WO2007136100A1 - 暗視野顕微鏡及びその調整方法 - Google Patents
暗視野顕微鏡及びその調整方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007136100A1 WO2007136100A1 PCT/JP2007/060554 JP2007060554W WO2007136100A1 WO 2007136100 A1 WO2007136100 A1 WO 2007136100A1 JP 2007060554 W JP2007060554 W JP 2007060554W WO 2007136100 A1 WO2007136100 A1 WO 2007136100A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- dark field
- image
- lens
- field microscope
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/06—Means for illuminating specimens
- G02B21/08—Condensers
- G02B21/10—Condensers affording dark-field illumination
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dark field microscope and a method for adjusting an optical axis thereof.
- a light source that emits illumination light, a condensing optical system that condenses the illumination light of the light source power to illuminate the observation sample, and a condensing optical system that includes a condenser lens on the condensing side;
- a dark field microscope including an imaging optical system including an objective lens that forms an enlarged image is known.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the principle of a conventional general dark field microscope.
- the thickness of the small tube is about 24, but it can be visualized by a night vision microscope using a mercury lamp as the light source.
- the device and operation are relatively simple, high contrast images can be obtained, raw samples can be seen without pretreatment, and supramolecular motion and morphological changes can be observed dynamically. There are advantages such as.
- Patent Document 14 is cited as a conventional technique related to a dark field microscope.
- Patent Document 1 relates to an illumination system that can easily switch between a bright field and a dark field
- Patent Document 2 relates to a configuration that enables observation of only a target minute object without reducing resolution
- Patent Document 3 describes Regarding the configuration that enables observation of extremely minute objects such as flagella of living bacteria
- Patent Document 4 describes automatic focusing and night vision capable of high-speed processing.
- the present invention relates to high brightness in a field microscope.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9297266 “Microscope”
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-15507 “Dark Field Microscope”
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-122651 “Transmission Dark Field Microscope”
- Patent Document 4 JP-A-5-346532 “Automatic focusing device and dark field microscope in a microscope”
- the present invention provides a dark field microscope that can illuminate with a long focal condenser lens that requires a diaphragm in the objective lens and that has a low numerical aperture, and an effective adjustment method for the optical axis.
- the dark field microscope of the present invention has the following configuration. That is, a light source that emits illumination light, a condensing optical system that condenses the illumination light of the light source power to illuminate the observation sample, and a condensing optical system that condenses the observation sample, and receives scattered light from the observation sample.
- a dark field microscope equipped with an imaging optical system that includes an objective lens that forms a magnified image of the image the condenser lens on the condenser side is a lens with a long focal length, and the back focal plane (Back Focal Plane) is characterized in that a light shielding member for blocking illumination light is provided at the center of image formation.
- a conjugate image of the back focal plane may be formed, and a light shielding member may be disposed there. With this configuration, it is shielded from the objective lens.
- An optical member can be disposed, which contributes to simplification of the configuration.
- ⁇ is the diameter of the area to be shielded at the back focal plane
- f 1 is the focal length of the lens that forms a conjugate image of the back focal plane
- L is the focal length of the second objective lens). You may make it contribute.
- a mirror may be provided between the primary image and the secondary image to contribute to dual porting.
- the observation sample is focused by adjusting the focus of the eyepiece, and the position of the condenser lens is adjusted by adjusting the position of the condenser lens.
- Illuminate focus the observation sample on the imaging surface by adjusting the position of the imaging lens, and align the center of the field of view with the center of the camera by adjusting the aperture of the primary imaging surface and adjusting the position of the mirror.
- the optical axis may be adjusted by setting the position where the background light becomes the darkest.
- the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the light shielding member may be adjusted by a micrometer.
- the field stop on the condenser lens on the condensing side is minimized, the light is not allowed to enter the camera, and the black level is adjusted so that the value does not become a negative value.
- adjust the aperture stop to set the position where the image becomes dark, and adjust the light intensity and aperture stop to increase the amount of light and reduce the numerical aperture to obtain the desired contrast. You may make it contribute.
- the background of the observation sample may be optimized to make the image easier to see.
- the imaging center of the rear focal plane in the imaging optical system is the imaging center of the rear focal plane in the imaging optical system
- the objective lens does not require a diaphragm and can be illuminated with a long-focus condenser lens having a low numerical aperture. As a result, space is secured in the observation sample area, and the application range of experimental observation is expanded.
- FIG. 1 An explanatory diagram showing the principle of a conventional general dark field microscope
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle of a dark field microscope according to the present invention.
- the inventor reviewed the essence of the dark field microscope and obtained the principle of the present invention as follows.
- Dark The essence of the field microscope can be regarded as a means for blocking the illumination light (11) with some optical member and imaging only the scattered light (12).
- the illumination light (11) has an annular shape because it can be effectively blocked by the stop. In other words, the form of illumination was determined by the means of shielding.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle of the dark field microscope according to the present invention.
- the light from the light source passes through the aperture stop (24) and then passes through the condenser lens (25) with a long focal length, and the illumination light (10) is sampled in the flow cell (20) only in a small numerical aperture area. Irradiate (21).
- the illumination light is scattered by the sample (21)
- the illumination light (11) itself is reflected by the light shielding member (23) disposed in the back focal plane of the objective lens (22). Is cut off. Therefore, a dark field image of the sample (21) can be obtained by focusing only the scattered light (12) emitted from the objective lens (12) force on the imaging surface of the camera.
- a transparent optical component selectively deposited in the center with a light reflecting material such as aluminum that reflects light, or a light absorbing material such as suede that absorbs light is attached in the center.
- a light reflecting material such as aluminum that reflects light, or a light absorbing material such as suede that absorbs light is attached in the center.
- a glass plate or the like can be used.
- the luminous flux of the optical system is defined by a field stop and an aperture stop.
- the field stop defines the size of the image
- the aperture stop defines the thickness of the light beam, that is, the numerical aperture.
- the numerical aperture is defined for each objective lens.
- the image of the aperture stop by the lens in front of the aperture stop is the entrance pupil
- the image of the aperture stop by the lens behind the aperture stop is the exit pupil.
- the diaphragm, entrance pupil, and exit pupil are in a conjugate relationship!
- NA numerical aperture
- NA n sin ⁇
- the numerical aperture is an index for knowing at what angle the illumination light (10) is irradiated on the sample (21).
- the steeper the irradiation angle the higher the image resolution.
- the smaller the particle the larger the light scattering angle. Therefore, the light captured in the high numerical aperture region contains the high-frequency component of the image, and the fine structure can be observed.
- the numerical aperture is an important quantity that determines the resolution of the image.
- the diameter ⁇ of the pupil that satisfies a certain numerical aperture can be approximated by the following equation.
- the pupil can be regarded as the size of the back focal plane.
- the place where the light is collected is the back focal plane.
- the diameter of the light that spreads with a certain numerical aperture can be regarded as the pupil diameter here.
- the numerical aperture means not the angle but the radius.
- the angle is imaged on the sample (21) plane, but on the back focal plane, it corresponds to the ring of the region calculated by equation (2).
- the numerical aperture is the same for the objective lens (22).
- a force is provided in which the light shielding member (23) is arranged at the back focal plane of the objective lens (22).
- a lens is arranged behind the camera port, so that the secondary image is converted from the primary image. If made, a conjugate image of the back focal plane can be formed in the meantime. Even if a light-shielding member is placed on this conjugate image.
- the diameter ⁇ e of the light shielding plate at this time is expressed by the following equation.
- L is the focal length of the second objective lens
- Equation (4) L disappears, so we can see that this equation is valid regardless of the type of microscope.
- a pupil plane called an exit pupil force eye point of the eyepiece lens is used. Similar to the image plane, the pupil plane is also related to each other, and the exit pupil is relayed as the entrance pupil of the rear lens. For this reason, the lens position beyond the objective lens (22) cannot uniquely define the pupil position. Since the distance between the objective lens (22) and the lens barrel also changes, pupil matching is required when connecting multiple optical systems.
- the present invention can also be applied to dark field illumination using a laser as a light source when particularly intense light illumination is required due to high-speed photography or the like.
- a laser as a light source
- Non-patent literature 1 includes laser light is incident perpendicularly to the sample surface as in the arc type light source.
- the illumination light becomes a point image at the back focal plane, and dark field illumination is obtained by blocking it with a light shielding member (23) in the center. Since it is isotropic illumination than oblique illumination, there is an advantage that a more uniform image can be obtained.
- Non-patent literature l Yasuda, R "Noji, H.'Yoshida, M., Kinosita, K., Jr. & Itoh, H. Resoluti on of distinct rotational substeps by submillisecondkinetic analysis of F 1 ⁇ — ATPase. , 898-904 (2001)
- the light shielding plate to be installed may be configured to be replaceable with various sizes.
- the imaging lens is replaced with a primary image, and its focal length f
- the numerical aperture of the light shielding plate for the entire optical system can be increased.
- a mirror is arranged between the primary image and the secondary image, and the conjugate image of the back focal plane is also set in front of the mirror. Is preferred.
- f 40 mm, and the numerical aperture that was shielded from light, that is, the numerical aperture used for illumination, was 0.375.
- the force that increases the light by (60Z40) 2 2.25 times.
- FIG. 3 is a profile obtained by observing beads having a diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m.
- the sample beads are made of polystyrene and bonded to the glass surface.
- FIG. 4 is a photograph of the actual gliding movement of bacteria.
- the aperture stop is gradually changed. Squeeze it down and set it to a position where the entire screen suddenly becomes dark. In this state, the numerical aperture shielded by the central light shielding plate matches the numerical aperture of the condenser lens.
- This illumination method must be adopted, and is particularly effective under conditions where magnetic tweezers or a solution exchange system are used.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2653411A CA2653411C (en) | 2006-05-24 | 2007-05-23 | Dark field microscope and its adjusting method |
EP07743988A EP2034347A4 (en) | 2006-05-24 | 2007-05-23 | BLACK BACKGROUND MICROSCOPE AND ITS ADJUSTMENT METHOD |
US12/301,858 US8379304B2 (en) | 2006-05-24 | 2007-05-23 | Dark field microscope and its adjusting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006-144050 | 2006-05-24 | ||
JP2006144050A JP4925036B2 (ja) | 2006-05-24 | 2006-05-24 | 暗視野顕微鏡及びその調整方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007136100A1 true WO2007136100A1 (ja) | 2007-11-29 |
Family
ID=38723410
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2007/060554 WO2007136100A1 (ja) | 2006-05-24 | 2007-05-23 | 暗視野顕微鏡及びその調整方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8379304B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2034347A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4925036B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2653411C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007136100A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102565459A (zh) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | 一种用于原子力显微镜检测微孔形状时的透射照明装置 |
US9429744B2 (en) | 2013-04-04 | 2016-08-30 | Datacolor Holding Ag | System and method for color correction of a microscope image with a built-in calibration slide |
CN115393371A (zh) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-11-25 | 上海浚真生命科学有限公司 | 图像处理方法、图像处理设备和光学检测装置 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05346532A (ja) | 1992-06-15 | 1993-12-27 | Fujitsu Ltd | 顕微鏡における自動焦点合わせ装置及び暗視野顕微鏡 |
JPH075397A (ja) * | 1993-06-14 | 1995-01-10 | Canon Inc | シュリーレン顕微鏡装置 |
JPH08122651A (ja) | 1994-10-27 | 1996-05-17 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 透過暗視野顕微鏡 |
JPH0915507A (ja) | 1995-07-03 | 1997-01-17 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 暗視野顕微鏡 |
JPH09297266A (ja) | 1996-05-08 | 1997-11-18 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 顕微鏡 |
JP2002221666A (ja) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-08-09 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | 収束光明暗視野顕微鏡装置および収束光明暗視野顕微鏡観察方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5208648A (en) * | 1991-03-11 | 1993-05-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Apparatus and a method for high numerical aperture microscopic examination of materials |
US5177559A (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1993-01-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Dark field imaging defect inspection system for repetitive pattern integrated circuits |
JPH10253887A (ja) * | 1996-12-06 | 1998-09-25 | Asahi Optical Co Ltd | パターン読み取り光学系 |
DE19644662C2 (de) * | 1996-10-25 | 2000-04-13 | Leica Microsystems | Beleuchtungseinrichtung für ein Mikroskop |
JP4503716B2 (ja) * | 1997-08-29 | 2010-07-14 | オリンパス株式会社 | 顕微鏡透過照明装置 |
US7564622B2 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2009-07-21 | Olympus Corporation | Methods for implement microscopy and microscopic measurement as well as microscope and apparatus for implementing them |
-
2006
- 2006-05-24 JP JP2006144050A patent/JP4925036B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-05-23 US US12/301,858 patent/US8379304B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-23 CA CA2653411A patent/CA2653411C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-23 WO PCT/JP2007/060554 patent/WO2007136100A1/ja active Search and Examination
- 2007-05-23 EP EP07743988A patent/EP2034347A4/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05346532A (ja) | 1992-06-15 | 1993-12-27 | Fujitsu Ltd | 顕微鏡における自動焦点合わせ装置及び暗視野顕微鏡 |
JPH075397A (ja) * | 1993-06-14 | 1995-01-10 | Canon Inc | シュリーレン顕微鏡装置 |
JPH08122651A (ja) | 1994-10-27 | 1996-05-17 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 透過暗視野顕微鏡 |
JPH0915507A (ja) | 1995-07-03 | 1997-01-17 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 暗視野顕微鏡 |
JPH09297266A (ja) | 1996-05-08 | 1997-11-18 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 顕微鏡 |
JP2002221666A (ja) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-08-09 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | 収束光明暗視野顕微鏡装置および収束光明暗視野顕微鏡観察方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP2034347A4 * |
YASUDA, R. ET AL.: "Resolution of distinct rotational substeps by submillisecond kinetic analysis of F1-ATPase", NATURE, vol. 410, 2001, pages 898 - 904, XP002982043, DOI: doi:10.1038/35073513 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20100202044A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
JP4925036B2 (ja) | 2012-04-25 |
EP2034347A4 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
CA2653411A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
US8379304B2 (en) | 2013-02-19 |
CA2653411C (en) | 2012-07-10 |
JP2007316221A (ja) | 2007-12-06 |
EP2034347A1 (en) | 2009-03-11 |
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