WO2007148655A1

WO2007148655A1 - Texture material measuring device and texture material measuring method

Info

Publication number: WO2007148655A1
Application number: PCT/JP2007/062242
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kazuhiro Ohara; Mitsuhiko Sano; Hiroyuki Imanari; Masashi Tsugeno; Kazutoshi Kitagoh
Original assignee: Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation
Priority date: 2006-06-20
Filing date: 2007-06-18
Publication date: 2007-12-27
Also published as: CN102253120A; KR101148750B1; KR20110039502A; TW200900692A; JP5397451B2; JP2012032404A; KR20080110744A; CN101473224A; CN102253120B; TWI360654B; JPWO2007148655A1

Abstract

Nondestructive measurement of crystal grain size is performed surely by removing an oxide film adhering to the surface of a material to be measured. At first, a position on the other side of a rolling product irradiated with a laser beam from an ultrasonic detector is irradiated with a laser beam from a surface removing unit, thus removing an oxide film on the other side of the rolling product. After removing the oxide film on the other side of the rolling product, one side of the rolling product is irradiated with a laser beam from an ultrasonic oscillator to generate ultrasonic oscillation on the other side of the rolling product. The other side of the rolling product is irradiated with a laser beam from the ultrasonic detector and reflecting light from the other side of the rolling product is received by the ultrasonic detector in order to detect ultrasonic oscillation generated on the other side of the rolling product, and crystal grain size of the rolling product is calculated based on the detection results from the ultrasonic detector.

Description

Specification

Tissue material measuring apparatus and tissue material measuring method

Technical field

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a tissue material measuring apparatus and a tissue material measuring method for evaluating a material by measuring ultrasonic vibration generated in the material, and in particular, a structure of a metal material by ultrasonic vibration measurement. It relates to material measurement.

Background

[0002] The structure material of a steel material has strength and ductility called mechanical properties, and these mechanical properties are generally measured by various tests such as a tensile test. Moreover, since the mechanical properties of these steel materials are related to the metal structure such as the crystal grain size, the mechanical properties can also be calculated by grasping the metal structure such as the crystal grain size. However, the conventional various tests and the measurement of crystal grain size require many steps such as specimen cutting, polishing, and microscopic observation, and each step requires a lot of labor and time. Therefore, non-destructive measurement of crystal grain size has been strongly desired for some time, and recently, a method using ultrasonic vibration has been proposed as one of non-destructive methods for measuring crystal grain size. Has been.

[0003] As a conventional technique for nondestructive measurement of crystal grain size, an ultrasonic oscillator force such as an Nd-YAG laser is also used to irradiate the negative surface of a measured material with a pulsed laser beam, so that It has been proposed to detect the vibration displacement generated on the other surface of the material to be measured by using an ultrasonic detector such as a homodyne interferometer while vibrating the side surface (see, for example, Patent Document 1). . FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a conventional tissue material measuring apparatus, which schematically shows the above-described conventional technique.

[0004] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 3184368

Disclosure of the invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

[0005] The material described in Patent Document 1 may not be suitable for the analysis of the crystal grain size depending on the state of the material to be measured, which is not intended for various measurement objects. Especially for ultrasonic detectors When the other surface of the material to be measured has an oxide film, there was a problem that sufficient crystal grain size analysis could not be performed with a small amount of light returning to the ultrasonic detector.

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and its object is to remove non-destructive crystal grains by removing the acid film on the surface of the material to be measured. It is to provide a tissue material measuring apparatus and a tissue material measuring method capable of reliably measuring the diameter.

Means for solving the problem

[0007] The tissue material measuring apparatus according to the present invention includes an ultrasonic oscillator that irradiates one side surface of a rolled product with laser light to generate ultrasonic vibrations on the other side surface of the rolled product, and the other side of the rolled product. An ultrasonic detector that detects ultrasonic vibration generated on the other side surface of the rolled product by irradiating the surface with laser light and receiving reflected light from the other side surface of the rolled product, and ultrasonic detection Irradiate laser light to the particle size calculation means for calculating the crystal grain size of the rolled product based on the detection result by the detector and the irradiation position of the laser light irradiated to the other side surface of the rolled product from the ultrasonic detector. And a surface removing device for removing the oxide film on the other surface of the rolled product.

[0008] In addition, the tissue material measuring method according to the present invention is a method in which the surface removal device force is also irradiated with a laser beam at the irradiation position of the laser beam irradiated on the other side surface of the ultrasonic detector force rolled product. The step of removing the oxide film on the other side surface of the rolled product, and the removal of the oxide film on the other side surface of the rolled product, followed by ultrasonic oscillator force. Step of generating ultrasonic vibration on the other surface of the product, irradiating the other side surface of the rolled product with laser light from the ultrasonic detector, and receiving the reflected light from the other side surface of the rolled product by the ultrasonic detector And detecting the ultrasonic vibration generated on the other side surface of the rolled product, and calculating the crystal grain size of the rolled product based on the detection result by the ultrasonic detector. .

The invention's effect

[0009] The present invention relates to an ultrasonic oscillator that irradiates one side surface of a rolled product with laser light and generates ultrasonic vibrations on the other side surface of the rolled product, and irradiates laser light to the other side surface of the rolled product. The other side surface of the rolled product is received by receiving the reflected light of the surface force on the other side of the rolled product. An ultrasonic detector for detecting the ultrasonic vibration generated in the apparatus, a particle size calculating means for calculating the crystal grain size of the rolled product based on the detection result by the ultrasonic detector, and other than the rolled product from the ultrasonic detector. The material to be measured is provided with a surface removal device that irradiates a laser beam to the irradiation position of the laser beam on the side surface and removes the acid film on the other side surface of the rolled product. It is possible to remove the acid film on the surface of the metal and measure the crystal grain size nondestructively.

[0010] Similarly, in the present invention, the ultrasonic detector force is applied to the irradiation position of the laser beam irradiated to the other side surface of the rolled product by irradiating the laser beam from the surface removing device, After removing the oxide film and removing the oxide film on the other side surface of the rolled product, the ultrasonic oscillator irradiates one side surface of the rolled product from the ultrasonic oscillator and ultrasonically vibrates the other side surface of the rolled product. The laser beam is irradiated from the ultrasonic detector to the other surface of the rolled product, and the reflected light of the surface force on the other side of the rolled product is received by the ultrasonic detector. By comprising a step of detecting ultrasonic vibration generated on the other side surface and a step of calculating the crystal grain size of the rolled product based on the detection result by the ultrasonic detector, Remove the acid film on the surface, It can be reliably performed measurement of crystal grain diameter at the fracture.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a tissue material measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a main part configuration diagram showing a tissue material measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an arrangement of a tissue material measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a main part configuration diagram showing a tissue material measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a main part configuration diagram showing a tissue material measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an arrangement of a tissue material measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a main part of a rolling facility in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a prediction model of tissue material. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another configuration of the rolling equipment in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional tissue material measuring apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

[0012] 1 material to be measured, 2 ultrasonic oscillator, 3 ultrasonic detector, 4 signal processing means,

5 Particle size calculation means, 6 Surface removal device, 7 CW laser, 8 Mirror,

9 beam splitter, 10 beam splitter, 11 Fabry-Perot interferometer, 12 photodetector, 13a reflecting mirror, 13b reflecting mirror,

14 Actuators, 15 Condensation wave echo extraction means, 16 Frequency analysis means, 17 Frequency-dependent attenuation curve identification means, 18 Multi-order function fitting means, 19 Photorefractive element, 20 Gas ejection device 21 Rolling mill,

22 strips, 23 outrun tables, 24 coils,

25 Mechanical property measurement means, 26 Tissue material information measurement means,

27 tissue material measuring device, 28 tissue material information collecting means,

29 First, weaving material information comparison means, 30 thermometer,

31 process data collection means, 32 tissue material information prediction means,

33 Second tissue material information comparison means, 34 Mechanical property prediction means,

35 Mechanical property comparison means

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0013] First, before describing the specific configuration of the present invention, a method for non-destructively measuring the crystal grain size of a metal material will be described. Non-destructive methods for measuring the crystal grain size of metallic materials include a method using Rayleigh scattering, a method using ultrasonic propagation velocity, and a method using an ultrasonic microscope. In addition, each measuring method is also used as appropriate in the present invention. Here, a method using attenuation caused by scattering of typical ultrasonic crystal particles (Rayleigh scattering) will be described.

[0014] Ultrasonic waves are classified into longitudinal waves, transverse waves, and the like depending on their vibration forms. Of these, the ultrasonic longitudinal wave (Balter wave) is used in the crystal grain size measurement method using Rayleigh scattering. It is known that the attenuation of the Nore wave is expressed by the following equation.

[0015] [Equation 1] P = Po-ex}) (-o-x) '.- (1)

Here, p and p are sound pressures, a is an attenuation constant, and X is a propagation distance in the steel plate.

0

Further, when the frequency of the Balta wave is “Rayleigh region”, the attenuation constant a is expressed by the following equation.

[0016] [Equation 2]

? ί = ί¾ - Breakfast + ΰ ₄ - Shikabane --- (2)

Where a and a are coefficients, f is the ultrasonic frequency, and the attenuation constant a is the ultrasonic as described above.

14

It is approximated by a quartic function of frequency f. The first term in Eq. (2) is the absorption attenuation term due to internal friction, and the second term is the Rayleigh scattering term.

The Rayleigh region means a region where the crystal grain size is sufficiently smaller than the wavelength of the Balta wave, and is, for example, a range that satisfies the following formula.

[0017] [Equation 3]

0.03 </ <0.3 --- (3)

Here, d represents the crystal grain size, and λ represents the wavelength of the Balta wave.

In addition, it is known that the fourth-order coefficient a in the equation (2) satisfies the following equation.

Four

[0018] [Equation 4]

a ₄ = S- '-' (4)

Where S is the scattering constant. That is, the coefficient a is proportional to the cube of the crystal grain size d.

Four

[0019] Since the Balta wave transmitted by the ultrasonic oscillator includes a frequency component with a certain distribution in the waveform, by analyzing the frequency of the waveform received by the ultrasonic detector, each frequency component is analyzed. An attenuation factor can be obtained. Furthermore, since the propagation distance in the steel plate can be determined by detecting the transmission / reception time difference, each coefficient in Eq. (2) can be derived based on the attenuation rate and propagation distance of each frequency component. Then, by determining the scattering constant S in advance with a standard sample or the like, the crystal grain size d can be obtained by the equation (4).

[0020] Next, in order to describe the material measuring apparatus according to the present invention in more detail, it will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be simplified or omitted as appropriate. [0021] Embodiment 1.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a tissue material measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In addition, the structure material measuring apparatus described later is provided in a rolling line where a rolled product (including a state in the middle of being completed as a slab force product. The same applies hereinafter) is produced from a rolled material (slab), and the above-mentioned flowing through the rolling line. Measure the texture of the rolled product.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a material to be measured made of the rolled product (steel plate), 2 is provided below the rolled product flowing in the rolling line, and laser light is irradiated to one side surface of the rolled product, An ultrasonic oscillator (transmission side laser) that generates ultrasonic vibrations on the other side surface of the rolled product, 3 is provided above the rolled product flowing through the rolling line, and irradiates the other side surface of the rolled product with laser light. , Receiving the reflected light from the other side surface of the rolled product to detect the ultrasonic vibration generated on the other side surface of the rolled product (receiver side laser), 4 to the ultrasonic detector 3 Signal processing means connected to receive the detection signal from the ultrasonic detector 3 and process the detection signal received for calculating the grain size of the rolled product, 5 is based on the processing result of the signal processing means 4 , Particle size calculation means for calculating the crystal grain size of the rolled product, 6 Oxidize the other side surface of the rolled product by irradiating the laser beam to the irradiation position of the laser beam that is provided above the rolled product flowing through the extension line and is irradiated from the ultrasonic detector 3 to the other side surface of the rolled product. This is a surface removal device (additional laser) that removes the film.

[0023] The ultrasonic oscillator 2 generates an ultrasonic pulse on one side surface of the material 1 to be measured by irradiating one side surface of the material 1 (rolled product) with a strong pulsed laser beam. Let For example, a YAG laser capable of Q-switch operation is used as the pulse laser that emits pulsed laser light from the ultrasonic oscillator 2. The pulse laser beam emitted from the ultrasonic oscillator 2 is focused to a target beam diameter by a lens (not shown) or the like, and is irradiated onto one side surface of the material 1 to be measured. Then, the ultrasonic pulse generated on one side surface of the material 1 to be measured by the pulsed laser light emitted from the ultrasonic oscillator 2 propagates through the material 1 to vibrate the other surface of the material 1 to be measured. At the same time, it repeats multiple reflections by reciprocating in the material to be measured 1.

In addition, the ultrasonic detector 3 detects a displacement of ultrasonic vibration generated on the other surface of the material 1 to be measured by the ultrasonic pulse by using a CW (continuous wave) laser. For example, an interferometer using a photorefractive is employed to detect the displacement of the ultrasonic vibration generated on the other surface of the material 1 to be measured (hereinafter simply referred to as “vibration displacement”). In addition

In addition to the interferometer using photorefractive, the installation environment of the ultrasonic detector 3 is not good V. In this case, the Fabry-Perot interferometer is used, and the other surface of the workpiece 1 is not rough. A Michelson interferometer or the like is appropriately employed. Here, FIG. 2 is a main part configuration diagram showing the tissue material measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and specifically shows the configuration of the ultrasonic detector 3 when a Fabry-Perot interferometer is used. Is. The case where the vibration displacement is detected by the Fabry-Perot type ultrasonic detector 3 will be described in detail below.

In FIG. 2, 7 is a CW laser, 8 is a mirror, 9 and 10 are beam splitters, 11 is a Fabry-Perot interferometer, and 12 is a photodetector. The Fabry-Perot interferometer 11 is also configured with a pair of reflecting mirrors 13a and 13b, an actuator 14 for adjusting the distance between the reflecting mirrors 13a and 13b, a control mechanism (not shown) for controlling the actuator 14, and a force. The actuator 14 also has, for example, a piezoelectric element force, and is sequentially operated by a control mechanism so that the distance between the reflecting mirrors 13a and 13b is accurately maintained at a desired value.

In the ultrasonic detector 3 having the above-described configuration, the laser light output from the CW laser 7 is reflected by the mirror 8 and then enters the beam splitter 9 to be incident on the other surface of the measurement object 1. The laser beam is split into an irradiated laser beam and a laser beam directly incident on the Fabry-Perot interferometer 11 as a reference beam. The laser light applied to the other surface of the material to be measured 1 is reflected by the other surface of the material to be measured 1 that vibrates ultrasonically and enters the Fabry-Perot interferometer 11. In the Fabry-Perot interferometer 11, the laser light (reflected light) reflected from the other surface of the material 1 to be measured and the reference light are resonated by the reflecting mirrors 13a and 13b. The interval between the reflection mirrors 13a and 13b is adjusted by the actuator 14 so that the reflected light and the reference light resonate. The laser beam resonated by the Fabry-Perot interferometer 11 enters the photodetector 12 via the beam splitter 10 as interference light. Then, the photodetector 12 detects an interference waveform caused by the optical path difference between the reflected light and the reference light, that is, a change in the intensity of the interference light, based on the incident interference light.

On the other hand, the surface removal device 6 includes a pulse laser having an energy density high enough to cause abrasion, and irradiates the surface of the material 1 to be measured with a pulse laser beam. As a result, the acid film on the surface of the material to be measured 1 is removed. Ablation refers to explosive peeling of a solid surface layer accompanied by plasma emission and impact sound, which occurs when laser light having a high energy density is irradiated.

[0028] Next, installation positions of the ultrasonic oscillator 2, the ultrasonic detector 3, and the surface removing device 6 will be described. FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the tissue material measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the ultrasonic oscillator 2 is installed with a predetermined distance on one side surface (bottom surface) of the material 1 to be measured. In the ultrasonic oscillator 2, the optical path of the pulsed laser light applied to the one side surface of the material 1 to be measured is 0 ° to 45 ° with respect to a straight line perpendicular to the one surface of the material 1 to be measured. Arranged to have an inclination. In FIG. 3, the optical path force of the pulsed laser light from the ultrasonic oscillator 2 is shown perpendicular to the one side surface of the material 1 to be measured.

In addition, the ultrasonic detector 3 is installed with a predetermined distance on the other surface (upper surface) opposite to the one surface of the material 1 to be measured. The ultrasonic detector 3 is arranged so as to be substantially perpendicular to the other surface of the measured material 1 of the optical path force of the laser light emitted from the CW laser 7, and from the ultrasonic oscillator 2. Corresponds to the point where the optical path of the irradiated pulsed laser beam intersects one side surface of the material to be measured 1 (sound source of ultrasonic vibration) and the sound source of ultrasonic vibration (for example 1, the above super It is arranged so as to pass through at least one of the points on the other surface of the material 1 to be measured (which is directly above the sound source of the sonic vibration). Furthermore, the ultrasonic detector 3 is arranged so as to be able to receive the reflected light of the other surface force of the material 1 to be measured. In order to prevent the Norse laser light from the ultrasonic oscillator 2 from directly entering the ultrasonic detector 3, the ultrasonic detector 3 is placed on the extension of the optical path of the pulsed laser light output from the ultrasonic oscillator 2. It is okay if no light receiving part (for example, a lens) is arranged.

On the other hand, the surface removing device 6 is configured to irradiate the other surface of the measurement target material 1 with pulsed laser light from the same direction as the direction in which the ultrasonic detector 3 irradiates CW laser light. Installed on the other surface of the measuring material 1 with a predetermined distance. Then, the surface removing device 6 prevents the pulsed laser light applied to the material 1 to be measured from directly entering the ultrasonic detector 3, so that the optical path of the pulsed laser light is the ultrasonic detector 3. It is arranged so that it has a predetermined inclination Θ of 0 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees with respect to the optical path of the CW laser light output from In the ultrasonic oscillator 2, the ultrasonic detector 3, and the surface removal device 6 having the above-described configuration, when measuring the tissue material of the material to be measured 1, first, the ultrasonic detector 3 to the material to be measured 1 The pulse laser beam is irradiated from the surface removal device 6 to the irradiation position of the CW laser beam irradiated on the side surface (upper surface of the rolled product), and the oxide film on the other side surface of the workpiece 1 is removed. The After the oxide film on the other side surface of the material 1 to be measured is removed, the ultrasonic oscillator 2 irradiates one side surface of the material 1 to be measured (the bottom surface of the rolled product) with a pulse laser beam. Ultrasonic vibration is generated on the other surface of measurement material 1. Next, the ultrasonic detector 3 irradiates the other surface of the material 1 to be measured with CW laser light, and the reflected light of the CW laser light reflected on the other surface of the material 1 to be measured 1 is reflected by the ultrasonic detector 3. By receiving the light, the ultrasonic vibration generated on the other surface of the material to be measured 1 is detected by the ultrasonic detector 3. The detection signal detected by the ultrasonic detector 3 is captured by a digital waveform memory (for example, a digital oscilloscope) or the like and output to the signal processing means 4.

[0032] Note that, in the above process, the laser output of the surface removing device 6 requires a power of a predetermined value or more in order to remove the target oxide film. Therefore, in practice, it is necessary to adjust the laser output of the surface removing device 6. In intensive adjustment, for example, after irradiating the other surface of the material 1 to be measured 1 with a pulse laser beam from the surface removal device 6, the output of the ultrasonic detector 3 is checked to determine the removal state of the oxide film. to decide. If it is determined that the removal of the oxide film is insufficient, that is, if the output of the ultrasonic detector 3 is not sufficient, the laser output of the surface removal device 6 is increased to increase the other surface of the workpiece 1 The pulse laser beam is again irradiated to the ultrasonic detector 3 and the output of the ultrasonic detector 3 is checked. If it is recognized that the output of the ultrasonic detector 3 is not sufficient even after re-irradiation, the laser output of the surface removal device 6 is gradually increased while a pulse laser is applied to the other surface of the material 1 to be measured. Irradiate light and check the output of the ultrasonic detector 3 for each irradiation. Then, when a sufficient and appropriate output of the ultrasonic detector 3 is obtained, the increase in the laser output of the surface removing device 6 is stopped.

Next, the operation of the signal processing means 4 that has received the detection signal from the ultrasonic detector 3 will be described. FIG. 4 is a main part configuration diagram showing the tissue material measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and particularly shows the configuration of the signal processing means 4 and the particle size calculating means 5. Fig 4 The signal processing means 4 comprises, for example, a coarse / fine wave echo extraction means 15, a frequency analysis means 16, a frequency-specific attenuation curve identification means 17, and a multi-order function fitting means 18.

In the signal processing means 4, first, a plurality of coarse / fine wave echo signals are collected by the coarse / fine wave echo extraction means 15 based on the detection signal input from the ultrasonic detector 3. Next, the frequency analysis means 16 performs frequency analysis of a plurality of collected dense and dense wave echo signals, and calculates the difference in spectral intensity of the multiple echo signals of the measured material 1 surface force attenuation for each frequency. To do. Next, if necessary, perform diffusion attenuation correction and transmission loss correction to calculate the frequency characteristics of the attenuation constant. For the frequency characteristics of the attenuation constant, the coefficient vector of the multi-order function is obtained by fitting a multi-order function such as a quartic curve using the least square method.

[0035] Then, from the coefficient vector of the multi-order function obtained by fitting a quartic curve to the above attenuation constant by the least square method or the like, and the scattering coefficient S obtained from the measured material 1 for calibration , Measured value of crystal grain size before correction by volume ratio of each substructure

Calculate 0

[0036] The processing steps will be specifically described below.

The ultrasonic detector 3 measures an ultrasonic pulse train such as a first ultrasonic pulse, a second ultrasonic pulse,. At this time, the energy 1 included in each ultrasonic pulse is gradually reduced due to loss during reflection and attenuation due to propagation in the material 1 to be measured. That is, when only the first ultrasonic pulse and the second ultrasonic pulse are taken out and frequency-analyzed, and the respective energy (power spectrum) is obtained, the second ultrasonic pulse is measured more than the first ultrasonic pulse. Since the propagation distance is long by twice the thickness t of material 1, energy attenuation occurs according to the above equation (1). In addition, as the difference from the power spectrum of the first ultrasonic pulse, the amount of attenuation between the two is obtained as a curve that rises to the right. This curve corresponds to multiplying the attenuation constant a in the above equation (2) by the propagation distance difference 2t. From this, each coefficient of the above equation (2) at the unit propagation distance is obtained by the least square method or the like. Then, the scattering constant S previously obtained from the standard sample and a of the coefficients obtained as described above

4, the measured value d of the crystal grain size can be obtained by calculating back the above equation (3). [0037] According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the provision of the surface removing device 6 makes it possible to remove the acid film on the other surface of the material 1 to be measured. That is, in the tissue material measuring device having the above-described configuration, the oxide film on the other surface of the material to be measured 1 is removed by the pulse laser beam generated from the surface removing device 6, and then a pulse is applied from the ultrasonic oscillator 2 to the material to be measured 1. The ultrasonic vibration generated in the measurement object 1 is detected by the ultrasonic detector 3 by irradiating the laser beam. For this reason, when the CW laser beam is irradiated from the ultrasonic detector 3 onto the material 1 to be measured, the oxide film on the other surface of the material 1 to be measured has been removed, and the return to the ultrasonic detector 3 has occurred. The resolution of the ultrasonic detector 3 can be greatly improved by increasing the amount of light.

[0038] Further, the surface removal device 6 has an optical path of the output pulsed laser light having an inclination Θ of 0 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees with respect to the optical path of the CW laser light emitted from the ultrasonic detector 3. It is in place. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the pulsed laser light output from the surface removing device 6 from being reflected by the material to be measured 1 and directly entering the ultrasonic detector 3. In addition, since the surface removing device 6 has the above-described arrangement, the ultrasonic detector 3 can be installed substantially perpendicular to the material 1 to be measured, and ultrasonic vibration can be detected efficiently. . Since the surface removal device 6 is activated before the ultrasonic detector 3 is activated to remove the oxide film, the pulse laser light from the surface removal device 6 generates a plate wave in the performance of the ultrasonic detector 3, etc. There will be no adverse effects.

[0039] When the material measuring device is used in a rolling line, the ultrasonic detector 3 and the surface removal device 6 are installed above the rolled product, and the ultrasonic oscillator 2 is installed below the rolled product. As a result, it is possible to avoid falling objects such as water vapor and dust generated in the rolling line force and retention on the lower surface of the rolled product, and to minimize the adverse effects of ultrasonic vibration detection. Therefore, even in the environment where the rolling product is moving in the rolling line, the ultrasonic detector 3 can detect the ultrasonic vibration efficiently and safely, and the measurement of the crystal grain size is ensured in a non-destructive manner. It becomes possible to carry out.

[0040] In the first embodiment, the ultrasonic oscillator 2 is installed below the rolled product flowing through the rolling line, and the ultrasonic detector 3 and the surface removing device 6 are installed above the rolled product flowing through the rolling line. However, depending on the environmental conditions in which the tissue material measuring device is installed, the arrangement can be arbitrarily selected. That is, depending on the installation environment, Install the ultrasonic oscillator 2 above the rolled product and irradiate the upper surface of the rolled product with the pulsed laser light from the ultrasonic oscillator 2, and install the ultrasonic detector 3 and the surface removal device 6 below the rolled product. In addition, the bottom surface of the rolled product may be irradiated with the CW laser light from the ultrasonic detector 3 and the pulsed laser light from the surface removal device 6.

[0041] Embodiment 2.

FIG. 5 is a main part configuration diagram showing the tissue material measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and specifically shows the configuration of the ultrasonic detector 3 in particular. In FIG. 5, the ultrasonic detector 3 includes a CW laser 7, a mirror 8, a beam splitter 9, a photorefractive element 19, and a photodetector 12. That is, the ultrasonic detector 3 is a photorefractive ultrasonic detector using the photorefractive element 19, and the rest has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.

[0042] In the ultrasonic detector 3 having a powerful configuration, the laser light output from the CW laser 7 is reflected by the mirror 8 and then enters the beam splitter 9 to be measured on the other surface of the material 1 to be measured. Is split into a laser beam irradiated on the laser beam and a laser beam directly incident on the photorefractive element 19 as reference light. In addition, the reflected light reflected on the other surface of the measurement target material 1 that vibrates ultrasonically passes through the beam splitter 9 and enters the photorefractive element 19. In the photorefractive element 19, the reflected light and the reference light are caused to interfere within the crystal, and the interference light is directly incident on the detector 12.

[0043] When the photorefractive element 19 is used in an interferometer, there is a restriction that a surface displacement exceeding the wavelength 1Z8 of the received light cannot be detected. This restriction is particularly problematic when measuring thin plates of 2 mm or less. For this reason, the surface displacement is 66.5 nm (wavelength 532 nm = green) or 133 nm (wavelength 1064 nm = infrared) in order to reduce the laser output of the ultrasonic oscillator 2 so that the amplitude falls within the range of the above constraint value. In the case of exceeding, it is necessary to reduce the laser output of the ultrasonic oscillator 2 and reduce the surface displacement itself. Alternatively, it is necessary to suppress plate wave vibration by reducing the spot diameter without lowering the laser output of the ultrasonic oscillator 2. Note that the laser beam from the ultrasonic oscillator 2 has a spot diameter reduced to a lower limit before reaching the material 1 to be measured without causing abrasion in the space. [0044] According to the second embodiment of the present invention, by adopting the photorefractive ultrasonic detector 3, the reflection mirror 13a is compared with the case where the Fabry-Perot ultrasonic detector 3 is employed. In addition, it is possible to reduce the number of parts that are easily affected by external disturbances such as external vibration such as 13b and 13b, and precise mechanism parts such as the actuator 14 and the control mechanism. For this reason, it is possible to realize stable measurement over a long time even in a rolling line that is not easily affected by disturbances such as vibration and has a poor environment.

[0045] In particular, when performing on-line measurement in a hot rolling line, vibration caused by passage of the rolling mill and the material to be rolled, etc., and cooling line force on the material to be rolled to control the temperature of the material to be rolled. Water vapor generated when spraying cooling water is generated, and the measurement environment is poor. In addition, the hot rolled material reaches about 500 degrees force and about 900 degrees, and the temperature near the rolled material is very high. Therefore, by employing the photorefractive ultrasonic detector 3, it is possible to provide a tissue material measuring apparatus suitable for the above environment.

[0046] Further, by reducing the spot diameter without lowering the output of the pulse laser beam from the ultrasonic oscillator 2, the amplitude of the low frequency vibration is reduced, and instead the ultrasonic wave necessary for measuring the crystal grain size is reduced. The amplitude of the wave component increases. For this reason, it is possible to avoid plate wave vibration that causes a decrease in measurement accuracy, and to detect ultrasonic vibration that is effective in measuring tissue material.

[0047] Embodiment 3.

FIG. 6 is a view showing the arrangement of the tissue material measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the ultrasonic oscillator 2, the ultrasonic detector 3, and the surface removing device 6 have the same configuration and arrangement as in the first or second embodiment. 20 is provided above the rolled product (material to be measured 1) flowing in the rolling line, and in the vicinity of the irradiation position of the pulse laser beam irradiated to the other surface of the material to be measured 1 from the surface removing device 6 and in the vicinity of the irradiation position. This is a gas jetting device for preventing the other side surface of the material to be measured 1 from which the acid film has been removed from being newly oxidized by blowing an inert gas such as nitrogen gas.

[0048] In the tissue material measuring apparatus having such a configuration, the surface of the material to be measured 1 is irradiated with pulsed laser light from the surface removing device 6 to remove the acid film, and then the acid film is removed. An inert gas is ejected from the gas ejection device 20 toward the part. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first and second embodiments. [0049] According to the third embodiment of the present invention, the state in which the other-side surface force of the material to be measured 1 is removed can be maintained for a certain period of time. The sensitivity can be improved and the crystal grain size can be measured more reliably.

[0050] Embodiment 4.

In the tissue material measuring apparatus according to this embodiment, the measurement point of the surface removal apparatus in Embodiment 1 or 2 is set to coincide with the measurement target point of the mechanical property or the tissue material information in the inspection line of the rolled product. This is determined using tracking information. The configuration will be described below with reference to FIGS.

[0051] Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing the main part of the rolling equipment in Embodiment 4 of the present invention, and Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing a prediction model of the yarn and fabric material. In FIG. 7, the strip 22 exiting the rolling mill 21 is cooled by the out-run table 23, and then wound up by a scraper to form a coil 24. Thereafter, the coil 24 is transported to the inspection line, a part of which is cut and added to the test piece. In the inspection line, the mechanical property measuring means 25 measures the mechanical properties such as tensile strength and yield stress of the specimen. Further, the structure material information measuring means 26 based on microscopic observation or the like measures the structure material information of the above-mentioned test piece in combination with the ferrite particle diameter and the volume fraction of each phase such as ferrite, pearlite, and bainite.

[0052] The tissue material measuring device 27 is installed on the exit side of the rolling mill 21 and in front of the scraper, and the crystal grain size measured by the tissue material measuring device 27 is measured by the tissue material information collecting means 28. Tissue material information is collected. The indication value from the tissue material measuring device 27 collected by the tissue material information collecting unit 28 and the actual measured value by the tissue material information actual measuring unit 26 are compared by the first tissue material information comparing unit 29. Then, the comparison result of the first tissue material information comparison unit 29 is reflected in the tissue material information collection unit 28 and used for calibration and accuracy check of the tissue material measurement device 27. The comparison result of the first tissue material information comparison means 29 is also used to improve the accuracy of the tuning parameter of the identification method when the tissue material measuring device 27 calculates the crystal grain size.

[0053] On the other hand, the process data collection unit 31 collects the load and speed data obtained from the rolling mill 21 and the temperature data obtained from the thermometer 30 installed before and after the rolling mill 21. . The measured process data is mechanically It is associated with the measurement target point of the property or tissue material information and time, and is stored as a database in, for example, a data storage means (not shown). Then, the material and process data in the data storage means are retrieved from the rolling time, etc., and the measurement point of the surface removal device matches the mechanical property in the inspection line or the measurement target point of the tissue material information. Similarly, the tissue material measuring device 27 is controlled.

[0054] In addition, process data such as strain, strain rate, and temperature obtained from the process data collection means 31 are transmitted to the tissue material information prediction means 32, and the tissue material information is converted into a mathematical model by the tissue material information prediction means 32. Is calculated by Hereinafter, a calculation method in the tissue material information prediction unit 32 will be described with reference to FIG.

[0055] The tissue material model for calculating the tissue material information is roughly divided into a hot working model and a transformation model. The hot working model formulates phenomena such as dynamic recrystallization that occurs during rolling by the rolls of the rolling mill 21, recovery that occurs following dynamic recrystallization, static recrystallization, and grain growth. Therefore, it is prepared to calculate the austenite state such as the grain size (grain interfacial area per unit area) during and after rolling and the residual dislocation density. This hot working model is based on γ grain size, temperature based on temperature and speed, time information between passes, and equivalent strain / strain rate information based on rolling pattern. Is calculated. The temperature 'pass-to-pass time information and equivalent strain' strain rate information is based on the rolling conditions (inlet side plate thickness, outlet side plate thickness, heating temperature, pass-to-pass time, nozzle diameter, roll speed). Calculated.

[0056] The transformation model is provided to separate nucleation and growth, and to estimate the grain size, the fraction of pearlite and bainite, and so on, and the post-transformation structural state. This transformation model calculates the ferrite grain size, the fraction of each phase, and the like based on the temperature information based on the cooling pattern in the run-out table 23. The above temperature information is based on the cooling conditions (air cooling and water cooling classification, water density, cooling plate passage speed, component) and the transformation amount based on the transformation model.

Is calculated.

[0057] In addition to the hot working model and transformation model, in the case where the influence of a trace amount of added elements such as Nb, V, Ti, etc. is considered, the precipitation model may be used as appropriate in order to consider the influence of the precipitated particles. . Also, some metal materials such as aluminum and stainless steel are not transformed. Therefore, the above transformation model may not be used.

The tissue material information calculated by the tissue material information prediction unit 32 having the above configuration and the actual measurement value by the tissue material information actual measurement unit 26 are compared by the second tissue material information comparison unit 33. Then, the comparison result of the second tissue material information comparison means 33 is reflected in the tissue material information prediction means 32, so that the tissue material model is tuned and the prediction accuracy is improved.

[0059] Further, the process data obtained from the process data collection means 31 and the tissue material information calculated by the tissue material information prediction means 32 are transmitted to the mechanical property prediction means 34, and this mechanical property prediction is performed. In means 34, mechanical properties are calculated based on a predetermined prediction model. The mechanical property calculated by the mechanical property predicting means 34 and the actually measured value by the mechanical property measuring means 25 are compared by the mechanical property comparing means 35. Then, the comparison result of the mechanical property comparison unit 35 is reflected in the mechanical property prediction unit 34, so that the prediction model of the mechanical property is tuned and the prediction accuracy is improved.

[0060] According to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, there is provided a tissue material measuring apparatus that detects effective ultrasonic vibration with respect to a target point of tissue material measurement, even if the environment is bad and the rolling line is used. It can be provided.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another configuration of the rolling equipment in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the configuration of the fourth embodiment, the input configuration may be changed as shown in FIG. That is, the input to the second tissue material information comparison unit 33 is an indication value from the tissue material measurement device 27 collected by the tissue material information collection unit 28 instead of the actual measurement value from the tissue material information measurement unit 26. It may be. Further, the input to the mechanical property prediction means 34 is an indication value from the tissue material measurement device 27 collected by the tissue material information collection means 28 instead of the tissue material information calculated by the tissue material information prediction means 32. It may be. According to the above configuration, the same effect as described above can be obtained.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the spirit of the invention in the implementation stage. In addition, various combinations of a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the above embodiments can be used to An invention can be formed. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, the constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.

Industrial applicability

As described above, according to the tissue material measuring apparatus according to the present invention, since the ultrasonic vibration generated on the other side surface is detected in a state where the oxide film of the measured material is removed, the ultrasonic vibration is detected. The amount of light returned to the ultrasonic detector can be greatly increased, and the crystal grain size of the material to be measured can be reliably measured.

In addition, it is possible to remove the oxide film on the material to be measured and measure the crystal grain size non-destructively. It is.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] A texture material measuring apparatus for measuring a texture material of a rolled product flowing in a rolling line, wherein one side surface of the rolled product is irradiated with laser light, and ultrasonic vibration is applied to the other surface of the rolled product. An ultrasonic oscillator to be generated;

Ultrasonic waves that detect ultrasonic vibration generated on the other surface of the rolled product by irradiating the other surface of the rolled product with laser light and receiving reflected light from the other surface of the rolled product. A detector;

A particle size calculating means for calculating a crystal grain size of the rolled product based on a detection result by the ultrasonic detector;

A surface removing device for irradiating a laser beam to an irradiation position of the laser beam irradiated on the other side surface of the rolled product from the ultrasonic detector to remove an oxide film on the other side surface of the rolled product;

An apparatus for measuring tissue material, comprising:

[2] A structure material measuring apparatus for measuring a texture material of a rolled product flowing in a rolling line, wherein a laser beam is irradiated on one side surface of the rolled product, and ultrasonic vibration is applied to the other side surface of the rolled product. An ultrasonic oscillator to be generated;

A gas ejection device for ejecting an inert gas to the other surface of the rolled product from which the oxide film has been removed by the surface removal device, and preventing the other surface of the rolled product from being newly oxidized. ,

An apparatus for measuring tissue material, comprising:

[3] The optical path of the laser beam irradiated from the surface removal device to the rolled product is the ultrasonic detection described above in order to prevent the laser beam irradiated by the surface removal device force from being directly incident on the ultrasonic detector. The tissue material measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tissue material measuring device has a predetermined inclination with respect to an optical path of laser light applied to the rolled product.

[4] According to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the measurement point of the surface removal device is determined so as to coincide with the measurement target point of the mechanical property and structure material information in the inspection line of the rolled product. The tissue material measuring apparatus described.

[5] A structure material measurement method for measuring a structure material of a rolled product flowing in a rolling line, from a surface removing device to an irradiation position of a laser beam irradiated on the other side surface of the rolled product from an ultrasonic detector. Irradiating a laser beam to remove an oxide film on the other surface of the rolled product;

Removing an oxide film on the other side surface of the rolled product, and then irradiating one side surface of the rolled product from an ultrasonic oscillator to generate ultrasonic vibrations on the other side surface of the rolled product; ,

The other side of the rolled product is irradiated by irradiating the other side surface of the rolled product with laser light from the ultrasonic detector and receiving reflected light of the other side surface force of the rolled product with the ultrasonic detector. Detecting ultrasonic vibration generated on the surface;

Calculating a grain size of the rolled product based on a detection result by the ultrasonic detector;

A method for measuring tissue material, comprising:

[6] A material measurement method for measuring a texture material of a rolled product flowing in a rolling line, wherein a laser beam is emitted from a surface removing device to an irradiation position of a laser beam irradiated on the other surface of the rolled product from an ultrasonic detector. Irradiating with light to remove an oxide film on the other surface of the rolled product;

Injecting an inert gas onto the other surface of the rolled product from which the acid soot film has been removed;

After removing the oxide film on the other surface of the rolled product, a laser beam is irradiated from the ultrasonic oscillator to one surface of the rolled product, and ultrasonic vibration is applied to the other surface of the rolled product. Generating steps;

A method for measuring tissue material, comprising:

[7] adjusting the laser light output from the surface removal device based on the detection result of the ultrasonic detector;

The tissue material measuring method according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising:

[8] adjusting the measurement point of the surface removal device to match the measurement target point of the mechanical property and structure material information in the inspection line of the rolled product;