WO2009110132A1 - アクティブ・マトリクス型表示装置 - Google Patents
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- WO2009110132A1 WO2009110132A1 PCT/JP2008/069186 JP2008069186W WO2009110132A1 WO 2009110132 A1 WO2009110132 A1 WO 2009110132A1 JP 2008069186 W JP2008069186 W JP 2008069186W WO 2009110132 A1 WO2009110132 A1 WO 2009110132A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
- G09G3/3258—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the voltage across the light-emitting element
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- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
- G09G3/3283—Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data current for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements
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- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
- G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
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- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
- G09G2300/0819—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels used for counteracting undesired variations, e.g. feedback or autozeroing
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- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0243—Details of the generation of driving signals
- G09G2310/0251—Precharge or discharge of pixel before applying new pixel voltage
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- G09G2320/0233—Improving the luminance or brightness uniformity across the screen
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- G09G2320/0271—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping
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- G09G2320/029—Improving the quality of display appearance by monitoring one or more pixels in the display panel, e.g. by monitoring a fixed reference pixel
- G09G2320/0295—Improving the quality of display appearance by monitoring one or more pixels in the display panel, e.g. by monitoring a fixed reference pixel by monitoring each display pixel
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- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/04—Maintaining the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/043—Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
- G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
- G09G3/3241—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element the current through the light-emitting element being set using a data current provided by the data driver, e.g. by using a two-transistor current mirror
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an active matrix type self-luminous display device using an organic electroluminescence (EL) element or the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to an active matrix display device that can supply a light-emitting element with a current having a gradation display with appropriate luminance according to display data.
- EL organic electroluminescence
- the EL display panel is a self-emissive type display panel in which each pixel has a light-emitting element.
- the EL display panel has a faster response speed than the liquid crystal display panel, the temperature dependence of the response speed is low, the color reproduction range is wide, and the viewing angle is wide due to self-emission. And the contrast ratio can be increased.
- An organic EL display is driven by a dot matrix method in the same manner as a liquid crystal display.
- the luminance of each light emitting element is controlled by the current value flowing therethrough, that is, the organic EL element is a current control type, and is greatly different from a liquid crystal display in which each cell is a voltage control type.
- the drive of the dot matrix method basically, the display data is written in the selection period, and then the active matrix drive that is driven with the written value, and the display data is driven only in the selection period. It can be roughly divided into passive matrix driving.
- the basic circuit of an active matrix type organic EL display panel is well known.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of such an equivalent circuit of one pixel, and the pixel circuit 10 is shown within a one-dot chain line.
- the pixel circuit 10 includes an EL element 11 which is a light emitting element, a first transistor (driving transistor) 12, a second transistor (switching transistor) 13, and a storage capacitor (capacitor) 14.
- the light emitting element 11 is an organic electroluminescence (EL) element.
- the driver circuit for driving the pixel circuit 10 outputs a signal indicated by the strength of the voltage corresponding to the video signal, and is similar in configuration to the driver circuit of the liquid crystal display panel that drives the matrix. However, as described above, the driving of the organic EL display panel is different from the case of the voltage-controlled liquid crystal display in that the current-controlled organic EL element is driven.
- a voltage signal corresponding to the video signal is applied to the source signal line 15 from the driver circuit.
- the gate signal line 16 scanning line
- the transistor 13 is turned on, and the voltage signal applied to the source signal line 15 is written and held in the capacitor 14. Even when the gate signal line 16 (scanning line) is not selected, the gate potential of the transistor 12 is stably held by the capacitor 14.
- the organic EL 11 continues to emit light at a luminance corresponding to the current determined by the written gate potential until the next writing.
- the transistor 12 that supplies current to the EL element 11 shown in FIG. 7 is called a driving transistor, and a transistor that operates as a switch for selecting an element in the matrix, like the transistor 13 shown in FIG. 7, is called a switching transistor. To do.
- An active matrix type organic EL display panel is configured by using a transistor made of low-temperature polysilicon or amorphous silicon.
- these transistors are difficult to form so as to have uniform characteristics for various reasons, and non-negligible variations in characteristics often occur.
- the organic EL element does not emit light with uniform brightness even if the driving transistor is driven in the same manner, if these transistor characteristics vary, especially if the characteristics of the driving transistor vary. Variations in the characteristics of the driving transistors in the same panel cause display unevenness in the display.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of a pixel circuit for driving each pixel in the voltage programming method.
- the voltage programming method applies a voltage signal such as a video signal indicated by the magnitude or strength of a voltage to a data signal line, a source signal line, or a pixel, and the voltage signal is applied by a driving transistor of a pixel circuit.
- This refers to a method of driving an EL element by converting it into a current signal.
- the current programming method applies a current signal such as a video signal indicated by the magnitude or strength of a current to a data signal line, a source signal line, or a pixel, and a current signal or an applied current that is substantially proportional to the applied current signal.
- a current signal such as a video signal indicated by the magnitude or strength of a current to a data signal line, a source signal line, or a pixel
- a current signal or an applied current that is substantially proportional to the applied current signal.
- the transistor 13 performs a switching operation so as to be called a switching transistor. Therefore, the variation of this transistor does not relatively affect the overall characteristics.
- the transistor 12 called a driving transistor inputs a video signal indicated by the strength of voltage, converts it into a current signal, and drives the EL element. Therefore, the driving transistor 12 performs an analog operation. Therefore, if the driving transistor 12 has a characteristic variation, the converted current signal also varies. Usually, the characteristics of the transistor 12 have a variation of 50% or more.
- the voltage programming method has a high charge / discharge capability of the source signal line and the like in any of the low gradation region and the high gradation region, and display unevenness due to insufficient writing hardly occurs.
- the current programming method has a problem that the driving current in the low gradation region is small and cannot be driven well due to the parasitic capacitance of the source signal line 15.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-179037 discloses a method of using both the current program and the voltage program in combination.
- a threshold voltage of a transistor that drives each EL element hereinafter, an input voltage that does not contribute to gradation display is referred to as a threshold voltage
- the stored threshold value is used to generate a gradation execution voltage corresponding to display data, and the generated gradation execution voltage is applied to a transistor that drives each EL element.
- the threshold voltage is a shift voltage that shifts a voltage proportional to the gradation data with respect to the correlation between the gate voltage of the driving transistor and the emission luminance, and makes the relationship of the emission luminance with respect to the gradation data linear. In other words.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing the variation with time of these two characteristics, taking a transistor made of amorphous silicon as an example.
- Vth rises from Vthi to Vthn in the figure due to internal degradation as the drive time elapses, and the electron mobility falls from ⁇ i to ⁇ n in the figure. Therefore, when Vdata, which is a gradation signal, is made constant, the drive current decreases from Idi to Idn, and therefore the luminance decreases in proportion to this decrease.
- Such a change in characteristics of the driving transistor varies depending on each transistor in the matrix.
- the display surface is changed over time. This causes uneven brightness.
- the initial variation can be similarly associated with the occurrence of the initial luminance unevenness by replacing the characteristics shown in FIG. 8 with time with the characteristics of the individual transistors in the initial stage.
- ⁇ 2LIds / WCi (Vg ⁇ Vth) 2 in the case of CMOS between the above-described electron mobility ( ⁇ ) and other characteristics.
- L is the channel length
- Ids is the drain current value in the saturation region
- W is the channel width
- Ci is the capacitance per unit area of the gate insulating film
- Vg is the gate voltage
- Vth is the threshold voltage. Therefore, it will be understood that fluctuations in electron mobility will have a significant effect on transistor characteristics, particularly the ratio of node current change to gate voltage change.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a display device that can reduce the unevenness due to the initial variation and the temporal variation of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the display device in consideration of the above-described conventional problems, as compared with the conventional case. There is to do.
- An active matrix display device includes a plurality of current-controlled light-emitting elements and a plurality of pixel circuits that input a voltage including a gradation signal and supply current to the light-emitting elements in a matrix.
- a pixel circuit having an input circuit having a characteristic capable of flowing an input current proportional to a current flowing through the light emitting element, and a measurement circuit for measuring the characteristic of the pixel circuit Is provided.
- the measurement circuit generates one or more constant currents and can supply the constant current supply circuit to each input of the plurality of pixel circuits, and inputs the output voltage of the constant current supply circuit.
- An A / D converter that performs A / D conversion, and the constant current circuit supplies the one or more constant currents to the input circuit of each pixel circuit in a time-sharing manner, and executes A / D conversion in response to the supply To do.
- the measurement circuit inputs A / D converted data, performs a predetermined calculation, and relates to a threshold value and an electron mobility of a driving transistor in the pixel circuit that supplies a current to the light emitting element. Data is calculated and the calculated data is stored for each pixel circuit.
- the active matrix display device includes a gradation voltage supply circuit, which includes data representing gradation input to the display device and data related to the electron mobility from the measurement circuit. An input is executed to perform a multiplication operation, the threshold value input from the measurement circuit is added to the multiplication result to generate a display voltage to be supplied to the pixel circuit, and this is supplied to the input of the pixel circuit It is possible.
- the measurement circuit supplies the first constant current from the constant current supply circuit, stops the supply, and A / D converts the output voltage of the constant current supply circuit after the stop.
- First data is created and stored.
- a / D conversion is performed on the output voltage of the constant current supply circuit during a period in which a constant current having a second value equal to or different from the first value is supplied, and second data is created and stored.
- the measurement circuit calculates a threshold value of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit from the stored first data, and relates to the electron mobility of the driving transistor from the stored first and second data. Calculate the data to be used.
- the constant current of the second value according to the present invention is a current of a value corresponding to the maximum luminance set in advance for the driving transistor.
- the input circuit of the pixel circuit according to the present invention includes a current mirror transistor of the driving transistor.
- the voltage that provides the first data according to the present invention is such that the voltage charged in the capacitor present at the gate of the driving transistor is discharged through the current mirror transistor, and the threshold of the current mirror transistor is set. Represents.
- the threshold value of the current mirror transistor according to the present invention corresponds to the threshold value of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit.
- the input circuit of the pixel circuit includes a current mirror transistor of a transistor that drives the light emitting element, and a voltage that provides the first data is present at a gate of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit. It represents the threshold value of the current mirror transistor after the voltage charged in the capacitor is discharged through the current mirror transistor.
- the constant current of the second value is a current of a value corresponding to the maximum luminance preset for the driving transistor, the first data being Vth, the second data being Vn, When the data representing the maximum luminance of the data representing the gradation input to the display device is Vi, the data related to the electron mobility is represented by (Vn ⁇ Vth) / Vi.
- the active matrix display device includes a plurality of current-controlled light-emitting elements and a plurality of pixel circuits that input a voltage including a gradation signal and supply current to the light-emitting elements in a matrix.
- the formed display device includes the pixel circuit including an input circuit having a characteristic capable of flowing an input current proportional to a current flowing through the light emitting element, and further includes a measurement circuit, a storage circuit, and a gradation A voltage supply circuit is provided.
- the measurement circuit includes a constant current supply circuit capable of generating one or more constant currents and supplying the constant currents to the respective inputs of the plurality of pixel circuits.
- the one or more constant currents are supplied to the input circuit in a time-sharing manner, and an output voltage of the constant current supply circuit corresponding to the one or more constant currents is input to perform A / D conversion.
- the memory circuit stores, for each pixel circuit, data related to a threshold value and electron mobility of a transistor in the pixel circuit that supplies a current to the light emitting element calculated from data from the measurement circuit.
- the gradation voltage supply circuit inputs data representing gradation input to the display device and data related to the electron mobility from the measurement circuit, and performs a multiplication operation.
- the threshold value input from the measurement circuit is added to generate a display voltage to be supplied to the pixel circuit and supplied to the input of the pixel circuit.
- the active matrix display device includes a plurality of current-controlled light-emitting elements and a plurality of pixel circuits that input a voltage including a gradation signal and supply current to the light-emitting elements in a matrix.
- a pixel circuit including an input circuit having a characteristic capable of flowing an input current proportional to a current flowing through the light emitting element, and further including a measurement circuit and a gradation voltage supply.
- the measurement circuit includes a constant current supply circuit capable of generating one or more constant currents and supplying the constant currents to the respective inputs of the plurality of pixel circuits.
- the one or more constant currents are supplied to the input circuit in a time-sharing manner, and an output voltage of the constant current supply circuit corresponding to the one or more constant currents is input to perform A / D conversion.
- the gradation voltage supply circuit can input data representing gradation input to the display device, generate a display voltage to be supplied to the pixel circuit, and supply the display voltage to the input of the pixel circuit.
- the data representing the gradation input to the display device is related to the threshold value and the electron mobility of the transistor in the pixel circuit that supplies current to the light emitting element calculated from the data from the measurement circuit. The data is corrected based on the data.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, and is also a diagram for explaining an operation in a calibration stage.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the operation timing of the calibration stage in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention, and is also a diagram for explaining the operation at the stage of gradation display corresponding to the input signal of the display device.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the operation timing of the display stage in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the state of the transistor characteristics over time.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of one pixel circuit in a general active matrix display device.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of variation due to temporal variation of transistor characteristics.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a drive circuit of an active matrix display device according to the present invention, and particularly a diagram for explaining a calibration stage according to the present invention.
- the source driver circuit 20 (in the upper part of the alternate long and short dash line) includes a current source 21 that outputs a specified current, an AD converter 22, a Vth storage circuit 24, a first calculation and storage unit 25, and a second calculation and storage unit. 26, a multiplier 27, an adder 28, and a gradation voltage source 29.
- the output of the current source 21, the input of the AD converter 22 and the output of the gradation voltage source are combined on the common line 30 and connected to the source signal line 15 to each pixel circuit in the organic EL display device. ing.
- the gate driver circuit has a plurality of gate signals 16 for sequentially operating a plurality of pixel circuits 19 in the column (Column) direction. These are connected to corresponding pixel circuits 19.
- the pixel circuit 19 (within the alternate long and short dash line) includes an EL element 11 which is a light emitting element, a driving transistor 12, a switching transistor 13, current mirror transistors 17 and 18, and a storage capacitor (capacitor) 14.
- the transistors 18 and 12 are in a current mirror relationship. Therefore, if the gate voltages are the same, the ratio of Id of the transistor 18 to Id of the transistor 12 is constant depending on the size. If the sizes are the same, the currents flowing through transistors 18 and 12 are the same. In other words, when the sizes are the same, the input current flowing in the input circuit of the pixel circuit via the source signal line 15 and the current flowing in the organic EL 11 are the same.
- Each pixel circuit 19 is formed in a narrow area. Therefore, there is no discernable variation in the initial characteristics of the transistors in one pixel circuit 19, and the variation with time can be regarded as substantially the same. Therefore, if the size of the transistor is known in advance, the characteristics of the driving transistor 12 can be read from the characteristics of the transistor 18.
- display data to be input to the display device is input to the multiplier 27, which is not shown in FIG.
- the storage and reading to the Vth storage circuit 24, the second calculation and the storage 26 are executed for each pixel as described later, and can be read for each pixel.
- This address selection operation is used for driving the matrix. It is executed in conjunction.
- an actual organic EL display device includes a plurality of pixel circuits 19 in a horizontal (Row) direction and a row (Column) direction, and forms a matrix including a plurality of source signal lines and a plurality of gate signal lines. .
- a calibration operation for obtaining a correction value by reading the characteristics of a transistor using a current source
- an operation for performing gradation display using a voltage source using the obtained correction value First, the calibration operation will be described. In the following description, one pixel circuit is described. In the case of an operation in an actual display device, the following operation is executed for each pixel circuit. In the following description, for simplification of description, the transistors 18 and 12 are described as having the same size. (Calibration operation)
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration involved in this calibration operation
- FIG. 2 shows the timing.
- This calibration operation is executed for each pixel.
- the calibration operation for each pixel can be divided into three operation cycles.
- the operation of the first cycle is an operation of reading and storing the threshold voltage Vth of the transistor 18 in order to read the threshold voltage of the driving transistor 12.
- the operation of the first cycle is shown in time series as (1) precharge period ⁇ (2) Vth storage period ⁇ (3) Vth reading period.
- the Vth storage period (2) is a period for storing Vth, and is also a period for stopping input so that the gate voltage of the transistor 18 changes to the threshold voltage.
- the gate voltage of the transistor 18 that is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage is discharged through the transistors 17 and 18 during this period.
- the transistors 17 and 18 are no longer discharged, and a constant voltage is maintained. This voltage is automatically stored in the capacitor 14. This voltage is a voltage when the transistors 17 and 18 are no longer discharged, in other words, the threshold voltage of the transistor 18.
- the voltage obtained by adding the saturation voltage of the transistor 17 to this threshold voltage appears at the input of the A / D converter 22.
- the Vth reading period (3) is a period in which the A / D converter 22 converts this threshold voltage into a digital value. After a certain time has elapsed, the digital value of the A / D converted threshold value is stored in the storage circuit 24. Since the transistor 18 and the driving transistor 12 are formed in the same pixel and have the same characteristics, the characteristics of the driving transistor 12 can be captured in a simulated manner. Therefore, the threshold value Vth of the driving transistor 12 can be read in the first cycle.
- the operation of the second cycle executes an operation for examining characteristics related to electron mobility.
- the voltage Vref when the reference current is applied which appears at the input of the A / D converter 22 when a predetermined current is passed, is read and stored.
- the operation of the second cycle is shown in time series as (4) Vref writing period ⁇ (5) Vref reading period.
- the current source 21 passes a reference current Iref2, for example, a current corresponding to a current that flows to the organic EL element when the gradation is 100%.
- a reference current Iref2 for example, a current corresponding to a current that flows to the organic EL element when the gradation is 100%.
- the A / D converter 22 reads the gate voltage Vg of the transistor 18 at that time.
- This voltage includes the threshold voltage of the transistor 18 having the same or predetermined correspondence with the characteristics of the transistor 12 and the characteristics of the electron mobility for generation with a specified current. Therefore, in the second cycle, it is possible to read the gate voltage Vref through which a current corresponding to 100% gradation is passed.
- the current Iref2 is 1 / a of the current flowing through the organic EL element at the gradation of 100%.
- a thick line from the current source 21 indicates a current path from the current source, and a dotted line indicates that the A / D converter 22 detects a voltage substantially equal to the gate voltage of the transistor 18. Yes.
- the value of ⁇ Vn is a value corresponding to a voltage indicating 0% to 100% of the measured gradation level of the pixel circuit at that time.
- ⁇ Vi is an initial or reference voltage, for example, a data voltage required when gradation display is 100%, and is a predetermined voltage.
- ⁇ Vi is an initial or reference voltage, for example, a data voltage representing a 100% luminance level in gradation display.
- the voltage corresponding to ⁇ Vi is ⁇ Vn due to the initial variation and the variation with time. Therefore, the coefficient K of this variation or fluctuation is obtained, and the coefficient is corrected with this coefficient when the next gradation voltage is set.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between ⁇ Vi and ⁇ Vn.
- the detected value is substantially the same as the characteristics of the driving transistor. It is clear that these values are in a correspondence relationship even if they are not substantially equal, and the detected threshold value can be processed as corresponding to the characteristics of the driving transistor. Further, when the correspondence relationship is known in advance, the above-described reference current Iref2 is set based on the correspondence relationship, and the obtained K can be treated as indicating the value of the driving transistor. .
- FIG. 5 shows that, for example, the characteristic indicated by the lower diagonal line in the initial stage has the characteristic indicated by the upper diagonal line after N hours.
- the signal representing the gradation has the characteristic indicated by the lower diagonal line, but the signal characteristic to be actually input to the pixel circuit has a characteristic corresponding to the characteristic indicated by the upper diagonal line. Indicates that it is necessary to have. The above-described operation is executed for each pixel circuit.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining how to input the gradation data Vdata 31 and drive the pixel circuit with the corrected signal. In this operation, each pixel circuit is driven only from the gradation voltage power source.
- FIG. 4 shows the timing for driving one pixel in the operation. In FIG. 3, the flow of signals and the like in this case is indicated by bold lines.
- the gradation data Vdata is multiplied by a coefficient K by a multiplier 27 and Vth is added by an adder 28.
- This process is processed digitally as shown in equation (2).
- the resulting digital value is converted into an analog value by a gradation voltage source 29 (specifically, a DA converter) and is provided to the pixel circuit 19. Thereby, the display value is updated by writing and storing the analog value in the capacitor 14.
- Vg K ⁇ Vdata + Vth (2)
- Vdata is data for setting the light emission luminance (gradation) of the EL display device. At a gradation of 100%, the value is the same as ⁇ Vi described above. If there are initial variations and temporal variations in Vth and electron mobility, the gradation voltage Vdata is multiplied by a correction coefficient K other than 1, and the digital data is corrected to reflect the changed Vth.
- K correction coefficient
- the luminance unevenness due to the characteristic variation which has been 50% or more in the past is basically eliminated, and is substantially negligible with a calculation error or less.
- the coefficient K related to the electron mobility is obtained, the input gradation data is corrected with these data, and each pixel circuit is driven with the corrected data.
- the basic process has been described based on the exemplary embodiment.
- the gist of the present invention can be implemented in forms other than the illustrated embodiment.
- a part related to the present invention is executed by, for example, a computer that outputs display data to the display device, and the result is stored in the storage device in the display device.
- it can be configured such that the calculation unit 25 and the calculation part of the calculation unit 26 are executed by an external device and the result is written in the storage unit of the calculation unit 26.
- the calculation executed by the external device can be executed by a computer using a software program.
- the control itself in the calibration operation described above that is, the control unit that drives the source driver and gate driver, the A / D converter, and the current source can be controlled by the computer described above.
- the calibration operation itself can be managed.
- the calibration operation itself can be managed by a software program. For example, the user selects an accurate calibration over time or a rough calibration that can be performed in a short time. Will also be possible.
- the process is executed. It is also possible to obtain a typical result. For example, if the obtained threshold value can be expressed as a function having an actual threshold value, the function processing can be performed to obtain a desired threshold value, which can be used as the threshold value. At the same time, this threshold value can be used in the case of obtaining K described above.
- the A / D converter 22, the current source 21, and the gradation voltage source 30 need to be arranged inside the display device. Further, in the gradation display stage, the Vth storage 24, the calculation and storage 26, the multiplier 27, and the adder are also used.
- the gist of the invention can be implemented. That is, it is possible to input the corrected gradation data to the gradation voltage source 30 outside the display device.
- control of each operation in the calibration stage can be executed by a dedicated computer arranged in the display device, executed by dedicated hardware, or a combination thereof. Is clear.
- Vth and K of the above-described transistor change very little in a short period, after the above-described calibration operation is executed once, it is not necessary to execute the calibration operation every time the display device is used. However, it is desirable to execute the calibration operation described above at regular intervals. Alternatively, the above-described calibration operation may be executed when the luminance unevenness is noticed.
- the gradation voltage is corrected in accordance with the initial variation of the threshold value of the transistor in the pixel circuit and the electron mobility and the variation with time, and the corrected voltage is applied to each pixel circuit.
- the luminance unevenness of the display device can be reduced to a negligible level.
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Abstract
Description
(校正動作)
△Vn=Vref-Vth・・・・式(1)
K=(△Vn/△Vi) ・・・・式(2)
図3は、階調データVdata31を入力し、補正された信号で画素回路を駆動することを説明する図である。この動作では、各画素回路は階調電圧電源からのみ駆動される。図4は、その動作における一画素を駆動するタイミングを示している。図3において、この場合の信号等の流れを太線で示している。階調データVdataは、乗算器27で係数Kが乗算され、さらに加算器28でVthが加算される。この処理は、式(2)に示すようにデジタル的に処理される。この結果のデジタル値は、階調電圧源29(具体的にはDA変換器)でアナログ値に変換されて画素回路19に与えられる。これにより、このアナログ値がコンデンサ14に書き込まれ、蓄えられることで、表示データが更新される。
Vg=K・Vdata+Vth・・・・式(2)
Claims (9)
- 電流制御型の複数の発光素子と、階調信号を含む電圧を入力して前記発光素子に電流を供給する複数の画素回路とがマトリックス状に形成されたアクティブ・マトリクス型表示装置であって、
前記発光素子を流れる電流に比例する入力電流を流すことが可能な特性を有する入力回路を備えた前記画素回路と、
1つ以上の定電流を発生させて複数の前記画素回路の各入力に対して供給することが可能な定電流供給回路を含み、前記定電流回路により前記各画素回路の入力回路へ前記1つ以上の定電流を時分割で供給し、前記1つ以上の定電流に対応する定電流供給回路の出力電圧を入力してA/D変換し、A/D変換されたデータを入力して所定の演算を実行し、前記発光素子に電流を供給する前記画素回路内の駆動用トランジスタの閾値および電子移動度に関連するデータを算出し、算出したデータを各画素回路毎に記憶する測定回路と、
前記表示装置に入力される階調を表すデータと前記測定回路からの前記電子移動度に関連するデータとを入力して乗算演算を実行し、当該乗算結果に、前記測定回路から入力した前記閾値を加算して前記画素回路に供給する表示用電圧を発生させ、前記画素回路の入力に供給することが可能な階調電圧供給回路と
を備えるアクティブ・マトリクス型表示装置。 - 前記測定回路は、前記定電流供給回路から第1の値の定電流を供給したのち供給を停止し、停止後の前記定電流供給回路の出力の電圧をA/D変換して第1のデータとし、前記第1の値と等しいあるいは異なる第2の値の定電流を供給している期間の前記定電流供給回路の出力の電圧をA/D変換して第2のデータとし、前記第1のデータから前記画素回路の駆動用トランジスタの閾値を算出し、前記第1と第2のデータから前記駆動用トランジスタの電子移動度に関連するデータを算出する請求項1に記載のアクティブ・マトリクス型表示装置。
- 前記第2の値の定電流は、前記駆動用トランジスタに対してあらかじめ設定された最大の輝度に対応する値の電流である請求項1に記載のアクティブ・マトリクス型表示装置。
- 前記画素回路の入力回路は、前記駆動用トランジスタのカレントミラー用トランジスタを備える請求項1に記載のアクティブ・マトリクス型表示装置。
- 前記第1のデータをもたらす電圧は、前記駆動用トランジスタのゲートに存在するキャパシタに充電された電圧が、前記カレントミラー用トランジスタを介して放電され、前記カレントミラー用トランジスタの閾値を表す請求項4に記載のアクティブ・マトリクス型表示装置。
- 前記前記カレントミラー用トランジスタの閾値は、前記画素回路の駆動用トランジスタの閾値に対応する請求項5に記載のアクティブ・マトリクス型表示装置。
- 前記画素回路の入力回路は、前記発光素子を駆動するトランジスタのカレントミラー用トランジスタを備え、
前記第1のデータをもたらす電圧は、前記画素回路の駆動用トランジスタのゲートに存在するキャパシタに充電された電圧が、前記カレントミラー用トランジスタを介して放電された後の、前記カレントミラー用トランジスタの閾値を表し、
前記第2の値の定電流は、前記駆動用トランジスタに対してあらかじめ設定された最大の輝度に対応する値の電流であり、
前記第1のデータをVth、第2のデータをVn、前記表示装置に入力される階調を表すデータの最大輝度を表すデータをViとした場合に、前記電子移動度に関連するデータは、(Vn-Vth)/Viで表される請求項1に記載のアクティブ・マトリクス型表示装置。 - 電流制御型の複数の発光素子と、階調信号を含む電圧を入力して前記発光素子に電流を供給する複数の画素回路とがマトリックス状に形成された表示装置であって、
前記発光素子を流れる電流に比例する入力電流を流すことが可能な特性を有する入力回路を備えた前記画素回路と、
1つ以上の定電流を発生させて複数の前記画素回路の各入力に対して供給することが可能な定電流供給回路を含み、前記定電流回路により前記各画素回路の入力回路へ前記1つ以上の定電流を時分割で供給し、前記1つ以上の定電流に対応する定電流供給回路の出力電圧を入力してA/D変換することが可能な測定回路と、
前記測定回路からのデータから算出された前記発光素子に電流を供給する前記画素回路内のトランジスタの閾値および電子移動度に関連するデータを各画素回路毎に記憶する記憶回路と、
前記表示装置に入力される階調を表すデータと前記測定回路からの前記電子移動度に関連するデータとを入力して乗算演算を実行し、当該乗算結果に、前記測定回路から入力した前記閾値を加算して前記画素回路に供給する表示用電圧を発生させ、前記画素回路の入力に供給することが可能な階調電圧供給回路と
を備えるアクティブ・マトリクス型表示装置。 - 電流制御型の複数の発光素子と、階調信号を含む電圧を入力して前記発光素子に電流を供給する複数の画素回路とがマトリックス状に形成された表示装置であって、
前記発光素子を流れる電流に比例する入力電流を流すことが可能な特性を有する入力回路を備えた前記画素回路と、
1つ以上の定電流を発生させて複数の前記画素回路の各入力に対して供給することが可能な定電流供給回路を含み、前記定電流回路により前記各画素回路の入力回路へ前記1つ以上の定電流を時分割で供給し、前記1つ以上の定電流に対応する定電流供給回路の出力電圧を入力してA/D変換することが可能な測定回路と、
前記表示装置に入力される階調を表すデータを入力して、前記画素回路に供給する表示用電圧を発生させ、前記画素回路の入力に供給することが可能な階調電圧供給回路と
を備え、
前記表示装置に入力される階調を表すデータは、前記測定回路からのデータから算出された前記発光素子に電流を供給する前記画素回路内のトランジスタの閾値および電子移動度に関連するデータに基づいて補正されたデータであるアクティブ・マトリクス型表示装置。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US8791882B2 (en) | 2014-07-29 |
KR20100089112A (ko) | 2010-08-11 |
US9224336B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
JPWO2009110132A1 (ja) | 2011-07-14 |
TW200943266A (en) | 2009-10-16 |
US20110032243A1 (en) | 2011-02-10 |
TWI463466B (zh) | 2014-12-01 |
US9865198B2 (en) | 2018-01-09 |
US20160148577A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
CN101939776A (zh) | 2011-01-05 |
US20140292743A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
KR101181106B1 (ko) | 2012-09-07 |
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