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WO2007115610A1 - Matériaux pour dispositifs électroluminescents organiques - Google Patents

Matériaux pour dispositifs électroluminescents organiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007115610A1
WO2007115610A1 PCT/EP2007/001839 EP2007001839W WO2007115610A1 WO 2007115610 A1 WO2007115610 A1 WO 2007115610A1 EP 2007001839 W EP2007001839 W EP 2007001839W WO 2007115610 A1 WO2007115610 A1 WO 2007115610A1
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Prior art keywords
formula
organic
occurrence
group
compounds according
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PCT/EP2007/001839
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Philipp Stoessel
Holger Heil
Arne Buesing
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Merck Patent Gmbh
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Application filed by Merck Patent Gmbh filed Critical Merck Patent Gmbh
Priority to JP2009503441A priority Critical patent/JP5405297B2/ja
Priority to AT07711763T priority patent/ATE508176T1/de
Priority to EP07711763A priority patent/EP2001972B1/fr
Priority to CN2007800116985A priority patent/CN101415795B/zh
Priority to DE502007007129T priority patent/DE502007007129D1/de
Priority to US12/295,459 priority patent/US8039126B2/en
Publication of WO2007115610A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007115610A1/fr

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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to arylamines, their use for the production of organic electroluminescent devices and organic electroluminescent devices containing these compounds.
  • organic electroluminescent devices which contain semiconducting organic compounds and are capable of emitting light in the visible spectral range is described, for example, in US 4539507, US 5151629, EP 0676461 and WO 98/27136.
  • these devices still present significant problems that require urgent improvement for use in high quality displays.
  • the operating life of blue emission is still insufficient, so that only simple applications could be realized commercially until now.
  • the commonly used blue emitters are not thermally stable enough.
  • JP 04-184892 describes distillate amines, tristilbenamines and other stilbene derivatives as emissive compounds for OLEDs.
  • the devices with the proposed compounds do not have satisfactory lifetimes.
  • the thermal stability of these compounds in the device production by vacuum sublimation is not sufficient.
  • the decomposition products lead to contamination of the electroluminescent device and thus to poorer electronic properties.
  • Other stilbenamines used according to the prior art also have only insufficient thermal stability.
  • WO 06/000388 describes aryl-substituted tristilbenamines as emitting compounds for OLEDs.
  • the devices with the proposed compounds show light blue, but no deep blue emission.
  • stilbeneamines are observed to exhibit undesirable side reactions at high temperature, as used in sublimation for purification of materials and device production (Scheme 1).
  • Scheme 1 shows a thermally induced cis-trans isomerization.
  • the cis-stilbenamine can further react in an intramolecular ring-closing reaction to give the corresponding dihydrophenanthrene and in the presence of an oxidizing agent, for example residues of oxygen, to the corresponding phenanthrene.
  • organic electroluminescent devices which contain triarylamine derivatives which are substituted by dibenzosubers, dibenzooxepin, dibenzoazepine or derivatives of these compounds in the emitting layer have clear improvements over the prior art. With these materials, improved lifetimes are obtained with deep blue emission color and good efficiency. Furthermore, these materials have higher thermal stability than the stilbene amines used in the prior art as blue emitting compounds. These compounds and their use in OLEDs, in particular in the emitting layer, are therefore the subject of the present invention.
  • the invention provides compounds of the formula (1)
  • A is the same or different at each occurrence, CR or N;
  • Ar 1 is the same or different at each occurrence, a monovalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R radicals;
  • Ar 2 is the same or different at each occurrence, a bivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R radicals;
  • R 1 is the same or different at each occurrence, H or a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, which may be aliphatic or aromatic or a combination of aliphatic and aromatic; one or more H atoms may also be replaced by F; two or more radicals R 1 may together form a mono- or polycyclic, aliphatic or aromatic ring system;
  • n 0, 1, 2 or 3;
  • n 0 means that the group Y is absent and instead in these positions radicals R are bound.
  • aryl group or a heteroaryl group in the context of this invention is understood as meaning an aromatic group or heteroaromatic group having a common aromatic ⁇ -electron system.
  • this may be a simple homo- or heterocycle, for example benzene, pyridine, thiophene, etc., or it may be a fused aromatic ring system in which at least two aromatic or heteroaromatic rings, for example benzene rings, are fused together ie, having at least one common edge and thereby also a common aromatic ⁇ -electron system
  • aryl or heteroaryl groups may be substituted or unsubstituted, and substituents optionally present may form further ring systems Systems such as naphthalene,
  • An aromatic ring system in the sense of this invention contains 6 to 30 carbon atoms in the ring system.
  • a heteroaromatic ring system in the sense of this invention contains 2 to 30 C atoms and at least one heteroatom in the ring system, with the proviso that the sum of C atoms and heteroatoms gives at least 5.
  • the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and / or S.
  • An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system in the sense of this invention is to be understood as meaning a system which does not necessarily contain only aryl or heteroaryl groups but in which also several aryl or heteroaryl groups Heteroaryl groups by a short, non-aromatic unit (preferably less than 10% of the atoms other than H), such as.
  • several interconnected aromatics such as. B. biphenyl, or systems such
  • 9,9'-spirobifluorene, 9,9-diaryl fluorene, triarylamine, diaryl ether, etc. are understood as aromatic ring systems in the context of this invention.
  • systems such as dibenzosuberene, dibenzooxepine, dibenzoazepine, etc. are understood as aromatic ring systems in the context of this invention.
  • a cyclic alkyl group is understood as meaning both monocyclic and also bi- and polycyclic alkyl groups.
  • the radicals methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl are preferably selected from among a C 1 - to C 4 -alkyl group in which individual H atoms or carbon groups can also be substituted by the abovementioned groups , n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, s-pentyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, n-heptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, 2 Ethylhexyl, adamantyl, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl,
  • aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted in each case with the abovementioned radicals R and R 1 and which may be linked via any position on the aromatic or heteroaromatic, are understood in particular groups derived are benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, perylene, fluoranthene, tetracene, pentacene, benzopyrene, biphenyl, biphenylene, terphenyl, terphenyls, fluorene, spirobifluorene, Truxen, isotruxene, dihydrophenanthrene, dihydropyrene, tetra hydropyrene, cis- or trans-indenofluorene, furan, benzofuran, isobenzofuran, dibenzofuran, thiophene, benzothiophene, is
  • At least one group Ar 1 is a group of the formula (2)
  • NR or SiR 2 stands. Particular preference is given to compounds of the formula (1) or (1a) in which the symbol X, identical or different in each occurrence, represents CR 2 or O.
  • R in the unit CR 2 is preferable, same or different at each occurrence, for a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 or 4C -Atomen, wherein in each case one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, or for an aryl or heteroaryl group having 5 to 10 aromatic ring atoms, or a
  • the two radicals R of the group CR 2 can together form a mono- or polycyclic, aliphatic or aromatic ring system and thereby build up a spiro system.
  • Particularly preferred radicals R are methyl, tert-butyl, phenyl, ortho-tolyl, para-tolyl or para-tert-butylphenyl.
  • Two phenyl groups can also form a ring system with one another and thereby form a spiro system, as shown in formula (3) on the skeleton of the dibenzosuberene:
  • Preference is furthermore given to compounds of the formula (1) or (1a) in which the symbol R, which is not bonded to the group X, is identical or different at each occurrence, for H, F, Si (R 1 ) 3 , B (OR 1 ) 2l is a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy group having 3 to 10 C atoms, where in each case one or more CH 2 groups is replaced by -R 1 C CR 1 -, Si (R 1 ) 2 , -O-, -S- or -N (R 2 ) - may be replaced and wherein in each case one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, or an aryl or heteroaryl group having 5 to 14 aromatic ring atoms, or a combination of two or three of these systems; in this case, two or more adjacent radicals R may together form a mono- or polycyclic, aliphatic or aromatic ring system.
  • radicals R are selected from the group consisting of H, F, Si (R 1 ) 3 , B (OR 1 ) 2 , straight-chain alkyl groups having 1 to 4 C atoms, branched alkyl groups having 3 to 5 C atoms or cyclic Alkyl groups having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, wherein in each case one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, or monovalent aryl or heteroaryl groups having 6 to 10 aromatic ring atoms or a combination of two of these systems.
  • Ar 2 identical or different at each occurrence, for an aryl, heteroaryl or biaryl group having 6 to 16 aromatic ring atoms or for an R substituted or unsubstituted fluorene, spirobifluorene or indenofluorene.
  • n is 0, 1 or 2, particularly preferably 0 or 1, very particularly preferably 0.
  • Preference is furthermore given to compounds of the formula (1) or (1a) to (1c) in which all the groups X are the same and all the groups Y, if are present, are the same and in which the groups are each equally substituted, ie symmetrical compounds. Particularly preferred are for n 0 compounds which have a threefold symmetry axis.
  • Examples of preferred compounds of the formula (1) or (1a) to (1c) are the compounds (1) to (33) depicted below.
  • the compounds according to the invention described above can also be used, for example, as comonomers for producing corresponding conjugated, partially conjugated or non-conjugated polymers, oligomers or else as the core of dendrimers.
  • Halogenated compounds are particularly suitable for this purpose, the polymerization then preferably taking place via the halogen functionality.
  • Another object of the invention are thus conjugated, partially conjugated and non-conjugated polymers, oligomers or dendrimers containing one or more compounds of formula (1), wherein one or several radicals R represent bonds of the compound according to formula (1) to the polymer or dendrimer.
  • These polymers may contain additional repeat units. These further repeating units are preferably selected from the
  • boronic acid is preferably not isolated, but is prepared in situ and used directly for the Suzuki coupling.
  • a ligand for the palladium is particularly suitable in the Suzuki coupling here tris (1-furyl) phosphine.
  • Another object of the present invention is therefore a process for the preparation of compounds according to formula (1), characterized in that a Boronklarederivat according to formula (4),
  • the compounds according to formula (1) can be used in organic electronic devices, in particular in organic electroluminescent devices.
  • the invention therefore furthermore relates to the use of compounds of the formula (1) in organic electronic devices, in particular in organic electroluminescent devices.
  • the invention furthermore relates to organic electronic devices comprising at least one organic layer, characterized in that the organic layer contains at least one compound of the formula (1).
  • the organic electronic device is preferably selected from organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs 1 PLEDs), organic field effect transistors (O-FETs), organic thin film transistors (O-TFTs), organic light emitting transistors (O-LETs), organic integrated circuits (O -ICs), organic solar cells (O-SCs), organic field quench devices (O-FQDs), organic photoreceptors, light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) or organic laser diodes (O-lasers). Particularly preferred are organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs, PLEDs).
  • the organic electroluminescent device includes anode, cathode and at least one emitting layer.
  • Suitable hole injection and hole transport materials are, for example, aromatic amines, as are usually used according to the prior art, which may also be p-doped.
  • Suitable electron transport materials are, for example, metal chelate complexes, eg. B. AlQ 3 , compounds based on electron-poor heterocycles, eg.
  • triazine derivatives or compounds containing aromatic carbonyls or phosphine oxides, such as.
  • aromatic carbonyls or phosphine oxides such as.
  • WO 05/084081 and WO 05/084082 which may each be n-doped.
  • electron injection materials are fluorides and oxides of the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, for example NaF, BaF 2 , CaF 2 , LiF or Li 2 O.
  • the compounds of the formula (1) can be used in various functions in the organic electronic device.
  • the compound according to formula (1) is used as the emitting compound in an emitting layer.
  • the compounds according to formula (1) are particularly suitable for this function, in particular, when the symbol Z stands for N and the symbols X and, if present, Y for CR 2 , O, NR and / or SiR 2 .
  • the compounds are preferably used as a mixture with a host material.
  • a host material is understood in a system of host and dopant (binary system) that component which is present in the system in the higher proportion.
  • a system of a host and multiple dopants is understood as the host that component whose share is the highest in the mixture.
  • Suitable host materials are various classes of materials commonly used in the prior art as host materials for fluorescent organic electroluminescent devices.
  • Preferred host materials are selected from the classes of oligo-arylenes (eg 2,2 ', 7,7'-tetraphenyl-spirobifluorene according to EP 676461 or dinaphthylanthracene), in particular the oligo-arylenes containing condensed aromatic groups, the oligo-arylenevinylenes (eg DPVBi (bis-diphenylvinylbiphenyl) or spiro-DPVBi according to EP 676461), the polypodal metal complexes (eg according to WO 04/081017), the hole-conducting compounds (eg according to WO 04/058911), in particular the triarylamine derivatives and the carbazole derivatives, the electron-conducting compounds, in particular ketones, phosphine oxides and sulfoxides (for example according to WO 05/084081 and WO 05/084082), the atropisomers (for example according to WO 06/04
  • the proportion of the compound according to formula (1) in the mixture is between 0.1 and 99.0 wt .-%, preferably between 0.5 and 50.0 wt .-%, particularly preferably between 1.0 and 20.0 wt .-%, in particular between 1.0 and 10.0 wt. -%.
  • the proportion of the host material in the mixture is between 1.0 and 99.9% by weight, preferably between 50.0 and 99.5% by weight, particularly preferably between 80.0 and 99.0% by weight, in particular between 90.0 and 99.0% by weight.
  • the organic electroluminescent device has a plurality of emitting layers, wherein at least one of these layers contains at least one compound according to formula (1), preferably in combination with a host material.
  • these emission layers have a total of a plurality of emission maxima between 380 nm and 750 nm, so that a total of white emission results, ie in the or the further emitting layers at least one further emitting compound is used, which can fluoresce or phosphoresce and the yellow, emitted orange or red light.
  • these emission layers have a total of a plurality of emission maxima between 380 nm and 750 nm, so that a total of white emission results, ie in the or the further emitting layers at least one further emitting compound is used, which can fluoresce or phosphoresce and the yellow, emitted orange or red light.
  • Particularly preferred are three-layer systems, wherein at least one of these layers contains at least one compound according to formula (1), preferably in combination with a host material and wherein the three layers show blue, green and orange or red emission (for the basic structure see eg. WO 05/011013).
  • the compound according to formula (1) is used as hole transport and / or hole injection material.
  • the compounds are then preferably used in a hole transport layer and / or in a hole injection layer.
  • a hole injection layer in the sense of this invention is a layer which is directly adjacent to the anode.
  • a hole transport layer in the sense of this invention is a layer that lies between the hole injection layer and the emission layer.
  • an organic electroluminescent device characterized in that one or more layers are coated with a sublimation process.
  • the materials in vacuum sublimation is at a pressure below 10 "mbar 5, preferably less than 10 -6 mbar, particularly preferably less than 10" 7 deposited mbar.
  • an organic electroluminescent device characterized in that one or more layers are coated with the OVPD (Organic Vapor Phase Deposition) method or with the aid of a carrier gas sublimation.
  • the materials are applied at a pressure between 10 ⁇ 5 mbar and 1 bar.
  • an organic electroluminescent device characterized in that one or more layers of solution, such. B. by spin coating, or with any printing process, such.
  • any printing process such as screen printing, flexographic printing or offset printing, but more preferably LITI (Light Induced Thermal Imaging, thermal transfer printing) or inkjet printing (ink jet printing), are produced.
  • LITI Light Induced Thermal Imaging, thermal transfer printing
  • inkjet printing ink jet printing
  • soluble compounds according to formula (1) are necessary. High solubility can be achieved by suitable substitution of the compounds.
  • mixtures comprising at least one compound according to formula (1) and at least one host material.
  • the organic electroluminescent devices according to the invention have the following surprising advantage over the prior art: 1.
  • the stability of the devices is higher compared to systems of the prior art, which is mainly in a much longer life.
  • the compounds have a higher thermal stability than stilbenamines, which are used according to the prior art as blue emitters. In particular, neither a thermally induced cis-trans isomerization nor a thermally induced metathesis reaction is observed in these compounds. That's how they can be
  • the compounds show a deep blue emission color when used in OLEDs.
  • the starting materials can be obtained from the companies ALDRICH or ABCR (2-bromobiphenyl, palladium (II) acetate, tris-1-furylphosphine, inorganics, solvents).
  • the synthesis of 10-bromo-5H-dibenzo [a, d] cyclohepten-5-one is described in the literature (B. Taljaard et al., Ejr. J. Org. Chem. 2005, 12, 2607), 5H Dibenzo [a, d] cycloheptene is described in the literature (C.
  • Example 10 Tris (4- (10- (5-dimethyl) dibenzo [a, d] cycloheptene) -phenyl) - amm
  • OLEDs takes place according to a general method according to WO 04/058911, which in individual cases is adapted to the respective circumstances (eg layer thickness variation in order to achieve optimum efficiency or color).
  • the EML always consists of a matrix material (host) and a dopant (guest or dopant), which is mixed by cover evaporation to the host.
  • the host H1 is used as the host material.
  • the cathode is formed by a 1 nm thin LiF layer and a 150 nm Al layer deposited thereon. Table 1 shows the chemical structures of the materials used to construct the OLEDs.
  • OLEDs are characterized by default; for this, the electroluminescence spectra, the efficiency (measured in cd / A), the power efficiency (measured in Im / W) as a function of the brightness, calculated from current-voltage-brightness characteristics (ILJL characteristics), and the service life are determined.
  • the life time is defined, after which the initial luminance has dropped from 1000 cd / m 2 to half.
  • Table 2 summarizes the results of some OLEDs (Examples 14 to 21). Table 1 - Materials used

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne des triarylamines qui sont substituées par des groupes définis. Ces composés peuvent être utilisés dans la fabrication de dispositifs électroluminescents organiques.
PCT/EP2007/001839 2006-04-01 2007-03-03 Matériaux pour dispositifs électroluminescents organiques WO2007115610A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

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JP2009503441A JP5405297B2 (ja) 2006-04-01 2007-03-03 有機エレクトロルミネセンス素子のための材料
AT07711763T ATE508176T1 (de) 2006-04-01 2007-03-03 Materialen für organische elektrolumineszenzvorrichtungen
EP07711763A EP2001972B1 (fr) 2006-04-01 2007-03-03 Matériaux pour dispositifs électroluminescents organiques
CN2007800116985A CN101415795B (zh) 2006-04-01 2007-03-03 用于有机电致发光器件的材料
DE502007007129T DE502007007129D1 (de) 2006-04-01 2007-03-03 Materialen für organische elektrolumineszenzvorrichtungen
US12/295,459 US8039126B2 (en) 2006-04-01 2007-03-03 Materials for organic electroluminescent devices

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DE102006015183A DE102006015183A1 (de) 2006-04-01 2006-04-01 Materialien für organische Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtungen

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US8039126B2 (en) 2011-10-18
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DE502007007129D1 (de) 2011-06-16
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ATE508176T1 (de) 2011-05-15
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CN101415795A (zh) 2009-04-22
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