WO2009088875A2 - Purificateur électrolytique - Google Patents
Purificateur électrolytique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009088875A2 WO2009088875A2 PCT/US2008/088562 US2008088562W WO2009088875A2 WO 2009088875 A2 WO2009088875 A2 WO 2009088875A2 US 2008088562 W US2008088562 W US 2008088562W WO 2009088875 A2 WO2009088875 A2 WO 2009088875A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- power
- rechargeable battery
- electrolytic cell
- electrolytic
- voltage
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 36
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 titanium hydride Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- NHYCGSASNAIGLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine monoxide Chemical class Cl[O] NHYCGSASNAIGLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910005580 NiCd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005813 NiMH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000034817 Waterborne disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020411 cell activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000856 hastalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
- C02F1/002—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using small portable filters for producing potable water, e.g. personal travel or emergency equipment, survival kits, combat gear
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
- C02F1/4674—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation with halogen or compound of halogens, e.g. chlorine, bromine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4616—Power supply
- C02F2201/46165—Special power supply, e.g. solar energy or batteries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
- C02F2209/008—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC] comprising telecommunication features, e.g. modems or antennas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/05—Conductivity or salinity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a small electrolytic disinfectant generator thai preferably comprises a power conditioning circuit and a rechargeable battery that can be powered from other batteries, solar panels, or conventional utility electrical power.
- the present invention preferably does not require a significant consumable for continued use, lust common salt, which is considered universally available. Once the device is distributed, continued use of the device would not require a new logistics train or consumables.
- Electrolytic technology utilizing dimensionally stable anodes has been used for years for the production of chlorine and other mixed-oxidant solutions.
- Dimensionally stable anodes are described in U.S. Patent No. 3,234,110 to Beer, entitled “Electrode and Method of Making Same,” whereby a noble metal coating is applied over a titanium substrate.
- the oxidant is produced in an open-type cell or drawn into the cell with a syringe or pump-type device, such as described in U.S. Patent No. 6,524,475 to Herrington, et al., entitled “Portable Water Disinfection System.”
- This device utilizes batteries and an internal circuit to measure electrica! current being delivered to the electrolytic cell.
- Various electronic components and software in the electrica! circuit alarm for low salt and low battery condition, and ensure that adequate power is provided to the electrolytic cell to ensure that the oxidant generated by the device has maximum disinfection efficacy.
- the pH at the surface of the anode is typically low, on the order of approximately 3.
- oxygen generated at the anode surface reacts to form hypochlorous acid and other chlor-oxygen compounds with no oxygen gas liberated.
- Typical cathodes in these electrolytic cells may be composed of titanium, noble metal coated titanium, catalyst coated titanium, nickel based allows such as Hastalloy, stainless steel, and other conductive materials impervious to high pH conditions.
- hydrogen is liberated at the cathode surface with a localized high pH value at the cathode surface.
- the metal comprising the cathode is not oxidized or otherwise damaged during electrolysis despite the production of hydrogen at the cathode surface.
- titanium hydride can form at the surface of a bare titanium cathode which may cause stress concentrations in the cathode surface.
- noble metal or catalyst coatings can be applied to the cathode surface to prevent titanium hydride from forming on the cathode surface when the cathode substrate comprises titanium.
- US patent no. 7,015,654 to Kuhlmann, et al describes a power conditioning circuit.
- a mirco-controller and boost converter circuit provides constant current to a light emitting diode array or other energy consuming source such as an electrolytic cell.
- a micro-controller operatively coupled with a semiconductor switch and the boost converter circuit measure the ability of a DC power supply to change the inductor. Duty cycles of the semiconductor switch are modified according to the measurement so as to supply substantially constant current to the LED array or electrolytic cell through an inductor regardless of actual battery voltage.
- the present invention is a portable electrolytic disinfectant generator comprising an electrolytic cell, a rechargeable battery, a power conditioning circuit for delivering a first predetermined electrical voltage and current to the electrolytic cell; and a charging circuit for conditioning power from a power source in order to generate a second predetermined electrical voltage to recharge the rechargeable battery.
- the power conditioning circuit preferably detects a salinity level of electrolytic solution in the electrolytic cell.
- the power source preferably comprises one or more solar cells.
- the generator is optionally hermetically sealed and/or buoyant.
- the generator preferably further comprises one or more elements selected from the group consisting of a light bulb, an LED, electrical contacts for receiving or discharging power, an external solar panel, an integrated solar panel, an electronic display, an attachment mechanism, a compass, a position finding device, a location beacon transmitter, a cell phone, a camera, a clock, a timer, and a mirror.
- the disinfectant is preferably selected from the group consisting of sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, bromine, and mixed oxidants.
- the present invention is also a method for generating disinfectant, the method comprising the steps of conditioning power from a rechargeable battery to a first predetermined voltage and current, delivering the conditioned power to an electrolytic cell, electrolyzing brine, generating a disinfectant, conditioning power from a power source to a second voltage, and recharging the battery at the second voltage.
- the method preferably further comprising a function selected from the group consisting of detecting a salinity level of electrolytic solution in the electrolytic cell, terminating the recharging step when the rechargeable battery is fully charged, providing undervoltage shutoff if a power level of the rechargeable battery is below a predetermined threshold, providing overvoltage protection preventing the rechargeable battery from being damaged by overcharging, and sensing the input voltage from the power source in order to optimize charging of the rechargeable battery for different input voltages.
- the power source preferably comprises one or more solar cells.
- the method preferably further comprises the step of disposing the electrolytic cetl in a portable case, preferably wherein the case is hermetically sealed and/or buoyant.
- the case is preferably sufficiently small to attach to a key fob or key ring, fit in a pocket, or hang from a neck chain or pocket chain.
- the case preferably further comprises one or more elements selected from the group consisting of a light bulb, an LED, electrical contacts for receiving or discharging power, an external solar panel, an integrated solar panel, an electronic display, an attachment mechanism, a compass, a position finding device, a location beacon transmitter, a cell phone, a camera, a clock, a timer, and a mirror.
- the disinfectant is preferably selected from the group consisting of sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, bromine, and mixed oxidants.
- Fig. 1 is a system schematic of a rechargeable battery powered electrolytic disinfection device.
- Fig. 2 is a view of a rechargeable battery powered electrolytic disinfection device with light emitting diodes.
- Fig. 3 is a view. of a rechargeable battery powered electrolytic disinfection device with light emitting diodes and an electrical power takeoff and recharging contacts.
- Fig. 4 is a view of a rechargeable battery powered electrolytic disinfection device with light emitting diodes, electrical power takeoff and recharging contacts, and a detachable solar panel for recharging the device.
- Fig. 5 is a view of a rechargeable battery powered electrolytic disinfection device with light emitting diodes, electrical power takeoff and recharging contacts, and an integral solar panel.
- Fig. 6 is a view of a rechargeable battery powered electrolytic disinfection device with light emitting diodes, electrical power takeoff and recharging contacts, display for information, and an Integral solar panel.
- Fig. 7 is a view of a rechargeable battery powered electrolytic disinfection device in a small key fob configuration.
- Fig. 8 is a view of a cylindrical electrolytic disinfection device made for batch oxidant generation.
- Fig. 9 is a schematic of an embodiment of a circuit utilized in the present invention.
- the process utilizes an anode electrode and a cathode electrode with a brine solution between the electrodes. Electrical energy is applied to the anode and cathode and transmitted to the brine solution, converting the brine solution to a disinfectant.
- sodium chloride (salt) is added to water in an electrolytic cell chamber.
- the amount of disinfectant produced is typically a direct function of the amount of energy applied to the brine solution, and is typically independent of the concentration and volume of the brine solution. This feature is fortuitous from an operational standpoint because the operator does not need to closely control how much water is added to the electrolytic cell chamber, nor how much salt is added.
- the present invention comprises an electrolytic device preferably powered by a rechargeable battery which is used to produce disinfectant solution.
- the device may comprise a stand-alone device or alternatively be mounted to a water storage container to disinfect the water in the storage container.
- the device can preferably be recharged from any number of energy producing devices.
- An embodiment of an electrolytic disinfection device of the present invention preferably utilizes sodium chloride as a salt that is converted to brine and is electrolyzed to form sodium hypochlorite or chlorine based mixed oxidants as the disinfectant.
- the device may use some other form of halogen to produce a disinfectant such as sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, bromine, or other such disinfectant that can be used for disinfection.
- the circuit to power the electrolytic cell preferably comprises a rechargeable battery and an electric circuit preferably to generate a pulsed direct current voltage of sufficient potential to generate a chlorine-based mixed oxidant solution.
- the electrical circuit also preferably integrates over voltage, under voltage, over current, and/or under current protection circuits to ensure the device is not damaged during charging or discharging of electrical power.
- the circuit also ensures that electrical conditions at the electrolytic cell are adequate to produce oxidant that is effective for the purpose of disinfection.
- the rechargeable battery is preferably recharged using a solar panel.
- the device may also optionally incorporate other devices such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) or light bulbs for light generation or signaling, electrical terminals for providing an electrical potential to heat a resistance circuit to generate heat or flame, a global positioning system (GPS) location identification device, an electronic compass, a radio device, an emergency beacon transponder, a cell phone, a digital clock, a camera, a voice or music recorder, a data storage device, or other such electronic components.
- LEDs light emitting diodes
- GPS global positioning system
- the disinfectant produced in the process is added to a container of water to disinfect the water.
- Unconverted salt in the disinfectant solution is simply added to the water to be treated, thereby increasing the total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration in the treated water.
- TDS total dissolved solids
- the amount of unconverted salt added to the treated water is well below the taste threshold.
- What is typically important in the electrolysis process is control of the voltage and total current applied to the brine solution from the power source. The quality and strength of the oxidant are affected by the voltage and amperage applied to the electrolytic cell. Fortunately, these characteristics are easily controlled by an electrical circuit in the disinfectant device.
- the electrical circuit may comprise a microcircuit and/or a microcontroller that can be small and low cost. A schematic of one such circuit is shown in Fig. 9.
- the electrical circuit should be capable of delivering the desired voltage and amperage to the electrolytic cell.
- Some energy sources such as a rechargeable battery, may not inherently produce the correct voltage for optimal production of the disinfectant, but the electrical circuit is preferably capable of conditioning the voltage to produce the correct voltage.
- the rechargeable battery preferably used with the present invention can be recharged from a variety of different power sources including other batteries, solar panels, or other devices. Any of these charging devices may not produce the same voltage as the rechargeable battery in the device.
- the electrical circuit may incorporate a switching regulator charging circuit controlled in such a way that the microcircuit and/ or microcontroller senses the input voltage and drives the switcher to optimize the charging for different input voltages, such as those of a single alkaline battery (1.5V), single NiMH or NiCd battery (1.2V), lithium manganese battery (3V), small solar cell or panel (0.55V to 6V), lead acid battery (6V or 12V), or other such device.
- a switching regulator charging circuit controlled in such a way that the microcircuit and/ or microcontroller senses the input voltage and drives the switcher to optimize the charging for different input voltages, such as those of a single alkaline battery (1.5V), single NiMH or NiCd battery (1.2V), lithium manganese battery (3V), small solar cell or panel (0.55V to 6V), lead acid battery (6V or 12V), or other such device.
- the electrical circuit is preferably capable of conditioning the applied voltage such that the rechargeable battery is properly recharged.
- the electrical circuit will also preferably cease charging the rechargeable battery when it has become fully charged.
- a full recharge may optionally be indicated by a light emitting diode (LED) or other signaling device.
- the LED may also be utilized in the circuit to discharge excess power to avoid overcharging the rechargeable battery.
- One or more LED's may also be utilized to provide various indication functions for the device. For example, LED's may be utilized to indicate salinity that is too low or too high, battery voltage that is too low to run the cell, or completion of the charging cycle.
- the electrical circuit preferably ensures that the proper electrical conditions exist for the electrolysis process.
- the voltage applied to the anode and cathode electrodes is preferably maintained constant throughout the entire process or the proper strength oxidant may not be produced. Low strength oxidant can result in less than optimum disinfection performance.
- the electrical circuit preferably maintains the appropriate voltage and amperage, and may provide an alarm to the user if performance is not within a specified range. Similarly, if low amperage draw is detected due to low brine concentration in the electrolytic cell, the circuit preferably provides an indication of a low salt condition (e.g. if the user did not add enough salt to the electrolytic cell).
- the current can vary during electrolysis, so the circuit preferably measures the current provided to the electrolytic cell so that the desired dose of oxidants is produced.
- the circuit preferably "reads" the voltage of the power supply that is recharging the internal battery, conditions that incoming voltage properly to charge the internal battery, and protects the internal battery from overvoltage.
- the internal battery may be a 3.5 volt battery.
- the circuit preferably boosts this voltage to provide an optimal voltage on the electrolytic cell.
- disinfection device 20 comprises electrolytic cell 22, electrical circuit 24 comprising microcontroller 25, rechargeable battery 26, solar panel 28, and electrolysis activation switch 32.
- Electrolysis activation switch 32 may optionally comprise a membrane switch or other type of hermetically sealed switch to avoid introduction of fluids or other elements to the Inside of disinfection device 20.
- Water 36 is introduced into electrolytic cell 22 preferably followed by the addition of salt 34.
- Disinfection device 20 is held preferably vertically for several moments to allow salt 34 to dissolve in water 36 forming brine.
- Activation switch 32 is pressed thereby causing electrical current to be discharged from rechargeable battery 26 through electrical circuit 24 to electrolytic cell 22, wherein electrolysis converts the brine to disinfectant. After the energy in rechargeable battery 26 is partially or fully depleted, energy is restored to rechargeable battery 26 from solar panel 28 via electrical circuit 24.
- the complete assembly can be hermetically sealed so that disinfection device 20 can be immersed under water or exposed to other harsh environments without damaging the device. Sealed disinfection device 20 may optionally be buoyant to avoid loss of disinfection device 20 in a body of water.
- microcontroller 25 preferably drives electrical circuit 24 to run electrolytic cell 22 at a voltage different than the voltage of the rechargeable battery 26, and also controls the amount of current that is run through electrolytic cell 22 during the electrolysis process.
- Microcontroller 25 also preferably measures battery 26, controls for charge termination when the battery is fully charged, provides ⁇ ndervoltage shutoff if battery 26 gets too low and needs recharging, and provides overvoltage protection preventing battery 26 from being damaged by overcharging.
- disinfection device 40 comprises electrolytic cell 42, electrical circuit 44, rechargeable battery 58, solar panel 48, light emitting diodes 46, light emitting diode activation switch 50, and electrolysis activation switch 52.
- Water 56 is introduced into electrolytic cell 42 preferably followed by the addition of salt 54.
- Disinfection device 40 is preferably held vertically for several moments to allow salt 54 to dissolve in water 56.
- Disinfection device 40 may also act as a flashlight by activating light emitting diode electrical switch 50 thereby illuminating light emitting diodes 46.
- disinfection device 60 comprises electrolytic cell 62, electrolytic cell activation switch 64, light emitting diodes 66, light emitting diode activation switch 68, power contacts 70, and power contacts activation switch 72.
- Power contacts 70 can have two or more functions.
- electrical leads from another power source can be connected to power contacts 70 via electrical connectors or electrical leads that incorporate magnets on the end of the external power leads to facilitate connection the power contacts 70.
- power contacts activation switch 72 can be operated thereby allowing electrical current to flow from the internal rechargeable battery to the leads.
- power contacts 70 can be placed in contact with a suitable conductive material such as fine steel wool.
- a suitable conductive material such as fine steel wool.
- power contacts activation switch 72 When power contacts activation switch 72 is activated, power from the internal rechargeable battery can flow to power contacts 70 thereby creating an electrical heating circuit within the fine steel wool, thereby igniting the steei wool and starting a flame.
- a particularly aggressive and persistent fire can be generated when the fine steel wool is first impregnated with petroleum jelly. This embodiment is thus particularly useful for military personnel or outdoor enthusiasts.
- This single device would be capable of providing light, starting a fire, and disinfecting available drinking water from a stream, lake, or river, all of which are useful for outdoor survival.
- disinfection device 80 comprises electrolytic cell 82, electrolysis activation switch 84, light emitting diodes 86, light emitting diode activation switch 88, power contacts 90, power contacts activation switch 92, solar panel 94, and solar panel electrical contacts 96. After the energy in the internal rechargeable battery is partially or fully depleted, the rechargeable battery is recharged from solar panel 94 via electrical contacts 96. Electrical contacts 96 may also serve as the mechanical connection device between solar panel 94 and disinfection device 80.
- disinfection device 100 comprises electrolytic cell 102, electrolysis activation switch 104, light emitting diodes 106, light emitting diode activation switch 108, power contacts 110, power contacts activation switch 112, and integral solar pane! 114.
- disinfection device 120 comprises electrolytic cell 122, electrolysis activation switch 124, light emitting diodes 126, light emitting diode activation switch 128, power contacts 130, power contacts activation switch 132, integral solar panel 134, and electronic display 136.
- Electronic display 136 may be used to communication information such as compass direction, position location signals, a clock display, a timer display, a cell phone display, a radio beacon display, or other such information.
- the display may have a large format screen to display any form of information including pictures, text, or other data, and that the screen can be touch sensitive or activated to provide input to the device including letters and text. Any of the functions of the device may optionally be voice activated.
- disinfection device 140 is configured in a very small package, such as a key fob or other small device, that may easily fit in a pocket, attach to a key ring, or hang from a neck chain or pocket chain.
- Disinfection device 140 comprises electrolytic cell 142, electrolysis activation switch 144, tight emitting diodes 146, and light emitting diode activation switch 148.
- disinfection device 154 is configured in a form factor such that it can be dipped through the opening of a separate oxidant storage container.
- a brine solution can be made up in the separate oxidant storage container and the device can be dipped into it.
- Oxidant can then be created by using electrode circuit 153 to apply power to the electrolytic cell 150 after the electrolysis activation switch 152 is actuated by the user.
- the present invention may also incorporate other devices or electronic components, including but not limited to a compass, a position finding device, a location beacon transmitter, a cell phone, a camera, a clock, a timer, and/or a reflection mirror.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un dispositif électrolytique et un procédé pour générer une solution de désinfection qui utilise un circuit électrique et une batterie de stockage. Le circuit électrique conditionne de préférence le courant reçu depuis diverses sources de puissance pour charger la batterie de stockage, et conditionne le courant stocké dans la batterie de stockage pour fournir le courant approprié afin de maximiser l'efficacité de désinfection de la solution de désinfection. Le dispositif peut incorporer un ou plusieurs autres dispositifs comme une diode électroluminescente (DEL), une prise de courant électrique, une horloge, un compas, un dispositif émetteur, un dispositif récepteur, un dispositif de localisation de position, un dispositif d'indication de position et/ou une caméra.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US1915408P | 2008-01-04 | 2008-01-04 | |
US61/019,154 | 2008-01-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2009088875A2 true WO2009088875A2 (fr) | 2009-07-16 |
WO2009088875A3 WO2009088875A3 (fr) | 2009-11-19 |
Family
ID=40853681
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/US2008/088562 WO2009088875A2 (fr) | 2008-01-04 | 2008-12-30 | Purificateur électrolytique |
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WO (1) | WO2009088875A2 (fr) |
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