、気液分離器14を通って、中間熱交換器15aへ導入され、中間熱交換器15aにおいて凝縮されて液化する。その後、膨張弁16dを通った冷媒は、膨張弁16aを通る流路と膨張弁16bを通る流路に分けられる。膨張弁16aを通った冷媒は、膨張弁16aによって膨張させられて低温低圧の二相冷媒となり、中間熱交換器15bへ流入し、中間熱交換器15bは蒸発器として作用する。中間熱交換器15bを出た冷媒は、蒸発してガス冷媒となって、膨張弁16cを通る。一方、膨張弁16bを通った冷媒は、膨張弁16bによって膨張させられて低温低圧の二相冷媒となり、中間熱交換器15bおよび膨張弁16cを通った冷媒と合流して、より乾き度の大きい低温低圧の冷媒となる。そして、合流された冷媒は、中継ユニット3から流出し、冷媒配管4を通って再び熱源装置1へ流入する。熱源装置1において、冷媒は、逆止弁13cを通って、熱源側熱交換器12へ導入され、熱源側熱交換器12は蒸発器として作用する。そこで、低温低圧の二相冷媒が蒸発されてガス冷媒となり、四方弁11、アキュムレータ17を介して、圧縮機10へ吸い込まれる。この時、膨張弁16eは冷媒が流れないような小さい開度としている。
処理が開始され(ST0)、制御装置300は、第一の温度センサ31aまたは第二の温度センサ32aが設定温度Ts以下の温度を検出すると(ST1、ST2)、ポンプ21aを動作させる(ST5)。また、制御装置300は、第一の温度センサ31bまたは第二の温度センサ32bが設定温度Ts以下の温度を検出すると(ST3、ST4)、ポンプ21bを動作させる(ST6)。そして、これらのいずれかが検出された場合、例えば1番目の室内機(1)の利用側熱交換器26aに対応する流路切替弁22を加熱用中間熱交換器15aに、流路切替弁23を冷却用中間熱交換器15bに切り替え、例えば2番目の室内機(2)の利用側熱交換器26bに対応する流路切替弁22を冷却用中間熱交換器15bに、流路切替弁23を加熱用中間熱交換器15aに切り替える(ST7)。また、利用側熱交換器26a、26bの止め弁24を開とし、流量調整弁25をバイパス27側に全開にする(ST8)。
また、室内機を「1」から順にその設置台数分の最大値となるまで、それぞれに対応する第三の温度センサ33と第四の温度センサ34の検出温度を検索する(ST9、ST15、ST16)。第三の温度センサ33または第四の温度センサ34が設定温度Ts以下を検出すると(ST10、ST11)、ポンプ21aまたはポンプ21bを動作させ(ST12)、設定温度以下を検出したn番目の室内機(n)の流路切替弁22を加熱用中間熱交換器15aに、流路切替弁23を冷却用中間熱交換器15bに切り替え、n+1番目の室内機(n+1)の流路切替弁22を冷却用中間熱交換器15bに、流路切替弁23を加熱用中間熱交換器15aに切り替える(ST13)。また、室内機(n)および室内機(n+1)の止め弁24を開とし、室内機(n)の流量調整弁25を利用側熱交換器26側に全開にする(ST14)。
そして、上記のすべての温度センサの検出温度が設定温度Tsよりも高くなったら(ST17)、ポンプ21aおよび21bを停止させ(ST18)、処理を終了させる(ST19)。なお、ST5、ST6、ST12において、ポンプ21aとポンプ21bの両方を動作させるようにしてもよい。
処理が開始され(GT0)、制御装置300は、中間熱交換器15aに対応する第一の温度センサ31aまたは第二の温度センサ32a、または中間熱交換器15bに対応する第一の温度センサ31bまたは第二の温度センサ32bの検出温度が、設定温度Ts以下を検出すると(GT1~GT4)、ポンプ21aおよび21bを動作させる(GT5)。そして、例えば1番目の室内機(1)の流路切替弁22および23を中間開度に設定し(GT6)、1番目の室内機(1)の止め弁24を開とし、流量調整弁25をバイパス27側に全開にする(GT7)。
また、室内機を「1」から順にその設置台数分の最大値となるまで、それぞれに対応する第三の温度センサ33と第四の温度センサ34の検出温度を検索する(GT8、GT14、GT15)。そしてそれらの温度検出手段が設定温度Ts以下を検出したら(GT9、GT10)、ポンプ21aおよびポンプ21bを動作させる(GT11)。また、設定温度Ts以下を検出した室内機(n)の流路切替弁22および23を中間開度に設定し(GT12)、n番目の室内機(n)の止め弁24を開とし、流量調整弁25を利用側熱交換器26側に全開にする(GT13)。
そして、上記のすべての温度センサの検出温度が設定温度Tsよりも高くなったら(GT16)、ポンプ21aおよび21bを停止させ(GT17)、処理を終了させる(GT18)。なお、GT5、GT12においては、ポンプ21aと21bのどちらかのみを動作させるようにしてもよい。
処理が開始され(HT0)、制御装置300は、中間熱交換器15aに係る第一の温度センサ31a、第二の温度センサ32a、中間熱交換器15bに係る第一の温度センサ31b、第二の温度センサ32bの検出温度が設定温度Ts以下か否か判定する(HT1~HT4)。上記のステップで設定温度Ts以下を検出すると、ポンプ21aおよび21bを動作させ(HT5)、バイパス止め弁28a、28bを開とし(HT6)、中間熱交換器15a、15bの間で熱媒体をバイパスを介して循環させる。この循環回路は、図11の熱媒体回路中に太い先で示している。
さらに、室内機を「1」から順に設置台数分の最大値まで検索し(HT7、HT14、HT15)、第三の温度センサ33の検出温度が設定温度Ts以下を検出(HT8)または第四の温度センサ34が設定温度Ts以下を検出したら(HT9)、ポンプ21aおよびポンプ21bを動作させる(HT10)。そして、設定温度以下を検出したn番目の室内機(n)の流路切替弁22および23を中間開度に設定し(HT11)、室内機(n)の止め弁24を開、流量調整弁25を利用側熱交換器26側に全開にし(HT12)、バイパス止め弁28a、28bを閉とし(HT13)、利用側熱交換器26a~26d側に熱媒体が循環するように流路を構成する。
そして、上記のすべての温度センサの検出温度が設定温度Tsよりも高くなったら(HT16)、ポンプ21aおよび21bを停止させ(HT17)、処理を終了させる(HT18)。なお、HT5、HT10においては、ポンプ21aと21bのどちらかのみを動作させるようにしてもよい。
Claims (8)
- 二相変化する冷媒または超臨界状態の冷媒と前記冷媒と異なる水やブラインなどの熱媒体とを熱交換する少なくとも1つの中間熱交換器と、
圧縮機、熱源側熱交換器、少なくとも1つの膨張弁、および前記中間熱交換器の冷媒側流路を、前記冷媒が流通する配管を介して接続した冷凍サイクル回路と、
前記中間熱交換器の熱媒体側流路、ポンプ、および利用側熱交換器を、前記熱媒体が流通する配管を介して接続した熱媒体循環回路とを備え、
前記熱源側熱交換器と前記中間熱交換器と前記利用側熱交換器とは、それぞれ別体に形成されて互いに離れた場所に設置できるようにされており、
前記熱媒体の温度を検出する温度センサを前記熱媒体循環回路に設置し、前記圧縮機の停止中または前記ポンプの停止中に、前記温度センサの検出温度が設定温度以下になったら、前記熱媒体の凍結防止運転を行う凍結防止運転モードを備えたことを特徴とする空気調和装置。 - 前記熱媒体の凍結防止運転モードは、
前記温度センサを、前記ポンプの入口側流路または出口側流路に設置し、前記設定温度以下を検出した前記温度センサに対応する前記中間熱交換器に対応する前記ポンプを動作させ、前記熱媒体を前記熱媒体循環回路を利用して循環させることであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記利用側熱交換器の熱媒体入口側流路と熱媒体出口側流路との間に、前記利用側熱交換器に流れる前記熱媒体を調整するバイパスが接続されており、
凍結防止運転では、前記バイパスを通して前記熱媒体を循環させることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記設定温度以下を検出した前記温度センサに対応する前記中間熱交換器に、高温高圧の冷媒を流すことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の空気調和装置。
- 前記熱媒体の凍結防止運転モードは、
前記中間熱交換器として、熱媒体の加熱を行う前記中間熱交換器と熱媒体の冷却を行う前記中間熱交換器とを備え、
前記利用側熱交換器の熱媒体側流路の入口側および出口側のそれぞれに、各中間熱交換器に合わせて流路を切り替える流路切替弁を備え、一方の前記中間熱交換器に繋がる通路と他方の中間熱交換器に繋がる流路の両方からの熱媒体が、前記流路切替弁にて混合されるように前記流路切替弁を制御し、混合された熱媒体の一部を、前記設定温度以下を検出した前記温度センサに対応する前記熱媒体循環回路に循環させるものであることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記熱媒体の凍結防止運転モードは、
前記利用側熱交換器の熱媒体側流路の入口側および出口側のそれぞれに、複数の前記中間熱交換器に合わせて流路を切り替える流路切替弁を備え、前記圧縮機を動作させて複数の前記中間熱交換器の一部を熱媒体加熱用として動作させ、前記流路切替弁を切り替えて、熱媒体加熱用とした中間熱交換器から前記設定温度以下を検出した前記温度センサに対応する前記中間熱交換器に熱媒体を循環させるものであることを特徴とする請求項1、2、3または5に記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記利用側熱交換器の熱媒体入口側流路または熱媒体出口側流路に、流量調整弁を設置し、前記ポンプを動作させるよりも前または動作させるのとほぼ同時に、前記熱媒体の循環流路が確保される方向に、前記流量調整弁を制御することを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の空気調和装置。
- 前記熱媒体の凍結防止運転モードは、
前記中間熱交換器として、熱媒体の加熱を行う前記中間熱交換器と熱媒体の冷却を行う前記中間熱交換器とを備え、
熱媒体の加熱を行う前記中間熱交換器に対応する前記ポンプの出口側流路と熱媒体の冷却を行う前記中間熱交換器の入口側流路とを第一のバイパスを介して接続し、加熱を行う前記中間熱交換器の入口側流路と冷却を行う前記中間熱交換器に対応する前記ポンプの出口側流路とを第二のバイパスを介して接続し、加熱を行う前記中間熱交換器に対応する前記ポンプおよび冷却を行う前記中間熱交換器に対応する前記ポンプを動作させ、前記第一バイパスおよび前記第二のバイパスを介して熱媒体を循環させることであることを特徴とする請求項1または4に記載の空気調和装置。
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EP08877715.6A EP2341296B1 (en) | 2008-10-29 | 2008-10-29 | Air conditioner |
PCT/JP2008/069606 WO2010050003A1 (ja) | 2008-10-29 | 2008-10-29 | 空気調和装置 |
US13/055,841 US20110146339A1 (en) | 2008-10-29 | 2008-10-29 | Air-conditioning apparatus |
US14/625,209 US9797618B2 (en) | 2008-10-29 | 2015-02-18 | Air-conditioning apparatus |
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JP7209816B2 (ja) | 2019-04-18 | 2023-01-20 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空気調和装置の制御装置、室外機、中継機、熱源機及び空気調和装置 |
US11927356B2 (en) | 2019-04-18 | 2024-03-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Controller of air conditioning apparatus, outdoor unit, branch unit, heat source unit, and air conditioning apparatus |
WO2024252483A1 (ja) * | 2023-06-05 | 2024-12-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20110146339A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
US9797618B2 (en) | 2017-10-24 |
CN102105749B (zh) | 2013-06-26 |
JPWO2010050003A1 (ja) | 2012-03-29 |
EP2341296B1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
EP2341296A4 (en) | 2014-10-08 |
JP5127931B2 (ja) | 2013-01-23 |
US20150159897A1 (en) | 2015-06-11 |
EP2341296A1 (en) | 2011-07-06 |
CN102105749A (zh) | 2011-06-22 |
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