WO2007017066A1 - Elektrolumineszierende polymere und ihre verwendung - Google Patents
Elektrolumineszierende polymere und ihre verwendung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007017066A1 WO2007017066A1 PCT/EP2006/007105 EP2006007105W WO2007017066A1 WO 2007017066 A1 WO2007017066 A1 WO 2007017066A1 EP 2006007105 W EP2006007105 W EP 2006007105W WO 2007017066 A1 WO2007017066 A1 WO 2007017066A1
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 aromatic radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001792 phenanthrenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC12)* 0.000 claims description 10
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000547 conjugated polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004770 highest occupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- CUFNKYGDVFVPHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azulene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC2=C1 CUFNKYGDVFVPHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoxaline Chemical compound N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XXPBFNVKTVJZKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene Chemical class C1=CC=C2CCC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 XXPBFNVKTVJZKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SNFCXVRWFNAHQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,9'-spirobi[fluorene] Chemical class C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C21 SNFCXVRWFNAHQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005553 heteroaryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- ZIZMDHZLHJBNSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydrophenazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N=C(C=CCC3)C3=NC2=C1 ZIZMDHZLHJBNSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 claims description 2
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TZMSYXZUNZXBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenoxazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TZMSYXZUNZXBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XDFUNRTWHPWCKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,9,10-tetrahydropyrene Chemical class C1CC2=CC=CC3=C2C2=C1C=CC=C2CC3 XDFUNRTWHPWCKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WPCIUCNVWJNRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dihydropyrene Chemical class C1=CC=C2CCC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C34 WPCIUCNVWJNRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MZCJSUCRGWIKHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6,7-dihydrobenzo[d][1]benzoxepine Chemical class O1CCC2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 MZCJSUCRGWIKHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzidine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- PJULCNAVAGQLAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indeno[2,1-a]fluorene Chemical class C1=CC=C2C=C3C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C4=CC=C3C2=C1 PJULCNAVAGQLAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NFBOHOGPQUYFRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 NFBOHOGPQUYFRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical class [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001791 phenazinyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- GJSGGHOYGKMUPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxathiine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 GJSGGHOYGKMUPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- GVIJJXMXTUZIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N thianthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 GVIJJXMXTUZIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004958 1,4-naphthylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006619 Stille reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001716 carbazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RICKKZXCGCSLIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[carboxymethyl-[[3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl]methyl]amino]ethyl-[[3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl]methyl]amino]acetic acid Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CN(CCN(CC(O)=O)CC=2C(=C(C)N=CC=2CO)O)CC(O)=O)=C1O RICKKZXCGCSLIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037230 mobility Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002987 phenanthrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- LHIVXBCFCIUAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dibromo-9,10-dimethylphenanthrene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C2C(C)=C(C)C3=CC=C(Br)C=C3C2=C1 LHIVXBCFCIUAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- CCERQOYLJJULMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;carbanide;chloride Chemical compound [CH3-].[Mg+2].[Cl-] CCERQOYLJJULMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ICPSWZFVWAPUKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-spirobi[fluorene] Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C4(C=5C(C6=CC=CC=C6C=5)=CC=C4)C=CC=C3C2=C1 ICPSWZFVWAPUKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYCFMDRSMPBMEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10,10-dimethyl-9h-phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)(C)CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 RYCFMDRSMPBMEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMUBMBUTYVFWIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dibromo-10,10-dimethyl-9h-phenanthren-9-ol Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C2C(C)(C)C(O)C3=CC=C(Br)C=C3C2=C1 ZMUBMBUTYVFWIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWGYYLFNBOQXHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dibromo-10,10-dimethylphenanthren-9-one Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C2C(C)(C)C(=O)C3=CC=C(Br)C=C3C2=C1 QWGYYLFNBOQXHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOSUYTHQXBZBPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dibromo-9,10-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C(C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1C1=CC(Br)=CC=C11)=C1C1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1 XOSUYTHQXBZBPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJNVVLZRPVIRSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dibromo-9,10-dimethylphenanthrene-9,10-diol Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C2C(O)(C)C(C)(O)C3=CC=C(Br)C=C3C2=C1 WJNVVLZRPVIRSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPEJBJRFPBMVGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dibromophenanthrene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=C(Br)C=C2C3=CC(Br)=CC=C3C(=O)C(=O)C2=C1 WPEJBJRFPBMVGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006443 Buchwald-Hartwig cross coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000144 PEDOT:PSS Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenanthrene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUCKTGQCYNUHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Cl-].CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C([Mg+])C=C1 Chemical compound [Cl-].CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C([Mg+])C=C1 GUCKTGQCYNUHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005264 aryl amine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003613 toluenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/02—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/02—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes
- C08G61/10—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aromatic carbon atoms, e.g. polyphenylenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/122—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/122—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides
- C08G61/123—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds
- C08G61/126—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds with a five-membered ring containing one sulfur atom in the ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B69/00—Dyes not provided for by a single group of this subclass
- C09B69/10—Polymeric dyes; Reaction products of dyes with monomers or with macromolecular compounds
- C09B69/105—Polymeric dyes; Reaction products of dyes with monomers or with macromolecular compounds containing a methine or polymethine dye
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- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
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- H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to polymers, preferably electroluminescent polymers containing at least 5 mol% of structural units of the formula (1) and their use.
- the polymers according to the invention exhibit improved efficiency and a longer service life, especially when used in polymeric organic light-emitting diodes.
- full-color display elements full-color displays
- various classes of materials have already been proposed or developed.
- poly-fluorene derivatives and poly-spirobifluorene, poly-Dihydrophenanthren- and poly-Indenofluoren- derivatives come into consideration.
- Polymers which contain a combination of the mentioned structural elements have also been proposed.
- polymers containing poly-para-phenylene (PPP) as a structural element are used.
- the life of the green and especially the blue-emitting polymers is not sufficient for many applications.
- the new structural units are particularly suitable as a polymer backbone, but depending on the substitution pattern as a hole conductor, electron conductor and / or emitter.
- phenanthrenes in electroluminescent polymers is known, it is disclosed, for example, in WO 02/077060 A1, WO 03/020790 A2 and DE 10337346 A1.
- these structural elements as well as a large number of other monomers, as possible further elements, in addition to the actual polymer backbone, may be present. Special advantages of these units are not described.
- the use of unsubstituted phenanthrene units leads to insoluble polymers, so that these units can be used at most in a small proportion.
- the invention relates to polymers containing at least 5 mol%, preferably at least 10 mol%, particularly preferably at least 30 mol% and in particular at least 50 mol% of units of the formula (1),
- Y is the same or different at each occurrence as a bivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 2 to 40
- R 2 is the same or different at each occurrence and is H or an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 C atoms;
- Ar is the same or different at each occurrence and is a monovalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 2 to 40 C atoms, which may be unsubstituted or substituted by R 1 ; n is the same or different at each occurrence 0 or 1;
- n is the same or different 0, 1 or 2 at each occurrence
- An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system in the context of the present invention is to be understood as meaning a system which does not necessarily contain only aromatic or heteroaromatic groups but in which also several aromatic or heteroaromatic groups are protected by a short non-aromatic unit ( ⁇ 10%).
- the atoms other than H, preferably ⁇ 5% of the atoms other than H), such as sp 3 -hybridized C, O, N, etc. may be interrupted.
- systems such as 9,9 'spirobifluorene, 9,9-diarylfluorene, triarylamine, etc. are to be understood as aromatic ring systems.
- One aspect of the invention is conjugated polymers. Another aspect of the invention is non-conjugated polymers. In yet another aspect of the invention are partially conjugated polymers. Preference is given to conjugated or partially conjugated polymers.
- Conjugated polymers in the context of this invention are polymers which contain in the main chain mainly sp 2 -hybridized carbon atoms, which may also be replaced by corresponding heteroatoms. This means in the simplest case, alternating existence of double and Single bonds in the main chain. Mainly, of course, suggests that naturally occurring defects that lead to conjugation disruptions do not invalidate the term "conjugated polymer".
- conjugated if in the main chain, for example arylamine units and / or certain heterocycles (ie conjugation of N, O or S atoms) and / or organometallic complexes (ie, conjugation via the metal atom) ,
- units such as simple alkyl bridges, (thio) ether, ester, amide or imide linkages are clearly defined as non-conjugated segments.
- a partially conjugated polymer is meant a polymer in which longer conjugated portions in the main chain are interrupted by non-conjugated portions, or which contains longer conjugated portions in the side chains of a non-conjugated polymer in the main chain.
- the polymers according to the invention may contain, in addition to the units of the formula (1), further structural elements. These are u. a. those as disclosed in WO 02/077060 A1 and DE 10337346 A1 and listed extensively. These are considered via quotation as part of the present invention.
- the further structural units can come, for example, from the following classes:
- Group 1 units which increase the hole injection and / or transport properties of the polymers
- Group 2 units which increase the electron injection and / or transport properties of the polymers
- Group 3 units comprising combinations of Group 1 and Group 2 individual units
- Group 4 units which change the emission characteristics to the extent that electrophosphorescence can be obtained instead of electrofluorescence
- Group 5 units which improve the transition from the so-called singlet to triplet state
- Group 6 Units which have the morphology and / or the
- Group 7 units which are typically used as backbone.
- Preferred polymers according to the invention are those in which at least one structural element has charge transport properties, ie. H. contain the units from groups 1 and / or 2.
- Structural elements from group 1 which have hole transport properties are, for example, triarylamine, benzidine, tetraaryl-para-phenylenediamine, triarylphosphine, phenothiazine, phenoxazine,
- HOMO highest occupied molecular orbital
- these arylamines and heterocycles lead to a HOMO in the polymer of greater than -5.8 eV (at vacuum level), more preferably greater than -5.5 eV.
- Group 2 structural elements which have electron transport properties are, for example, but also pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine, oxadiazole, quinoline, quinoxaline and phenazine derivatives
- these units in the polymer result in a LUMO of less than -2.7 eV (vs. vacuum level), more preferably less than -3.0 eV.
- the polymers according to the invention may contain units from group 3 in which structures which increase hole mobility and which increase electron mobility (that is to say units from groups 1 and 2) are bonded directly to one another. Some of these Units can serve as emitters and shift the emission color to green, yellow or red. Their use is thus suitable, for example, for the production of other emission colors from originally blue-emitting polymers.
- Structural units according to group 4 are those which also in
- Room temperature with high efficiency from the triplet state can emit light, so show electrophosphorescence instead of electrofluorescence, which often causes an increase in energy efficiency.
- Compounds which contain heavy atoms with an atomic number of more than 36 are suitable for this purpose.
- structural units for the polymers of the invention come here z.
- various complexes are contemplated, e.g. in WO 02/068435 A1, DE 10116962 A1, EP 1239526 A2 and DE 10238903 A1 are described.
- Corresponding monomers are described in WO 02/068435 A1 and in DE 10350606 A1.
- Group 5 structural elements are those which improve the singlet to triplet state transition and which, when used in support of the Group 4 structural elements, improve the phosphorescence properties of these structural elements.
- carbazole and bridged carbazole eligible W it ie in DE 10304819 A1 and DE 10328627 A1 describes.
- ketones, phosphine oxides, sulfoxides, sulfones, silane derivatives and similar compounds are also suitable for this purpose.
- Influencing the emission color of the polymers in addition to those mentioned above, which have at least one further aromatic or another conjugated structure, which does not fall under the above groups, ie, which affect the charge carrier mobilities, which are not organometallic complexes or have no influence on the Have singlet-triplet transition.
- Such structural elements may affect the morphology and / or the emission color of the resulting polymers. Depending on the unit, they can therefore also be used as emitters.
- Particularly preferred is the incorporation of 1, 4 phenylene, 1, 4-naphthlenylene, 1, 4 or 9,10-anthrylene, 1, 6, 2,7 or 4,9-pyrenylene , 3,9- or 3,10-perylenylene, 4,4'-biphenylylene, 4,4 "-terpenylylene, 4,4'-Bi-I 1 I 1 -naphthylylene, 4,4'-tolanylene-, 4,4'-stilbenylene or 4,4 "bisstyrylarylene derivatives.
- Group 7 structural elements are units containing aromatic structures having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms, which are typically used as a backbone polymer. These are, for example, 4,5 dihydropyrene derivatives, 4,5,9,10-tetrahydropyrene derivatives, fluorene derivatives, 9,9 'spirobifluorene derivatives, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene derivatives, 5,7-dihydrodibenzooxepine derivatives and cis and trans indenofluorene derivatives.
- the proportion of units according to formula (1) is very particularly preferably at least 50 mol%, these structural elements from group 7 are not used here preferably as the main polymer backbone, but at most as a backbone which is present in minor proportion.
- polymers according to the invention which, in addition to structural units of the formula (1), additionally contain one or more units selected from groups 1 to 7. It may also be preferred if more than one structural unit from a group is present at the same time.
- the proportion of units of the formula (1) is preferably at least 10 mol%, more preferably at least 30 mol% and in particular at least 50 mol%. This preference applies especially when the units of formula (1) are the polymer backbone.
- other proportions may be preferred, for example, a proportion of the order of 5 to 20 mol%, if it is the Hole conductor or the emitter is in an electroluminescent polymer.
- the preferred proportion may again be different, for example, up to 100 mol%, when it comes to hole- or electron-conducting units.
- polymers according to the invention which, in addition to structural units of the formula (1), also contain at least one structural unit from the abovementioned groups. Particularly preferred are at least two structural units from different of the above classes. If present, the proportion of these structural elements is preferably at least 5 mol%, particularly preferably at least 10 mol% in each case. In particular, one of these structural units is selected from the group of hole-conducting units and the other group is an emitting unit, whereby these two functions (hole conduction and emission) can also be assumed by the same unit.
- a smaller proportion of the emitting units in particular green and red emitting units, may also be preferred, for example for the synthesis of white-emitting copolymers. How white, emitting copolymers can be synthesized is described in detail in DE 10343606 A1.
- the polymers according to the invention generally have 10 to 10,000, preferably 50 to 5000, and particularly preferably 50 to 2000 repeat units.
- the necessary solubility of the polymers is ensured, inter alia, by the substituents R or R 1 on the units of the formula (1) and optionally on further units present. If further substituents are present, these too may contribute to the solubility.
- At least 2 non-aromatic C atoms be present in the substituents.
- These C atoms can also be replaced by O or S.
- this may well mean that a certain proportion of repeating units carries no further non-aromatic substituents.
- Non-aromatic C atoms are included in corresponding straight chain, branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy chains as described in the description for R and R 1 with respect to formula (1).
- Y is the same or different at each occurrence and is a bivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 4 to 30 C atoms, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 ;
- Ar is the same or different at each occurrence and is a monovalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 4 to 30 carbon atoms, which may be unsubstituted or substituted by R 1 ;
- n is the same or different at each occurrence 0 or 1;
- the two radicals R together may also form a further mono- or polycyclic ring system;
- Y is the same or different at each occurrence and is a bivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 25 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more non-aromatic radicals R 1 ;
- Ar is the same or different monovalent with each occurrence
- n is the same or different at each occurrence 0 or 1;
- the units of the formula (1) are particularly suitable for various functions in the polymer.
- these units can preferably be used as (electron-conducting) polymer backbone, as a hole conductor or as an emitter.
- which compounds are suitable in particular for which function is determined primarily by the substituents X and Y.
- the substituents R have a less pronounced influence on the electronic properties of the units of formula (1).
- n 0 at each occurrence, ie it is a purely aromatic structural unit.
- n 1;
- n 1;
- units of formula (1) which are symmetrically substituted in the 9,10-positions of the phenanthrene units. This preference is due to the better synthetic accessibility of the To justify monomers. Preferably, therefore, that in a unit of the formula (1) all R are the same and particularly preferably also the same substituted. This preference does not exclude that the substituents X and Y occur only on one side or may also be different.
- Examples of preferred units of the formula (1) are the following structures (S1) to (S33), wherein the linkage in the polymer takes place respectively via the 3,6-positions of the phenanthrene units, as indicated by the dashed bonds. Possible substituents are generally not listed or not everywhere because of the clarity.
- alkyl is generally an aliphatic alkyl group
- aryl is an aromatic or heteroaromatic system as described for R.
- the structures (S1) to (S18) are examples of skeleton units, the structures (S19) to (S30) examples of emitting units and the structures (S31) to (S33) examples of hole-conducting units.
- the polymers of the invention are either homopolymers or copolymers.
- copolymers according to the invention can potentially have one or more further structures, for example from the abovementioned groups 1 to 7.
- copolymers according to the invention may have random, alternating or block-like structures or alternatively have several of these structures in turn.
- copolymers with block-like structures for example, is described in detail in the DE 10337077 A1. This publication is incorporated by reference in the present application.
- properties such as solubility, solid phase morphology, color, charge injection and transport properties, temperature stability, electro-optical characteristics, etc. can be adjusted.
- the polymers according to the invention are generally prepared by polymerization of one or more types of monomer, of which at least one monomer in the polymer leads to units of the formula (1).
- Corresponding polymerization reactions are in principle many. However, some types have proved particularly useful here, leading to C-C or C-N linkages:
- Monomers which lead to structural units of the formula (1) in the polymers according to the invention are phenanthrene derivatives which are suitably substituted in the 9- and / or 10-position and in the 3,6-position (or in a suitable position Y, if present) have suitable functionalities that allow this monomer unit to be incorporated into the polymer.
- Monomers which lead to units of the formula (1) in the polymer are novel and therefore also the subject of the present invention.
- the invention furthermore relates to compounds of the formula (2)
- A is selected from Cl, Br, I, O-tosylate, O-triflate, 0-SO 2 R 2, B (OR 2) 2 and Sn (R 2) 3, more preferably from Br, I and B (OR 2 ) 2 , wherein R 2 has the same meaning as described above, and wherein two or more R 2 can also form a ring system with each other.
- the C-C linkages are preferably selected from the groups of the SUZUKI coupling, the YAMAMOTO coupling and the STILLE
- the C-N linkage is preferably a HARTWIG-BUCHWALD coupling.
- polymer according to the invention may be preferred not to use as a pure substance, but as a mixture (blend) together with further optional polymeric, oligomeric, dendritic or low molecular weight substances.
- additional optional polymeric, oligomeric, dendritic or low molecular weight substances can be used, for example, Improve niche properties, influence the transfer from the singlet to the triplet state or emit itself from the singlet or from the triplet state light.
- electronically inert substances may be useful to influence, for example, the morphology of the polymer film formed or the viscosity of polymer solutions. Such blends are therefore also the subject of the present invention.
- the invention furthermore relates to solutions and formulations of one or more polymers or blends according to the invention in one or more solvents.
- polymer solutions can be prepared is described, for example, in WO 02/072714 A1, in WO 03/019694 A2 and in the literature cited therein.
- These solutions can be used to prepare thin polymer layers, for example, by area coating methods (eg, spin coating) or printing methods (eg, ink jet printing).
- the polymers of the invention can be used in PLEDs. These contain cathode, anode, emission layer and optionally further layers, such as. B. preferably a Lochinjetechnischs slaughter and optionally an intermediate layer between the Lochinjetechnischs- and the emission layer. How PLEDs can be produced is described in detail as a general method in DE 10304819 A1, which is to be adapted accordingly for the individual case.
- the polymers according to the invention are very particularly suitable as electroluminescent materials in the PLEDs or displays produced in this way.
- electroluminescent materials in the context of the invention apply materials that can be used as an active layer in a PLED use.
- Active layer means that the layer is able to emit light upon application of an electric field (light-emitting layer) and / or that it improves the injection and / or transport of the positive and / or negative charges (charge injection or charge transport layer). It may also be an intermediate layer between a hole injection layer and an emission layer.
- the invention therefore also relates to the use of a polymer according to the invention in a PLED, in particular as an electroluminescent material.
- the invention thus likewise relates to a PLED having one or more active layers, wherein at least one of these active layers contains one or more polymers according to the invention.
- the active layer can be, for example, a light-emitting layer and / or a transport layer and / or a charge injection layer and / or an intermediate layer.
- the polymers according to the invention have the following surprising advantages over the poly-spirobifluorenes and polyfluorenes described in WO 03/020790 A2 and WO 02/077060 A1, which are hereby named as the closest prior art:
- Brightness which may be interesting for lighting applications, for example.
- the polymers according to the invention have higher operative lifetimes, in particular in the case of green and blue-emitting PLEDs.
- solubility behavior eg gelation temperature at a given concentration, viscosity at a given concentration
- solubility behavior eg gelation temperature at a given concentration, viscosity at a given concentration
- polymers of the invention the known polymers equivalent or have z. T. better solubility in a wider range of solvents and are therefore just as good or better for processing from solution, eg. B. by printing techniques.
- the polymers according to the invention are good electron conductors, even without the use of electron-conducting comonomers. Electron conductive properties in polymers have hitherto been difficult to realize because many prior art electron conductors are not sufficiently stable for high value applications.
- 10,10-dimethyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthren added dropwise in 150 ml of THF and then heated under reflux. Allow to cool to room temperature overnight, then carefully add 2 ml of water. After stirring for 15 minutes, 2 ml of 15% NaOH
- Example 2 The synthesis is carried out analogously to Example 1 using 4-tert-butylphenylmagnesium chloride instead of methylmagnesium chloride.
- the product is purified by repeated recrystallization from toluene and from chlorobenzene.
- the polymers are synthesized by SUZUKI coupling according to WO 03/048225.
- the composition of the synthesized polymers P1 to P3 is summarized in Table 1.
- the Comparative polymers V1 and V2 are synthesized which contain the monomers M4 and / or M5 instead of the monomers M1 and M2, which lead to units of the formula (1) in the polymer.
- the composition of these comparative polymers is also listed in Table 1.
- the polymers are investigated for use in PLEDs.
- the PLEDs are each two-layer systems, i. H.
- PEDOT is a polythiophene derivative (Baytron P, by H.C. Starck, Goslar).
- the cathode used is Ba / Ag (Aldrich) in all cases. How PLEDs are represented is described in detail in WO 04/037887 and the literature cited therein.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP06762700A EP1913797A1 (de) | 2005-08-10 | 2006-07-19 | Elektrolumineszierende polymere und ihre verwendung |
CN2006800287734A CN101238756B (zh) | 2005-08-10 | 2006-07-19 | 电致发光聚合物和其用途 |
US12/063,363 US20100288974A1 (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2006-07-19 | Electroluminescent polymers and use thereof |
KR1020087005616A KR101318070B1 (ko) | 2005-08-10 | 2006-07-19 | 전계발광 중합체 및 이의 용도 |
JP2008525414A JP5474348B2 (ja) | 2005-08-10 | 2006-07-19 | エレクトロルミネセントポリマー及びそれの使用 |
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DE102005037734.3 | 2005-08-10 | ||
DE102005037734.3A DE102005037734B4 (de) | 2005-08-10 | 2005-08-10 | Elektrolumineszierende Polymere, ihre Verwendung und bifunktionelle monomere Verbindungen |
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WO2007017066A1 true WO2007017066A1 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
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US (1) | US20100288974A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1913797A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5474348B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR101318070B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101238756B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102005037734B4 (de) |
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DE102008018670A1 (de) | 2008-04-14 | 2009-10-15 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Neue Materialien für organische Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtungen |
DE102008027005A1 (de) | 2008-06-05 | 2009-12-10 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Organische elektronische Vorrichtung enthaltend Metallkomplexe |
DE102008033943A1 (de) | 2008-07-18 | 2010-01-21 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Neue Materialien für organische Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtungen |
DE102008050841A1 (de) | 2008-10-08 | 2010-04-15 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Neue Materialien für organische Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtungen |
DE102008056688A1 (de) | 2008-11-11 | 2010-05-12 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Materialien für organische Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtungen |
DE102008057050A1 (de) | 2008-11-13 | 2010-05-20 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Materialien für organische Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtungen |
DE102008057051A1 (de) | 2008-11-13 | 2010-05-20 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Materialien für organische Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtungen |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101238756B (zh) | 2010-10-06 |
JP5474348B2 (ja) | 2014-04-16 |
KR20080033523A (ko) | 2008-04-16 |
DE102005037734B4 (de) | 2018-02-08 |
JP2009504811A (ja) | 2009-02-05 |
CN101238756A (zh) | 2008-08-06 |
US20100288974A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
KR101318070B1 (ko) | 2013-10-15 |
DE102005037734A1 (de) | 2007-02-22 |
EP1913797A1 (de) | 2008-04-23 |
TW200720371A (en) | 2007-06-01 |
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