WO2007093126A1 - Système de réseau de transmission multimédia en continu, procédé de mise en oeuvre et entité d'activation de service de transmission multimédia en continu - Google Patents
Système de réseau de transmission multimédia en continu, procédé de mise en oeuvre et entité d'activation de service de transmission multimédia en continu Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007093126A1 WO2007093126A1 PCT/CN2007/000556 CN2007000556W WO2007093126A1 WO 2007093126 A1 WO2007093126 A1 WO 2007093126A1 CN 2007000556 W CN2007000556 W CN 2007000556W WO 2007093126 A1 WO2007093126 A1 WO 2007093126A1
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- service
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
- H04L65/1016—IP multimedia subsystem [IMS]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
- H04L65/612—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for unicast
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/2866—Architectures; Arrangements
- H04L67/30—Profiles
- H04L67/306—User profiles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
- H04M3/42017—Customized ring-back tones
Definitions
- Streaming media network system implementation method of streaming media service and enabling entity
- the present invention relates to streaming media technologies, and in particular, to an implementation technology of an IMS-based streaming media service. Background technique
- the streaming media service is a new business that has developed rapidly in recent years.
- the streaming media service uses streaming communication technology to transmit multimedia content data such as video and audio on a packet switched network.
- the main feature of streaming technology is that the continuous video and audio data are processed and placed on the web server, so that users can watch and listen while downloading, without having to download the entire file to the user terminal. Watch and listen.
- IPTV Internet of Television
- the existing IPTV network architecture mainly includes:
- Operation support system for providing billing, authentication, content management, digital rights management and other functions.
- Service application layer used for content codec conversion, compression, encryption and other pre-processing, user's business management, electronic program generation and delivery, and also provides web portal and application functions, such as video on demand (VOD, Video on Demond) ) TV (TV, Television), advertising, etc.
- VOD video on demand
- TV TV, Television
- advertising etc.
- a content/media distribution network including a central media server (CS), an edge media server (ES), and a server providing media scheduling and distribution control, and a content/media distribution network for distributing content resources to an edge media server required by the user, Reduce the burden on the network from streaming media services.
- CS central media server
- ES edge media server
- server providing media scheduling and distribution control
- a content/media distribution network for distributing content resources to an edge media server required by the user
- the bearer layer is used to provide forwarding of streaming media service flows, and requires support for multicast and quality of service (QoS) guarantee.
- QoS quality of service
- IPTV network architecture shown in Figure 1 can implement streaming media services, because this architecture is an independent service system, it cannot share user management, authentication, and accounting support systems with other service networks, which will increase operators. Operating costs.
- the 3rd Generation Partnership Project 3rd Generation Partnership Project
- 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
- IP MultimediE Subsystem IP MultimediE Subsystem
- the IMS uses the packet domain as the bearer channel for the upper layer control signaling and media transmission.
- SIP Session Initial Conference
- Session Initiation As a service control protocol, the protocol provides a rich multimedia service by separating the service control from the bearer control by utilizing the features of SIP, simple expansion, and convenient media combination.
- the IMS network architecture is shown in Figure 2.
- the network architecture includes: P/I/S-CSCF, which is a call status control function entity, which is used to provide user agent, session control, routing, service triggering in the IMS network architecture. Interworking between different IMS domains and other related functions; MGCF/T-MGF, which is a media gateway control function, a media gateway function, and a signaling gateway function, used to implement users and traditional public switched telephone networks in the IMS network architecture (PSTN, Public Switching Telephone Network) Interworking between users; Egress Gateway Control Function (BGCF) for addressing and routing between MGCFs between different IMS domains; SLF, for multiple users to subscribe to data service functional entities (UPSF, User Selection between Profile Server Function); IBCF and I-BGF are functional entities for interworking between IMS domains; MRF is a media resource function for allocation, control and processing of media resources, including media resource function controller (MRFC) And media resource function processor (MRFP); network attachment subsystem, for user access authentication, address allocation,
- the IMS network architecture can share user management, authentication, and accounting support systems with other service networks, the IMS network architecture can only effectively support session-based services, and does not have the functions necessary for streaming media services, such as content. Management, content protection, and electronic program listings provide functions. Therefore, the current IMS network architecture cannot support streaming services.
- the object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an IMS-based streaming media network system, a streaming media service implementation method, and a streaming media service enabling entity, to solve the problem of implementing streaming media services based on the IMS network architecture.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides an IMS-based streaming media network system, including: a streaming media service enabling entity, configured to provide streaming media service description information to a user terminal; and an application server, configured to The service description information provided by the streaming media service enabling entity selects a streaming media service and receives a streaming media service request sent by the user terminal. After the media resource request is sent, and the information about the media resource delivery processing function entity storing the streaming media content is obtained, the information about the media resource delivery processing function entity is provided to the user terminal; and the media server is configured to send according to the application server.
- the media resource request provides the application server with information of the media resource delivery processing function entity that stores the streaming media content.
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides an IMS-based streaming media service enabling entity, including: a service description information storage or acquiring unit, configured to store pre-configured service description information or obtain service description information; Providing service description information to the user terminal.
- a service description information storage or acquiring unit configured to store pre-configured service description information or obtain service description information; Providing service description information to the user terminal.
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides an implementation method of the IMS-based streaming media service, including: the streaming media service enabling entity provides the streaming media service description information to the user terminal; the user terminal selects a streaming media according to the service description information.
- the application server After receiving the streaming service request sent by the user terminal, the application server issues a media resource request; the media server provides, according to the media resource request, information of the media resource delivery processing function entity that stores the streaming media content to the application server; The application server provides the user terminal with information of the media resource delivery processing function entity.
- the streaming media service enabling entity may provide service description information to the user terminal, and the user terminal may select a streaming media service according to the service description information, and send a streaming media service request to the application server, and the application server sends the service request to the user again.
- the terminal provides information of a media server, so that the user terminal can use the information of the media server to obtain the streaming media content, thereby achieving the purpose of implementing the streaming media service based on the IMS network architecture.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing IPTV network architecture
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing IMS network architecture
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a streaming media network system according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a streaming media network system according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a streaming media network system according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a method for implementing a streaming media service according to the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a second embodiment of a method for implementing a streaming media service according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a third embodiment of a method for implementing a streaming media service according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of a streaming media network system according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the SCF of FIG. 9 used by the IPTV application;
- FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the IPTV AS of FIG.
- an IMS network system includes a P/S/I-CSCF (proxy/service/query-call session control function), an MRF media resource function, and an AS (application server), a network system.
- the added functional entities include Media Resource Location Function/Media Resource Broker Function (SGF, Service Guide Function), Content Management Function Entity (CMF). , Content Management Function ), Key Management Function (KMF), and Rights Issue Function (RIF).
- the P/S/I-CSCF provides related functions such as session control, routing, and service triggering.
- Other functional entities provide related support functions such as authentication, accounting, QoS, and security. These functional entities cooperate with the AS, and the former supports the service. The latter provides business.
- CRBT service which song is customized by the user, how to play the song, etc., is processed by the AS, the user is authenticated (such as whether the user is a legitimate user), and the user's session establishment process (ie, the dial-up process) ) and so on are those entities other than AS and P/S/I-CSCF.
- the location where the user-customized CRBT songs are stored and how to find the MRF closest to the user are processed by MRLF/MKBF, and the song is played to the user. MRF implementation.
- MRF provides the functionality of a media server in a streaming media network, including MFC and MRFP.
- the actual media content can be selected by the central media server or the edge media server.
- the media content is provided to the user by the edge media server closest to the user.
- the edge media server does not have the media content required by the user, the media content required by the user may be provided by the central media server to the edge media server, the edge media server. Then provide it to the user. If the user requests again to provide the same For media content, the edge media server can provide media content directly to the user.
- the AS implements logical control of the streaming media service under the support of various functional entities in the network system.
- the AS can establish a streaming media session based on the mature session control mechanism of the IMS, and can also provide rich processing on different business logics on the AS. Businesses such as integrated real-time session services, streaming media services, etc.
- MRLF/MRBF SGF
- CMF CMF
- KMF KMF
- RIF streaming media or IPTV network-specific functions such as copyright management, content information management, electronic program generation and streaming service subscriptions.
- the MRLF/MRBF provides media resource processing information such as collection, search, location, and distribution of media resource distribution information and MRF status information in the IMS domain or the entire network, and can provide a content distribution network (CDN) function together with the CMF and the MRF, MRLF.
- CDN content distribution network
- /MRBF can provide the same media resource distribution or scheduling function in the streaming media service, and can also provide the same services for non-streaming media services, such as audio, video file location and MRF search or distribution.
- CDN is a very important auxiliary function of streaming media service. For example, for a large-scale streaming media network, when hundreds of thousands of users simultaneously make requests to the centrally located streaming media server, the network bandwidth will be unbearable.
- the section content when deploying the section content, it is necessary to distribute the popular program content to an edge media server closer to the user (for example, Shenzhen), or send the popular program content to the user through the central media server (for example, Beijing).
- the edge media server is then sent to the user by the edge media server. If the user requests the same program content again, the program content can be obtained directly from the edge media server.
- MRLF / MRBF can provide the following functions:
- the MRF status information can be information such as load status.
- the appropriate MRP is selected according to the request of the AS/S-CSCF, the resource distribution information, the MRF status information, and the like, and the selected result is returned to the S-CSCF/AS, where the request message of the AS/S-CSCF may include the media content.
- Information such as user location, service volume, etc., and returning the selected result to the S-CSCF/AS is a function specific to the MRLF;
- the MRLF MRBF can be connected to the AS or to the S-CSCF.
- the MRLF/MRBF may be an alternative manner, that is, the MRLF/MRBF is either MRLF or MRBF.
- the interface between the MRLF and the AS/S-CSCF is an inquiry interface through which the interface is The selected MRF result may be returned to the AS/S-CSCF; if it is MRBF, the interface between the MRBF and the AS/S-CSCF is a media resource request message interface, and the MRBF may route the media resource request message to the selected MRF. At the same time, it is decided whether to participate in the message exchange between the subsequent AS/S-CSCF and the MRF. If the MRBF is performing the media resource request message routing, the OKI is not added to the Record-Route of the media resource request message or the: Route header field. , MRBF will not participate in subsequent interactions.
- the SGF is used to obtain service description information from the operator's Business Operation Support System (BOSS) or other support system, and obtain content meta information from the CF.
- BOSS Business Operation Support System
- the user subscription information can be obtained from the UPSF, and then
- the above information generates an electronic program guide, wherein the service description information is information for describing a streaming media service, such as watching a movie, playing a game, etc., and the content meta information is information for describing content information, such as a movie name, content, and the like. .
- CMF can provide the following functions:
- It is used to interact with the front end to implement the media content management function, generate and manage the content meta information; interact with the KMF to implement the protection function of the media content, which may include saving or acquiring the content encryption key;
- the MRF/Content System (CS, Content System) interacts to complete the distribution of the media resources.
- the content source provided by the original content provider is stored in the CS after being processed by the front end, and then operated according to the operation.
- the distribution policy of the quotient configuration and the information collected in the subsequent operation process distribute the content to the MRF through the CS, wherein the content source may be a source or a television program provided by the streaming media and the IPTV content provider.
- the CMF may also obtain media resource information of the media server, such as distribution information of the media resource and/or load information of the media server, from a functional entity such as MRLF/MRBF/MRFC, and the CMF may also provide the media to other functional entities such as AS. Resource information, so that other functional entities such as AS can also query media resource information.
- KMF can provide the following functions:
- KMF Interacting with the CMF, generating a content protection key is returned to the CMF, and the KMF stores the correspondence between the key and the content. If the content is not encrypted, the CMF requests the content encryption key from the KMF, and the KMF distribution key is returned to the CMF. At the same time, KMF saves the correspondence between the program ID and the encryption key;
- KMF can also provide program ID and key information to the RIF.
- RIF can provide the following functions:
- the user It may be a user equipment (UE, User Equipment) defined in the IMS, or may be other user terminals such as a set top box (STB, Set Top Bo) and a personal computer (PC, Personal Computer).
- UE User Equipment
- STB Set Top box
- PC Personal Computer
- the interface between the user and the RIF may be II, and the protocol may be a rights object acquisition protocol (ROAP);
- ROAP rights object acquisition protocol
- KMF digital rights management
- the CMF can cooperate with the SGF to manage the information sent by the content source and generate an electronic program guide.
- SGF, KMF, CMF and RIF may be a streaming service enabler for processing media content, such as codec conversion, compression, encryption, and the like.
- Interface II is the interaction interface between the user terminal and the RIF. Through this interface, the user terminal can obtain the rights object, and the protocol of the interface can be ROAP.
- the interface 12 is an interaction interface between the user terminal and the SGF. Through this interface, the user terminal can request an electronic program guide and a subscription program, and the protocol of the interface can be HTTP.
- the interface 13 is an interaction interface between the SGF and the UPSF.
- the SGF can The UPSF requests the user's subscription service information and the rights information, and can also save the program information subscribed by the user to the UPSF.
- the protocol of the interface can be the Diameter protocol, wherein the Diameter protocol is a new generation AAA protocol.
- the interface 14 is an interaction interface between the AS/S-CSCF and the MRLF/MRBF.
- the AS/S-CSCF can request an appropriate MRF from the MRLF, and can also request media resources from the MRBF, AS/S-CSCF and MRLF.
- the protocol between them can be the Diameter protocol, and the protocol between the AS/S-CSCF and the M BF can be SIP.
- Interface 15 is the interaction interface between MRLF/MRBF and MRFC. Through this interface, MRLF/MRBF can interact with MR C to exchange media resource information and MRP status information. Through information interaction, MRLF/MRBF can select the appropriate MRF.
- Interface 16 is an interactive interface between CMF and KMF. This interface can be an interface for interactive content protection information between CMF and KMF.
- the interface 17 is an interactive interface between the RIF and the KMF. Through this interface, the RIF can request the program ID and content protection key information from the KMF.
- the interface 18 is an interaction interface between the SGF and the CMF. Through this interface, the SGF can request content meta information from the CMF.
- the interface 19 is an interaction interface between the RIF and the UPSF. Through this interface, the RIF can request the service authority information subscribed by the user to the UPSF.
- the protocol of the interface can be the Diameter protocol.
- MRLF/MRBF can collect various MRF information and select the appropriate MRF function.
- the functions implemented by MRLF/MRBF can also be realized by extending the functions of MRFC.
- One of the extension methods is to use all MRFCs in the whole network as nodes in the peer-to-peer network.
- the MRFC implements the functions of peer nodes, such as node member group management, authentication, resource release, search, request, and service provision.
- the CDN is a very important auxiliary function of the streaming media service, for example, for a large-scale streaming media network, when hundreds of thousands of users are simultaneously located in the center
- the network bandwidth will be unbearable. Therefore, when deploying the program content, it is necessary to distribute the popular program content to an edge media server (such as Shenzhen) that is closer to the user, or to popular program content. Send it to the edge media server close to the user through the central media server (for example, Beijing), and then send it to the user by the edge media server.
- the program valley can be obtained directly from the edge media server.
- the MRFC implements the functions of searching, locating, and distributing the media resource distribution information and MRF status information of the entire network or any IMS domain.
- the MRFC and the MRFC are provided with an interactive interface, through the entire network or any one.
- the MRJFC of the IMS domain initiates a media resource request, and the MRFC may route the media resource request message to the appropriate MRPC according to the media resource information and the MRF state information obtained through the interaction.
- the interaction between MRPCs can be implemented by Peer-to-Peer (P2P) technology. That is, each MRFC is equivalent to one node in a peer-to-peer network, and P2P-based technology completes the distribution and scheduling functions of media resources.
- P2P technology can include node member group management, authentication, resource publishing, search, request, and service provisioning.
- the MRFC can obtain the distribution information and the MRF status information of the media resources in the entire network or any one of the IMS domains through interaction with the respective MRFCs, if the CMF interacts with any MRFC, the entire network or any IMS can be obtained.
- the distribution information of the media resources in the domain and the MRFP status information, and the CMF distributes the managed content to the MRF according to the configured content distribution policy.
- the CMF can also distribute the content source to an MF, and then distribute the content source on demand across the entire network or any MRF in the IMS domain based on the P2P network formed between the MRFCs.
- the CMF can also directly serve as the central node of the PFC network in the MRFC, and directly distribute the content source between the MRJFs in the whole network or any IMS domain according to the distribution technology of the P2P network.
- the AS/S-CSCF when receiving the streaming service request of the user, may not need to query the MRLF for the appropriate MRF, but send the media resource request to an MRFC, which may be an AS/S-CSCF.
- an MRFC which may be an AS/S-CSCF.
- the media resource request sent by the AS may be related to the streaming service request.
- the parameter carried by the media service request generates a new request message. At this time, the media resource request is different from the streaming service request.
- the MRFC that receives the media resource request may be based on the information provided by the AS, such as the user location, the IP address, the user codec capability, the QoS requirement, the user terminal type, the media content identifier, etc., and then the entire network obtained through the P2P network formed by the] Or the media resource distribution information and the MRPC status information in any one of the IMS domains, and the media resource request is routed to the appropriate MRFC, and the appropriate MRFC controls the MRFP to provide the corresponding media content to the user.
- the MRFC can obtain media resource distribution information and MRF state information through interaction with the interface 14 between each MRFC, and control content distribution and scheduling of media resources between different MRFPs.
- M LF/MRBF can be only one MRBF.
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a third IMS network system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the MRBF is located in the media resource proxy function, and in addition to completing the matching, locating, and routing of the MRF in the IMS domain, the function of interacting with the MRBF in other IMS domains is also implemented. Resource access.
- interface 110 between the MRBF and the MRBF, which is used for interaction between MRBFs between different IMS domains, and implements search, location, and routing interface functions of cross-domain media resources.
- the interface between CMF and MRBF is interface II 1. This interface is used to distribute the content source managed by CMF to MRPC. The distribution process needs to pass MRBF. As to which MRFC is distributed, the MRF status information and CMF configuration that can be collected by MRBF The content distribution strategy is determined.
- the MRLF MRBF is set in the IMS network architecture.
- the MRLF/MRBF can also be set outside the IMS network architecture, as long as MRLF/MRBF and AS/S-CSCF There is an interface between the MRPC and the MRPC.
- the present invention also provides an embodiment of an implementation method of an IMS-based streaming media service.
- the overall technical solution of the method embodiment is: the streaming media service enabling entity provides streaming media service description information to the user terminal; the user terminal selects a streaming media service according to the service description information; and the application server receives the user terminal After the streaming media service requests, the media resource request is sent; the media server provides the application server with the information of the media resource delivery processing function entity that stores the streaming media content according to the media resource request; the application server provides the media resource to the user terminal. Delivery processing Information about functional entities.
- the user terminal may further include: the user terminal acquiring program information from the streaming media service enabling entity.
- the application server may further include: the application server acquiring the streaming media content meta information from the streaming media service enabling entity when processing the streaming media service request.
- the application server may issue a media resource request according to the following steps: the application server queries the MRLF for the media server information; the MRLF selects a media server from the at least one media server, and returns the selected media server information to the An application server; the application server issues a media resource request to the selected media server.
- the application server may issue a media resource request according to the following steps: the application server sends a media resource request to the MRBF; the MRBF selects a media server from the at least one media server, and forwards the media resource request to the selected media server.
- the application server may send a media resource request according to the following steps: the application server sends a media resource request to a media resource control function entity in the media server; the media resource control function entity selects a media server from the at least one media server And forward the media resource request to the selected media server.
- the method may further include: the user terminal performing delivery negotiation with the media resource delivery processing function entity, where the delivery negotiation may include Negotiation of media control channel description information between terminals, and/or negotiation of media transport channel description information between the media server and the terminal, and/or negotiation of network transport layer resource reservation between the media server and the terminal .
- the media transmission channel refers to a network transport layer bearer channel for transmitting streaming media content, such as a TCP connection or a UDP media stream
- the description information is a related parameter for characterizing the media transmission channel, such as an IP address, a UDP port number, and the like.
- the media control channel refers to a network transport layer bearer channel that transmits media control signaling, and may carry signaling that controls the transmission of streaming media content, and the description information is related parameters for characterizing the media control channel, such as an IP address.
- the UDP port number, etc. can control the transmission of streaming media content by controlling the signaling on the channel, such as start, pause, advance, and rewind.
- the user terminal and the media resource delivery processing function entity may directly perform delivery negotiation, or may adopt an AS or The control of other functional entities is negotiated for delivery.
- the method may further include: the user terminal directly receiving the streaming media content provided by the media resource delivery processing function entity, or the user terminal is performing delivery After transmitting the transmission request, the network transport layer receives the streaming media content provided by the media resource delivery processing function entity.
- the user terminal may also decrypt the streaming media content by using the rights object and/or key information obtained from the streaming media service enabling entity.
- the delivery negotiation between the user terminal and the media resource delivery processing function entity may include negotiation of media control channel description information between the media server and the terminal, and/or media between the media server and the terminal.
- the negotiation of the transport channel description information, and/or the negotiation of the network transport layer resource reservation between the media server and the terminal may include negotiation of media control channel description information between the media server and the terminal, and/or media between the media server and the terminal.
- the VOD service is taken as an example to describe the implementation method of the streaming media service of the IMS network system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the content protection mode is adopted, and the UE obtains a rights object (RO) from the RIF through the II interface, and decrypts the encrypted content, as shown in FIG.
- RO rights object
- the UE acquires an electronic program menu from the SGF through the 12 interface.
- the UE initiates a service request according to a user resource identifier (URI, SIP URI) carried in the electronic program menu, and the request message may be a SIP message, and the request message includes at least the requested content/service identification information, and may also carry the AS URI. And related media description information (SDP, Session Description Protocol).
- URI user resource identifier
- SIP URI user resource identifier
- SDP Session Description Protocol
- the P-CSCF After receiving the above request, the P-CSCF requests the CLF to provide the location information of the HE, where the CLF is a functional entity in the NASS subsystem in the NGN network architecture, and is used to save the location information of the UE.
- the P-CSCF may send a transmission resource request to the SPDF, where the request is a resource request of the transport layer bearer network, where the SPDF is one of the RACS subsystems in the NGN network architecture.
- a functional entity that accepts requests from the business layer and completes resource control of the bearer network with other functional entities of the RACS subsystem. This The steps can be just a policy decision process for determining whether to allow resource usage, and so on.
- the SPDF returns a transmission resource response to the P-CSCF, and the transmission resource response includes a feedback processing result.
- P-CSCF increase UE location information in the request message, and forwards the request message to the S-CSCF 0
- the S-CSCF sends a request message to the AS that processes the service/content according to the content and the service triggering rule in the request message, where the trigger component can be the identifier of the service/content or the URI of the AS.
- the AS completes the processing of the specific service revocation. If the request message triggered by the S-CSCF involves the use of the media content, the MRFC that needs to provide the media resource service is required. In this case, the AS needs to initiate a resource location request to the MRLF.
- the resource location request may include information such as content identification information, a content encoding format and a compression format requirement, UE location information, and an identifier of the UE.
- the MRLF determines the MRF that can provide the service according to the media resource distribution information and the MRF state information acquired by the MFC, and the location information and the resource requirement of the UE, and returns a resource location response to the AS, where the resource location response includes The determined MRF result is returned.
- the MRLF can obtain the media resource distribution information and the MRJF state information in the following manner: MRLF, CMF, and MRFC interactively control the distribution of the media resources, and the distribution of the media resource distribution is collected by the MRPC and provided to the MRLF, and after the MRLF obtains the distribution of the media resources,
- the distribution of media resources can be used as a condition for selecting MRFCs.
- the distribution process of media resources can also be without the participation of MRLF, and the results of media resource distribution are provided by MRFC to MRLF.
- the distribution of media resources can also have a fixed strategy, which can be imported into the MRLF as the basis for selecting the MRFC.
- S606 The AS initiates a media resource request message to the MRFC according to the address information of the MRFC returned from the MRLF.
- the MRFC obtains media resource information by interacting with the MRFP, where the media resource information includes a real-time transport stream protocol (RTSP) address/port, a real-time transport protocol/real-time transport control protocol (RTP/RTCP, Realtime Transfer Protocol/ Realtime Transfer Control Protocol) Information such as address/port.
- RTSP real-time transport stream protocol
- RTP/RTCP real-time transport protocol/real-time transport control protocol
- Realtime Transfer Protocol/ Realtime Transfer Control Protocol Realtime Transfer Protocol/ Realtime Transfer Control Protocol
- the MRFC returns an SDP of the MRFP to the AS, where the SDP includes the determined information such as the RTSP/RTP/RTCP address/port.
- S609 The AS returns a service response to the S-CSCF.
- S610 The S-CSCF forwards the service response message to the P-CSCF, where the service needs, for example, the multicast is required, and the QoS resource reservation is performed, and the multicast control of the bearer network can be completed.
- S610.1 The P-CSCF initiates a resource reservation request to the SPDF here.
- S610.2 SPDF feeds back the resource reservation result to the P-CSCF.
- the P-CSCF forwards the service response message service response message to the UE, including the media negotiation result.
- S612 The UE performs SIP negotiation interaction with the AS according to the service response message to complete the negotiation process, and when receiving the 200 (ok) response returned by the AS:
- the P-CSCF changes and reserves (Smit) the reserved resources of the SPDF according to the final negotiation confirmation information, and turns on the gating control of the bearer network.
- S612.2 SPDF returns an acknowledgment response to the commit request.
- S613 The AS performs SIP signaling interaction with the MRFC to complete the negotiation process.
- the UE initiates an R SP connection to the MRFP according to the final negotiation result, which is used for service flow control, that is, VCR control.
- the UE establishes an RTP/RTCP media transmission channel with the MRJFP for transmitting the media stream. After receiving the media stream, the UE decrypts the media stream by using the content encryption key included in the rights object acquired from the RIF, and plays the media program. At the same time, the UE can control the media program through the RTSP channel established by the MRPP. For example, pause, fast forward, playback, etc.
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of the method of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, this embodiment implements the distribution scheduling of the media resources by extending the function of the MRJF, and completes the interaction between the media resource distribution information and the MRF state information through the interaction between the MRFCs, thereby obtaining the resource information of the entire network. Enabling the AS/S-CSCF to initiate a resource request to the MRFC in any one of the IMS domains, and the MRFC routes the media resource request message to the appropriate information according to the information obtained by the interaction.
- MRFCo Mobility Management Function
- Figure 8 is a flow chart of a third embodiment of the method of the present invention.
- the AS can determine the optimal MRFC.
- the AS can collect or query media resource distribution information and MRF status information from CMF, MRLF, MRBF or VCFC.
- CMF can collect or query media from MRLF, MRBF or MRFC.
- Steps S801-S803 and S806-S816 shown in FIG. 8 are the same as steps S601-S603 shown in FIG. 6, and steps S804 and S805 of FIG. 8 are respectively:
- S804 Acquire media resource information
- the AS interacts with the CMF/MRLF to obtain media resource information, such as media resource distribution information and/or load information of the media server.
- S805 Determine an optimal MRFC, where the determined basis may be: information such as a content identifier, a location of the user, and the like, and a media resource distribution information obtained from the CMF/MRLF and/or a media server carried in the service request message sent by the UE. Load information.
- SGF, CMF, KMF, and RIF may form a streaming media service enabling entity for providing electronic
- the streaming media service enabling entity may also be composed of other functional entities or functional units, and the functional entities or functional units may also provide such information.
- the functional entities or functional units may also provide such information.
- other functions or information can also be provided.
- the streaming media network system in which the streaming service enabling entity is located also changes. An embodiment of such a streaming media network system will now be described with reference to FIG.
- the content domain includes the following three parts: a content operation unit, and a content operation refers to a command for managing the IPTV service content from outside the IMS, for example, adding a part to the on-demand system.
- the current latest video, creating a temporary, new live channel for a boxing match, or adapting existing program channels, can be from an operational support system or a dedicated maintenance operating platform.
- Content source refers to the content source involved in the IPTV service.
- the content can come directly from the content provider (Content Provider), such as the live program media stream from the satellite network, or it can be on a central server.
- the stored content such as files in the movie library, can also be a shared video stream provided from a user terminal.
- DRM Digital Rights Management
- DRM refers to an external digital rights management system. If the content provided by the content provider is already encrypted, the user terminal needs to obtain copyright information directly provided by the content provider through DRM, such as a content encryption key, a copyright object, and the like.
- the Access Network Layer in Figure 9 includes various wired or wireless access networks capable of supporting IP technologies, such as Ethernet, Digital Subscriber Line (xDSL, Digital Subscriber Line), and third-generation mobile communication networks. (3G, Third Generation), wireless local area network (WLAN, Wireless LAN) / WiMax network, digital television broadcasting standard (DVB-T/H) network. According to the characteristics of the IPTV service, the access network has the requirement of supporting unicast/multicast/broadcast capability to ensure a certain quality of service (QoS). In addition, the upper application should be able to adopt the corresponding control method according to the access network. The access network should be able to support the NASS and RACS interfaces defined by TISPAN, the internationally established standard organization for NG research.
- IP technologies such as Ethernet, Digital Subscriber Line (xDSL, Digital Subscriber Line), and third-generation mobile communication networks. (3G, Third Generation), wireless local area network (WLAN, Wireless LAN) / WiMax network, digital television broadcasting standard (DVB-T/H) network
- the Transport Layer in Figure 9 can be divided into two parts, Transport Control and Delivery and Distribution.
- Transport Control directly uses the two functional subsystems defined by TISPAN NGN, namely NASS and RACS.
- NASS and RACS are bearer control layers introduced between the IPTV service network and the bearer network. The association between the service and the bearer is realized.
- the bearer layer can be identified by the user terminal, the service can be distinguished, and the quality can be control.
- the NASS can provide access level registration for the user terminal and initialization before connecting the IPTV service, including device identification, authentication, IP address allocation, and access authorization at the network layer.
- ASS implements user terminal authentication and positioning based on multiple policies, lays a foundation for strengthening the management and security of user terminals, guarantees the consistency of service experience for roaming user terminals, and lays a foundation for the precise operation of services.
- RACS provides a request and retention mechanism for network resources for IPTV applications.
- IPTV applications such as interactive TV (LTV), VOD, video conferencing, and online games
- RACS can be used to implement resource reservation control, license control, and policy control for the network.
- RACS implements session-based resource management and is business-independent.
- the complete Media Delivery Distribution Control Function can be completed by three functional entities, namely MRBF, MRFC and MRFP.
- MRBF and MRFC belong to the control layer and provide media distribution respectively. With delivery features and media resource control features. The media distribution and delivery decisions are made by the MRBF, and the actual media distribution and delivery process is completed by the MRFC controlling the MRFP.
- the MRFP is located at the transport layer and is implemented under the control of the MRFC to complete the media distribution, delivery and processing.
- MRFP supports the distribution, storage and delivery of specified streaming media content under the control of the MRFC.
- the MRPP may be a media server in a conventional IPTV system.
- the MRFP may be a central media server or an edge media server for providing actual streaming media content depending on where the MRFP is deployed in the network.
- the MRFP can distribute the content through the MRBF, obtain the streaming media content from the content source and store the streaming media content under the control of the MRFC.
- the MRBF can redirect the user terminal's request for streaming media content to the optimal MRFP under the specified policy, and the MRFP ultimately provides streaming content for the user terminal.
- the MRFP can perform the following functions: Streaming media content acquisition and storage, with multiple acquisition and storage methods, enabling fast retrieval of stored streaming media content; reporting specified information according to MRFC requirements, such as load status, resource status, and flow Media content status; media format processing, such as codec format conversion, video content fine tube, video content mixing; streaming media content distribution, with multiple distribution methods, to achieve mutual conversion between different distribution methods; streaming media content encryption function Real-time encryption of streaming media content based on the specified key.
- the control layer (Control Layer) in Figure 9 mainly implements the management of the iPTV service session.
- the control layer architecture in the IMS is completely used, but only according to the implementation characteristics and capability requirements of the IPTV service.
- These enhancements have placed new requirements on existing functional entities, such as CSCF, CF, UPSF and MRFC, and added a new functional entity MRBF.
- the MRBF is used to control resource policies such as search, location, distribution, and media resource status information of media resources in the entire network or in a management domain.
- the MRBF controls the distribution and delivery of media, determines content distribution according to certain policies, and controls the MRFP to distribute streaming media content from the content source to the MR P through the MRFC.
- the media release status information is obtained, the delivered MRFP is determined based on the media release status information, and the MRFP is controlled to deliver the delivery through the MRFC.
- the MRBF mainly has the following functions: collecting media resource status information of the MRFP from the MRFC, such as available resource status, load status, QoS, available bandwidth, etc.; according to the request of the AS/S-CSCF, media distribution information acquired from the CMF, and from the MRFC Collected media
- the appropriate MRFP is selected according to the load distribution status of the physical distribution point, and the request of the AS/S-CSCF may include information such as a streaming media content identifier, a user access location or an IP address, a user terminal type, and a quality of service requirement;
- the media resource request message of the CSCF is routed to the MRJF, and at the same time, according to the routing policy, the interaction between the subsequent AS/S-CSCF and the MRF is selected to be exited; the MRBF may have an interface with the AS and/or the S-CSCF.
- the MRJFC can also have the following functions based on the functions of the original IMS: Control the MR P to obtain the streaming media content, control the distribution process of the streaming media content from the content source to the MRFP; Control the MRFP implementation flow Delivery of media content, control of multiple delivery methods, control of unicast/multicast conversion; control of MRFP to implement media format processing, such as controlling media format conversion, controlling video streamlining, controlling video mixing, etc.; controlling MRFP Realize real-time encryption of streaming media content; obtain streaming media content distribution information, load status, QoS and network information of MRFP, and provide this information to MRBF; support media interaction control protocol, such as Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP), implement RTSP server The function of the end; the media interaction control agent function, realizes the function of the RTSP client.
- RTSP Real Time Streaming Protocol
- the control layer in FIG. 9 may also have a charging function (Charging Function), which can provide multiple charging methods for services such as LTV and VOD in the IPTV system, such as online/offline charging, session-based charging, and based on Billing of events, billing based on network resource occupancy, etc.
- Charging Function can provide multiple charging methods for services such as LTV and VOD in the IPTV system, such as online/offline charging, session-based charging, and based on Billing of events, billing based on network resource occupancy, etc.
- an UPSF can be set.
- the UPSF can be a central data server of the streaming media network system, and is used to store information about all users.
- the UPSF can store subscription information about the IPTV service.
- the Application Layer in Figure 9 is the key to the implementation of the IPTV service.
- the application layer can include two parts: the IPTV Service Enablers and the IPTV Application.
- the IPTV service engine is a specific function necessary for implementing the IPTV service, and is located above the MS control layer and under the IPTV application layer.
- the implementation of IPTV services depends on many specific functions, such as service implementation capabilities (unicast/multicast), service discovery, streaming media content meta information management, streaming media content deployment, program guide management, security copyright protection, device capability management, Context management, etc., if these specific capabilities are abstracted into different business engines for session control and application implementation calls, IPTV services can be implemented.
- These service engines can include: Providing IPTV service functions
- the Service Provisioning Function (SPF) The Service Control Function (SCF) that controls the IPTV service
- SCF Service Control Function
- DPF Device Profile Function
- CM Context Manager
- CPF Content Protection Function
- the SPF may include a service discovery function unit (SDF, Service Discovery Function) that implements a service discovery and selection function, and a program guide function unit (PFF, Program Guide Function) for implementing a service guide, and a service deployment function unit (SSF, which implements service deployment).
- SDF service discovery function unit
- PFF Program Guide Function
- SSF service deployment function unit
- Service Scheduler Function and the Streaming Content Meta Information Management Function Unit (CMF) that implements streaming media content management.
- the SCF can control the basic capabilities of the IPTV service.
- the SCF is a key service engine for implementing the IPTV service. It is located between the IMS control layer and the IPTV application layer. It is the connection control entity between the session control and the application, and can be used for various IPTVs.
- the application provides basic business control capabilities and streaming content delivery control capabilities.
- the basic service control capability of the SCF mainly refers to the unicast/multicast session control capability. These session control capabilities are necessary to implement the IFTV service, and multiple different services can share these session control capabilities.
- the SCF can obtain the content metadata and the content source location information from the CMF, and determine the delivered content according to the user context, and deliver the content through the MRBF and the MRF, wherein the user context is, for example, user habit, credit rating, etc. .
- SCF provides the basic capabilities necessary to implement IPTV services.
- SCF can be combined with different IPTV applications into different IPTV ASs, for example, combined with SIP IPTV Application as SIP IPTV AS.
- the SCF can be used as a standalone entity for multiple IPTV applications.
- an AS can build its own SCF.
- FIG. 1Q is a schematic diagram of the SCF being used by the IPTV application. As shown in FIG.
- AS1, AS2, and AS3 use a common SCF function, and an interface between Appl, App2, and SCF1 is an application program interface (API).
- API application program interface
- the interface between App3 and SCFl is the internal interface.
- AS4 and AS5 implement the SCF function by themselves.
- the interface between APP4 and SCF4, APP5 and SCF5 is the internal interface.
- the SPF provides various necessary service capabilities related to the IPTV service, and is a collection of multiple service capabilities, including: service discovery, service deployment, streaming media content meta information management, program guide Wait.
- the SDF provides service discovery and service functions for the IPTV service. For example, the program information of the Electronic Program Guide (EPG) is provided to the user. If there are multiple EPG servers, such as different service providers or third parties. The service (if the third-party business has a separate EPG server) provider integrates the EPG entry point.
- EPG Electronic Program Guide
- PGF provides business browsing and search engine functions, and provides users with an interactive interface for on-demand, live broadcast, and carousel, that is, performing EPG generation functions.
- the SSF completed the deployment and organization of the IPTV service.
- the SSF has the following functions: For multicast services, the main functions of service deployment are: allocation and management of multicast addresses, association of program identification (ID) and multicast addresses, establishment of multicast, and control of multicast sources; For the on-demand service, the main functions of the service deployment are: association of metadata and content identification information (CID, Content Identifier), triggering of content distribution, and formulation of content distribution strategy.
- ID program identification
- CID Content Identifier
- the PGF can obtain the service information (including unicast and multicast) necessary for generating an electronic program guide from the service deployment and organization information. It can also support static service deployment and dynamically deploy services during the service request process.
- the CMF realizes the management of streaming media content meta information.
- streaming media content meta information refers to pre-distribution content. Therefore, the management implemented by CMF is managed before streaming media content distribution, and does not involve distributed streaming media.
- the streaming media content meta information includes content identification, content metadata, and content source location information.
- a content identifier is a unique index identifier for all content or channels that can be provided in an IPTV system.
- Content metadata contains descriptions of content or channels, such as content descriptions, channel descriptions, media formats, and more.
- the content source location information may be directed to the service provider's own centralized storage location, a storage address from the content provider, or media port information from the live content provider.
- CMF can support the addition, deletion, modification, and query of content from other functional entities.
- the CMF can also accept content update notifications from content providers, receive metadata and source location information, generate content identification for new streaming media content, and complete mapping of content identification and metadata and source location information.
- the content provider may have a content management entity that can interact with the CMF through a specific protocol (eg, SIP or HTTP).
- the CM can implement the collection, storage, organization, and sending of context information, for example, Collect relevant information from multiple different sources to send the required information for multiple different applications. It should be noted that all information affecting the implementation of the IPTV service can be stored and managed as a context.
- the context can generally be divided into three types: user context, network context, and content context.
- the user context may include: user terminal information currently used by the user, an access network to which the user is attached, user location information, user terminal status information (Presence information), current service information, and the like.
- the network context may include: information carrying the network, information of the network entity through which the IPTV service must be established, such as support of the core network for multicast, bandwidth of the access network, and the like.
- the content context can include: content classification, content licensing, popularity, and the like.
- the CPF can provide copyright security protection for streaming media content delivered in IPTV services to prevent piracy of content.
- the CPF can adopt various mechanisms such as DRM, CA, and service layer protection.
- the CPF can generate a streaming media content key, and can also generate and manage a rights object.
- the streaming media content key can include a content protection key and a service protection secret. Key, etc.
- DPF can be used to save the capability information of the user terminal, such as screen size, resolution, battery power, memory usage, etc. These user terminal information is the enhanced information required to implement the IPTV service, which can make the upper layer service better. Understand the capabilities and real-time status information of the user terminal, and make targeted business presentation adjustments in conjunction with specific applications.
- the user terminal can establish an interaction mechanism with the DPF to complete real-time update of the device capability information.
- DPF can be more than just a database.
- DPF can also implement the active reporting of information according to the requirements of the upper-layer application, so as to reduce the query burden of the upper-layer application.
- the upper layer sends a policy to the DPF, and the DPF collects, organizes, and reports the information of the user terminal according to the policy.
- the IPTV application implements logical control of the IPTV service, and can be independent of the service engine and implement specific service capabilities through the service engine.
- the IPTV application can form an IPTV AS together with the SCF to implement the IFTV service.
- the structure of an IPTV AS is shown in FIG.
- the IPTV application may include a SIP IPTV application and a third party application.
- the SIP IPTV application and the SCF form a SIP IPTV AS, and the interface between the two is an internal interface, such as an ISC.
- the SIP IPTV application and the SCF can interact with each other through SIP to implement basic services of the IPTV service.
- the SIP IPTV AS can be regarded as IPTV. Part of the system.
- the third-party application and the SCF form a third party AS (the third party AS), and the interface between the two is an API.
- the third-party application can interact with the IMS through the API provided by the SCF, and invoke the SCF function through the API to implement the third-party IPTV value-added. business.
- all or part of the functions of the MRFC may be implemented by functional entities independent of the MRFC. Such functional entities and MRFCs may be collectively referred to as media resource control functional entities. Similarly, all MRFPs. Or part of the function may be implemented by a functional entity independent of MRPP, such functional entity and MRFP may be collectively referred to as a media resource delivery processing function entity.
- different service logics are implemented in the AS, which can provide rich services for the UE, including basic streaming media services and various value-added services and personalized services combined with streaming media, and all of the services.
- the processing mechanisms of session control, routing, service triggering, user authentication and management, billing, quality of service guarantee, and multicast control are the same.
- the streaming media network system of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively manage program content, distribute the content according to a predetermined policy, and transmit the content to the UE securely, and the UE can also enjoy the streaming media service through an intuitive program interaction.
- the streaming media network system of the embodiment of the present invention provides a streaming media service based on the existing IMS network architecture, and the shared IMS network architecture has functions such as user management, authentication, accounting, session routing, and service triggering, which reduces the operation of the operator. Cost, and in addition, the embodiment of the present invention can provide the UE with a richer multimedia service combining real-time session class and TV class service under the unified session control of the IMS network architecture, for example, inviting friends to watch the on-demand television by telephone. Programs, and real-time comments, pauses, playbacks, etc. of the program during the viewing process.
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Description
流媒体网絡系统、 流媒体业务的实现方法及使能实体
本申请要求于 2006 年 2 月 18 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200610033767.X. 发明名称为"一种基于 IMS的流媒体网絡系统"的中国专 利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及流媒体技术,尤其涉及基于 IMS的流媒体业务的实现技术。 背景技术
流媒体业务是近几年迅速发展的一种新业务, 流媒体业务利用流式传 输技术, 在包交换网络上传输多媒体内容数据, 例如视频、 音频等数据。 流式传输技术的主要特点在于, 将连续的视频和音频数据经过处理后放到 网站服务器, 这样, 用户可以一边下载一边观看和收听, 而不需要在整个 文件下载到使用的用户终端后才可以观看和收听。
互联网络电视 (IPTV)业务是流媒体领域的一个典型业务。如图 1所示, 现有的 IPTV网络架构主要包括:
运营支撑系统, 用于提供计费、 认证、 内容管理、 数字版权管理等功 匕。
业务应用层, 用于内容编解码转换、 压缩、 加密等预处理、 用户的业 务管理、 电子节目单的生成和下发, 还提供网络门户及应用的功能, 例如 视频点播(VOD, Video on Demond ) 电视(TV, Television )、 广告等。
内容 /媒体分发网络,包括中心媒体服务器( CS )、边缘媒体服务器( ES ) 及提供媒体调度、 分发控制的服务器, 内容 /媒体分发网络用于将内容资源 分发到用户需要的边缘媒体服务器, 以减轻流媒体业务对网络的负担。
承载层用于提供流媒体业务流的转发, 并要求支持組播及提供服务质 量 ( QoS, Quality of Service )保证。
图 1所示的 IPTV网络架构虽然可以实现流媒体业务, 但由于这种架 构是一套独立的业务体系, 无法与其它业务网络共享用户管理、 认证、 计 费等支撑系统, 这样会增加运营商的运营成本。
为满足越来越突出的 IP多媒体应用的普遍需求, 第三代移动通信标准 化伙伴项目 (3GPP, 3rd Generation Partnership Project )在分组承载网基础
上引入了全 IP业务网络架构的 IP 多媒体子系统 (IMS , IP MultimediE Subsystem ), IMS 采用分组域作为上层控制信令和媒体传输的承载通道, ^ I入会话初始†办议 ( SIP, Session Initiation Protocol )作为业务控制协议, 利用 SIP筒单、 易扩展、 媒体組合方便的特点, 通过将业务控制与承载控 制分离, 提供丰富的多媒体业务。
IMS 网络架构如图 2所示, 这种网络架构包括: P/I/S-CSCF, 为呼叫 状况控制功能实体, 用于提供 IMS网络架构中的用户代理、 会话控制、 路 由、 业务的触发及不同 IMS域间的互通等相关功能; MGCF/T- MGF, 为媒 体网关控制功能、 媒体网关功能和信令网关功能, 用于实现 IMS网络架构 中的用户与传统公用电话交换网 (PSTN , Public Switching Telephone Network )用户之间的互通; 出口网关控制功能 ( BGCF ), 用于不同 IMS 域间的 MGCF之间的寻址和路由; SLF, 用于多个用户签约数据服务功能 实体( UPSF , User Profile Server Function )之间的选择; IBCF及 I-BGF为 IMS域间互通的功能实体; MRF, 为媒体资源功能, 用于对媒体资源的分 配、 控制及处理, 包括媒体资源功能控制器(MRFC )及媒体资源功能处 理器(MRFP ); 网络附着子系统, 用于用户的接入认证、 地址分配等; 资 源接入控制系统,用于根据业务层如 IMS的需求,完成对承载网络的控制。
IMS 网络架构虽然可以实现与其它业务网络共享用户管理、 认证、 计 费等支撑系统, 但 IMS网络架构目前只能有效的支持会话类业务, 还不具 备开展流媒体业务所必需的功能, 例如内容管理、 内容保护、 电子节目单 提供等功能, 所以, 目前的 IMS网络架构不能支持流媒体业务。
发明内容
本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种基于 IMS的流媒体网络系统、 流媒 体业务的实现方法及流媒体业务使能实体, 以解决在 IMS网络架构的基础 上实现流媒体业务的问题。
为实现上述目的 ,本发明实施例提供一种基于 IMS的流媒体网络系统, 包括: 流媒体业务使能实体, 用于向用户终端提供流媒体业务描述信息; 应用服务器, 用于在用户终端根据所述流媒体业务使能实体提供的业务描 述信息选择一个流媒体业务后且在接收到用户终端发出的流媒体业务请求
后, 发出媒体资源请求, 并在获取存储流媒体内容的媒体资源交付处理功 能实体的信息后,向用户终端提供所述媒体资源交付处理功能实体的信息; 媒体服务器, 用于根据应用服务器发出的媒体资源请求, 向应用服务器提 供存储流媒体内容的媒体资源交付处理功能实体的信息。
本发明实施例还提供一种基于 IMS的流媒体业务使能实体, 包括: 业 务描述信息存储或获取单元, 用于存储预先配置的业务描述信息或获取业 务描述信息; 业务描述信息提供单元, 用于向用户终端提供业务描述信息。
本发明实施例还提供一种基于 IMS的流媒体业务的实现方法, 包括: 流媒体业务使能实体向用户终端提供流媒体业务描述信息; 所述用户终端 根据所述业务描述信息选择一个流媒体业务; 应用服务器接收到用户终端 发出的流媒体业务请求后, 发出媒体资源请求; 媒体服务器根据所述媒体 资源请求, 向应用服务器提供存储流媒体内容的媒体资源交付处理功能实 体的信息; 所述应用服务器向用户终端提供所述媒体资源交付处理功能实 体的信息。
在本发明实施例中, 流媒体业务使能实体可以向用户终端提供业务描 述信息, 用户终端可以根据业务描述信息选择一个流媒体业务, 并向应用 服务器发出流媒体业务请求, 应用服务器再向用户终端提供一个媒体服务 器的信息, 这样, 用户终端就可以使用媒体服务器的信息获取流媒体内容, 达到了在基于 IMS网絡架构的基础上实现流媒体业务的目的。
附图说明
图 1为现有的 IPTV网络架构示意图;
图 1为现有的 IMS网络架构示意图;
图 3为本发明流媒体网络系统的第一实施例示意图;
图 4为本发明流媒体网络系统的第二实施例示意图;
图 5为本发明流媒体网络系统的第三实施例示意图;
图 6为本发明流媒体业务实现方法的第一实施例流程图;
图 7为本发明流媒体业务实现方法的第二实施例流程图;
图 8为本发明流媒体业务实现方法的第三实施例流程图;
图 9为本发明流媒体网络系统的第四实施例示意图;
图 10为图 9中的 SCF被 IPTV应用使用的一个示意图; 图 11为图 9中的 IPTVAS的一种结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图, 对本发明实施例进行详细说明。
本发明实施例利用 SIP简单、 易扩展、 媒体组合方便的特点, 在现有 IMS 网络系统的基 上增加至少一个功能实体, 以实现对流媒体的控制。 如图 3所示, 本发明实施例的一种 IMS 网络系统包括 P/S/I-CSCF (代理 / 服务 /查询-呼叫会话控制功能)、 MRF媒体资源功能及 AS (应用服务器), 网络系统中增加的功能实体包括媒体资源定位功能 /媒体资源代理功能 ( MRLF/MRBF, Media Resource Location Function/Media Resource Broker Function), 业务节目单功能实体(SGF, Service Guide Function ), 内容管 理功能实体 ( CMF , Content Management Function )、 密钥管理功能实体 ( KMF, Key Management Function )、 版权发布功能实体( RIF, Right Issue Function )。
下面分別对上述功能实体及功能实体之间的接口进行说明。
P/S/I-CSCF提供会话控制、 路由和业务触发等相关功能, 其它功能实 体提供认证、 计费、 QoS、 安全等相关支撑功能, 这些功能实体与 AS是相 互配合的, 前者支撑业务, 后者提供业务。 以彩铃业务为例, 用户定制的 彩钤是哪一首歌、 如何播放歌曲等由 AS 处理, 对用户的鉴权(如用户是 否是合法用户)及用户的会话建立过程 (即拨号接通过程)等就是除 AS 及 P/S/I-CSCF之外的那些实体处理的, 另外, 用户定制的彩铃歌曲存放的 位置及如何找到最靠近用户的 MRF 由 MRLF/MKBF处理, 向用户播放歌 曲由 MRF实现。
MRF提供流媒体网络中媒体服务器的功能, MKF包括 MRFC和 MRFP。 根据 MRF在网络中部署位置的不同, 可以选择由中心媒体服务器 或边缘媒体服务器提供实际的媒体内容。 通常, 由最靠近用户的边缘媒体 服务器向用户提供媒体内容, 但是, 如果边缘媒体服务器没有用户需要的 媒体内容, 则可以由中心媒体服务器将用户需要的媒体内容提供给边缘媒 体服务器, 边缘媒体服务器再提供给用户。 如果用户再次请求提供相同的
媒体内容时, 边缘媒体服务器就可以直接向用户提供媒体内容。
AS在网絡系统中的各个功能实体的支撑下实现对流媒体业务的逻辑 控制, 具体的, 可以基于 IMS成熟的会话控制机制建立流媒体会话, 也可 以在 AS上通过对不同业务逻辑的处理提供丰富的业务, 例如集成实时会 话业务、 流媒体业务等。
MRLF/MRBF, SGF、 CMF、 KMF及 RIF用于提供例如版权管理、 内 容信息管理、 电子节目单生成及流媒体业务订阅等流媒体或 IPTV网络特 有功能。
MRLF/MRBF提供本 IMS域内或全网的媒体资源分布信息及 MRF状 态信息的收集、 搜索、 定位、 分发等媒体资源处理功能, 可以与 CMF及 MRF共同提供内容分发网络(CDN )的功能, MRLF/MRBF既可以提供流 媒体业务中所需的媒体资源分发或调度功能 , 也可以同样为非流媒体业务 提供同样的服务,例如音频、视频文件的定位和 MRF的查找或分发。其中, CDN是流媒体业务的一个很重要的辅助功能, 例如, 对于一个规模庞大的 流媒体网络, 当有几十万个用户同时向位于中心的流媒体服务器发出请求 时, 网络带宽将无法承受, 因此, 在部署节 内容时, 需要预先将热门的 节目内容分发到离用户较近的边缘媒体服务器(例如深圳), 或者将热门的 节目内容通过中心媒体服务器(例如北京)先发到靠近用户的边缘媒体服 务器, 再由边缘媒体服务器发给用户, 如果用户再次请求相同的节目内容 时, 可以直接从边缘媒体服务器获取节目内容。
具体来说, MRLF /MRBF可以提供如下功能:
收集资源分布信息及 MRF状态信息, MRF状态信息可以为负载情况 等信息;
根据 AS/S-CSCF的请求、 资源分布信息及 MRF状态信息等, 选择合 适的 MRP, 并将选择的结果返回给 S-CSCF/AS, 其中, AS/S-CSCF的请求 消息可以包括媒体内容、 用户位置、 服务廣量等信息, 将选择的结果返回 给 S-CSCF/AS是 MRLF特定的功能;
将 AS/S- CSCF的媒体资源请求消息路由到 MRF, 同时可以根椐路由 策略, 退出后续的 AS/S-CSCF与 MRF之间的消息交互, 其中, 决定是否
参与后续的 AS/S-CSCF与 MRF之间的消息交互是 MRBF特定的功能。 在图 3中, MRLF MRBF可以与 AS连接, 也可以与 S-CSCF连接。 另 外, MRLF/MRBF可以是二选一的方式, 即, MRLF/MRBF或者为 MRLF, 或者为 MRBF,如果为 MRLF,则 MRLF与 AS/S-CSCF之间的接口是查询 接口, 通过这个接口, 可以将选择的 MRF结果返回给 AS/S-CSCF; 如果 为 MRBF, 则 MRBF与 AS/S-CSCF之间的接口是媒体资源请求消息接口, MRBF可以将媒体资源请求消息路由到选择的 MRF, 同时决定是否参与后 续的 AS/S-CSCF与 MRF之间的消息交互, 如果 MRBF在进行媒体资源请 求消息路由时, 将自己的 OKI不加入到媒体资源请求消息的 Record-Route 或: Route头域, 则 MRBF不会参与后续的交互。
SGF 用于从运营商的业务运营支撑系统(BOSS, Business Operation Support System )或其它支撑系统获取业务描述信息, 并且从 C F获取内 容元信息, 同时, 还可以从 UPSF获取用户签约信息, 之后再根据上述信 息生成电子节目单, 其中, 业务描述信息是用于描迷流媒体业务的信息, 例如观看电影、 玩游戏等, 内容元信息是用于描述内容信息的信息, 例如 影片的名称、 内容等。
CMF可以提供如下功能:
用于与前端交互实现媒体内容管理功能, 生成和管理内容元信息; 与 KMF交互实现媒体内容的保护功能,其中可以包括内容加密密钥的 保存或获取;
根据运营商的分发配置和策略信息与 MRF/内容系统 (CS , Content System) 交互, 完成媒体资源的分发, 其中, 最初内容提供商提供的内容 源经过前端处理后保存在 CS 中, 再根据运营商配置的分发策略及后续运 营过程中收集的信息通过 CS将内容分发到 MRF, 其中, 内容源可以为流 媒体和 IPTV内容提供商提供的片源或电视节目。
CMF还可以从例如 MRLF/MRBF/MRFC等功能实体获取媒体服务器 的媒体资源信息, 例如媒体资源的分布信息和 /或媒体服务器的负载信息 等, CMF还可以向例如 AS等其他功能实体提供这些媒体资源信息, 以使 AS等其他功能实体也能够查询到媒体资源信息。
KMF可以提供如下功能:
与 CMF交互保存节目标识(ID )和对应的加密密钥, 其中, 如果内容 已被加密保护, 则 CMF提供密钥给 KMF, KMF保存密钥和内容的对应关 系;
与 CMF交互, 生成内容保护密钥返回给 CMF, KMF保存密钥和内容 的对应关系 , 其中, 如果内容没有被加密, 则 CMF会向 KMF请求内容 加密密钥, KMF分配密钥返回给 CMF, 同时, KMF保存节目 ID与加密 密钥的对应关系;
KMF还可以向 RIF提供节目 ID与密钥信息。
RIF可以提供如下功能:
与 UPSF交互获取用户的签约业务权限信息,并与 KMF交互获取用户 请求的媒体内容的密钥信息, 之后根据上述信息生成用户的版权对象; 接受用户的请求, 返回用户的版权对象, 其中, 用户可以是 IMS中定 义的用户设备(UE, User Equipment ),也可以是机顶盒(STB, Set Top Bo ) 和个人计算机 ( PC, Personal Computer) 等其它用户终端。 用户与 RIF之 间的接口可以为 II , 协议可以是版权对象获取协议( ROAP );
与 KMF配合实现流媒体或 IPTV中特有的数字版权管理( DRM )模块 的功能, 其中, KMF可以融入到 RIF实体, 合并为一个功能实体。
需要说明的是, CMF可以与 SGF配合,用于对内容源发出的信息进行 管理并生成电子节目单。
还需要说明的是, SGF、 KMF, CMF和 RIF可以为一个流媒体业务使 能实体( streaming service enabler ), 用于对媒体内容的处理, 例如编解码 变换、 压缩、 加密等。
下面对图 3中的各个接口进行说明。
接口 II为用户终端与 RIF之间的交互接口, 通过这个接口, 用户终端 可以获取版权对象, 接口的协议可以为 ROAP。
接口 12为用户终端与 SGF之间的交互接口,通过这个接口,用户终端 可以请求电子节目单及订阅节目 , 接口的协议可以为 HTTP。
接口 13为 SGF与 UPSF之间的交互接口,通过这个接口, SGF可以向
UPSF请求用户的签约业务信息及权限信息,还可以将用户订阅的节目信息 保存到 UPSF, 接口的协议可以为 Diameter协议, 其中, Diameter协议为 新一代的 AAA协议。
接口 14为 AS/S-CSCF与 MRLF/MRBF之间的交互接口, 通过这个接 口, AS/S-CSCF可以向 MRLF请求合适的 MRF, 还可以向 MRBF请求媒 体资源, AS/S-CSCF 与 MRLF 之间的协议可以为 Diameter 协议, AS/S-CSCF与 M BF之间的协议可以为 SIP。
接口 15为 MRLF/MRBF与 MRFC之间的交互接口, 通过这个接口, MRLF/MRBF可以与 MR C交互媒体资源分布信息及 MRP 状态信息, 通 过信息交互, MRLF/MRBF可以选择合适的 MRF。
接口 16为 CMF与 KMF之间的交互接口,这个接口可以是 CMF与 KMF 之间的交互内容保护信息的接口。
接口 17为 RIF与 KMF之间的交互接口, 通过这个接口, RIF可以向 KMF请求节目 ID和内容保护密钥信息。
接口 18为 SGF与 CMF之间的交互接口, 通过这个接口, SGF可以向 CMF请求内容元信息。
接口 19为 RIF与 UPSF之间的交互接口, 通过这个接口, RIF可以向 UPSF请求用户签约的业务权限信息, 接口的协议可以为 Diameter协议。
在图 3中, MRLF/MRBF可以实现收集各个 MRF信息及选择合适的 MRF功能, 在实际应用中, MRLF/MRBF实现的功能也可以通过对 MRFC 的功能进行扩展来实现。 其中的一种扩展方式为, 将全网中的所有 MRFC 作为对等网络中的节点, MRFC实现对等节点的功能, 例如节点成员组管 理、 认证、 资源的发布、 搜索、 请求和服务提供等, 并通过 MRFC之间的 交互完成 CDN的功能, 其中, CDN是流媒体业务的一个很重要的辅助功 能, 例如, 对于一个规模庞大的流媒体网络, 当有几十万个用户同时向位 于中心的流媒体服务器发出请求时, 网络带宽将无法承受, 因此, 在部署 节目内容时, 需要预先将热门的节目内容分发到离用户较近的边缘媒体服 务器(例如深圳),或者将热门的节目内容通过中心媒体服务器(例如北京) 先发到靠近用户的边缘媒体服务器, 再由边缘媒体服务器发给用户, 如果
用尸再次请求相同的节目内容时, 可以直接从边缘媒体服务器获取节目内 谷。
图 4为本发明 IMS网络系统的第二种实施方式。 如图 4所示, MRFC 实现全网或任何一个 IMS域的媒体资源分布信息及 MRF状态信息的搜索、 定位、 分发等功能, MRFC与 MRFC之间设置有交互的接口, 通过全网 或任何一个 IMS域的各个 MRFC之间的交互, 实现媒体资源分布信息及 MRP状态信息的交互,获取全网或任何一个 IMS域的媒体资源信息及 MRF 状态信息, 从而使得 AS/S-CSCF可以向任何一个 IMS域的 MRJFC发起媒 体资源请求, MRFC可以根据交互获得的媒体资源信息及 MRF状态信息将 媒体资源请求消息路由到合适的 MRPC。
MRPC之间的交互可以采用点对点 (P2P, Peer-to-Peer ) 的技术实现, 即, 每个 MRFC相当于对等网络中的一个节点, 基于 P2P的技术完成媒体 资源的分发和调度功能, 其中, P2P的技术可以包括节点成员组管理、 认 证、 资源的发布、 搜索、 请求和服务提供等。
由于 MRFC可以通过与各个 MRFC之间的交互获取全网或任何一个 IMS域内的媒体资源的分布信息和 MRF状态信息, 所以, 如果 CMF与任 意一个 MRFC进行交互,也可以获取全网或任何一个 IMS域内媒体资源的 分布信息及 MRFP状态信息, CMF再根据配置的内容分发策略将管理的内 容向 MRF进行分发。 CMF也可以将内容源分发给某个 M F, 然后再以 MRFC之间所组成的 P2P网络为基础,将内容源在全网或任何一个 IMS域 内的 MRF之间按需分发。 CMF也可以直接作为 MRFC组成 P2P网络的中 心节点, 直接根据 P2P网络的分发技术, 将内容源在全网或任何一个 IMS 域域内的 MRJF之间按需分发。
在图 4中, AS/S-CSCF接收到用户的流媒体业务请求时, 可以不必再 向 MRLF查询合适的 MRF, 而是将媒体资源请求发送到一个 MRFC,这个 MRFC可以是 AS/S-CSCF根据配置的某个 MRPC的地址或某个通用的 MRFC的 SIP URI、 再根据 DNS的解析策略返回某个 MRFC的 IP地址确 定的, 另夕卜, AS发出的媒体资源请求可以与流媒体业务请求相同, 即只是 转发流媒体业务请求, AS还可以对流媒体业务请求进行修改, 或者根据流
媒体业务请求携带的参数, 生成一个新的请求消息, 此时, 媒体资源请求 与流媒体业务请求不相同。 接收到媒体资源请求的 MRFC可以根据 AS提 供的信息, 例如用户位置、 IP地址、 用户编解码能力、 QoS要求、 用户终 端类型、 媒体内容标识等, 再结合通过] 組成的 P2P网络获取的全网 或任何一个 IMS域内的媒体资源分布信息及 MRPC状态信息,将媒体资源 请求路由到合适的 MRFC,这个合适的 MRFC再控制 MRFP为用户提供相 应的媒体内容。 其中, MRFC可以通过与每个 MRFC之间的接口 14交互 获取媒体资源分布信息及 MRF状态信息, 并控制媒体资源在不同 MRFP 之间的内容分发和调度。
在实际应用中, M LF/MRBF可以只为一个 MRBF。 图 5为本发明实 施例的第三种 IMS网络系统示意图。 如图 5所示, MRBF定位于媒体资源 代理功能, 除完成本 IMS域内 MRF的匹配、 定位和路由外, 还增加与其 它 IMS域中的 MRBF之间交互的功能, 用于实现跨域时媒体资源访问。
此外, MRBF与 MRBF之间具有接口 110, 这个接口用于不同 IMS 域间的 MRBF之间的交互, 实现跨域媒体资源的搜索、 定位、 路由接口功 。
CMF与 MRBF之间的接口为接口 II 1,这个接口用于将 CMF管理的内 容源分发到 MRPC, 分发过程需要经过 MRBF, 至于分发到哪个 MRFC, 可以由 MRBF收集的 MRF状态信息及 CMF配置的内容分发策略决定。
需要说明的是,在图 3-图 5中, MRLF MRBF设置于 IMS网络架构中, 在实际应用中, MRLF/MRBF 也可以设置于 IMS 网络架构之外, 只要 MRLF/MRBF与 AS/S- CSCF及 MRPC之间具有接口即可。
图 3-5所示的为本发明系统的三个实施例, 此外, 本发明还提供了基 于 IMS的流媒体业务的实现方法的实施例。 这个方法实施例的整体技术方 案为: 流媒体业务使能实体向用户终端提供流媒体业务描述信息; 所述用 户终端根据所述业务描述信息选择一个流媒体业务; 应用服务器接收到用 户终端发出的流媒体业务请求后, 发出媒体资源请求; 媒体服务器根据所 述媒体资源请求, 向应用服务器提供存储流媒体内容的媒体资源交付处理 功能实体的信息; 所述应用服务器向用户终端提供所述媒体资源交付处理
功能实体的信息。
所述用户终端发起流媒体业务请求之前还可以包括: 所述用户终端从 流媒体业务使能实体中获取节目信息。
所迷应用服务器在处理流媒体业务请求时还可以包括: 所述应用服务 器从流媒体业务使能实体中获取流媒体内容元信息。
所述应用服务器可以按照下述步骤发出媒体资源请求: 所述应用服务 器向 MRLF查询媒体服务器信息; 所述 MRLF从至少一个媒体服务器中选 择一个媒体服务器, 并将选择的媒体服务器信息返回给所述应用服务器; 所述应用服务器向选择的媒体服务器发出媒体资源请求。
所述应用服务器可以按照下述步骤发出媒体资源请求: 所述应用服务 器向 MRBF发送媒体资源请求;所述 MRBF从至少一个媒体服务器中选择 一个媒体服务器, 并向选择的媒体服务器转发媒体资源请求。
所述应用服务器可以按照下迷步骤发出媒体资源请求: 所述应用服务 器向媒体服务器中的媒体资源控制功能实体发送媒体资源请求; 所述媒体 资源控制功能实体从至少一个媒体服务器中选择一个媒体服务器, 并向选 择的媒体服务器转发媒体资源请求。
所述应用服务器向用户终端提供所述媒体资源交付处理功能实体的信 息后还可以包括: 所述用户终端与所述媒体资源交付处理功能实体进行交 付协商 , 所述交付协商可以包括对媒体服务器与终端之间的媒体控制通道 描述信息的协商, 和 /或对媒体服务器与终端之间的媒体传送通道描述信息 的协商、 和 /或对媒体服务器与终端之间的网络传送层资源预留的协商。 其 中, 媒体传送通道是指传送流媒体内容的网络传送层承载通道, 例如 TCP 连接或 UDP媒体流,其描述信息就是对媒体传送通道进行特征描述的相关 参数, 例如 IP地址、 UDP端口号等。媒体控制通道是指传送媒体控制信令 的网络传送层承载通道, 其承载的可以是对流媒体内容传送进行控制的信 令, 其描述信息就是对媒体控制通道进行特征描述的相关参数, 例如 IP地 址、 UDP端口号等, 通过控制通道上交互的信令, 可以实现对流媒体内容 传送的控制, 例如开始、 暂停、 前进、 后退等。 另外, 所述用户终端与所 述媒体资源交付处理功能实体可以直接进行交付协商, 也可以通过 AS或
其他功能实体的控制进行交付协商。
所述用户终端与所述媒体资源交付处理功能实体进行交付协商后还可 以包括: 所述用户终端直接接收所述媒体资源交付处理功能实体提供的流 媒体内容, 或者, 所述用户终端向执行交付的网络传送层发送传送请求后, 接收所述媒体资源交付处理功能实体提供的流媒体内容。
所述用户终端还可以使用从流媒体业务使能实体获取的版权对象和 / 或密钥信息, 对流媒体内容进行解密。
所述用户终端与所述媒体资源交付处理功能实体之间的交付协商可以 包括对媒体良务器与终端之间的媒体控制通道描述信息的协商, 和 /或对媒 体服务器与终端之间的媒体传送通道描述信息的协商、 和 /或对媒体服务器 与终端之间的网络传送层资源预留的协商。
下面再以 VOD业务为例, 对基于本发明实施例的 IMS网络系统的流 媒体业务的实现方法进行说明。
首先结合图 6, 对方法的第一实施例进行说明。 在第一实施例中, 采 取内容保护方式, UE通过 II接口从 RIF获取版权对象(RO), 以对加密后 的内容进^ "解密, 如图 6所示:
S600: UE通过 12接口从 SGF获取电子节目菜单。
S601 : UE根据电子节目菜单携带的用户资源标识 (URI, SIP URI) 发起业务请求, 请求消息可以为 SIP消息, 请求消息至少包含请求的内容 / 业务的标识信息, 另外, 还可以携带 AS的 URI及相关的媒体描述信息 ( SDP , Session Description Protocol )。
S601.1: P-CSCF接收到上述请求后, 向 CLF请求提供 HE的位置信 息, 其中, CLF为 NGN网络架构中的 NASS子系统中的一个功能实体, 用于保存 UE的位置信息。
S601.2: CLF将 UE位置信息返回给 P-CSCF。
S601.3 : 根据 UE发出的请求消息中的 SDP, P-CSCF可以向 SPDF 发出传输资源请求, 这个请求为传送层承载网絡的资源请求, 其中, SPDF 为 NGN网络架构中的 RACS子系统的一个功能实体, 用于接受业务层的 请求, 与 RACS子系统的其它功能实体一起完成承载网絡的资源控制。 这
个步骤可以只是一个策略决策过程, 用于判断是否允许资源使用等。
S601.4: SPDF向 P-CSCF返回传输资源响应, 传输资源响应包括反馈 处理结果。
S602: P-CSCF在请求消息中增加 UE的位置信息, 并将请求消息转发 给 S-CSCF0
S603: S-CSCF ^^据请求消息中的内容和业务触发规则, 将请求消息 触发到处理业务/内容的 AS, 其中, 触发奈件可以是业务 /内容的标识或者 AS的 URI。
S604 : AS完成特有的业务退辑的处理, 如果 S-CSCF触发的请求消 息涉及媒体内容的使用, 则需要硝定可以提供媒体资源服务的 MRFC, 此 时, AS需要向 MRLF发起资源定位请求, 资源定位请求可以包含内容标 识信息、内容编码格式及压缩格式需求、 UE位置信息及 UE的标识等信息。
S605: MRLF根据与 M FC交互获取的媒体资源分布信息及 MRF状 态信息, 再结合 UE的位置信息及资源需求情况等, 确定可以提供服务的 MRF, 并返回资源定位响应给 AS, 资源定位响应包括确定的 MRF结果返 回。
MRLF可以以如下方式获取媒体资源分布信息及 MRJF状态信息: MRLF、 CMF及 MRFC交互控制媒体资源的分发, 媒体资源分发的结 杲由 MRPC收集并提供给 MRLF, MRLF获得媒体资源的分布情况后, 可 以将媒体资源的分布作为一个选择 MRFC的条件。
另外, 媒体资源的分发过程也可以没有 MRLF的参与, 媒体资源分发 的结果由 MRFC提供给 MRLF。
此外, 媒体资源的分布也可以具有固定策略, 这个策略可以导入到 MRLF中, 作为选择 MRFC的依据。
S606 : AS根据从 MRLF返回的 MRFC的地址信息, 向 MRFC发起 媒体资源请求消息。
S607: 媒体资源控制, MRFC通过与 MRFP进行交互获取媒体资源 信息, 媒体资源信息包括 实时传送流协议(RTSP, Realtime Streaming Protocol )地址 /端口、 实时传送协议 /实时传送控制协议 ( RTP/RTCP,
Realtime Transfer Protocol/ Realtime Transfer Control Protocol )地址 /端口等 信息。
S608: MRFC向 AS返回 MRFP的 SDP, 其中, SDP包含确定的 RTSP/RTP/RTCP地址 /端口等信息。
S609 : AS向 S-CSCF返回业务响应。
S610: S-CSCF向 P-CSCF转发业务响应消息, 居业务的需求, 例 如需要组播, 在进行 QoS资源预留的同时, 可以完成对承载网络的組播控 制。
S610.1 : P-CSCF在这里向 SPDF发起资源预留请求。
S610.2: SPDF向 P-CSCF反馈资源预留结果。
S611: P-CSCF向 UE转发业务响应消息业务响应消息包括媒体协商 结果。
S612: UE根据业务响应消息, 与 AS进行 SIP信令交互以完成协商 过程, 当收到 AS返回的 200 ( ok )响应时:
S612.1 : P-CSCF根据最终的协商确认信息对 SPDF预留资源作更改 并提交(commit ), 打开承载网的门控控制。
S612.2: SPDF对 commit请求返回确认响应。
S613: AS与 MRFC进行 SIP信令交互以完成协商过程。
S614: MRFC根据最终的协商结杲对 MKFP进行控制。
5615 : 建立媒体控制通道, 在这个步骤中, UE根据最终的协商结果 向 MRFP发起 R SP连接, 用于业务流控制, 即 VCR控制。
5616 : UE与 MRJFP建立 RTP/RTCP媒体传输通道,用于传输媒体流。 UE接收到媒体流后,利用从 RIF获取到的版权对象中包括的内容加密 密钥对媒体流进行解密, 并播放媒体节目, 同时, UE可以通过与 MRPP 建立的 RTSP通道对媒体节目进行控制, 例如暂停、 快进、 回放等操作。
图 7为本发明方法的笫二实施例的流程图。 如图 7所示, 这个实施例 通过扩展 MRJF的功能实现媒体资源的分发调度, 并通过各个 MRFC之间 的交互, 完成媒体资源分布信息和 MRF状态信息的交互,获取全网的资源 信息, 从而使得 AS/S-CSCF可以向任何一个 IMS域中的 MRFC发起资源 请求, MRFC 根据交互获得的信息将媒体资源请求消息路由到合适的
MRFCo
图 8为本发明方法的第三实施例的流程图。 在这个实施例中, AS可以 确定最优的 MRFC, AS可以从 CMF、 MRLF、 MRBF或] VC FC收集或查 询媒体资源分布信息和 MRF 状态信息, CMF 可以从 MRLF、 MRBF或 MRFC收集或查询媒体资源分布信息和 MRF状态信息。
图 8所示的步骤 S801-S803、 S806-S816与图 6所示的步骤 S601-S603、 相同, 图 8的步骤 S804与步骤 S805分别为:
S804: 获取媒体资源信息, AS与 CMF/MRLF交互, 获得媒体资源信 息, 例如媒体资源分布信息和 /或媒体服务器的负载信息等。
S805: 确定最优的 MRFC, 确定的依据可以为: UE发出的业务请求消 息中携带的例如内容标识、用户的位置等信息, 以及从 CMF/MRLF获得的 媒体资源分布信息和 /或媒体服务器的负载信息。
需要说明的是,在图 3-5所示的系统实施例及图 6-8所示的方法实施例 中, SGF、 CMF, KMF及 RIF可以组成一个流媒体业务使能实体, 用于提 供电子节目单、 内容元信息、 加密密钥及版权保护等信息, 在实际应用中, 流媒体业务使能实体也可以由其他功能实体或功能单元组成 , 这些功能实 体或功能单元也可以提供这些信息, 当然, 还可以提供其他功能或信息。
如果流媒体业务使能实体的组成有所变化, 则流媒体业务使能实体所 在的流媒体网络系统也有所变化。 下面结合图 9, 对这种流媒体网络系统 实施例进行说明。
如图 9所示, 内容域( Content Domain ) 包括如下三个部分: 内容操作 ( Content Operation )单元, 内容操作是指来自 IMS外部对 IPTV业务内容进行管理的命令, 例如, 为点播系统增加一部当前最新的影 片, 为一场拳击比赛建立一个临时的、 新的直播频道, 或是对现有节目频 道进行调整,其中的操作可以来自运营支撑系统或是专用的维护操作平台。
内容源 (Content Source ), 内容源是指 IPTV业务所涉及的内容来源, 内容可以直接来自内容提供商(Content Provider ), 例如来自卫星网络的直 播节目媒体流, 也可以是某个中心服务器上所存储的内容, 例如影片库中 的文件, 还可以是来自用户终端提供的共享视频流。
DRM ( Digit Rights Management ), DRM指外部的数字版权管理系统。 如果内容提供商提供的内容是已经加密过的, 用户终端就需要通过 DRM 获得直接由内容提供商提供的版权信息, 例如内容加密密钥、版权对象等。
图 9中的接入层( Access Network Layer )包括能够支持 IP技术的各种 有线或是无线接入网络, 例如以太网、 数字用户链路 (xDSL , Digital Subscriber Line )、 第三代移动通信网络( 3G, Third Generation ), 无线局域 网( WLAN, Wireless LAN ) /WiMax网络、数字电视广播标准(DVB-T/H ) 网络等。 根据 IPTV业务的特点, 对接入网络有支持单播 /组播 /广播能力的 要求, 以保证一定的服务质量(QoS )。 另外, 上层应用应该能够根据接入 网的不同采用相应的控制方式。接入网应该能够支持 TISPAN (国际上成立 较早的专门针对 NG 进行研究的标准组织)定义的 NASS和 RACS接口。
图 9 中的传输层(Transport Layer )可以分为两个部分, 即传输控制 ( Transport Control )和分发与交付 ( Delivery and Distribution )。
传输控制(Transport Control )直接使用 TISPAN NGN所定义的两个功 能子系统, 即 NASS及 RACS。 NASS和 RACS是在 IPTV业务网络和承载 网絡之间引入的承载控制层, 实现了业务和承载的关联, 通过这两个子系 统配合, 承载层可以做到用户终端可识别、 业务可区分、 质量可控制。
NASS可以为用户终端提供接入层面的注册以及连接 IPTV业务之前的 初始化,包括网络层的设备识别、认证、 IP地址分配以及接入授权等。 ASS 实现了基于多种策略的用户终端认证和定位, 为加强用户终端的管理和安 全奠定基础, 为漫游用户终端保证业务体验的一致, 并为业务的精确运营 奠定了网絡的基础。
RACS 为 IPTV应用提供了对网络资源的请求和保留机制。 对于实时 IPTV业务, 例如互动电视(LTV )、 VOD、 视频会议以及在线游戏等, 可 以借助 RACS实现对网络的资源预留控制、许可控制以及策略控制。 RACS 实现基于会话的资源管控, 具有业务无关性。
在 IPTV业务中,完整的媒体分发、交付以及控制功能( Media Delivery Distribution Control Function )可以由三个功能实体共同完成, 即 MRBF、 MRFC和 MRFP。 其中, MRBF和 MRFC属于控制层, 分别提供媒体分发
与交付功能和媒体资源控制功能。 由 MRBF进行媒体分发和交付决策, 通 过 MRFC控制 MRFP完成实际的媒体分发和交付过程。
MRFP位于传输层, 在 MRFC的控制下, 完成媒体分发、 交付与处理 的具体实施。 MRFP在 IMS-based IPTV系统中,在 MRFC的控制下支持对 指定流媒体内容的分发存储和交付发送。 MRPP可以是传统 IPTV系统中的 媒体服务器, 根据 MRFP在网络中部署位置的不同, MRFP可以是中心媒 体服务器或边缘媒体服务器, 用于提供实际的流媒体内容。对于分发过程, MRFP可以通过 MRBF对内容的分发, 在 MRFC的控制下, 从内容源获得 流媒体内容并将流媒体内容存储。
对于交付过程, MRBF可以将用户终端对流媒体内容的请求重定向到 指定策略下最优的 MRFP, MRFP最终为用户终端提供流媒体内容。
MRFP 具体可以完成以下功能: 流媒体内容获取与存储, 具有多种获 取和存储方式, 实现对所存储的流媒体内容的快速检索; 根据 MRFC的要 求上报指定信息, 例如负载状态、 资源状态、 流媒体内容状态; 媒体格式 处理, 例如编解码格式转换、 视频内容精筒、 视频内容混合; 流媒体内容 的分发, 具有多种分发方式, 实现不同分发方式之间的相互转换; 流媒体 内容加密功能, 根据指定的密钥实现对流媒体内容的实时加密。
图 9中的控制层(Control Layer )主要实现对 iPTV业务会话的管理, 在 IMS-based IPTV系统中, 完全使用了 IMS中的控制层架构, 只是根据 IPTV业务的实现特点和能力要求做了某些增强,对已有功能实体提出新的 要求, 例如 CSCF、 CF、 UPSF及 MRFC, 并增加了新的功能实体 MRBF。
MRBF用于完成全网或某个管理域内媒体资源的搜索、 定位、 分发以 及媒体资源状态信息等资源策略方面的控制。 MRBF控制媒体的分发与交 付, 根据一定的策略确定内容分发, 通过 MRFC控制 MRFP将流媒体内容 从内容源分发到 MR P。通过与 MRFC进行交互,获取媒体发布状态信息, 以媒体发布状态信息为依据确定交付的 MRFP, 并通过 MRFC控制 MRFP 实施交付。 MRBF主要具有如下功能: 从 MRFC收集 MRFP的媒体资源 状态信息, 例如可用的资源状况、 负载状态、 QoS、 可用带宽等; 根据 AS/S-CSCF的请求、 从 CMF获取的媒体分布信息以及从 MRFC收集的媒
体分布点负载状况等选择合适的 MRFP, 其中, AS/S-CSCF的请求中可能 包括流媒体内容标识、 用户接入位置或 IP地址、 用户终端类型、 服务质量 要求等信息; 将 AS/S-CSCF的媒体资源请求消息路由到 MRJF, 同时, 根 据路由策略, 选择退出后续的 AS/S-CSCF与 MRF之间的交互; MRBF与 AS和 /或 S-CSCF之间可以具有接口。
在 IMS-based IPTV系统中, MRJFC在原 IMS中具有的功能基础之上, 还可以具有如下功能: 控制 MR P获取流媒体内容, 控制流媒体内容从内 容源到 MRFP的分发过程; 控制 MRFP实现流媒体内容的交付, 实现对多 种不同交付方式的控制, 控制单播 /組播的转换; 控制 MRFP实现对媒体格 式的处理, 例如控制媒体格式转换、 控制视频精简、 控制视频混合等; 控 制 MRFP实现对流媒体内容的实时加密; 获取 MRFP的流媒体内容分布信 息、 负载状态、 QoS及网络信息, 并将这些信息提供给 MRBF; 支持媒体 交互控制协议, 例如实时流协议(RTSP ), 实现 RTSP服务器端的功能; 媒 体交互控制代理功能, 实现 RTSP客户端的功能。
图 9中的控制层还可以具有计费功能 (Charging F mction),可以为 IPTV 系统中的 LTV、 VOD等业务提供多种计费方式, 例如在线 /离线计费、 基 于会话的计费、 基于事件的计费、 基于网絡资源占用情况的计费等。
图 9中可以设置有 UPSF, UPSF可以是流媒体网络系统的中心数据服 务器, 用于保存全部用户的相关信息。 在 IPTV系统中, UPSF可以保存用 户关于 IPTV业务的签约信息。
图 9中的应用层 ( Application Layer )是 IPTV业务实现的关键, 应用 层可以包括两个部分: IPTV业务引擎( IPTV Service Enablers )及 IPTV应 用 ( IPTV Application )。
IPTV业务引擎是实现 IPTV业务所必需的特定功能,位于 MS控制层 之上, IPTV应用层之下。 IPTV业务的实现依赖于许多特定的功能, 例如 业务实现能力 (单播 /组播)、 业务发现、 流媒体内容元信息管理、 流媒体 内容部署、 节目指南管理、 安全版权保护、 设备能力管理、 上下文管理等, 如果将这些特定的能力抽象为不同的业务引擎以供会话控制和应用实现调 用, 则可以实现 IPTV业务。 这些业务引擎可以包括: 提供 IPTV业务功能
的业务提供功能实体(SPF , Service Provisioning Function ),控制 IPTV业 务的业务控制功能实体(SCF , Service Control Function )> 存储用户终端 能力的设备清单功能实体(DPF , Device Profile Function ), 实现上下文管 理的上下文管理功能实体(CM , Context Manager ) 以及实现流媒体内容 支持功能的流媒体内容支持功能实体( CPF , Content Protection Function )。
其中, SPF 可以包括实现业务发现和选择功能的业务发现功能单元 ( SDF , Service Discovery Function ) 管理节目指南的节目指南功能单元 ( PGF , Program Guide Function ), 实现业务部署的业务部署功能单元 ( SSF , Service Scheduler Function ) 以及实现流媒体内容管理的流媒体内 容元信息管理功能单元(CMF )。
SCF可以对 IPTV业务基本能力进行控制, SCF是实现 IPTV业务的关 键业务引擎, 位于 IMS控制层和 IPTV应用层之间, 是会话控制和应用之 间的连接控制实体, 可以为各种不同的 IPTV应用提供基本的业务控制能 力和流媒体内容交付控制能力。 SCF的基本业务控制能力主要是指对单播 / 组播的会话控制能力, 这些会话控制能力是实现 IFTV 业务所必需的, 多 个不同的业务可以共用这些会话控制能力。对于 SCF的内容交付控制能力, SCF可以从 CMF获取内容元数据及内容源位置信息,并根据用户上下文决 定交付的内容, 通过 MRBF和 MRF实现交付, 其中, 用户上下文例如为 用户习惯、 信用等级等。 SCF提供的都是实现 IPTV业务所必需的基本能 力, SCF可以与不同的 IPTV应用组合为不同的 IPTV AS,例如,与 SIP IPTV Application组合为 SIP IPTV AS。在实际的网络部署中, SCF可以作为一个 独立的实体供多个 IPTV应用所使用。 另外, 某一个 AS也可以自行构建 SCF。 图 1Q为 SCF被 IPTV应用使用的一个示意图, 如图 10所示, AS1、 AS2和 AS3使用公用的 SCF功能, Appl、 App2与 SCFl之间的接口是应 用程序接口 (API, Application Program Interface ) , App3与 SCFl之间的接 口是内部接口。 AS4、 AS5 自行实现 SCF功能, APP4与 SCF4、 APP5与 SCF5之间的接口是内部接口。
SPF提供了与 IPTV业务相关的各种必要的业务能力,是多个业务能力 的集合, 包括: 业务发现、 业务部署、 流媒体内容元信息管理、 节目指南
等。
SDF为 IPTV业务提供业务发现、 可以选择的业务功能, 例如, 将电 子节目指南系统(EPG , Electronic Program Guide ) 的节目信息提供给用 户, 如果存在多个 EPG服务器, 例如不同业务提供商或第三方业务(如果 第三方业务有独立的 EPG服务器)提供商, 将 EPG入口点集成。
PGF提供业务浏览、 搜索引擎功能, 为用户提供点播、 直播、 轮播的 交互式界面, 即, 执行 EPG的生成功能。
SSF完成对 IPTV业务的部署和組织。 SSF具有如下功能: 对于组播类 业务, 业务部署的主要功能是: 组播地址的分配和管理, 节目标识(ID ) 和组播地址的关联, 组播的建立, 对组播源的控制; 对于点播类业务, 业 务部署的主要功能是: 元数据和内容标识信息 (CID, Content Identifier ) 的关联, 内容分发的触发, 内容分发策略的制定。
PGF可以从业务部署和组织信息中可以获取生成电子节目单所必要的 业务信息(包括单播和组播), 还可以支持静态的业务部署, 也支持在业务 请求过程中动态的进行业务部署。
CMF实现对流媒体内容元信息的管理, 这里的流媒体内容元信息指的 是分发前的内容, 所以, CMF所实现的管理是在流媒体内容分发之前的管 理, 而不涉及分发后的流媒体内容。 流媒体内容元信息包括内容标识、 内 容元数据及内容源位置信息。 内容标识是对 IPTV 系统中能够提供的全部 内容或频道的唯一性索引标识。 内容元数据包含对内容或频道的描述, 如 内容简介、 频道说明、 媒体格式等。 内容源位置信息所指向的可以是业务 运营商自身的集中存储位置, 也可以是来自内容提供商的某个存储地址, 还可以是来自直播内容提供商的媒体端口信息。 CMF可以支持来自其他功 能实体对内容的增加、 删除、 修改、 查询等功能。 CMF还可以接受来自内 容提供商的内容更新通知, 接收其中的元数据和源位置信息, 为新的流媒 体内容生成内容标识, 并完成内容标识和元数据以及源位置信息的映射。 另外, 内容提供商可以具有内容管理实体, 所述内容管理实体可以与 CMF 通过特定的协议 (例如 SIP或 HTTP )进行交互。
CM 可以实现对上下文信息的收集、 存储、 组织和发送功能, 例如,
从多个不同的信息源收集相关信息,为多个不同的应用发送所需要的信息。 需要说明的是, 所有影响 IPTV业务实现的信息都可以作为上下文被存储 和管理, 上下文通常可以分为三种: 用户上下文、 网络上下文以及内容上 下文。 其中, 用户上下文可以包括: 用户当前使用的用户终端信息、 用户 所附着的接入网络、 用户位置信息、 用户终端状态信息 (Presence information )^ 当前业务信息等。 网络上下文可以包括: 承载网络的信息、 建立 IPTV 业务所必需经过的网络实体的信息等, 例如核心网络对组播的 支持情况、 接入网络的带宽等。 内容上下文可以包括: 内容分类、 内容许 可、 流行程度等。
CPF可以为 IPTV业务中所交付的流媒体内容提供版权安全保护机制, 以防止对内容的盗版。 CPF可以采用 DRM、 CA及业务层保护等多种机制, CPF作可以生成流媒体内容密钥, 还可以生成并管理版权对象, 其中, 流 媒体内容密钥可以包括内容保护密钥、 业务保护密钥等。
DPF可以用于保存用户终端的能力信息, 例如屏幕大小、 分辨率、 电 池电量、 内存占用情况等, 这些用户终端信息是在实现 IPTV业务中所需 要的增强性信息, 可以让上层业务更好地了解用户终端的能力及实时状态 信息, 并结合具体的应用做出有针对性的业务呈现调整。 用户终端可以与 DPF之间建立交互机制, 以完成设备能力信息的实时更新。 DPF可以不仅 仅是一个数据库, 除信息收集和存储功能之外, DPF还可以根据上层应用 的要求, 在满足设定条件的情况下, 实现信息的主动上报, 以减轻上层应 用的查询负担, 例如, 上层庄用向 DPF下发策略, DPF按照策略对用户终 端的信息进行采集、 组织和上报。
IPTV应用实现对 IPTV业务的逻辑控制, 可以独立于业务引擎, 并通 过业务引擎实现具体的业务能力。 IPTV应用可以与 SCF共同組成 IPTV AS, 以实现 IFTV业务。 一种 IPTV AS的结构如图 11所示。 具体的, IPTV应 用可以包括 SIP IPTV应用( SIP IPTV Application )及第三方应用( Third Party Application ), SIP IPTV应用与 SCF组成 SIP IPTV AS, 两者之间的接口是 内部的接口, 例如是 ISC, SIP IPTV应用与 SCF可以通过 SIP进行交互, 实现 IPTV业务的基本业务,通常情况下,可以将 SIP IPTV AS看作是 IPTV
系统的一部分。 第三方应用与 SCF组成第三方 AS ( Third PartyAS ), 两者 之间的接口是 API,第三方应用可以通过由 SCF提供的 API与 IMS进行交 互, 并通过 API调用 SCF功能以实现第三方 IPTV增值业务。
需要说明的是, 在上述所有的实施例中, MRFC的全部或部分功能可 以由独立于 MRFC的功能实体实现,这样的功能实体与 MRFC可以统称为 媒体资源控制功能实体, 同理, MRFP 的全部或部分功能可以由独立于 MRPP的功能实体实现, 这样的功能实体与 MRFP可以统称为媒体资源交 付处理功能实体。
在本发明实施例中,在 AS中执行不同的业务逻辑,可以为 UE提供丰 富的业务, 包括基本的流媒体业务和各种与流媒体结合的增值业务和个性 化的业务, 而所有这些业务的会话控制、 路由、 业务触发、 用户认证和管 理方式、 计费、 服务质量的保证以及组播控制等处理机制都是一样的。
本发明实施例的流媒体网络系统可以有效的管理节目内容, 按照既定 的策略对内容进行分发, 并安全的传送给 UE, UE也可以通过直观的节目 单交互, 享受流媒体业务。
本发明实施例的流媒体网络系统基于现有的 IMS网络架构提供流媒体 业务, 共享 IMS网络架构已完善的用户管理、 认证、 计费、 会话路由和业 务触发等功能,降低了运营商的运营成本,而且,本发明实施例还能在 IMS 网絡架构的统一的会话控制下,向 UE提供实时会话类和 TV类业务结合的 更丰富的多媒体业务, 例如, 通过电话邀请好友一起看点播的电视节目, 并在观看过程中对节目进行实时的点评、 暂停、 回放等控制操作。
Claims
1.一种基于 IMS的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于包括:
流媒体业务使能实体, 用于向用户终端提供流媒体业务描述信息; 应用服务器, 用于在用户终端根据所述流媒体业务使能实体提供的业 务描述信息选择一个流媒体业务后且在接收到用户终端发出的流媒体业务 请求后, 发出媒体资源请求, 并在获取存储流媒体内容的媒体资源交付处 理功能实体的信息后, 向用户终端提供所述媒体资源交付处理功能实体的 信息;
媒体服务器, 用于根据应用服务器发出的媒体资源请求, 向应用服务 器提供存储流媒体内容的媒体资源交付处理功能实体的信息。
2.根据权利要求 1 所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于流媒体业务使 能实体包括下述至少一种实体:
内容管理功能实体 CMF, 用于获取或生成描述流媒体内容的流媒体内 容元信息, 并向应用服务器提供所述流媒体内容元信息;
服务导航功能实体 SGF, 用于根据获取的业务描述信息、 流媒体内容 元信息、 用户终端所属用户的签约信息及上下文信息中的至少一种信息, 生成电子节目单, 并向其他功能实体或用户终端提供电子节目单;
密钥管理功能实体 KMF,用于生成流媒体内容保护所需的密钥或者保 存从内容提供商获取的流媒体内容保护所需的密钥, 并向其他功能实体或 用户终端提供流媒体内容保护所需的密钥;
版权发布功能实体 RIF,用于根据从 KMF中获取的流媒体内容保护所 需的密钥和 /或从业务签约信息服务实体获取的用户终端所属用户的签约 信息, 生成使用流媒体内容需要的版权对象, 并向其他功能实体或用户终 端提供版权对象。
3.根据权利要求 2 所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于还包括: 业务 签约信息服务实体,用于向 SGF或 RIF提供用户终端所属用户的签约信息。
4.根据权利要求 3 所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于: 所述业务签 约信息服务实体为用户签约数据服务功能实体 UPSF、独立的流媒体业务数 据管理实体或与应用服务器集成为一个功能实体。
5.根据权利要求 2所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于: CMF还收集 生成或提供流媒体内容的内容源分布信息, 和 /或, 查询媒体服务器的状态 信息, 和 /或, 与媒体服务器交互完成流媒体内容向媒体服务器的分发。
6.根据权利要求 1所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于还包括: 媒体 资源定位功能实体 MRLF或媒体资源代理实体 MRBF, 与媒体服务器之间 具有接口, 用于收集或查询流媒体内容在媒体服务器的分布信息和 /或媒体 服务器的状态信息,并为用户终端选择一个提供流媒体内容的媒体服务器。
7.根据权利要求 6 所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于: 应用服务器 或 S-CSCF与 MRLF之间具有接口, 其中, 应用服务器或 S-CSCF将提供 媒体服务器信息的请求发送到 MRLF, MRLF将选择的媒体服务器的信息 返回给应用服务器或 S-CSCF。
8.根据权利要求 7所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于: 所述 MRLF 与其他 IMS域中的 MRLF之间具有接口, 所述 MRLF与其他 IMS域中的 MRLF进行交互, 获取其他 IMS域中的流媒体内容分布信息。
9.根据权利要求 1 所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于应用服务器包 括: MRLF, 用于收集或查询流媒体内容在媒体服务器的分布信息和 /或媒 体服务器的状态信息, 并为用户终端选择一个提供流媒体内容的媒体服务 器。
10.根据权利要求 6所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于: 应用服务器 或 S-CSCF与 MRBF之间具有接口, 其中, 应用服务器或 S-CSCF将媒体 资源请求发送到 MRBF, MRBF选择媒体服务器后, 将媒体资源请求路由 到选择的媒体服务器。
11.根据权利要求 10所述的流媒体网络系统,其特征在于:所述 MRBF 与其他 IMS域中的 MRBF之间具有接口, 所述 MRBF与其他 IMS域中的 MRBF进行交互, 获取其他 IMS域中的流媒体内容分布信息。
12.根据权利要求 1所述的流媒体网絡系统, 其特征在于: 所述媒体服 务器通过与本 IMS域或其他 IMS域中的媒体服务器进行交互选择一个为用 户终端提供流媒体内容的媒体服务器, 所述交互方式为 P2P。
13.根据权利要求 12所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于: 应用服务
器或 S-CSCF 与媒体服务器之间具有接口, 其中, 应用服务器或 S-CSCF 将媒体资源请求发送到媒体服务器且媒体服务器选择一个媒体服务器后, 将媒体资源请求路由到选择的媒体服务器。
14.根据权利要求 1所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于: 所述媒体服 务器包括媒体资源控制功能实体及媒体资源交付处理功能实体, 其中, 所 述媒体资源控制功能实体控制一个媒体资源交付处理功能实体, 所述媒体 资源交付处理功能实体用于存储并向用户终端提供流媒体内容。
15.根据权利要求 14 所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于: 所述媒体 资源控制功能实体为用户终端或应用服务器选择提供流媒体内容的媒体资 源交付处理功能实体。
16.根据权利要求 14 所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于: 所述媒体 资源控制功能实体收集或查询流媒体内容在媒体资源交付处理功能实体的 分布信息和 /或媒体资源交付处理功能实体的状态信息。
17.根据权利要求 6、 9或 12所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于: MRLF、 MRBF或媒体服务器与流媒体业务使能实体中的 CMF具有接口, 并通过所述接口获取内容源的地址信息, 其中, MRLF或 MRBF将内容源 的地址信息提供给媒体服务器, 媒体服务器根据内容源的地址信息获取流 媒体内容。
18.根据权利要求 17所述的流媒体网络系统,其特征在于:所述 MRLF、 MRBF或媒体服务器还获取流媒体内容在媒体服务器的分布信息。
19.根据权利要求 1所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于所述流媒体业 务使能实体包括下述至少一种实体:
业务提供功能实体 SPF,用于提供与流媒体业务相关的业务描述信息; 设备清单功能实体 DPF, 用于存储或提供用户终端的能力信息; 上下文管理功能实体 CM, 用于收集、 存储、 组织和发送上下文信息; 流媒体内容支持功能实体 CPF, 用于生成或提供流媒体内容加密密钥 和 /或版权对象。
20.根据权利要求 19所迷的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于所述 SPF包 括下述至少一种功能单元:
CMF, 用于获取或生成流媒体内容元信息, 并向应用服务器提供所述 流媒体内容元信息;
业务部署功能单元 SSF, 用于提供流媒体业务的部署和组织信息; 节目指南功能单元 PGF, 用于从部署和组织信息中获取生成电子节目 单所需的业务描述信息, 并根据获取的业务描述信息生成电子节目单; 业务发现功能单元 SDF, 用于提供业务描述信息, 并向用户终端提供 电子节目单。
21.根据权利要求 19 所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于对于組播类 业务, SSF提供至少如下一种功能:
组播地址的分配和管理;
节目标识和组播地址的关联;
组播的建立;
对组播源的控制。
22.根据权利要求 21 所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于对于点播类 业务, SSF提供至少如下一种功能:
元数据和内容标识信息的关联;
内容分发的触发;
内容分发策略的制定。
23.根据权利要求 1所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于所述应用服务 器包括:
流媒体业务应用功能单元, 用于对流媒体业务进行逻辑控制; 业务控制功能单元 SCF, 用于对单播 /组播的会话进行控制, 并决定交 付的流媒体内容。
24.根据权利要求 1所述的流媒体网絡系统, 其特征在于: 所述媒体服 务器包括媒体资源控制功能实体及媒体资源交付处理功能实体, 所述媒体 资源控制功能实体包括如下至少一种功能单元:
获取流媒体内容控制单元, 用于控制媒体资源交付处理功能实体获取 流媒体内容;
交付流媒体内容控制单元, 用于控制流媒体内容多种交付方式的控制
及转换;
处理媒体格式控制单元, 用于控制媒体资源交付处理功能实体处理媒 体格式;
加密流媒体内容控制单元, 用于控制媒体资源交付处理功能实体对流 媒体内容进行加密;
分布信息及负载状态获取单元, 用于从媒体资源交付处理功能实体获 取流媒体内容分布信息及负载状态。
25.根据权利要求 24所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于: 所述媒体 资源交付处理功能实体包括:
流媒体内容获取及存储单元, 用于获取并存储流媒体内容;
分布信息及负载状态上报单元, 用于向媒体资源控制功能实体上报流 媒体内容分布信息及负载状态;
媒体格式处理单元, 用于对媒体格式进行处理;
流媒体内容加密单元 , 用于根据指定的流媒体内容加密密钥对流媒体 内容进行加密。
26.根据权利要求 1 所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于还包括: MRBF , 用于收集或查询流媒体内容分布信息及媒体资源交付处理功能实 体的状态信息, 和 /或, 为用户终端选择一个提供流媒体内容的媒体资源交 付处理功能实体, 和 /或, 将流媒体业务使能实体管理的流媒体内容分发到 媒体资源交付处理功能实体, 所述 MRBF包括如下至少一种功能单元: 分布信息及负载状态收集单元, 用于收集流媒体内容分布信息及媒体 资源交付处理功能实体负载状态信息;
媒体资源交付处理功能实体选择单元,用于根据 AS或 S- CSCF的请求 以及获取的流媒体内容分布信息及 MRDP负载状态信息, 选择一个为用户 终端流媒体内容的媒体资源交付处理功能实体;
请求消息路由单元,用于将 AS或 S-CSCF的请求消息路由到媒体资源 控制功能实体。
27.根据权利要求 14或 24所述的流媒体网络系统, 其特征在于: 所述 媒体资源控制功能实体为 MRFC或独立于 MRFC的功能实体,所述媒体资
源交付处理功能实体为 MRFP或独立于 MRFP的功能实体。
28.—种基于 IMS的流媒体业务使能实体, 其特征在于包括: 业务描述信息存储或获取单元, 用于存储预先配置的业务描述信息或 获取业务描述信息;
业务描述信息提供单元, 用于向用户终端提供业务描述信息。
29.如权利要求 28 所述的流媒体业务使能实体, 其特征在于还包括如 下至少一种功能实体:
CMF, 用于获取或生成描述流媒体内容的流媒体内容元信息, 并向应 用服务器提供所述流媒体内容元信息;
SGF, 用于根据获取的业务描述信息、 流媒体内容元信息、 用户终端 所属用户的签约信息及上下文信息中的至少一种信息生成电子节目单, 并 向用户终端或应用服务器提供电子节目单;
KMF, 用于生成流媒体内容保护所需的密钥或者保存从内容提供商获 取的流媒体内容加密密钥, 并向其他功能实体或用户终端提供流媒体内容 保护所需的密钥;
RIF,用于根据从 KMF中获取的流媒体内容加密密钥和 /或获取的用户 终端所属用户的签约信息, 生成使用流媒体内容需要的版权对象, 并向其 他功能实体或用户终端提供版权对象。
30.—种基于 IMS的流媒体业务的实现方法, 其特征在于包括: 流媒体业务使能实体向用户终端提供流媒体业务描述信息;
所述用户终端根据所述业务描述信息选择一个流媒体业务;
应用服务器接收到用户终端发出的流媒体业务请求后, 发出媒体资源 请求;
媒体服务器根据所述媒体资源请求, 向应用服务器提供存储流媒体内 容的媒体资源交付处理功能实体的信息;
所述应用服务器向用户终端提供所述媒体资源交付处理功能实体的信
31.根据权利要求 30 所述的流媒体业务的实现方法, 其特征在于所述 用户终端发起流媒体业务请求之前还包括: 所述用户终端从流媒体业务使
能实体中获取节目信息。
32.根据权利要求 30所述的流媒体业务的实现方法, 其特征在于所述 应用服务器在处理流媒体业务请求时还包括: 所述应用服务器从流媒体业 务使能实体中获取流媒体内容元信息。
33.根据权利要求 30所述的流媒体业务的实现方法, 其特征在于所述 应用服务器按照下述步骤发出媒体资源请求:
所述应用服务器向 MRLF查询媒体服务器信息;
所述 MRLF从至少一个媒体服务器中选择一个媒体服务器, 并将选择 的媒体服务器信息返回给所述应用服务器;
所述应用服务器向选择的媒体服务器发出媒体资源请求。
34.根据权利要求 30所述的流媒体业务的实现方法, 其特征在于所述 应用服务器按照下述步骤发出媒体资源请求:
所述应用服务器向 MRBF发送媒体资源请求;
所述 MRBF从至少一个媒体服务器中选择一个媒体服务器, 并向选择 的媒体服务器转发媒体资源请求。
35.根据权利要求 30 所述的流媒体业务的实现方法, 其特征在于所述 应用服务器按照下述步骤发出媒体资源请求:
所述 用服务器向媒体服务器中的媒体资源控制功能实体发送媒体资 源请求;
所述媒体资源控制功能实体从至少一个媒体服务器中选择一个媒体服 务器, 并向选择的媒体服务器转发媒体资源请求。
36.根据权利要求 30所述的流媒体业务的实现方法, 其特征在于所述 应用服务器向用户终端提供所述媒体资源交付处理功能实体的信息后还包 括: 所述用户终端与所述媒体资源交付处理功能实体进行交付协商, 所述 交付协商包括对媒体服务器与终端之间的媒体控制通道描述信息的协商, 和 /或对媒体服务器与终端之间的媒体传送通道描述信息的协商、和 /或对媒 体服务器与终端之间的网络传送层资源预留的协商。
37.根据权利要求 30所述的流媒体业务的实现方法, 其特征在于所述 用户终端与所述媒体资源交付处理功能实体进行交付协商后还包括: 所述
用户终端直接接收所述媒体资源交付处理功能实体提供的流媒体内容, 或 者, 所述用户终端向执行交付的网络传送层发送传送请求后, 接收所述媒 体资源交付处理功能实体提供的流媒体内容。
38.根据权利要求 30所述的流媒体业务的实现方法, 其特征在于: 所 述用户终端使用从流媒体业务使能实体获取的版权对象和 /或密钥信息, 对 流媒体内容进行解密。
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US20080307108A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
US8332527B2 (en) | 2012-12-11 |
JP2009527154A (ja) | 2009-07-23 |
EP1988666A4 (en) | 2010-01-20 |
EP1988666B1 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
EP1988666A1 (en) | 2008-11-05 |
CN101026615A (zh) | 2007-08-29 |
CN101313538B (zh) | 2012-02-22 |
JP4862052B2 (ja) | 2012-01-25 |
CN101026615B (zh) | 2011-09-14 |
CN101313538A (zh) | 2008-11-26 |
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