WO2009143933A2

WO2009143933A2 - Self-contained solar heating system separate from another energy source

Info

Publication number: WO2009143933A2
Application number: PCT/EP2009/002687
Authority: WO
Inventors: Catherine Baldo; Christian Chassin
Original assignee: Muscinesi, Auguste
Priority date: 2008-04-15
Filing date: 2009-04-10
Publication date: 2009-12-03
Also published as: WO2009143933A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar heating and sanitary hot water producing system separate from another energy source with long-term (interseasonal) storage and centralized management of the production and use, using a heat transfer fluid kept at high temperatures. The system consists of at least one long-term interseasonal heat transfer fluid storage tank (R1), a centralized management system optimizing production and use according to predetermined parameters, an automatic emptying and filling system (4), and a set of motorized valves and circulation pumps controlled by the management system. The system is linked to the heating network (2) (floor heating, radiators, fan coil units, etc.). The solar thermal collectors (1) heat the heat transfer fluid, which may be used for immediate supply to the heating network (2), stored in the tanks (R1), or used in a sanitary hot water processor (3). In the absence of solar production, the management system uses the stored fluid to meet heating demands. The invention can be used for individual or collective sanitary or industrial hot water heating.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Title of the invention: Solar heating system autonomous and independent of another energy source:

Technical area :

The invention relates to a solar heating system and domestic hot water production independent of another energy source comprising at least one solar collector, at least one long-term interstage storage tank, allowing a use of the stored heat delayed in time, a heat transfer fluid heated to high temperatures, a centralized and automated control and control system, a temperature and pressure rise management system and a balloon with at least one heat exchanger for the production of hot water.

PRIOR ART Existing systems today are characterized as a traditional heating aid and not as a solar heating unit that can be used alone. They can not be used independently of another type of heating using traditional energy. For example, in EP1450108, it has been proposed a combined solar heating and hot water production system operating both with solar energy and auxiliary heating means. It is the same for the methods proposed in the documents DE19927027 and DE4333829 for example. In a document WO0204873, it is more of a method of environmental control than a real solar heating. EP1245906 discloses a central radiator heating system composed of two subsystems that can operate alone or together. The first sub-system can be powered by solar energy, a geothermal installation or electricity produced by a biogas plant, and operates alone during the intermediate temperature period (mid-season) and the second subsystem, used in period cold, produces heat through electricity, it can be produced by a wind turbine, a biogas plant or a hydro-electric plant and the storage heaters restores it. The system therefore uses several energies, especially electrical, operating temperatures are those usually used in existing installations (less than 90 ⁰ C) and there is no heat storage for a long time for delayed use. The document FR 2870928 describes a process for heating the coldest fluid, in a central heating system using fossil energy and solar energy in addition. Operating temperatures are low as specified in the title and there is no long-term thermal storage for delayed use of accumulated solar energy. US 4070870 discloses a heating and air conditioning system using a machine called "absorption" and solar energy in addition. The temperature of the fluid heated by solar energy is increased by a conventional heat pump before being used by the so-called "absorption" machine. This is not a heating system independent of another energy. Its operating temperatures remain below 90 ^° C. and there is no long-term thermal storage allowing delayed use of the accumulated solar energy.

The current systems, called "combined systems" or "Combi" function as follows: one or more solar thermal collectors are associated with a so-called solar balloon of high capacity (750 liters and more for example) equipped with heat exchangers and a boiler operating with traditional energy supplying the central heating network. An aqueous heat transfer fluid (water + glycol in variable dilution) circulates between the solar collectors and the exchangers of the solar flask and warms the water contained in the flask which will be sent into the boiler and then into the central heating network. The boiler consumes less traditional energy when it benefits from solar energy. On the other hand, it will consume more when it will not benefit from solar energy since it will have to heat a larger mass than that of a heating circuit (250 liters on average). Therefore, it becomes obvious that there is no interest in oversizing the solar storage, profits made during solar production being quickly canceled by the costs of reheating by traditional energy when there is no solar production. Thus, no inter-season storage can be envisaged with existing systems.

Technical problems inherent to high temperatures (close to boiling temperatures) associated with the use of aqueous heat transfer fluid, encountered on solar installations limit the number of solar thermal collectors used. It is therefore necessary to provide a system for stopping solar production in order to avoid climbs at very high temperatures and pressure which would damage the installation.

In existing systems, the production and use of both energies (solar and traditional) are managed independently. Traditional energy is managed by a control system often integrated with the boiler and solar production is managed by an independent system. The solar and traditional production and the heating demand can not be validly optimized.

There are four main problems:

Existing systems are not solar heating systems independent of another energy source. There is no long-term inter-season storage system.

There is no centralized management to optimize production and use.

The constraints related to the use of aqueous heat transfer fluid limit the number and the power of the solar collectors used.

Presentation of the invention

The system described below is defined as a true solar heating that can be used without recourse to another energy source, having a long-term inter-season storage allowing a use of the stored heat delayed in time and a centralized management of the productions. and uses, using a heat transfer fluid having specific physicochemical specificities, brought to high operating temperatures, heated only by solar energy and circulating in all elements of the heating system.

It is designed to feed a central heating network with hot water (or other heat transfer fluids), to store the heat produced, keep it warm and use it in a deferred manner over a long period. It can also be coupled to a traditional heat generator (gas, oil or electric boiler, etc.) that ensures continuity of heating in case of depletion of reserves.

The principle is to build stocks of heat transfer fluid at high temperature, maintain temperature only with solar energy for use in heating period. The system is composed of high-efficiency solar thermal collectors (1) for heating a circulating coolant at high temperature, using a suitable circulation pump (P1) whose speed and flow rate are controlled as a function of the temperature at the output of the solar collectors (1), to gradually heat up the long-term heat storage tanks (R1 to Rx) whose total capacity has been determined according to the installation to be heated and the degree of autonomy desired by the 'user.

Long-term thermal storage tanks (R1 to Rx) are multiple and of the capacity of the order of 100 liters per unit, for example, to accelerate the rise and maintenance temperature of the heat transfer fluid. The long-lasting thermal storage tanks (R1 to Rx) are made of any material that retains heat and is resistant to high temperatures. Their outer part is perfectly isolated. They can be buried or installed in technical rooms, or others. The system is connected to a heating network (2) (floor heating type, radiators, fan coils or fan heaters, for example, etc.) using a hot heat transfer fluid. Circulation in the heating network is ensured by a circulation pump (P2) whose speed and flow rate are controlled by the control system as a function of an indoor ambient temperature (SAI temperature sensor) and / or external sensor (temperature sensor). SAE temperature).

The system is connected to a domestic hot water heat exchanger (3), a circulation pump (P3) distributes the heat transfer fluid to its primary.

A control system centralises all the information necessary for the optimized management of the system. This system has an emergency power supply (battery, photovoltaic panels or other device producing electricity). By means of temperature sensors (S1), II records the temperature at the output of the solar collectors (1), the temperature of the top (temperature sensor SH1 to x) and of the bottom (temperature sensor SB1 to x) of each of the long-term heat storage tanks (R1 to Rx), the flow temperature to the heating circuit (temperature sensor S2), the return temperature of the heating circuit (temperature sensor S4), the ambient temperature (collector SAI temperature), outdoor temperature (SAE temperature sensor), pressures (CP1 temperature sensor) etc. The user can enter his heating instructions (daily, weekly etc.). The control system defines, according to all data and setpoints, the optimum operation of the system: storage only, storage and supply of the heating network, supply of the heating network alone, production of domestic hot water or combination of the three uses, by controlling the motorized valves and flows of the circulation pumps. The speed of the circulation pump (P1) is controlled according to the temperature of the temperature sensor S1 and that of the circulation pump (P2) by the temperature sensors (SAE) and / or (SAI). The system continuously adapts the operation of the installation according to all the parameters and the different data.

If a traditional heat generator (5) exists, it is taken into account in this optimization. Thus, when a heating demand is recorded, the control system will determine the most appropriate response based on the resources available at that time. If the solar production is in progress and is sufficient, it will be partially or fully used after mixing and any surplus will be stored, if the solar production is not sufficient or zero (at night) and if the temperature of the thermal storage tanks long-term interseason (R1 to Rx) measured by the temperature sensors (SH 1 to SHx) is greater than the temperature of the heating start, the demand will be satisfied by drawing from the long-term heat storage tanks (R1 to Rx), and if the temperature of the long-term heat storage tanks is not sufficient, including for help in returning the heating circuit, then the traditional heating generator (5), if it exists, will provide the additional temperature. This description of the operation is not exhaustive.

Since the temperatures reached by solar energy can be very high, a set of safety devices is mandatory (properly sized expansion tanks, safety valves, automatic air vents, non-return valves, etc.) and ensure a first level of security.

It may be necessary to stop the solar production, a system of automatic draining and filling (4) of the solar collectors (1) is installed and is controlled according to the pressures (CP1 pressure sensor) and the temperature (temperature sensor S1) at the output of the solar collectors (1). In case of a large increase in pressure and / or extreme temperature, the system (4) empties the solar collectors (1) in at least one tank (RD1) provided for this purpose. Draining can be partial, without stopping the system, or complete with system shutdown. As soon as it returns to a specified pressure and / or a specified temperature, the system (4) will fill the solar collectors (1) with a pump (PR1) specially adapted for this purpose, the overall system remaining at room temperature. stop the time required for filling and purging the air. The tank (RD1) also contains a reserve of heat transfer fluid with level indicator. In case of pressure lower than a safety setpoint pressure (PCS) (lack of coolant) the solar heating system is in emergency stop. The system (4) also makes it possible to manage the risks related to the problems of continuity of supply of electricity, the solenoid valve (EVD) being supplied by the emergency power supply of the regulation. The system (4) is sized according to the installation.

A hydraulic separator (SH) device is used to avoid the problems generated by the use of several circulation pumps (failure, loss of power, parasitic currents, abnormal variations of differential flow and pressure, etc.). We can also separate the circuits through an exchanger but the yields will be less important.

The heat transfer fluid used has specific physicochemical characteristics: high boiling temperature (above 110 ° C.), low volatility, the lowest kinematic viscosity coefficient and expansion coefficient possible, to allow the use at very high temperatures for increase the degree of autonomy of long-term heat storage tanks (R1 to Rx). Brief description of the drawings:

The installation shown in Figure 1 shows an application of the solar heating system used as the sole means of heating a building.

It comprises, as the known installations, at least one solar collector (1) with high efficiency, a heating floor (2) and a domestic hot water tank equipped with at least one heat exchanger and an electric heater (3). ). In addition, it comprises at least one long-term inter-season thermal storage tank enabling the stored energy (R1) to be used in a time-delayed manner with a unitary capacity of, for example, 100 liters, of a centralized control system the entire heating system (not shown) and an automatic draining and filling system (4) of the solar collectors (1). The coolant used in the circuit between sensor (1), tank (R1), floor heating (2) and primary (3) of domestic hot water has the physicochemical characteristics described above (see above). Temperature sensors (S1, S2, S3, S4, etc.) and at least one pressure sensor (CP1) measure temperatures and pressures at different points of the installation and transmit the values to the centralized control which controls the system. via motorized valves (V1, V2, V3, V4, etc.) depending on the measured values, basic parameters and user parameters. An indoor ambient temperature sensor (SAI) and an outdoor temperature sensor (SAE) define heating demands.

In a first hypothesis, a heating demand is triggered by the temperature sensor SAI or SAE, a temperature T1 read by the temperature sensor (S1) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is greater than a temperature T2 detected by the temperature sensor (S2) of the floor heating (2) and lower than a temperature T3 read by a temperature sensor (SH1) placed at the top of the long-term thermal storage tank (R1). The circulation pump (P1) is in operation, the distribution valve (V1) opens towards the floor heating circuit. The speed of the circulation pump (P1) is determined by the regulation as a function of the temperature T1. The mixing valve (V2) is mixed, the circulation pump (P2) is in operation and its speed is determined from the temperature sensors SAI and / or SAE and the valve (V3) is open to the heating floor ( 2). Solar production is sent directly to the floor heating circuit (2).

In a second hypothesis, a heating demand is triggered by the temperature sensor SAI or SAE, a temperature T1 read by the temperature sensor (S1) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is greater than a temperature T2 detected by the temperature sensor (S2) starting from the heating floor (2) and greater than a temperature T3 read by a temperature sensor (SH1) placed at the top of the heating tank long-term inter-season thermal storage (R1). The circulation pump (P1) is in function, the distribution valve (V1) distributes the fluid to the floor heating circuit (2) and to the long-term inter-season thermal storage tank (R1) according to the values of the sensors of SAE and SAI temperature. The speed of the circulation pump (P1) is determined by the regulation as a function of the temperature T1. The mixing valve (V2) is mixed, the circulation pump (P2) is in operation and its speed is determined from the temperature sensors SAI and / or SAE and the valve (V3) is open to the heating floor ( 2). The solar generation is sent both to the floor heating circuit (2) and to the long term inter-season thermal storage tank (s) (R1 to Rx).

In a third hypothesis, a heating demand is triggered by the temperature sensor SAI or SAE, the temperature T1 read by the temperature sensor (S1) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is lower than the temperature T2 detected by the temperature sensor (S2) of the floor heating (2) and lower than the temperature T3 detected by the temperature sensor (SH1) placed at the top of the long-term heat storage tank (R1) and the temperature T3 raised by a temperature sensor (SH1) placed at the top of the long-term off-season thermal storage tank (R1) is greater than the temperature T2 measured by the heating floor temperature sensor (S2) (2). Circulation pump (P1) is stopped, dispensing valve (V1) is closed. Solar production is stopped. The valve (V9) opens to send the fluid stored in the long-term off-season thermal storage tank (R1) to the floor heating circuit (2) and the valve VR 1 opens for the return flow.

In a fourth hypothesis, there is no heating demand, the temperature T1 detected by the temperature sensor (S1) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is greater than the temperature T3 read by the temperature sensor. (SH1) placed at the top of the long-term inter-season thermal storage tank (R1). The circulation pump

(P1) is in function, the distribution valve (V1) distributes the fluid to the long-term off-season storage tank (s) (R1 to Rx). Solar production is fully stocked.

In a fifth hypothesis, there is no heating demand, the temperature T3 detected by a temperature sensor (SH1) placed at the top of the long-term off-season thermal storage tank (R1) is greater than a set temperature (130 ° c for example) and the temperature T1 measured by the temperature sensor (S1) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is higher than the temperature T4 read by the temperature sensor placed at the top of the sanitary tank (S3 ). The circulation pump (P1) is in operation, the distribution valve (V1) distributes the fluid to the domestic hot water tank (3) through the valve (V2) mixed and the valve (V3) open and the circulation pump (P3) in operation. The long-term heat storage tank (s) (R1) is in temperature and there is no heating demand, the solar production is used to heat the primary of the hot water cylinder ( 3).

In a sixth hypothesis, there is no heating demand, the temperature T3 detected by a temperature sensor (SH1) placed at the top of the long-term off-season thermal storage tank (R1) is greater than a set temperature (130 ° c for example), the temperature T 1 read by the temperature sensor (S1) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is greater than a set temperature (150 ^° C. for example), the temperature T4 recorded by the temperature sensor (S3) placed at the top of the sanitary tank is greater than a set temperature (80 ^° C., for example). The solar production is stopped, the discharge solenoid valve (EVD) opens, the fluid contained in the solar collector (1) is drained into the discharge tank (RD1). A variant allows this opening when a rise in pressure recorded by the pressure sensor (CP1) is greater than a set value (PC1).

When the value measured by the pressure sensor (CP1) is between a set pressure (PC2) and one and a half times this value, the circulator (PR1) is in operation, the solenoid valve (EVD) is closed, the fluid is returned to the solar collector (1).

In a seventh hypothesis, the solenoid valve (EVD) is supplied with electricity by regulation. If a mains power failure is recorded, and if the temperature T1 measured by the temperature sensor (S1) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is greater than a set temperature (eg 150 ^° C. ) and / or if the value measured by the pressure sensor (CP1) is greater than the set pressure (PC1), then the discharge solenoid valve (EVD) is open, the fluid contained in the solar collector (1) is drained into the discharge tank (RD1). It's a security dump.

In an eighth hypothesis, the temperature T1 measured by the temperature sensor (S1) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is lower than the temperature T2 measured by the temperature sensor (S2) of the floor heating (2) and less than the temperature T3 read by the temperature sensor (SH1) placed at the top of a long-term off-season thermal storage tank (R1). Solar production is stopped. The circulation pump (P1) is stopped and the valve (V1) is closed.

In a ninth hypothesis, there are several long-term thermal storage tanks of long duration (R1 to Rx). The regulation must determine the long-term inter-season thermal storage tank (Rx) to be completed in temperature. She compares readings from the temperature sensors at the top of each of the long-term inter-season thermal storage tanks (SH1 to SHx) and determine the minimum value. The tank with this minimum value will be the storage location until the differential between the new value measured by the temperature sensor (SHx) at the top of this long-term inter-season thermal storage tank (Rx) and the temperature T1 detected by the temperature sensor (S1) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is less than or equal to approximately 10 ^° C.

The installation shown in Figure 2 shows an application of the solar heating system combined with a traditional energy boiler.

It comprises, as the known installations and the previous installation, at least one solar collector (1) with high efficiency, a heating floor (2) and a domestic hot water cylinder equipped with at least one heat exchanger and an electrical resistance (3). In addition, it comprises at least one off-season inter-season thermal storage tank (R1) with a unit capacity of about 100 liters, for example a centralized control system that manages the entire heating system (not shown). , a system for automatic emptying and filling (4) of solar collectors (1) and a traditional energy boiler (oil, gas, electric, wood etc.) (5). The coolant used in the circuit between solar collector (1), long-term heat storage tank (R1), underfloor heating (2), primary hot water (3) and boiler (5) has the characteristics physicochemicals previously described (see above). Temperature sensors (S1, S2, S3.S4 etc.) and at least one pressure sensor (CP1) measure temperatures and pressures at different locations in the plant and transmit the values to the centralized control which controls the system. via motorized valves (V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, etc.) depending on the measured values, the basic parameters and the parameters of the user. An indoor ambient temperature sensor (SAI) and an outdoor temperature sensor (SAE) characterize heating demands. The nine hypotheses developed above apply identically. Two additional hypotheses are added.

In a first additional hypothesis, a heating demand is triggered by the temperature sensor SAI or SAE, the temperature T1 read by the temperature sensor

(51) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is lower than the temperature T2 measured by the temperature sensor (S2) of the floor heating (2), the temperature T3 detected by the temperature sensor (SH1) placed at the top of the long-term inter-season thermal storage tank (R1) is lower than the temperature T2 detected by the temperature sensor

(52) of the floor heating (2) and is greater than the temperature T5 raised by the temperature sensor (S4) placed on the return of the floor heating circuit (2). The valve V5 opens to the long-term inter-season thermal storage tank (R1), valve V6 opens to the boiler (5) and valve V3 is closed to the long-term off-season thermal storage tank (R1). Stored solar production helps the traditional boiler (5) by the return heating.

In a second additional hypothesis, a heating demand is triggered by the temperature sensor SAI or SAE ₁ the temperature T1 detected by the temperature sensor

(51) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is lower than the temperature T2 measured by the temperature sensor (S2) of the floor heating (2), the temperature T3 read by a temperature sensor (SH1) placed at the top of the long-term inter-season thermal storage tank (R1) is lower than the temperature T2 detected by the temperature sensor

(52) of the floor heating (2) and is lower than the temperature T5 read by the temperature sensor (S4) placed on the return of the floor heating circuit (2). The valve V5 opens towards the valve (V6) and the valves (V3) and (V6) open towards the boiler (5). The solar heating system is fully insulated and the boiler (5) warms the heating circuit (2) in the traditional way.

These assumptions are not exhaustive.

Ways to realize the invention:

This system can be used, for example, for heating a detached house. After completion of the heating study, the solar installation is sized according to the results of the study and the demands of the user in terms of autonomy of operation. Thus, the capacity of the reserves is determined then the number of solar thermal collectors as well as the dimensions of the circulation pumps and the safety devices.

The user may choose to install a traditional heat generator immediately or later. It may also choose to use only the solar heating supplying its floor heating, for example, and use, after depletion of reserves (assuming they are not reconstituted), a fireplace or other.

In the case of a heating installation with radiators, the inter-season tanks will have a greater total capacity than with a heated floor.

Possibilities of industrial applications: This system can be connected to any type of heating generator: wood boiler, gas boiler, oil boiler, heat pump, etc., for example. This system can provide an air conditioning aid, in summer, associated with an absorption machine via a heat exchanger, for example.

It can also be used to supply large quantities of domestic hot water (or industrial hot water), the storage tanks being used only for this purpose.

It can be used identically to provide heating for industrial buildings, offices, educational buildings or even heat networks, etc.

Claims

1. Solar heating system comprising at least one solar collector (1) characterized in that it is independent of another energy source and that it has at least one long-term inter-season thermal storage tank allowing a use delayed in time stored energy (R1 to Rx) and using a heat transfer fluid heated to high temperatures and heated only by solar energy.

2. solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claim 1 characterized in that the heat-carrying fluid supporting high temperatures has a boiling temperature above 110 ⁰ C.

Solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the heat transfer fluid circulates in all the elements of the heating system or only in a part.

4. Solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it has a centralized and automated control system controlling both the regulation of the solar energy production circuit and uses in the heating circuit.

5. solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claims 1 to 4 characterized in that there is a system for automatic emptying and filling (4) solar collectors comprising at least one discharge tank ( RD1).

6. Solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a temperature sensor (S1) records the temperature at the output of the solar collectors (1), that of at least one temperature sensor (SH 1 to SHx) records the temperature at the top of each of the long term heat storage tanks (R1 to Rx), at least one temperature sensor (SB1 to SBx) records the temperature the bottom of each of the long-term heat storage tanks (R1 to Rx), a temperature sensor

(S2) records the flow temperature to the heating circuit (2), a temperature sensor (S3) records the temperature of the domestic hot water (3), a temperature sensor (S4) records the temperature return of the heating circuit (2), a temperature sensor (SAI) records the indoor temperature, a temperature sensor (SAE) records the outdoor temperature and at least one pressure sensor records the system pressure.

7. solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the control system comprises a circulation pump (P1) whose speed is controlled by the temperature T1 recorded by the sensor of temperature (S1) and a circulation pump (P2) whose speed is controlled according to the temperature T2 of the temperature sensor (SAE) and / or (SAI).

8. Solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the absence of a heating demand (SAE temperature sensor and / or SAI), that a temperature T3 read by a temperature sensor (SH1) placed at the top of the long-term off-season thermal storage tank (R1) is greater than a set temperature (130 ^° C. for example), a temperature T1 detected by the temperature sensor (S1) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is greater than a set temperature (150 ^° C. for example) and a temperature T4 read by the temperature sensor (S3) placed at the top of the balloon sanitary (3) higher than a set temperature (80 ^° C for example), the solar production is stopped, the solenoid valve (EVD) discharge opens, the fluid contained in the solar collector

(1) is drained into the discharge tank (RD1).

9. solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claims 1 to 8 characterized in that when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor (CP1) is greater than a set pressure (PC1), the Solenoid valve (EVD) discharge opens, the fluid contained in the solar collector (1) is drained into the discharge tank (RD1).

10. Solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the solenoid valve (EVD) is supplied with electricity by the emergency power supply of the regulation, and that when the mains power supply is cut off and if the temperature T1 measured by the temperature sensor (S1) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is greater than a set temperature (150 ^° C. for example) and if the value measured by the pressure sensor (CP 1) is higher than a set pressure (PC1), then the discharge solenoid valve (EVD) opens, the fluid contained in the solar collector (1) is drained in the discharge tank (RD1) for a safety discharge.

11. solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claims 1 to 10 characterized in that when the value recorded by the pressure sensor (CP1) is between 1 time and 1 time and a half pressure of set point (PC2), then the solenoid valve (EVD) is closed, the circulator (PR1) is in operation and the fluid is recharged in the solar collector (1).

12. solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the long-term thermal storage inter-season storage tank to be completed in temperature is determined by comparing the values recorded by the sensors of temperature (SH1 to SHx) placed at the top of each of the long-term inter-season thermal storage tanks (R1 to Rx) by selecting the long-term inter-season thermal storage tank (R ..) having this minimum value until the differential between the new value measured by the temperature sensor at the top of this long-term off-season thermal storage tank and the temperature T1 measured by the temperature sensor (S1) placed at the output of the solar collector (1) is lower or equal to about 10 ^° C.

13. Use of the solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claims 1 to 12 characterized in that it can directly supply any heating network using a hot heat transfer fluid (floor heating, radiators, fan heaters, fan coil). -convectors, etc.) or domestic or industrial hot water production network.

14. Use of the solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claims 1 to 12 characterized in that it can be coupled to any type of complementary heat generator (wood boiler, gas boiler, oil boiler, heat pump, absorption machine, etc.) which can be connected to a heating fluid heating system (underfloor heating, radiators, air heaters, fan coil units, etc.).

15. Use of the solar heating system independent of another energy source according to claims 1 to 12 characterized in that it can be coupled to any type of complementary cold generator (heat pump, absorption machine, etc. .) to produce cold for any use (air conditioning, cold, etc ....).