WO2009084369A1 - Hiv-1抗原の検出用試薬及び検出方法 - Google Patents
Hiv-1抗原の検出用試薬及び検出方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009084369A1 WO2009084369A1 PCT/JP2008/072068 JP2008072068W WO2009084369A1 WO 2009084369 A1 WO2009084369 A1 WO 2009084369A1 JP 2008072068 W JP2008072068 W JP 2008072068W WO 2009084369 A1 WO2009084369 A1 WO 2009084369A1
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- hiv
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
- G01N33/56983—Viruses
- G01N33/56988—HIV or HTLV
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/08—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses
- C07K16/10—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses from RNA viruses
- C07K16/1036—Retroviridae, e.g. leukemia viruses
- C07K16/1045—Lentiviridae, e.g. HIV, FIV, SIV
Definitions
- the present invention relates to reagents and methods for detecting HIV-1 p24 antigen.
- AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
- HIV human immunodeficiency virus
- diagnosis of AIDS is performed by detecting HIV antibodies in blood.
- antibody titers do not rise in the blood at the beginning of HIV infection. Therefore, testing methods that detect HIV antibodies may miss early HIV-infected patients.
- HIV-1 p24 antigen a method for detecting the p24 core protein of the type 1 HIV virus exhibiting stable antigenicity (hereinafter referred to as "HIV-1 p24 antigen").
- Conventionally known methods include sandwich immunoassay methods described, for example, in US Pat. No. 5,173,399 (Patent Document 1), US Pat. No. 4,983,529 (Patent Document 2), US Pat. No. 6,432,633 (Patent Document 3), and the like. It is. U.S. Pat. No. 5,173,399 U.S. Pat. No. 4,983,529 U.S. Pat. No. 6,432,633
- HIV antigen in blood requires high sensitivity because HIV antigen is contained only in a small amount in blood.
- mouse monoclonal antibodies are used as antibodies for detecting HIV-1 p24 antigen. Therefore, when the sample contains human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA), the mouse monoclonal antibody contained as a reagent may react with HAMA in the sample to give a false positive result.
- HAMA human anti-mouse antibody
- an object of the present invention is to provide a reagent capable of detecting a false positive by HAMA and detecting HIV-1 p24 antigen with high sensitivity and a method thereof.
- the present inventors 1) It was found that HIV-1 p24 antigen can be detected with high sensitivity by a sandwich immunoassay method using human monoclonal antibodies; and 2) false positives can be reduced even for specimens containing HAMA by using human monoclonal antibodies. , Completed the present invention.
- the present invention (1) A first antibody in which a first human monoclonal antibody that recognizes HIV-1 p24 antigen is labeled with a labeling substance, a solid phase, and a substance that can bind to the solid phase recognizes HIV-1 p24 antigen A reagent for detecting HIV antigen comprising a second antibody conjugated to two human monoclonal antibodies; (2) The HIV antigen detection agent according to (1), comprising a first reagent containing the first antibody, a second reagent containing particles as the solid phase, and a third reagent containing the second antibody.
- the HIV antigen detection reagent according to (2) further comprising a fourth reagent, wherein the labeling substance is an enzyme, and a substrate of the enzyme; (4) The HIV antigen detection reagent according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the solid phase holds avidin or streptavidin and the substance capable of binding to the solid phase is biotin; (5) The HIV antigen detection reagent according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the solid phase is a magnetic particle; (6) The HIV-1 p24 antigen contained in the sample and the first antibody labeled with the first human monoclonal antibody that recognizes the HIV-1 p24 antigen with the labeling substance, and the substance capable of binding to the solid phase HIV-1 HIV antigen detection that forms a complex with a second antibody bound to a second human monoclonal antibody that recognizes p24 antigen on a solid phase and detects HIV antigen based on the labeled substance contained in this complex Method; (7) mixing the antigen and the first antibody, mixing the mixture obtained
- the method for detecting HIV antigen according to (6) which comprises the step of detecting an antigen; (9) A first mixing step of mixing the antigen and the first antibody, a second mixing step of mixing the mixture obtained in the first mixing step and the second antibody, and a second mixing step Mixing the prepared mixture with the particles as the solid phase to form the complex on the particles, and HIV based on the labeling substance contained in the complex formed on the particles.
- the method for detecting HIV antigen according to (6) which comprises the step of detecting an antigen; (10) A mixture obtained in a first mixing step of mixing the antigen and the first antibody, a second mixing step of mixing particles as the solid phase, and the second antibody, and a first mixing step And the mixture obtained in the second mixing step to form the complex on the particle, and HIV based on the labeling substance contained in the complex formed on the particle.
- the method for detecting HIV antigen according to (6) which comprises the step of detecting an antigen;
- the method comprises the step of mixing the labeling substance with an enzyme and a substrate of the enzyme and the complex formed on the particles, and the detection step is based on the reaction between the enzyme and the substrate.
- the HIV antigen detection method according to any one of (7) to (10), which detects an antigen; (12) The HIV antigen detection method according to (11), wherein the substrate is a luminescent substrate or a chromogenic substrate, and the detection step detects an HIV antigen by detecting luminescence or coloring generated by the reaction of the enzyme and the substrate. Method; (13) The HIV antigen detection method according to any one of (6) to (12), wherein the solid phase is a magnetic particle.
- the reagent and method for detecting HIV antigens of the present invention detect HIV antigens using human monoclonal antibodies. Therefore, false positive results can be reduced even for specimens containing HAMA.
- HIV-1 p24 antigen can be detected with higher sensitivity than conventional methods. Thus, the amount of sample required for detection of HIV antigen can be reduced. In addition, highly accurate results can be provided without sample pretreatment. Therefore, the complexity of the inspection can be reduced.
- the figure which represented notionally the reagent for HIV antigen detection which contains a 1st reagent, a 2nd reagent, and a 3rd reagent of this invention is shown.
- the figure which represented the reaction of the HIV antigen detection method of this invention notionally was shown.
- the reagent for detecting HIV antigen of the present invention comprises: a first antibody in which a first human monoclonal antibody that recognizes HIV-1 p24 antigen is labeled with a labeling substance, a solid phase, and a substance capable of binding to the solid phase; And a second antibody conjugated to a second human monoclonal antibody that recognizes 1 p24 antigen.
- the reagent for HIV antigen detection of the present invention comprises a reagent kit composed of a single reagent and a plurality of reagents.
- the first antibody, the solid phase and the second antibody may be contained in separate reagents.
- any two or all of the first antibody, the solid phase, and the second antibody may be contained in the same reagent.
- a reagent kit including a reagent containing a first antibody and another reagent containing a solid phase and a second antibody.
- the second antibody in the second reagent may be bound to the solid phase.
- reagents comprising all of the first antibody, the solid phase, and the second antibody.
- the second antibody in the reagent may be bound to the solid phase.
- a reagent kit comprising a first antibody, a solid phase and a second antibody in separate reagents is preferable.
- the solid phase contained in the reagent include particles described later. That is, a reagent kit including a first reagent containing the first antibody, a second reagent containing particles as the solid phase, and a third reagent containing the second antibody is preferable.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the first reagent, the second reagent and the third reagent of the reagent kit.
- the first reagent contains a first antibody
- the second reagent contains particles as a solid phase
- the third reagent contains a second antibody.
- the first and second human monoclonal antibodies that recognize the HIV-1 p24 antigen used in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they are human monoclonal antibodies that can recognize the HIV-1 p24 antigen.
- the class of antibody is not particularly limited, and includes IgG, IgM and the like.
- the antibody may be a fragment of an antibody and a derivative thereof as long as it can recognize HIV-1 p24 antigen. Fragments of antibodies include Fab fragments, F (ab ') 2 fragments, Fab' fragments, sFv fragments and the like. These fragments can be obtained, for example, by treating the antibody according to known methods such as pepsin treatment.
- Human monoclonal antibodies that recognize the HIV-1 p24 antigen can be obtained by methods known to those skilled in the art. For example, (1) Fusion of lymphocytes of a patient infected with HIV with mouse myeloma cells. Next, hybridomas producing a desired monoclonal antibody are selected. And a method of obtaining an antibody by being produced by a selected hybridoma; (2) A method for obtaining an antibody of interest by immunizing a mammal capable of producing human immunoglobulin (eg, XENOMOUSE®) with HIV-1 p24 antigen; (3) Epstein-Barr virus is infected to B lymphocytes collected from the blood of HIV-infected patients. Next, B lymphocytes producing an antibody of interest are screened.
- human immunoglobulin eg, XENOMOUSE®
- a method of obtaining a target antibody by introducing the target antibody-producing gene obtained by cloning the screened B lymphocytes into mammalian cells such as CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells; Etc. They can also be obtained as commercial products.
- mammalian cells such as CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells; Etc. They can also be obtained as commercial products.
- a human monoclonal antibody obtained from Biomaric (BioMARIC, Belgium) as the above first and second human monoclonal antibodies.
- the above first and second human monoclonal antibodies are each an antibody capable of recognizing different sites (epitopes) of an antigen.
- the first antibody described above is labeled with a detectable labeling substance.
- the labeling substance is not particularly limited as long as it is a labeling substance that can be used in a conventional immunoassay.
- enzymes include alkaline phosphatase, peroxidase, glucose oxidase, tyrosinase, acid phosphatase and the like.
- Fluorescent substances include fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), green fluorescent protein (GFP), luciferin and the like.
- FITC fluorescein isothiocyanate
- GFP green fluorescent protein
- luciferin As radioactive isotopes, 125 I, 14 C, 32 P and the like can be mentioned.
- the above-mentioned labeling substance is preferably an enzyme, particularly preferably alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
- the method for labeling the first human monoclonal antibody with a labeling substance is not particularly limited as long as it is a method commonly used in the art.
- a method is known in which the above-mentioned labeling substance is bound to an antibody using a thiol group (-SH group) in the antibody.
- the above-mentioned antibody can be labeled with a labeling substance by reacting the above-mentioned labeling substance into which a functional group capable of reacting with a thiol group such as a maleimide group is introduced with the first human monoclonal antibody.
- the second antibody described above is capable of binding to a solid phase.
- the binding between the second antibody and the solid phase is a substance capable of binding to the solid phase of the second antibody (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "a substance for solid phase binding"), a binding substance retained on the solid phase, and Preferably by the bond between
- the solid phase binding substance and the binding substance described above are not particularly limited as long as they are a combination of substances that can specifically bind under the conditions under which the detection method of HIV-1 p24 antigen is performed. Examples of these combinations include biotin and avidin or streptavidin, hapten and anti-hapten antibodies, nickel and histidine tag, glutathione and glutathione-S-transferase, and the like. Examples of haptens and anti-hapten antibodies include dinitrophenol (DNP) and anti-DNP antibodies.
- DNP dinitrophenol
- the binding of the second antibody to the solid phase is preferably by biotin-avidin binding or biotin-streptavidin binding. Therefore, the combination of the substance for solid phase binding and the binding substance is preferably a combination of biotin and avidin or biotin and streptavidin.
- the combination of the substance for solid phase binding and the binding substance is not particularly limited as long as it is selected from the combination of the above-mentioned substances capable of specifically binding.
- the substance for solid phase binding contains biotin
- the binding substance is avidin or streptavidin.
- the solid phase binding substance comprises avidin or streptavidin
- the binding substance is biotin.
- the substance for solid phase binding comprises biotin and the binding substance is avidin or streptavidin.
- the second antibody is an antibody to which biotin is bound
- the solid phase is a solid phase on which avidin or streptavidin is retained.
- the magnetic particle binding substance can be bound to the second human monoclonal antibody by using a functional group having reactivity with a primary amino group (—NH 2 group) or a thiol group in the antibody.
- the functional group having reactivity with the primary amino group includes a succinimide group (NHS group) and the like.
- a functional group having reactivity with a thiol group a maleimide group and the like can be mentioned.
- the above-mentioned solid phase material is not particularly limited as long as it is a common solid phase material used for immunoassay.
- Polymer materials such as copolymer, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), silicone, etc .; agarose; gelatin; red blood cells; inorganic materials such as silica gel, glass, inert alumina, magnetic material, etc. One or more of these may be combined.
- the form of the solid phase is not particularly limited as long as it is the form of a normal solid phase used for immunoassay.
- a normal solid phase used for immunoassay For example, microtiter plates, test tubes, particles and the like can be mentioned.
- particles are preferable as the solid phase contained in the reagent. If the solid phase is a particle, it can be easily contained in the reagent.
- the particles include magnetic particles, latex, red blood cells, gelatin particles and the like.
- the above-mentioned binding substance may be directly retained on the solid phase. Also, it may be held by a substance previously coated on the surface of the solid phase.
- the binding substance can be retained on the solid phase by being chemically bonded to the hydrophilic group.
- the binding substance can be held on the solid phase by binding the substance to the substance using chemical bonding or intermolecular force.
- Magnetic particles are particles that contain magnetic particles as a base material. Such magnetic particles are known in the art. As a base material, for example, one using Fe 2 O 3 and / or Fe 3 O 4 , cobalt, nickel, ferrite, magnetite or the like is known.
- a base material for example, one using Fe 2 O 3 and / or Fe 3 O 4 , cobalt, nickel, ferrite, magnetite or the like is known.
- As preferred magnetic particles (1) Magnetic particles in which the surface of the magnetic particles is coated with a polymer, protein or the like; (2) Magnetic particles in which carboxyl groups are exposed from the surface of magnetic particles; (3) Magnetic particles having a configuration in which a substrate having magnetism is dispersed in a resin; Etc. These magnetic particles can easily hold the above-mentioned binding substance.
- Magnetic particles hold avidin or streptavidin magnetic particles having carboxyl groups exposed on the surface can be used to hold avidin or streptavidin in the magnetic particles by a chemical reaction. More specifically, in the presence of a dehydrating condensing agent such as a water-soluble carbodiimide, an amino group in a molecule of avidin or streptavidin is reacted with a carboxyl group exposed on the surface of a particle body to form an amide bond. Thus, avidin or streptavidin can be retained on the magnetic particles.
- a dehydrating condensing agent such as a water-soluble carbodiimide
- avidin or streptavidin may be held on a solid phase by binding to the substance by using a chemical bond or an intermolecular force. it can.
- avidin or streptavidin is supported on the resin by being bound to the resin by using a chemical bond or an intermolecular force.
- the HIV detection reagent of the present invention may contain, in addition to the first antibody, the solid phase and the second antibody, other components that do not interfere with and / or facilitate detection of HIV-1 p24 antigen detection.
- Other components include surfactants, preservatives, serum proteins and the like.
- each reagent constituting the reagent kit is Other ingredients as described above can be included.
- the reagent for detecting HIV of the present invention may be in the form of a liquid in which the first antibody, the particles as the solid phase and the second antibody are suspended or dissolved in an appropriate solvent together with the other components described above.
- the liquid may be made solid by treatment such as lyophilization.
- the HIV detection reagent of the present invention is a liquid.
- a reagent kit including a first reagent containing a first antibody, a second reagent containing particles as a solid phase, and a third reagent containing a second antibody, the first reagent, the second reagent and the third Reagent kits in which all of the reagents are liquid are preferred.
- a suitable solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not interfere with the detection of HIV-1 p24 antigen.
- PBS phosphate buffered saline
- TAA triethanolamine hydrochloride buffer
- Tris-HCl Tris-HCl
- the pH of the first reagent, the second reagent and the third reagent is preferably about 6.0 to 10.0.
- the above first and second antibodies depend on the type of antibody used, they are preferably present in excess with respect to the antigen which can be contained in the sample when it reacts with the antigen. . That is, the concentration of the first and second antibodies in the reaction with the antigen may be preferably 0.01 to 10 ⁇ g / ml, more preferably 0.1 to 5 ⁇ g / ml.
- the HIV detection reagent preferably contains 0.1 to 20 mg / ml, more preferably 1 to 10 mg / ml of magnetic particles. Is preferred.
- the reagent for detecting HIV of the present invention is preferably a reagent kit having another reagent containing a substrate for the enzyme.
- the fourth reagent containing a substrate for the enzyme It is preferable to further include.
- substrates for the enzymes conventionally known chemiluminescent substrates, luminescent substrates such as bioluminescent substrates, and chromogenic substrates can be used according to the enzymes exemplified as the above-mentioned labeling substances.
- examples of the substrate include AMPPD (registered trademark) (3- (2'-spiroadamantane) -4-methoxy-4- (3 "-phosphoryloxy) phenyl-1 , 2-Dioxetane), CDP-star (registered trademark) (4-chloro-3- (methoxyspiro ⁇ 1,2-dioxetane-3,2 ′-(5′-chloro) tricyclo [3.3.1.1] 3,7 ] decane ⁇ -4-yl) phenyl phosphate disodium), CSPD (registered trademark) (3- (4-methoxyspiro ⁇ 1,2-dioxetane-3,2- (5′-chloro) tricyclo [3 3.3.1.1 Chemiluminescent substrates such as 3,7 ] decan ⁇ -4-yl) phenyl phosphate (disodium phosphate); p-nitro
- the HIV detection reagent of the present invention can further include a washing solution.
- a washing solution for example, in the case of a reagent kit including a first reagent containing a first antibody, a second reagent containing particles as a solid phase, and a third reagent containing a second antibody, it may further contain a washing solution as another reagent.
- the washing solution is preferably a buffer having a pH of about 6.0 to 10.0, and examples thereof include 2- [N-morpholino] ethanesulfonic acid buffer (MES), phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and the like.
- MES 2- [N-morpholino] ethanesulfonic acid buffer
- PBS phosphate buffered saline
- the present invention also provides a method for detecting HIV-1 p24 antigen (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “detection method”).
- the detection method of the present invention comprises the HIV-1 p24 antigen contained in the sample, the first antibody in which the first human monoclonal antibody that recognizes the HIV-1 p24 antigen is labeled with a labeling substance, and the HIV-1 p24 antigen.
- the second human monoclonal antibody is complexed with a second antibody bound to a substance capable of binding to a solid phase on a solid phase, and an HIV antigen is detected based on the labeled substance contained in the complex.
- a target antigen (HIV-1 p24 antigen) is formed using a sandwich method based on an antigen-antibody reaction of a first antibody and an antigen, and a second antibody and an antigen formed on a solid phase. If it can detect, it will not be limited in particular.
- a detection method using a reagent kit including a first reagent containing a first antibody, a second reagent containing particles as a solid phase, and a third reagent containing a second antibody, HIV-1
- the sample that may contain the p24 antigen, the first reagent, the second reagent, and the third reagent may be mixed in any order.
- the detection method of the present invention preferably comprises the step of first mixing the HIV-1 p24 antigen and the first antibody.
- the antigen and the first antibody are brought into contact to form a complex consisting of the HIV-1 p24 antigen and the first antibody.
- a complex comprising the HIV-1 p24 antigen, the first antibody and the second antibody is formed on the solid phase, and the HIV antigen is detected based on the labeling substance contained in the complex.
- Detecting the HIV antigen in this order can detect the target antigen with higher sensitivity.
- a diagram conceptually showing the case of capturing HIV antigens with the first and second antibodies in this order is shown in FIG.
- a preferred detection method is (A) mixing the HIV-1 p24 antigen and the first reagent to form a complex consisting of the HIV-1 p24 antigen and the first antibody; (B) forming the complex formed in step (a) into particles as a solid phase contained in the second reagent using the second antibody contained in the third reagent, (C) detecting the labeled substance of the first antibody of the complex formed on the particles in the step (b).
- This detection method makes it possible to detect HIV antigens with higher sensitivity.
- the mixture obtained in the mixing step contains a complex consisting of a first antibody-antigen (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "first antibody-antigen complex").
- first antibody-antigen complex simultaneously contacts the second antibody and the particles.
- the second antibody is bound to the complex to form a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex").
- first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex Combine with particles.
- the second antibody binds to the particle and then binds to the first antibody-antigen complex.
- a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex is formed on the particle.
- the second antibody After mixing the mixture obtained in the mixing step and the particles as the solid phase, the second antibody is mixed: In the case of (2), the first antibody-antigen complex in the mixture first contacts the particles. The first antibody-antigen complex has no binding site for the particle. Thus, the first antibody-antigen complex does not bind to the particle. The second antibody is then contacted with the antigen-first antibody complex and the particles. Thus, the second antibody binds to the particle after binding to the antigen-first antibody complex to form a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex. Alternatively, the second antibody binds to the particle and then binds to the antigen-first antibody complex. As a result, a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex is formed on the particles.
- the particles as the solid phase are mixed:
- the first antibody-antigen complex in the mixture is first contacted with the second antibody.
- a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex is formed.
- the first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex contacts the particles.
- the particles are bound to the first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex.
- a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex is formed on the particle.
- the mixture obtained by mixing the particles as the solid phase and the second antibody is mixed with the mixture obtained in the mixing step:
- the second antibody and the particles come in contact with each other.
- the second antibody binds to the particle.
- the first antibody-antigen complex in the mixture is then contacted with the second antibody bound to the particle.
- the second antibody bound to the particle is bound to the first antibody-antigen complex.
- a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex is formed on the particle.
- the first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex is formed after the second antibody not bound to the particles binds to the antigen-first antibody complex to form a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex.
- the first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex is formed.
- the body may be formed on particles.
- step (b) ) Is (B1) It is carried out by mixing the complex formed in step (a), the second reagent and the third reagent, or (B2) After mixing the complex formed in the step (a) and the second reagent, it may be carried out by mixing the third reagent, (B3) After the complex formed in step (a) and the third reagent are mixed, the second reagent is mixed or (b4) after the second reagent and the third reagent are mixed , By mixing the complex formed in step (a).
- step (B1) When mixing the complex formed in step (a), the second reagent and the third reagent:
- the antigen-first antibody complex formed in step (a) simultaneously contacts the second antibody in the third reagent and the particles in the second reagent. This allows the second antibody to bind to the particle after binding to the antigen-first antibody complex to form a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex.
- the second antibody binds to the particle and then binds to the antigen-first antibody complex.
- a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex can be formed on the particle.
- step (B2) When mixing the third reagent after mixing the complex formed in step (a) and the second reagent:
- the antigen-first antibody complex formed in step (a) is contacted with the particles in the second reagent.
- the first antibody and the antigen have no binding site for the particle.
- the antigen-first antibody complex does not bind to the particles.
- the second antibody contained in the third reagent is brought into contact with the antigen-first antibody complex and the particles.
- the second antibody binds to the antigen-first antibody complex to form a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex, and then binds to the particle.
- the second antibody binds to the particle and then binds to the antigen-first antibody complex.
- a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex can be formed on the particle.
- step (B3) When mixing the second reagent after mixing the complex formed in step (a) and the third reagent:
- the antigen-first antibody complex formed in step (a) is brought into contact with the second antibody in the third reagent. Thereby, a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex is formed. Thereafter, the particles contained in the second reagent are brought into contact with the first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex. As a result, a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex can be formed on the particle.
- step (B4) When mixing the complex formed in step (a) after mixing the second reagent and the third reagent: By contacting the second antibody in the third reagent with the particles in the second reagent, all or a part of the second antibody binds to the particles. Then, the antigen-first antibody complex formed in step (a) is mixed with a mixture of a second reagent and a third reagent. Thereby, the second antibody bound to the particle binds to the complex to form a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex on the particle. Alternatively, a second antibody not bound to the particle binds to the antigen-first antibody complex to form a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex, and the complex binds to the particle. As a result, a first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex can be formed on the particle.
- the above first and second antibodies are preferably reacted in excess amount with an antigen which may be contained in the sample, although it depends on the type of antibody used. That is, the concentration of the first and second antibodies in the reaction with the antigen may be preferably 0.01 to 10 ⁇ g / ml, more preferably 0.1 to 5 ⁇ g / ml.
- the above-described HIV detection reagent preferably contains the first and second antibodies at a concentration that can provide such an amount of antibody.
- the magnetic particles are preferably present at a concentration of preferably 0.1 to 20 mg / ml, more preferably 1 to 10 mg 10 / ml.
- the method of detecting the HIV antigen based on the above-mentioned labeling substance can be appropriately selected according to the type of the labeling substance. That is, when the labeling substance is a radioactive isotope, a method of detecting radioactivity using a conventionally known device such as, for example, a scintillation counter can be used. When the labeling substance is a fluorescent substance, a method of detecting fluorescence using a conventionally known device such as a luminometer can be used.
- the above-mentioned labeling substance is an enzyme, and the method is a method of detecting luminescence or coloring obtained by reacting the enzyme with a substrate for the enzyme in the above-mentioned fourth reagent.
- the detection of light emission or color development can be performed using a conventionally known device such as a spectrophotometer or a luminometer.
- the above-mentioned detection method further includes the step of mixing the substrate of the enzyme and the first antibody-antigen-second antibody complex formed on the particles.
- the detection step detects an HIV antigen based on the reaction between the enzyme and the substrate.
- the substrate include the above-mentioned luminescent substrate and chromogenic substrate.
- an HIV antigen can be detected by detecting luminescence or coloring generated by the reaction of an enzyme with the substrate.
- detection is a concept including measurement. Similar to the detection of the standard substance, the measurement of the labeling substance can also be performed using a conventionally known device, depending on the type of the labeling substance. The measured values can also be used to quantify the amount of HIV-1 p24 antigen in the sample by means of a standard curve obtained from a solution containing known concentrations of HIV-1 p24 antigen.
- ALP Alkaline Phosphatase
- ALP-labeled anti-p24 human monoclonal antibody was obtained by reacting another anti-p24 human monoclonal antibody with ALP-maleimide prepared according to a known method.
- the HIV-1 p24 antigen was measured by the sandwich immunoassay method in the following three types of measurement procedures.
- the antibody is antibody buffer (0.1 M MES (2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid) (pH 6.0), 1% bovine serum albumin, 0.15 M NaCl, 0.1% sodium azide) Used to dilute.
- Measurement procedure 1 1) 50 ⁇ L of ALP-labeled anti-p24 monoclonal antibody or ALP-labeled anti-p24 Faba (0.1 U / mL) as a first antibody labeled with a labeling substance in a reaction vessel, HIV-1 p24 antigen solution as a sample (concentration 0 Alternatively, 50 ⁇ L of 325 pg / mL (manufactured by Biomaric) was aliquoted and reacted at 42 ° C. for 2 minutes. 2) 30 ⁇ L of streptavidin magnetic particles (average particle 2 ⁇ m, 5 mg / mL in 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.5)) were added and reacted at 42 ° C.
- Measurement procedure 2 1) 50 ⁇ L of biotin-labeled anti-p24 human monoclonal antibody (0.8 ⁇ g / mL) as a second antibody capable of binding to magnetic particles, and HIV-1 p24 antigen solution as a sample (concentration: 0 or 325 pg / mL) in a reaction vessel ) 50 ⁇ L was aliquoted and reacted at 42 ° C for 2 minutes. 2) 30 ⁇ L of streptavidin magnetic particles (average particle 2 ⁇ m, 5 mg / mL in 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.5)) were added and reacted at 42 ° C. for 2.5 minutes.
- Measurement procedure 3 1) 50 ⁇ L of biotin-labeled anti-p24 monoclonal antibody (0.8 ⁇ g / mL) as a second antibody capable of binding to magnetic particles, and HIV-1 p24 antigen solution as a sample (concentration: 0 or 325 pg / mL) in a reaction vessel 50 ⁇ L was aliquoted and reacted at 42 ° C. for 2 minutes. 2) Streptavidin magnetic particles (average particle 2 ⁇ m, 5 mg / mL in 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.5)) 30 ⁇ L were added, reacted at 42 ° C. for 2.5 minutes, and then magnetically separated.
- Example 1 Using the biotin-labeled anti-p24 antigen human monoclonal antibody (0.8 ⁇ g / mL) prepared in (1) above and the ALP-labeled anti-p24 antigen human monoclonal antibody prepared in (3) above, according to measurement procedure 1 It measured.
- Comparative Example 1 Measurement using the biotin-labeled anti-p24 mouse monoclonal antibody (0.8, 4.0, 8.0 ⁇ g / mL) prepared in (2) above instead of the biotin-labeled anti-p24 antigen human monoclonal antibody of Example 1 The measurement was performed according to Procedure 1.
- the S / N in HIV-1 p24 antigen measurement is higher than the anti-p24 mouse monoclonal antibody when the amount of antibody used is equivalent (0.8 ⁇ g / mL) It can be seen that the ratio and specific signal are nearly five times higher. Also, even at 4.0 ⁇ g / mL, where the anti-p24 mouse monoclonal antibody shows the highest specific signal, the specific signal was 1/2 or less, so HIV-1 p24 with high sensitivity when using the anti-p24 human monoclonal antibody. It can be seen that the antigen can be detected.
- Example 2 The same antibody as in Example 1, that is, the biotin-labeled p24 human monoclonal antibody prepared in (1) above, and the ALP-labeled anti-p24 human monoclonal antibody prepared in (3) above (hereinafter referred to as "IgG-ALP") The measurement was performed in measurement procedure 1 using IgG-ALP.
- Example 3 The measurement was performed in measurement procedure 2 using the same antibody as in Example 2.
- Example 4 Using the same antibody as in Example 2, measurement was performed in measurement procedure 3.
- Example 5 Measurement was performed in accordance with measurement procedure 1 using ALP-labeled anti-p24 Fab '(Fab'-ALP) prepared in (4) above instead of the ALP-labeled anti-p24 human monoclonal antibody of Example 2.
- Example 6 Using the same antibody as in Example 5, measurement was performed in measurement procedure 2.
- Example 7 Using the same antibody as in Example 5, the measurement was performed in measurement procedure 3.
- Example 8 and Comparative Example 2 ALP-labeled anti-p24 antigen human monoclonal antibody prepared in (4) above as the first antibody, and biotin-labeled anti-p24 antigen human monoclonal antibody (0.8 ⁇ g) prepared in (1) above as the second antibody
- the HIV-1 p24 antigen was detected according to the measurement procedure 1 using (mL) and the commercially available HIV seroconversion panel sample HIV-1 Seroconversion Panel BB (PRB 952) (BBI) as a sample .
- Example 8 The results of detection of HIV antigen based on the procedure of Example 8 are shown in Table 4.
- Comparative Example 2 Lumipulse I was measured using the commercially available reagent for detecting HIV-1 p24 antigen, Lumipulse I HIV-1 p24 (registered trademark, manufactured by Fujirebio Co., Ltd.), and the above HIV seroconversion panel sample was measured. The results described in the package insert of HIV-1 p24 are shown.
- Lumipulse I HIV-1 p24 uses an anti-p24 antigen mouse monoclonal antibody as an antibody for detecting HIV-1 p24 antigen.
- an operation of adding a sample processing solution containing polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether as a surfactant to the sample and stirring is performed.
- HIV-1 p24 antigen was detected in Lumipulse I HIV-1 p24 on day 10 after the first blood collection.
- HIV-1 p24 antigen can be detected 7 days after the first blood collection. That is, detection of HIV antigen using the anti-p24 human monoclonal antibody of the present invention of the present invention can detect HIV-1 p24 antigen as early as 3 days than Lumipulse I HIV-1 p24.
- the HIV-1 p24 antigen can be detected with high sensitivity without the pretreatment of the sample as Lumipulse I HIV-1 p24.
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Abstract
Description
1)ヒトモノクローナル抗体を用いるサンドイッチイムノアッセイ法により、HIV-1 p24抗原を高感度に検出できること;及び
2)ヒトモノクローナル抗体を用いることにより、HAMAを含む検体であっても偽陽性を低減できること
を見出し、本発明を完成した。
(1)HIV-1 p24抗原を認識する第1のヒトモノクローナル抗体を標識物質で標識した第1抗体と、固相と、前記固相に結合可能な物質をHIV-1 p24抗原を認識する第2のヒトモノクローナル抗体に結合させた第2抗体と、を含有するHIV抗原検出用試薬;
(2)前記第1抗体を含む第1試薬と、前記固相としての粒子を含む第2試薬と、前記第2抗体を含む第3試薬とを備えた(1)に記載のHIV抗原検出用試薬;
(3)前記標識物質が酵素であり、この酵素の基質を含む第4試薬をさらに備えた(2)に記載のHIV抗原検出用試薬;
(4)前記固相がアビジンまたはストレプトアビジンを保持し、前記固相に結合可能な物質がビオチンである、(1)~(3)の何れか1に記載のHIV抗原検出用試薬;
(5)前記固相が、磁性粒子である、(1)~(4)の何れか1に記載のHIV抗原検出用試薬;
(6)検体に含まれるHIV-1 p24抗原と、HIV-1 p24抗原を認識する第1のヒトモノクローナル抗体を標識物質で標識した第1抗体と、固相に結合可能な物質をHIV-1 p24抗原を認識する第2のヒトモノクローナル抗体に結合させた第2抗体との複合体を固相上に形成し、この複合体に含まれる前記標識物質に基づいてHIV抗原を検出するHIV抗原検出方法;
(7)前記抗原と、前記第1抗体とを混合する工程、前記混合工程で得られた混合物と、前記固相としての粒子と、前記第2抗体とを混合し、前記粒子上に前記複合体を形成する工程、および前記粒子上に形成された前記複合体に含まれる、前記標識物質に基づいてHIV抗原を検出する工程からなる(6)に記載のHIV抗原検出方法;
(8)前記抗原と、前記第1抗体とを混合する第1混合工程、第1混合工程で得られた混合物と、前記固相としての粒子とを混合する第2混合工程、第2混合工程で得られた混合物と、前記第2抗体とを混合し、前記粒子上に前記複合体を形成する工程、および前記粒子上に形成された前記複合体に含まれる、前記標識物質に基づいてHIV抗原を検出する工程からなる(6)に記載のHIV抗原検出方法;
(9)前記抗原と、前記第1抗体とを混合する第1混合工程、第1混合工程で得られた混合物と、前記第2抗体とを混合する第2混合工程、第2混合工程で得られた混合物と、前記固相としての粒子とを混合し、前記粒子上に前記複合体を形成する工程、および前記粒子上に形成された前記複合体に含まれる、前記標識物質に基づいてHIV抗原を検出する工程からなる(6)に記載のHIV抗原検出方法;
(10)前記抗原と、前記第1抗体とを混合する第1混合工程、前記固相としての粒子と、前記第2抗体とを混合する第2混合工程、第1混合工程で得られた混合物と、第2混合工程で得られた混合物とを混合し、前記粒子上に前記複合体を形成する工程、および前記粒子上に形成された前記複合体に含まれる、前記標識物質に基づいてHIV抗原を検出する工程からなる(6)に記載のHIV抗原検出方法;
(11)前記標識物質が酵素であり、この酵素の基質と、前記粒子上に形成された前記複合体とを混合する工程を備え、前記検出工程は前記酵素と前記基質の反応に基づいてHIV抗原を検出する(7)~(10)の何れか1に記載のHIV抗原検出方法;
(12)前記基質が、発光基質または発色基質であり、前記検出工程は前記酵素と前記基質の反応によって生じる発光または発色を検出することによりHIV抗原を検出する(11)に記載のHIV抗原検出方法;
(13)前記固相が、磁性粒子である、(6)~(12)の何れか1に記載のHIV抗原検出方法
を提供する。
図1に、該試薬キットの第1試薬、第2試薬及び第3試薬の模式図を示す。第1試薬には第1抗体、第2試薬には固相としての粒子、及び第3試薬に第2抗体がそれぞれ含まれている。
(1)HIVに感染した患者のリンパ球と、マウスミエローマ細胞とを融合させる。次に、目的のモノクローナル抗体を産生するハイブリドーマを選択する。そして、選択されたハイブリドーマにより産生させることにより抗体を得る方法;
(2)ヒト型免疫グロブリンを産生できる哺乳動物(例えばXENOMOUSE(登録商標))をHIV-1 p24抗原で免疫することにより目的の抗体を得る方法;
(3)HIV感染患者の血液から採取したBリンパ球にエプスタイン-バーウイルスを感染させる。次に、目的の抗体を産生するBリンパ球をスクリーニングする。そして、スクリーニングされたBリンパ球をクローニングすることにより得られる、目的抗体産生遺伝子をCHO(チャイニーズハムスター卵巣)細胞などの哺乳動物細胞に導入して、目的抗体を得る方法;
などが挙げられる。また、市販品として入手することもできる。具体例としては、Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 86, pp.1624-1628, 1989に記載されているHIV-1 p24抗原を認識するヒトモノクローナル抗体や、バイオマリック社(BioMARIC、ベルギー)から入手できるHIV-1 p24抗原を認識するヒトモノクローナル抗体などが挙げられる。
酵素としては、例えばアルカリホスファターゼ、ペルオキシダーゼ、グルコースオキシダーゼ、チロシナーゼ、酸性ホスファターゼなどが挙げられる。蛍光物質としては、フルオレセインイソチオシアネート(FITC)、グリーン蛍光タンパク質(GFP)、ルシフェリンなどが挙げられる。放射性同位元素としては、125I、14C、32Pなどが挙げられる。
上記の標識物質は酵素が好ましく、特に好ましくはアルカリホスファターゼ(ALP)である。
上記の固相結合用物質と結合物質は、HIV-1 p24抗原の検出方法が行われる条件下で、特異的に結合できる物質の組み合わせであれば特に限定されない。これらの組み合わせとしては、例えばビオチンとアビジン又はストレプトアビジン、ハプテンと抗ハプテン抗体、ニッケルとヒスチジンタグ、グルタチオンとグルタチオン-S-トランスフェラーゼなどが挙げられる。ハプテンと抗ハプテン抗体としては、例えばジニトロフェノール(DNP)と抗DNP抗体が挙げられる。
ここで、固相結合用物質と結合物質の組み合わせは、上記の特異的に結合できる物質の組み合わせから選択されればよく、特に限定されない。例えば、固相結合用物質がビオチンを含む場合、結合物質はアビジン又はストレプトアビジンである。逆に、固相結合用物質がアビジン又はストレプトアビジンを含む場合、結合物質はビオチンである。ここで、好ましくは、固相結合用物質がビオチンを含み、結合物質がアビジン又はストレプトアビジンである。言い換えると、第2抗体がビオチンを結合させた抗体であり、固相がアビジン又はストレプトアビジンを保持させた固相であることが好ましい。
(1)磁性粒子の表面がポリマーやタンパク質などで被覆された磁性粒子;
(2)磁性粒子の表面からカルボキシル基が露出した磁性粒子;
(3)磁性を有する基材が樹脂中に分散した構成を有する磁性粒子;
などが挙げられる。これらの磁性粒子は、上述の結合物質を、容易に保持することができる。
例えば、磁性粒子にアビジン又はストレプトアビジンを保持させる場合、表面にカルボキシル基が露出した磁性粒子を用い、化学反応により磁性粒子にアビジン又はストレプトアビジンを保持させることができる。より具体的には、水溶性カルボジイミドなどの脱水縮合剤の存在下に、アビジンまたはストレプトアビジンの分子中のアミノ基を、粒子本体の表面に露出するカルボキシル基に反応させてアミド結合を形成することにより、アビジン又はストレプトアビジンを磁性粒子に保持させることができる。また、磁性粒子の表面がポリマーやタンパク質などの物質で被覆されている場合、アビジンまたはストレプトアビジンを、該物質に化学結合や分子間力を用いて結合させることで、固相に保持させることができる。また、磁性を有する基材が樹脂中に分散した構成を有する磁性粒子の場合、アビジンまたはストレプトアビジンを、該樹脂に化学結合や分子間力を用いて結合させることで、固相に保持させることができる。
適切な溶媒としては、HIV-1 p24抗原の検出を妨げない溶媒であれば特に限定されない。例えば、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)、トリエタノールアミン塩酸塩緩衝液(TEA)、トリス塩酸緩衝液(Tris-HCl)などを用いることができる。
第1試薬、第2試薬及び第3試薬のpHは、6.0~10.0程度が好ましい。
また、上記のHIV検出用試薬中の固相が磁性粒子である場合、HIV検出用試薬は、好ましくは0.1~20mg/ml、より好ましくは1~10mg/mlの磁性粒子を含有することが好ましい。
よって、例えば、第1抗体を含む第1試薬と、固相としての粒子を含む第2試薬と、第2抗体を含む第3試薬とを含む試薬キットを用いた検出方法の場合、HIV-1 p24抗原を含む可能性がある検体、第1試薬、第2試薬、及び第3試薬は、いずれの順序で混合してもよい。
(a)HIV-1 p24抗原と第1試薬とを混合して、HIV-1 p24抗原と第1抗体とからなる複合体を形成させる工程と、
(b)工程(a)で形成した複合体を、第3試薬に含まれる第2抗体を用いて、第2試薬に含まれる固相としての粒子に形成する工程と、
(c)工程(b)で前記粒子上に形成された前記複合体の、第1抗体の標識物質を検出する工程とを含む。この検出方法により、より高い感度でHIV抗原を検出することができる。
混合工程で得られた混合物には第1抗体-抗原からなる複合体(以下、「第1抗体-抗原複合体」という場合がある)が含まれている。(1)の場合、第1抗体-抗原複合体は、第2抗体と粒子に、同時に接触する。第2抗体は、該複合体と結合して第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体からなる複合体(以下、「第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体」という場合がある)を形成した後に、粒子と結合する。又は、第2抗体は、粒子と結合した後に、第1抗体-抗原複合体と結合する。結果として、第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体が粒子上に形成される。
(2)の場合、混合物中の第1抗体-抗原複合体は、最初に粒子と接触する。第1抗体-抗原複合体は、粒子との結合部位を有さない。従って、第1抗体-抗原複合体は、粒子に結合しない。次いで、第2抗体を、抗原-第1抗体複合体と粒子に接触させる。これにより、第2抗体は、抗原-第1抗体複合体と結合して第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体を形成した後に、粒子と結合する。又は、第2抗体は、粒子と結合した後に、抗原-第1抗体複合体と結合する。結果として、粒子上に第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体が粒子上に形成される。
(3)の場合、混合物中の第1抗体-抗原複合体は、最初に第2抗体と接触する。これにより、第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体が形成される。その後、第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体は、粒子と接触する。これにより、第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体と粒子が結合する。結果として、第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体が粒子上に形成される。
(4)の場合、まず、第2抗体と粒子とが接触する。これにより、第2抗体は、粒子に結合する。次いで、混合物中の第1抗体-抗原複合体と、粒子に結合した第2抗体とが接触する。これにより、粒子に結合した第2抗体と、第1抗体-抗原複合体とが結合する。結果として、第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体が粒子上に形成される。また、粒子に結合していない第2抗体が、抗原-第1抗体複合体と結合して第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体を形成した後に、第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体が粒子上に形成される場合もある。
(b1)工程(a)で形成した複合体と第2試薬と第3試薬とを混合することにより行われるか、
(b2)工程(a)で形成した複合体と第2試薬とを混合した後に、第3試薬を混合することにより行われるか、
(b3)工程(a)で形成した複合体と第3試薬とを混合した後に、第2試薬を混合することにより行われるか、又は
(b4)第2試薬と第3試薬とを混合した後に、工程(a)で形成した複合体を混合することにより行われる。
(b1)工程(a)で形成した複合体と第2試薬と第3試薬とを混合させる場合:
工程(a)で形成した抗原-第1抗体複合体は、第3試薬中の第2抗体と第2試薬中の粒子とに、同時に接触する。このことにより、第2抗体は、抗原-第1抗体複合体と結合して第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体を形成した後に、粒子と結合する。又は、第2抗体は、粒子と結合してから抗原-第1抗体複合体と結合する。結果として、粒子上に第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体を形成することができる。
工程(a)で形成した抗原-第1抗体複合体を第2試薬中の粒子と接触させる。この場合、第1抗体及び抗原は、粒子との結合部位を有さない。従って、抗原-第1抗体複合体は、粒子に結合しない。次いで、第3試薬に含まれる第2抗体を、抗原-第1抗体複合体と粒子に接触させる。これにより、第2抗体は、抗原-第1抗体複合体と結合して第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体を形成した後、粒子と結合する。又は、第2抗体は、粒子と結合した後、抗原-第1抗体複合体と結合する。結果として、粒子上に第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体を形成することができる。
工程(a)で形成した抗原-第1抗体複合体と第3試薬中の第2抗体とを接触させる。これにより、第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体が形成される。その後、第2試薬に含まれる粒子を、第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体に接触させる。結果として、第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体を粒子上に形成することができる。
第3試薬中の第2抗体と第2試薬中の粒子とを接触させることにより、第2抗体の全量又は一部分は、粒子に結合する。次いで、工程(a)で形成した抗原-第1抗体複合体を、第2試薬及び第3試薬の混合物と混合する。これにより、粒子に結合した第2抗体が該複合体と結合して、粒子上に第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体を形成する。又は、粒子に結合していない第2抗体が、抗原-第1抗体複合体と結合して第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体を形成し、この複合体が粒子と結合する。結果として、粒子上に第1抗体-抗原-第2抗体複合体を形成することができる。
また、上記の固相が磁性粒子である場合、磁性粒子は、好ましくは0.1~20mg/ml、より好ましくは1~10mg10/mlの濃度で存在することが好ましい。
実施例1~7及び比較例1で用いた試薬の作製方法について説明する。
(1)ビオチン標識抗p24ヒトモノクローナル抗体の作製
バイオマリック社(BioMARIC、ベルギー)より、認識部位の異なる2種類の抗p24ヒトモノクローナル抗体を入手した。入手した2種類のうちの1つの抗p24ヒトモノクローナル抗体を、公知の方法に従って調製されたビオチン-マレイミドと反応させることにより、ビオチン標識抗p24ヒトモノクローナル抗体を得た。
バイオマリック社(BioMARIC、ベルギー)より、抗p24マウスモノクローナル抗体を入手した。抗p24マウスモノクローナル抗体を、公知の方法に従って調製されたビオチン-マレイミドと反応させることにより、ビオチン標識抗p24マウスモノクローナル抗体を得た。
バイオマリック社(BioMARIC、ベルギー)より入手した認識部位の異なる2種類の抗p24ヒトモノクローナル抗体のうち、(1)でビオチン標識した抗体とは別の抗p24ヒトモノクローナル抗体を、公知の方法に従って調製されたALP-マレイミドと反応させることにより、ALP標識抗p24ヒトモノクローナル抗体を得た。
上記(3)でALP標識するために選択した抗体と同じ抗p24ヒトモノクローナル抗体を、常法に従ってペプシン消化してFab’を調製した後、(3)と同様にALP-マレイミドと反応させることにより、ALP標識抗p24Fab’を得た。
なお、以下の手順において、抗体は抗体緩衝液(0.1M MES(2-モルホリノエタンスルホン酸)(pH 6.0)、1%ウシ血清アルブミン、0.15M NaCl、0.1%アジ化ナトリウム)を用いて希釈した。
1) 反応容器に、標識物質で標識された第1抗体として、ALP標識抗p24モノクローナル抗体又はALP標識抗p24Fab’(0.1U/mL)50μLと、試料としてのHIV-1p24抗原溶液(濃度0又は325pg/mL、バイオマリック社製)50μLを分注し、42℃で2分間反応させた。
2) ストレプトアビジン磁性粒子(平均粒子2μm、20mMリン酸ナトリウム緩衝液(pH 7.5)中に5mg/mL)30μLを加え、42℃で2.5分間反応させた。
3) 磁性粒子に結合可能な第2抗体として、上記のビオチン標識抗p24ヒトモノクローナル抗体(0.8μg/mL)50μLを分注し、42℃で2.5分間反応させた後、磁気分離した。
4) 洗浄液(0.01M MES(pH 6.5)、0.1%アジ化ナトリウム)100~700μLを加えて撹拌し、磁気分離した。この洗浄操作を計4回行った。
5) 分散液(0.01M MES(pH 6.5)、0.1%アジ化ナトリウム)50μLを加えて撹拌し、ストレプトアビジン磁性粒子を分散した。
6) 発光基質液(CDP-Star, Applied Biosystems社)100μLを加えて撹拌し、42℃で5分間反応させ、ルミノメータで発光強度を測定した。
1) 反応容器に、磁性粒子に結合可能な第2抗体としてのビオチン標識抗p24ヒトモノクローナル抗体(0.8μg/mL)50μLと、試料としてのHIV-1p24抗原溶液(濃度:0又は325pg/mL)50μLとを分注し、42℃で2分間反応させた。
2) ストレプトアビジン磁性粒子(平均粒子2μm、20mMリン酸ナトリウム緩衝液(pH 7.5)中に5mg/mL)30μLを加え、42℃で2.5分間反応させた。
3) 標識物質で標識された第1抗体として、ALP標識抗p24モノクローナル抗体又はALP標識抗p24Fab’(0.1U/mL)50μLを加えて、42℃で2.5分間反応させた後、磁気分離した。
4) 洗浄液100~700μLを加えて撹拌し、磁気分離した。この洗浄操作を計4回行った。
5) 分散液50μLを加えて撹拌し、ストレプトアビジン磁性粒子を分散した。
6) 発光基質液(CDP-Star, Applied Biosystems社)100μLを加えて撹拌し、42℃で5分間反応させ、ルミノメータで発光強度を測定した。
1) 反応容器に、磁性粒子に結合可能な第2抗体としてのビオチン標識抗p24モノクローナル抗体(0.8μg/mL)50μLと、試料としてのHIV-1p24抗原溶液(濃度:0又は325pg/mL)50μLとを分注し、42℃で2分間反応させた。
2) ストレプトアビジン磁性粒子(平均粒子2μm、20mMリン酸ナトリウム緩衝液(pH7.5)中に5mg/mL)30μLを加え、42℃で2.5分間反応させた後、磁気分離した。
3) 洗浄液100~700μLを加えて撹拌し、磁気分離した。この洗浄操作を計4回行った。
4) 標識物質で標識された第1抗体として、ALP標識抗p24モノクローナル抗体又はALP標識抗p24Fab’(0.1U/mL)を50μL加えて、42℃で2.5分間反応させた後、磁気分離した。
5) 洗浄液100~700μLを加えて撹拌し、磁気分離した。この洗浄操作を計4回行った。
6) 分散液50μLを加えて撹拌し、ストレプトアビジン磁性粒子を分散した。
7) 発光基質液(CDP-Star, Applied Biosystems社)100μLを加えて撹拌し、42℃で5分間反応させ、ルミノメータで発光強度を測定した。
上記の(1)で調製したビオチン標識抗p24抗原ヒトモノクローナル抗体(0.8μg/mL)と、上記の(3)で調製したALP標識抗p24抗原ヒトモノクローナル抗体とを用いて、測定手順1に従って測定を行った。
実施例1のビオチン標識抗p24抗原ヒトモノクローナル抗体の代わりに、上記の(2)で調製したビオチン標識抗p24マウスモノクローナル抗体(0.8、4.0、8.0μg/mL)を用いて測定手順1に従い測定を行った。
実施例1と同様の抗体、すなわち上記の(1)で調製したビオチン標識p24ヒトモノクローナル抗体と、上記の(3)で調製したALP標識抗p24ヒトモノクローナル抗体(以下、「IgG-ALP」という)とを用いて、測定手順1で測定を実施した。
実施例2と同じ抗体を用いて、測定手順2で測定を実施した。
実施例2と同じ抗体を用いて、測定手順3で測定を実施した。
実施例2のALP標識抗p24ヒトモノクローナル抗体の代わりに、上記の(4)で調製したALP標識抗p24Fab’(Fab’-ALP)を用いて測定手順1で測定を実施した。
実施例5と同じ抗体を用い、測定手順2で測定を実施した。
実施例5と同じ抗体を用い、測定手順3で測定を実施した。
第1抗体としての、上記の(4)で調製したALP標識抗p24抗原ヒトモノクローナル抗体と、第2抗体としての、上記の(1)で調製したビオチン標識抗p24抗原ヒトモノクローナル抗体(0.8μg/mL)と、試料としての、市販のHIVセロコンバージョンパネル検体であるHIV-1 Seroconversion Panel BB(PRB952)(BBI社)とを用いて、測定手順1に従ってHIV-1 p24抗原の検出を行った。
Claims (13)
- HIV-1 p24抗原を認識する第1のヒトモノクローナル抗体を標識物質で標識した第1抗体と、
固相と、
前記固相に結合可能な物質をHIV-1 p24抗原を認識する第2のヒトモノクローナル抗体に結合させた第2抗体と、
を含有するHIV抗原検出用試薬。 - 前記第1抗体を含む第1試薬と、前記固相としての粒子を含む第2試薬と、前記第2抗体を含む第3試薬とを備えた請求項1に記載のHIV抗原検出用試薬。
- 前記標識物質が酵素であり、この酵素の基質を含む第4試薬をさらに備えた請求項2に記載のHIV抗原検出用試薬。
- 前記固相がアビジンまたはストレプトアビジンを保持し、前記固相に結合可能な物質がビオチンである、請求項1に記載のHIV抗原検出用試薬。
- 前記固相が、磁性粒子である、請求項1に記載のHIV抗原検出用試薬。
- 検体に含まれるHIV-1 p24抗原と、HIV-1 p24抗原を認識する第1のヒトモノクローナル抗体を標識物質で標識した第1抗体と、固相に結合可能な物質をHIV-1 p24抗原を認識する第2のヒトモノクローナル抗体に結合させた第2抗体との複合体を固相上に形成し、この複合体に含まれる前記標識物質に基づいてHIV抗原を検出するHIV抗原検出方法。
- 前記抗原と、前記第1抗体とを混合する工程、
前記混合工程で得られた混合物と、前記固相としての粒子と、前記第2抗体とを混合し、前記粒子上に前記複合体を形成する工程、および
前記粒子上に形成された前記複合体に含まれる、前記標識物質に基づいてHIV抗原を検出する工程からなる請求項6に記載のHIV抗原検出方法。 - 前記抗原と、前記第1抗体とを混合する第1混合工程、
第1混合工程で得られた混合物と、前記固相としての粒子とを混合する第2混合工程、
第2混合工程で得られた混合物と、前記第2抗体とを混合し、前記粒子上に前記複合体を形成する工程、および
前記粒子上に形成された前記複合体に含まれる、前記標識物質に基づいてHIV抗原を検出する工程からなる請求項6に記載のHIV抗原検出方法。 - 前記抗原と、前記第1抗体とを混合する第1混合工程、
第1混合工程で得られた混合物と、前記第2抗体とを混合する第2混合工程、
第2混合工程で得られた混合物と、前記固相としての粒子とを混合し、前記粒子上に前記複合体を形成する工程、および
前記粒子上に形成された前記複合体に含まれる、前記標識物質に基づいてHIV抗原を検出する工程からなる請求項6に記載のHIV抗原検出方法。 - 前記抗原と、前記第1抗体とを混合する第1混合工程、
前記固相としての粒子と、前記第2抗体とを混合する第2混合工程、
第1混合工程で得られた混合物と、第2混合工程で得られた混合物とを混合し、前記粒子上に前記複合体を形成する工程、および
前記粒子上に形成された前記複合体に含まれる、前記標識物質に基づいてHIV抗原を検出する工程からなる請求項6に記載のHIV抗原検出方法。 - 前記標識物質が酵素であり、この酵素の基質と、前記粒子上に形成された前記複合体とを混合する工程を備え、前記検出工程は前記酵素と前記基質の反応に基づいてHIV抗原を検出する請求項7に記載のHIV抗原検出方法。
- 前記基質が、発光基質または発色基質であり、前記検出工程は前記酵素と前記基質の反応によって生じる発光または発色を検出することによりHIV抗原を検出する請求項11に記載のHIV抗原検出方法。
- 前記固相が、磁性粒子である、請求項6に記載のHIV抗原検出方法。
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CN200880122734.XA CN101910843A (zh) | 2007-12-28 | 2008-12-04 | 检测hiv-1抗原用试剂及其检测方法 |
US12/745,834 US20100261156A1 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2008-12-04 | Reagent for detecting hiv-1 antigen and detection method |
EP08866532A EP2239575A4 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2008-12-04 | REAGENT FOR DETECTING HIV-1 ANTIGEN AND DETECTION METHOD |
JP2009547966A JPWO2009084369A1 (ja) | 2007-12-28 | 2008-12-04 | Hiv−1抗原の検出用試薬及び検出方法 |
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JP2011047788A (ja) * | 2009-08-27 | 2011-03-10 | Sysmex Corp | 免疫測定用粒子懸濁液及び免疫測定用試薬キット |
JP2013524814A (ja) * | 2010-04-21 | 2013-06-20 | ナノマー, インコーポレイテッド | 試料からの低濃度の細菌の抽出 |
JP2016156673A (ja) * | 2015-02-24 | 2016-09-01 | 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ | 自動分析装置および分析方法 |
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CN102353782A (zh) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-02-15 | 上海华谷生物技术有限公司 | 抗人肾损伤分子1的体外诊断试剂盒及检测方法 |
CN108982832A (zh) * | 2018-09-28 | 2018-12-11 | 蓝怡科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种免疫诊断用检测装置 |
CN111879923A (zh) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-03 | 深圳科隆生物新材料有限公司 | 一种可消除hama效应的试剂盒 |
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US20100261156A1 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
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