WO2008144950A1

WO2008144950A1 - Flexible card clothing

Info

Publication number: WO2008144950A1
Application number: PCT/CH2008/000230
Authority: WO
Inventors: Götz Theodor GRESSER; Werner Hirschle; Thomas Brose
Original assignee: Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag
Priority date: 2007-06-01
Filing date: 2008-05-23
Publication date: 2008-12-04
Also published as: CH699275B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a flexible card clothing comprising a backing fabric (13) and hooks (14) which are retained within the backing fabric (13), are formed from wire, penetrate the backing fabric (13) from one side, and project from the backing fabric (13) at a specific angle (α) on the other side. The hooks (14) have a knee (15) outside the backing fabric (13), said knee (15) subdividing the hooks (14) into a bottom part and a top tooth. The hooks (14) have a total height (h) of 4 to 7 mm, said total height (h) being measured perpendicular to the backing fabric (13) and with the inclusion of the thickness (d) of the backing fabric (13), while the top tooth above the knee (15) has a length (l) of 1.0 to 2.5 mm.

Description

Flexible set

The invention relates to a flexible set and a revolving lid of a revolving flat card with a flexible clothing strip.

In cotton processing, the cotton fibers, after their cleaning and opening into fiber flakes in the so-called blowroom, worked up in a card and parallelized. Various so-called trimmings are used. The fiber flakes are fed via a feed chute to a licker-in, which transfers the fibers to the card drum. The fibers are carded over several revolutions of the carding drum, ie the fibers are parallelized and aligned. For this process, the card drum opposite to so-called lid attached in the form of fixed or revolving lid. On the covers trimmings are provided, which work together with the existing on the card drum trimmings. This cooperation leads to the longitudinal orientation of the fibers. The carded drums usually use so-called all-steel or sawtooth sets. In contrast, the lids are partially provided with flexible trimmings, especially the revolving lids. The flexible trimmings attached to the lids are referred to as Gamitur strips. Such a clothing strip is characterized in that by the, held in a carrier fabric, flexible hook which a certain flexibility in itself have a fiber-friendly carding is possible.

GB 907 531 discloses a clothing in which the needles are divided into three parts. Once the holding part, which is responsible for the fixation of the needle in the carrier fabric, further comprises a central part, which represents the protruding from the carrier fabric part. At the upper end of the middle part follows a so-called working part, which is identical to the so-called upper tooth. The middle part is made very long, namely up to six times as long as the working part, respectively the upper tooth. As a result, a very high flexibility of the individual Gamiturnadeln is achieved, which means that a gentle treatment of the fibers can be achieved. Do the fibers in the carding process only slight resistance, be it through a Nisse or by hooking, gives the Garningurnadel and pivots out of the Gamiturbereich. The arrangement of the needles themselves also makes a major contribution to this phenomenon, in that they protrude from the carrier fabric at an angle of less than 45 °. A disadvantage of this type of flexible clothing is the very high flexibility of the individual needles. Already by a very small force, the needle is pushed backwards and releases the fiber. In addition, needles of this length are susceptible to permanent deformation. Due to the oblique arrangement of the needles and the large length of the hook has the disadvantage that only a slight parallelization of the fibers is achieved in a single sweeping the nonwoven fabric by the gentle operation. The carding process becomes time consuming if high quality carding is to be achieved.

The document JP-OS-53-78334 discloses a lid-needle cloth for cards, which are used in the carding of man-made fibers (synthetic fibers). According to Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 53-78334, the disclosed embodiment of a lidded needle punch cloth is unsuitable for carding cotton. The font shows a loading of the carrier fabric with needles or hooks from 6.5 to 8.0 mm in length. The hooks are provided with a knee, which means that the individual needle tips are bent after emerging from the carrier fabric. Above this knee, one speaks of the upper tooth; in the clothing disclosed in JP-OS-53-78334, the upper tooth has a length of 3.0 mm in length.

The flexible trimmings used today in carding processes, in particular in revolving lids, are constructed substantially as follows: Several layers of plastic or natural fabrics are connected to one another to form a carrier fabric. In general, the carrier fabric is provided in a first step with fine holes. The arrangement of the holes corresponds to the later assembly with hooks. The hooks (also called needles) are formed from a wire into a U-shaped, agraffenike, element and inserted through the prepared holes in the carrier fabric. The protruding hooks on the opposite side are then provided with a so-called knee and ground. The wire used for the hook differs in shape depending on the type of garnish to be produced. In this case, the use of biconvex wire has proved advantageous for flexible trimmings. However, it is also possible to manufacture the hooks from round wire or wire with a rectangular, triangular or ovoid cross-section. The various wire forms are summarized in ISO standard 4105 "Textile Machinery and Accessories - Wires for flexible card clothings" summarized and scaled in their dimensions today is preferably biconvex wire or a lying between the biconvex and the ovoid cross-sectional shape wire for producing the The flexible sets thus fabricated have an overall height (hook height measured perpendicular to the carrier fabric including the thickness of the carrier fabric) of 7 mm or more and the upper tooth has a length of 3 mm or more The trimmings produced in this way are applied in strips to the carrier bodies of revolving lids, which are installed opposite the carding drum in a revolving flat card.

Amazingly, a shortening of the upper tooth compared to earlier unexpectedly also in the carding of cotton or blends of cotton and man-made fibers to improve the carding quality. Contrary to expectations from the disclosure of JP-OS-53-78334, a reduction in the overall height of the hooks as well as the shortening of the length of the upper tooth compared to earlier sets used to improve the carding quality, even with cotton fibers. Thus, the trimmings used today in the carding of cotton and blends comply with the specifications in JP-OS-53-78334.

The relationships of a carding process will be explained briefly with reference to FIG. 3 at this point:

Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a carding process between a drum set 24 and a revolving lid with a flexible clothing 13, 14. The direction of rotation of the card drum is indicated by the arrow 25. The revolving lid is moved in direction 23. If the movement of the moving lid in the same direction as the card drum, it should be noted that the drum set 24 much is moved faster than the flexible clothing 13, 14, with the result that the direction of movement 23 of the traveling lid for the explanations is not important. The recorded from the drum set 24 fibers 22 are passed on the revolving lid, respectively the flexible clothing 13,14. Due to the friction between the clothing 14 and the fibers 22 first individual fibers 22 remain at the

Needle tips hang. They serve as aids for trapping of interfering particles such as leaf parts 26, dust particles 27, stem parts 28, shell parts 29 and fiber pads 30. A complete set of the set 14 is determined, inter alia, by the execution of the set 14. The revolving lid basically fulfill four functions, they are the Dissolve fiber flakes down to the individual fiber, eliminate the interference particles, dissolve the fibers and parallelize and orient the fibers. Since, as described above, an excretion of dirt particles takes place only after the absorption of individual fibers, it is also necessary to reduce the intake of individual fibers if the raw material has little contamination. The inclusion of individual fibers in turn depends on the position of the trimmings to each other and the clothing design. If a single fiber sticks to a hook, on the one hand the hook is pulled in the direction of movement of the card drum and on the other hand, the fiber is drawn along the hook in the clothing. The resulting distribution of forces is influenced by the inclination of the hooks in the carrier fabric and the opening angle of the knee in the hook. The further the hook yields in the direction of rotation of the card drum, the more likely the fiber slips over the tip of the hook and is all the less driven into the clothing. There is thus also a relationship between the flexibility, respectively the flexibility of the hook, the length of the upper tooth, the inclination of the hook, the opening angle of the knee and the consequent force distribution at the tip of the hook.

Improvements in the cleaning of cotton in the blow-room and an increase in performance in the entire cotton processing sector over the last few years have made the demands on the quality of carding ever greater. The use of today's high-performance tarpaulins and the improvements in the cleaning facilities lead to the fact that today Trimmings in relation to the achieved dirt excretion is to take a high fiber damage in purchasing. A high rate of soil removal in traveling lids has the disadvantage that a deep carding must be done, that is, many fibers are added to the clothing to achieve a high degree of dirt.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of today's sets and provide a set, which on the one hand gives a high quality of carding at an optimized low damage to the fibers and on the other hand allows gentle processing of cotton fibers and blends of cotton and man-made fibers.

An inventive solution of the problem is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 8. The object is achieved in that the execution of the trimmings are adapted to the possibilities that have resulted from the new technologies. The requirements of the trimmings according to the invention are adapted to the properties of the raw material presented such that today's improvements in cotton processing can be exploited before carding to achieve a higher quality of the final product. In these aspects, the object is achieved by a flexible clothing with a carrier fabric and hooks held in the carrier fabric. The hooks used in the design according to the invention of the flexible clothing have an overall height (hook height measured perpendicular to the carrier fabric, including the thickness of the carrier fabric) of 4 to 7 mm, preferably 4 to 6 mm. The upper tooth has a length of 1.0 to 2.5 mm, preferably 1.2 to 2 mm. Particularly preferred is the execution of the hook with a total height of 6 mm and a length of the upper tooth of 1.4 mm.

If the upper tooth of a hook is made longer or the hook made of bending-resistant wire, more fibers are added to the clothing, which ultimately leads to an increased dirt removal. Increasing the inclination of the hooks tends to soften the carding force, which in turn is caused by long upper teeth can be compensated. This has meant that sets have been designed to date under the aspects of high soil excretion, a good resolution of the fiber flakes in individual fibers and a good Nissenauflösung. In a very short set the disadvantage of a low dirt absorption capacity was seen, which tends to have led to longer hooks.

When using high-performance cards a low occupancy is driven to achieve high quality on the card drum, that is, the cleaning of the fibers is to take over only a small part of the revolving lids, which requires a carding on the surface according to the above. This means that penetration of fibers into the flexible clothing should be kept as low as possible. This is achieved by the use of an inventive set with a carrier fabric and hooks held therein, which are formed of wire and the carrier fabric pierced from one side and on the other side at an angle α protrude from the carrier fabric, the hook outside of the

Carrier fabric have a knee which divides the hook into a lower part and an upper tooth. The hooks have a measured perpendicular to the carrier fabric, and the thickness of the carrier tissue enclosing, total height of 4 to 7 mm, preferably 4 to 6 mm, and the upper tooth has a length of 1.0 to 2.5 mm, preferably 1.2 to 2 mm above the knee. The ratio of the length of the upper tooth to the total height of the hook has proved to be advantageous to 0.15 to 0.35-fold.

A further improvement can be achieved if the increased bending stiffness due to the shortening of the hooks is compensated by the use of finer wires. The hooks made of biconvex or a variant between the biconvex and the ovoid cross-sectional shape are preferably made of wire with the wire numbers 30/35 or 32/36, which corresponds to an increase of the wire number by two subtleties compared to the wires used today. The wire number is a dimension specified in the ISO standard 4105 for wires of flexible sets for cards, the wire number 30/35 corresponds to a wire cross-section of 0.355 mm x 0.23 mm and the Wire number 32/36 for biconvex wire with a wire cross-section of 0.305 mm x 0.205 mm.

It turns out that the higher wire number and the shortening of the hook height a significant weight reduction and material savings compared to conventional sets can be achieved. Whereby, above all, the weight saving on the wear and the operating characteristics of the revolving flat aggregate has a positive effect.

The angle α under which the hooks pierce the carrier fabric is in

To see interaction with the angle ß enclosed by the knee. It has been found that for the angle α, a range of 70 ° to 85 ° and for the angle ß a range of 100 ° to 150 ° is preferable. The two angles are to be chosen in their combination so that an operating angle ε results in a range of 70 ° to 85 °. The working angle is the angle between the horizontal and the underside of the upper tooth.

In the following the invention will be explained with reference to exemplary embodiments and explained in more detail by figures:

Figure 1 Schematic simplified representation of a revolving flat card

Figure 2 Schematic representation of a revolving flat bar with associated

Gamiturstreifen

Figure 3 Schematic representation of a carding between a drum set and a flexible set

FIG. 4 Cross-section through a clothing strip with flexible according to the invention

set

Figure 5 Schematic representation of a hook during the carding process

Figure 6 Enlarged view of a single hook Figure 7 View of a single tip of Figure 5 in different phases of wear. 1 shows an arrangement of a card according to the current state of the art, in particular a revolving flat card 1 with an upstream hopper 2. The fibers are transferred as fiber flakes via the hopper 2 to the licker-in 3, which in turn forwards the fibers to the carding drum 4. Above the card drum 4, a decklid set 5 is arranged. The traveling lids 10 are moved away on a chain or belt around the deflection rollers 6 over the card drum surface. The movement of the revolving lid 10 can take place, depending on the embodiment, counter to the direction of rotation or with the direction of rotation of the card drum 4. The carding work is done mainly by the revolving lid 10. The carding-oriented fibers are removed by the pickup 7 from the card drum 4 and fed to a fiber band forming device 8. The nonwoven fabric is combined into a card sliver 9 by the sliver-forming device and forwarded to the next machine unit, for example to a sliver deposit or conveyor (not shown).

Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a revolving flat bar 10 with the associated clothing strip 12. The clothing strip 12 is attached to the support body 11 by suitable means, such as clips. The clothing strip 12 itself consists of a carrier fabric 13 and held in this hook 14. As seen in Figure 1, a plurality of such revolving flat bars 10 is assembled into a decklid set 5. From the cooperation of the card drum 4 with the oppositely arranged moving lids 10, respectively, the two sets results in the quality of the carding. It is also crucial how the hooks 14 are arranged on the carrier fabric 13 and how the hooks 14 behave in interaction with the cotton or man-made fibers.

FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a clothing strip 12 with a flexible clothing according to the invention. The hooks 14 penetrate the carrier fabric 13 and project at an angle α out of this. Such Gamiturstreifen 12 has a certain width b, wherein the length of Gamiturstreifens 12 corresponds to the working width of the card drum 4. The thickness d of the carrier fabric 13 is Usually about 3 mm, whereby carrier fabric 13 can be used with other dimensions.

The thickness d of the carrier fabric 13 is mainly used to attach the hook 14 on the support section 11 of the flat bar 10. The hooks 14 are provided on their protruding part with a knee 15, that is, after the insertion of the hook 14 through the carrier fabric 13 are the outer Ends the hooks 14 bent. The heights and lengths of the hooks 14 are measured perpendicular to the bearing surface of the supporting body 11 of the revolving flat bar 10, respectively perpendicular to the surface of the carrier fabric, despite the oblique and angled construction. The knee 15 introduced into the hook 14 divides this total height h of the hooks 14 into a lower part with the length u and an upper part, the so-called upper tooth, with the length I. The total height h of the hooks 14 corresponds to the total wire height including the carrier fabric (see Figure 6 for a better understanding).

Figure 5 shows the schematic representation of a single hook 14 during the carding process. The protruding at an angle α from the carrier fabric 13 hook 14 is struck by the fiber to be carded 22 at its tip 21. In this case, a carding force 16 is effectively conditioned by the relative movement 23 between the hook 14 and the fiber 22. The fiber 22 engaged by the tip 21 of the hook 14 is urged downwardly against the carrier fabric 13 by the fiber penetration force 17 along the hook 14. At the same time, however, the carding force 17, given by the resistance which opposes the fiber 22 to the hook moving in the direction 23, causes the hook 14 to yield in the opposite direction 18. Due to the oblique installation at the angle α this deflection movement 18 is not only to the left, but also downwards, as indicated by the dashed position of the hook 14. As can be seen in Figure 5, depending on the angle β (angle included by the knee 15), the fiber 22 will sooner or later slip over the tip 21 of the hook 14. If the hook 14 has to retreat strongly before the fiber 22 can slide off the tip 21, either the fiber 22 will tear or the fiber 22 will slide in the direction 17 on the hook 14 to the carrier fabric 13. However, since the fibers 22 present are already of high quality and purity, especially when processing blends of cotton and man-made fibers, such a strong carding is not necessary. A slipping of the fiber 22 via the tip 21 is promoted on the one hand by an appropriate choice of the opening angle ß and the length of the upper tooth I.

Figure 6 shows an enlarged view of a single hook 14, in a view and the associated side view. For the sake of clarity, the overall height h, the length of the upper tooth I and the thickness d of the carrier fabric are also designated in FIG. 6. The hook 14 is prefabricated from a wire in a U-shape and then pushed from bottom to top through the carrier fabric 13. Subsequently, the knee 15 is formed. Finally, the flexible clothing 12 enters a grinding device, where a side grinding 19 and an undercut 20 are ground. By grinding the individual hooks 14, the tips 21 are formed. The illustrated angle ε is referred to as the working angle and is the angle between the horizontal and the underside of the upper tooth. This angle ε is determined by the definition of the angle α under which the hooks 14 protrude from the carrier fabric 13 and the determination of the opening angle ß of the knee 15th

Figure 7 shows the various stages of wear of a single tip 21 over the life of a flexible garniture 12. The best carding values are achieved with pointed hooks 14 shown as top view A (see designation in Figure 6). With increasing wear by vorbeigleitende fibers 22, the tip 21 becomes dull. The hook 14 is slightly shorter, as shown in Figure 6. Since the side cuts are usually not renewed, regrinding has only the purpose at the top 21 of the hook 14 to restore the edges. The back of the hook is thereby flattened as shown in plan view B. Upon further wear, the hook height C (see Figure 6) is reached and the hook 14 is dull as seen in Figure 7 in plan view C. To obtain a consistent carding quality, the clothing strip 12 is replaced after a few tenths of a millimeter of its tip 21 worn out, or lost by regrinding, are.

Legend

1 revolving flat card

2 funnel 3 licker-in

4 card drum

5 lidset

6 pulley

7 pickup 8 sliver forming device

9 card sliver

10 revolving lids

11 carrier profile

12 clothing strips 13 carrier fabric

14 hooks

15 knees

16 carding force

17 Fiber penetration force 18 Dodge force

19 side grinding

20 relief

21 tip of the hook 14

22 fiber 23 Direction of movement of the lid

24 drum set

25 Direction of movement of the card drum

26 leaf part

27 Dust particles 28 Stem part

29 shell part

30 fiber cracks A new condition

B 1. Regrinding

C blunt needle

b Width of the trim strip d Thickness of the carrier fabric h Overall height of the hooks

I length of the upper tooth u length of the lower part

α Angle between carrier fabric and hook ß from the knee 15 included angle ε working angle

Claims

claims

1. Flexible clothing with a carrier fabric (13) and in the carrier fabric (13) held hooks (14) which are formed of wire and the carrier fabric (13) pierced from one side and on the other side at a certain angle (α ) protrude from the carrier fabric (13), the hooks (14) outside the carrier fabric (13) having a knee (15) with an opening angle (ß), which divides the hooks (14) into a lower part and an upper tooth, characterized in that the hooks (14) have a perpendicular to the carrier fabric (13) measured and the thickness (d) of the carrier fabric (13) enclosing,

Total height (h) of 4 mm to 7 mm and the upper tooth above the knee (15) have a length (I) of 1.0 mm to 2.5 mm.

2. Flexible clothing according to claim 1, characterized in that the hooks (14) have a total height (h) of 4 to 6 mm and the upper tooth has a length (I) of 1.2 to 2 mm.

3. Flexible fitting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the length (I) of the upper tooth in relation to the total height (h) of the hook is 0.15 to 0.35 times.

4. Flexible clothing according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the hooks (14) are formed from biconvex wire.

5. Flexible clothing according to claim 4, characterized in that the hooks (14) are formed from biconvex wire with the wire number (card wire gauge) 31/35 or 32/36.

6. Flexible clothing according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the angle (α) under which the hook (14) the carrier fabric (13) pierced 70 ° to 90 °.

7. Flexible clothing according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the knee (15) enclosed opening angle (ß) is 100 ° to 170 °.

8. revolving lid (10) of a revolving flat card (1), which has a carrier profile (11) with a clothing strip (12) held therein, wherein the clothing strip

(12) consists of a carrier fabric (13) provided with hooks (14), wherein the hooks (14) are formed of wire and the carrier fabric (13) pierced from one side and on the other side under a certain Angle (α) protrude from the carrier fabric (13), and outside of the carrier fabric (13) has a knee (15) which divides the hook (14) into a lower part and an upper tooth, characterized in that the hooks (14) for Carrier fabric (13) measured vertically and the thickness (d) of the carrier fabric

(13) including total height (h) of 4 to 7 mm and the upper tooth above the knee (15) have a length (I) of 1.0 to 2.5 mm.

9. textile machine with a flexible clothing, characterized in that the flexible clothing is a clothing according to claims 1 to 7.