WO2007077057A1

WO2007077057A1 - Compositions for universal use

Info

Publication number: WO2007077057A1
Application number: PCT/EP2006/068821
Authority: WO
Inventors: Patrick GLÖCKNER; Friedrich Georg Schmidt; Andreas Stüttgen
Original assignee: Degussa Ag
Priority date: 2006-01-03
Filing date: 2006-11-23
Publication date: 2007-07-12
Also published as: DE102006000649A1; CN1995131A

Abstract

The invention relates to novel compositions for universal use consisting of: A) dyes and/or fillers; B) compositions consisting of ionic liquids and ketone resins, ketone/aldehyde resins and/or urea/aldehyde resins and/or their hydrogenated resultant products with a universal solubility; and C) optionally additional binding agents; and/or D) optionally auxiliary agents and additives. The invention also relates to the use of said compositions in aqueous coating substances that contain or are devoid of solvents, such as for example, paints, lacquers, adhesives, inks or printing inks and for colouring synthetic materials.

Description

Universally applicable compositions

The present invention relates to universally usable compositions of A) colorants and / or fillers, B) compositions of ionic liquids and ketone, ketone / aldehyde and / or urea / aldehyde resins and / or their hydrogenated secondary products with universal solubility and C) optionally further binders and / or D) optionally auxiliaries and additives and their use in aqueous, solvent-borne and solvent-free coating materials such as, for example, paints, varnishes, adhesives, inks or printing inks and for coloring plastics.

For the dispersion of fillers and pigments in liquid media, dispersants are generally used in order to reduce the mechanical shear forces required for effective dispersion of the solids, at the same time to achieve the highest possible fill levels, and the time required for this process. keep as low as possible. The dispersants promote the breaking up of agglomerates, wet and / or occupy the surface of the particles to be dispersed as surface-active compounds and stabilize them against undesired reagglomeration.

Wetting agents and dispersants facilitate the incorporation of pigments and fillers in the manufacture of paints and coatings, which, as important formulation constituents, essentially determine the optical appearance and the physico-chemical properties of coatings. For optimum utilization, these solids must be evenly distributed in paints and varnishes, on the other hand, the distribution once achieved must be stabilized.

The stabilizing and dispersing-facilitating effect is based in many cases on the use of special binder components (pigment paste resin). Such binders are also valuable components for coating materials because they contribute to faster drying and increasing the hardness of the resulting films.

Important for a universal application of the binder is firstly a universal compatibility with other binders - such. With the major long oil alkyd resins, Vegetable oils, hydrocarbon resins, acrylate resins and polyamides - secondly, and a universal solubility in organic solvents such. B. in the often used for ecological and toxicological reasons pure aliphatics and white spirits. Such binders with universal compatibility and solubility in organic solvents are z. As described in EP 1 486 520 or DE 44 04 809.

In addition, it is necessary for a universal application of the binders that these binders are also miscible with water or soluble in water. The products described in EP 1 486 520 or DE 44 04 809 have no water miscibility or water solubility.

The object of the present invention was to provide universally usable compositions such as pigment pastes, coating materials and printing inks based on compositions of ionic liquids and ketone, ketone / aldehyde and / or urea / aldehyde resins and / or their hydrogenated derivatives as film-forming pigment paste resins develop, which are characterized by a brilliant hue and a high color depth. The compositions should be suitable for both solvent-based and solvent-free applications and should be distinguished by a low viscosity and high pigment content.

The object underlying the invention is surprisingly achieved according to the claims by colorants and / or fillers in the presence of at least one composition of ionic liquids and ketone, ketone / aldehyde and / or urea / aldehyde resins and / or their hydrogenated secondary products, which is described in more detail below, are ground.

In contrast to low molecular weight dispersants and wetting agents, the universally usable compositions according to the invention have very good film-forming properties. The compositions are largely free of formaldehyde.

The compositions according to the invention can be used, in particular for solventborne and aqueous coating materials and for solvent-free coating materials (For example, radiation-curable coating materials and / or powder coatings) such as fillers, fillers, base and / or topcoats and printing inks, ballpoint pen pastes, pigment pastes, inks, polishes, glazes, laminations, cosmetics and / or sealants and insulating materials and adhesives.

The use is not limited to the coating of certain substrates such as e.g. Metals, plastics, paper, cardboard, textiles, leather or wood. The compositions can be used for all conceivable applications both indoors and outdoors.

The present invention generally relates to universally usable compositions

A) 1 to 70 wt .-% of at least one colorant and / or filler and B) 30 to 99 wt .-% of at least one composition of a. 95 to 5 wt .-% of at least one ketone, ketone / aldehyde, urea / aldehyde resin and / or its hydrogenated secondary product and b. 5 to 95 wt .-% of at least one ionic liquid, wherein the sum of the weights of components a) and b) is 100 wt .-%, and

C) 0 to 69 wt .-% of at least one further binder and

D) 0 to 69 wt .-% of at least one excipient, wherein the sum of the weights of components A) to D) is 100 wt .-%.

It has been found that the combination of the compositions described below, such as pigment pastes, coating materials and printing inks from components A) to D), meet all the required criteria. Component A)

The invention essential component A) is used in amounts of 1 to 70 wt .-%, preferably from 10 to 40 wt .-%. In principle, all colorants and / or fillers which are used in the paint, inks and printing inks industry are suitable. They are selected according to coloristic aspects and requirements such as e.g. Hue, brightness, saturation, color strength, compatibility, transparency, hiding power, light fastness, bleed fastness, etc.

Inorganic pigments and fillers such as e.g. Milori blue, titanium dioxide, iron oxides, metal pigments (e.g., spinel, bismuth vanadate, nickel titanium, chromium oxide), carbon blacks, and carbonates such as e.g. Chalk, limestone, calcite, dolomite, barium carbonate, sulphates, e.g. Baryte, blanc fixe, calcium sulfates, silicates, e.g. Talc, pyrophyllite, chlorite, mica, kaolin, slate, field, precipitated Ca, Al, Ca / Al, Na / Al silicates, silicas, e.g. Quartz, fused silica, cristobalite, kieselguhr, precipitated and / or fumed silica, glass flour and oxides, e.g. Magnesium and aluminum oxides and hydroxides as well as organic pigments such as e.g. Isoindoline, azo, quinacridone, perylene, dioxazine, phthalocyanine pigments used. In addition, metallic effect pigments such as e.g. Aluminum, copper, copper / zinc and zinc pigments, fire-colored bronzes, iron oxide-aluminum pigments, interference or pearlescent pigments, e.g. Metal oxide mica pigments, bismuth oxychloride, basic lead carbonate, fish silver or micronized titanium dioxide, flaky graphite, flaky iron oxide, multilayer effect pigments of PVD films or produced by the CVD process (chemical vapor deposition) and liquid crystal (polymer) pigments be used. In addition, dyes are used. A list of pigments, fillers and / or dyes used is described in "Römpp Lexikon, Lacke und Druckfarben, publisher Ulrich Zorll, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1998 "or" Pigment and Füllstofftabellen, published by Olaf Lückert, Vincentz Verlag, Hannover, 2002 ".

Component B)

The component B) essential to the invention is used in amounts of from 30 to 99% by weight, preferably from 30 to 60% by weight. Component B) contains a. 95 to 5 wt .-% of at least one ketone, ketone / aldehyde, urea / aldehyde resin and / or its hydrogenated secondary product and b. 5 to 95 wt .-% of at least one ionic liquid, wherein the sum of the weights of the components a) and b) is 100 wt .-%.

Suitable ketones for the preparation of the ketone and ketone-aldehyde resins (component B) a.) Are all ketones, in particular acetone, acetophenone, methyl ethyl ketone, tert-butyl methyl ketone, heptanone-2, pentanone-3, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclododecanone, mixtures 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethylcyclopentanone, cycloheptanone and cyclooctanone, cyclohexanone and all alkyl-substituted cyclohexanones having one or more alkyl radicals having a total of 1 to 8 hydrocarbon atoms, individually or in admixture. As examples of alkyl-substituted cyclohexanones there may be mentioned 4-tert.-amylcyclohexanone, 2-sec.-butylcyclohexanone, 2-tert.-butylcyclohexanone, 4-tert.-butylcyclohexanone, 2-methylcyclohexanone and 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone.

In general, however, all in the literature for ketone and ketone Aldehydharzsynthese called suitable ketones, usually all C-H-acidic ketones, can be used. Preference is given to ketone-aldehyde resins based on the ketones acetophenone, cyclohexanone, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone and heptanone alone or in a mixture and ketone resins based on cyclohexanone.

As aldehyde component of the ketone-aldehyde resins (component B) a.) Are in principle un branched or branched aldehydes, such as. As formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde and / or iso-butyraldehyde, valeric aldehyde and dodecanal. In general, all the aldehydes mentioned in the literature as suitable for ketone resin syntheses can be used. Preferably, however, formaldehyde is used alone or in mixtures.

The required formaldehyde is usually used as about 20 to 40 wt .-% aqueous or alcoholic (eg, methanol or butanol) solution. Other uses of formaldehyde such. As well as the use of para-formaldehyde or trioxane are also possible. Aromatic aldehydes, such as. B. benzaldehyde may also be included in admixture with formaldehyde. Particular preference is given as starting compounds for component B) a. Acetophenone, cyclohexanone, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone and heptanone used alone or in mixture and formaldehyde.

As component B) a. also used are hydrogenated derivatives of the resins of ketone and aldehyde. The ketone-aldehyde resins described above are hydrogenated in the presence of a catalyst with hydrogen at pressures of up to 300 bar. The carbonyl group of the ketone-aldehyde resin is converted into a secondary hydroxy group. Depending on the reaction conditions, a part of the hydroxy groups can be split off, so that methylene groups result. To illustrate, the following scheme is used:

n = k + m

As component B) a. Furthermore, urea-aldehyde resins are prepared using a urea of the general formula (i)

in which X is oxygen or sulfur, A is an alkylene radical and n is 0 to 3, with 1.9 (n + 1) to 2.2 (n + 1) mol of an aldehyde of the general formula (ii)

CH CT

(G)

R ₂ H

in the Ri and R _{2 are} hydrocarbon radicals (eg., Alkyl, aryl and / or alkylaryl radicals) each having up to 20 carbon atoms and / or formaldehyde used. Suitable ureas of the general formula (i) with n = 0 are z. As urea and thiourea, with n = 1 methylene diurea, ethylene diurea, tetramethylene diurea and / or Hexamethylendiharnstoff and mixtures thereof. Preference is given to urea.

Suitable aldehydes of the general formula (ii) are, for example, isobutyraldehyde, 2-methylpentanal, 2-ethylhexanal and 2-phenylpropanal, and mixtures thereof. Isobutyraldehyde is preferred.

Formaldehyde may be in aqueous form, some or all of alcohols such. As methanol or ethanol may be used as paraformaldehyde and / or trioxane.

In general, all monomers described in the literature for the preparation of aldehyde-urea resins are suitable.

Typical methods of preparation and compositions are e.g. B. in DE 27 57 220, DE-OS 27 57 176 and EP 0 271 776 described.

In the context of the present invention, ionic liquids (component B) b.) Are understood as meaning salts which have a melting point of not more than 100 ^° C. For an overview of ILs, see See Welton (Chem. Rev. 99 (1999), 2071) and Wasserscheid et al. (Angew Chem 112 (2000), 3926). Preferably such salts are used as the IL, which has a melting temperature below 75 ⁰ C, preferably below 5O ⁰ C, more preferably below 2O ⁰ C hold. Preferably, ionic liquids contain organic cations. Preference is given to ionic liquids which have one or more cations according to the following structures,

4

8th

10

11 12

Wherein R 1, R ₂ , R 3, R 4, R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and are hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, sulfanyl (RS), NH ₂ , NHR, NRR ', wherein R and R 'may be the same or different, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or halogen, in particular F, Cl, Br or I, where for cations of structure 10 and 11 one of Rl to R4, preferably all Rl to R4 preferably are not hydrogen; and / or a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 40, preferably 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or may be unsubstituted; and / or a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 5 to 30, preferably 5 to 10, preferably 5 to 8 carbon atoms, which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or can be unsubstituted; and / or an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 30, preferably 6 to 12, preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms, which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or can be unsubstituted; and / or an alkylaryl radical having 7 to 40, preferably 7 to 14, preferably 7 to 12 carbon atoms, which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or can be unsubstituted; and or a linear or branched aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 2 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably from 2 to 80 carbon atoms, particularly preferably from 2 to 40 carbon atoms, interrupted by one or more heteroatoms (oxygen, NH, NCH ₃ ) substituted, for example, with amino, hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen groups, or may be unsubstituted; and / or a one or more functionalities selected from the group -O-C (O) -, - (O) CO-, -NH-C (O) -, - (O) C-NH, - (CH ₃ ) NC (O) -, - (O) CN (CH ₃ ) -, -S (O) ₂ -O-, -O-S (O) ₂ -, -S (O) ₂ -NH-, - NH-S (O) ₂ -, -S (O) ₂ -N (CH ₃ ) -, -N (CH ₃ ) -S (O) ₂ -, interrupted linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, the substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or may be unsubstituted; and / or a terminal -OH, -NH ₂ , -N (H) CH ₃ -functionalized linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl with 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 Carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or may be unsubstituted.

Preferred are ionic liquids which have a cation based on ammonium, pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, pyrrolinium, oxazolium, oxazolinium, imidazolium, thiazolium or phosphonium ions.

The ionic liquids preferably have one or more anions selected from phosphate, halogen phosphates, especially hexafluorophosphate, halides, especially chloride, alkyl phosphates, aryl phosphates, nitrate, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, alkyl sulfates, aryl sulfates, perfluorinated alkyl and aryl sulfates, sulfonate, alkyl sulfonates, aryl sulfonates, perfluorinated alkyl and aryl sulfonates, in particular trifluoromethylsulfonate, tosylate, perchlorate, tetrachloroaluminate, heptachlorodialuminate, tetrafluoroborate, alkylborates, arylborates, amides, in particular perfluorinated amides, dicyanamide, saccharinate, thiocyanate, carboxylates, in particular acetates, preferably acetate and / or trifluoroacetate, and / or Bis (perfluoroalkylsulfonyl) amide anions, on. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the IL, at least one salt is used which contains as cation an imidazolium, a pyridinium, an ammonium or phosphonium ion of the following structures:

ion

wherein R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different and a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 40, preferably 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted, for example, with a hydroxy, alkyl with 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or may be unsubstituted; and / or a linear or branched aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 2 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably from 2 to 80 carbon atoms, particularly preferably from 2 to 40, interrupted by one or more heteroatoms (oxygen, NH, NCH ₃ ) Carbon atoms which may be substituted, for example, with amino, hydroxy, alkyl of 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen groups, or may be unsubstituted; and / or a one or more functionalities selected from the group -O-C (O) -, - (O) CO-, -NH-C (O) -, - (O) C-NH, - (CH ₃ ) NC (O) -, - (O) CN (CH ₃ ) -, -S (O) ₂ -O-, -O-S (O) ₂ -, -S (O) ₂ -NH-, - NH-S (O) ₂ -, -S (O) ₂ -N (CH ₃ ) -, -N (CH ₃ ) -S (O) ₂ -, interrupted linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, the substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or may be unsubstituted; and / or a terminal -OH, -NH ₂ , -N (H) CH ₃ -functionalized linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl with 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 Carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or may be unsubstituted, and an anion selected from tetrafluoroborate, Alkyl borate, in particular triethylhexyl borate, aryl borate, halogen phosphate, in particular hexafluorophosphate, nitrate, sulfonates, in particular perfluorinated alkyl and aryl sulfonates, hydrogen sulfate, alkyl sulfates, halides, in particular chlorides, acetates, thiocyanates, perfluorinated amides, dicyanamide and / or bis (perfluoroalkylsulfonyl) amide, in particular bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) amide ((CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ N).

According to the invention, as component B) b. Also, a mixture of at least two different ionic liquids can be used. In this case, the IL can have at least two different anions and / or two different cations.

Component B) is prepared by mixing or dissolving components a) and b) at temperatures between 20 and 18O ⁰ C, preferably between 40 and 15O ⁰ C, more preferably between 60 and 12O ⁰ C in a stirred tank. Component B) can be prepared in bulk or optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent. Preferred solids contents when using a solvent 40 to 95% by mass, particularly preferably 50 to 80% by mass.

Suitable solvents are those which are used in the adhesive and paint industry. Preference is given, e.g. Alcohols, acetates, ketones, ethers, glycol ethers, aliphatics, aromatics, alone or in mixture. However, it is also possible to use what are known as reactive diluents which are customarily used in radiation-curing coating materials, such as, for example, Acrylate-functionalized mono-, di- or higher alcohols.

Component C) The binders C) may optionally be present and are used in amounts of from 0 to 69% by weight, preferably from 0 to 60% by weight. Preference is given to binders from the group of polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyethers, polyesters, alkyd resins, polyamides, casein, cellulose ethers, derivatives of cellulose, polyvinyl alcohols and derivatives, polyvinyl acetates, polyvinyl chlorides, polyvinylpyrolidones, rubbers, natural resins, hydrocarbon resins such as coumarone, indene , Cyclopentadiene resins, terpene resins, maleate resins, phenolic resins, phenol / urea-aldehyde resins, aminoplasts (eg melamine-, benzoguanamine resins), epoxyacrylates, epoxy resins, silicic acid esters and alkali metal silicates (eg water glass) and / or Silicone resins and / or fluorine-containing polymers used. The binders may be foreign and / or self-crosslinking, air-drying (physically drying) and / or oxidatively curing. The binders may be soluble in organic solvents and / or soluble, water-miscible or dispersible in water. In principle, all binders which are used in the paint, paint and printing ink industry are suitable.

Component D)

Component D) may optionally be present and is used in amounts of from 0 to 69% by weight, preferably from 0 to 60% by weight. Suitable as component D) are auxiliaries and additives such as, for example, inhibitors, organic solvents, water, surface-active substances, oxygen and / or radical scavengers, catalysts, light stabilizers, color brighteners, photosensitizers and initiators, additives for influencing theological properties, such as, for example, Thixotropic and / or thickening agents, leveling agents, skin preventatives, defoamers, antistatic agents, lubricants, wetting and dispersing agents, crosslinking agents, such as e.g. blocked or unblocked (poly) isocyanates, preservatives such as e.g. also fungicides and / or biocides, thermoplastic additives, plasticizers, matting agents, fire retardants, internal release agents and / or blowing agents.

Preparation of the Compositions from Components A) to D):

The preparation of the compositions is carried out by intensive mixing of the components at temperatures of 20 to 80 ⁰ C ( "Textbook of lacquer technology", Th. Brock, M. Grote Klaes, P. Mischke, ed. V. Zorll, Vincentz Verlag, Hannover, 1998, Page 229 et seq.) Non-liquid components may first be dissolved in suitable solvents or water before mixing, then the remaining components are added with stirring, in the case of, for example, pigments and / or fillers, dispersing takes place.

The compositions according to the invention can be used, in particular for solventborne and aqueous coating materials and for solvent-free coating materials

(e.g., radiation-curable coating materials and / or powder coatings) such as putties, fillers,

Base and / or topcoats and printing inks, ballpoint pen pastes, pigment pastes, inks, Polishes, glazes, laminations, cosmetics and / or sealants and insulating materials and adhesives and / or for coloring plastics.

In this case, substrates of e.g. Metals, plastics, paper, cardboard, inorganic materials such as e.g. Ceramics, stone, concrete and / or glass, textiles, fibers, fabric materials, leather and / or synthetic materials, such as, artificial leather, wood, films of plastics and

/ or composites such as e.g. aluminum laminated films are coated. The

Compositions can be used for all conceivable applications in both indoor and outdoor applications

Outdoor areas are used, such as Building protection, automobiles, coil coating, can coating, textile finishing, wood coatings, plastics, decorative applications, etc. Also for use in adhesives, such. As for the bonding of textiles, leather, paper and similar materials, such compositions are suitable.

The compositions of the invention are characterized by a brilliant hue and a high color depth. The compositions have a low viscosity at high pigment content and are storage stable.

The compositions according to the invention are distinguished by a particularly high rate of drying and drying, good blocking resistance, high gloss and good water resistance. The course is perfect and the surfaces are free of disturbances, such as craters and wetting disorders.

The dried, cured or crosslinked films obtained from the compositions have good adhesion properties to underlying coatings; Also, the intercoat adhesion to overlying layers is positively affected. The compositions of the invention have a solids content of 10% to 99%, preferably from 20% to 80%. The content of volatile organic compounds (VOC) is between 0 and 50 wt .-%, preferably between 0 and 40 wt .-%, particularly preferably between 0 and 30 wt .-%. The formaldehyde content of the compositions is below 100 ppm, preferably below 20 ppm and more preferably below 1 ppm.

The following examples are intended to further illustrate the invention but not to limit its scope: 1.) Examples of the preparation of component B)

The listed educts are products of Degussa AG.

The respective ionic liquid was heated in the amount indicated above with stirring to 100 ⁰ C. So then the respective resin in the above-mentioned amount was added slowly with stirring and stirred until complete homogenization.

All products are clearly and clearly soluble in ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methoxypropyl acetate, xylene, white spirit and n-hexane, as well as soluble or dispersible in water.

In contrast, synthetic resin TC is universally soluble in organic solvents, but not in water. Resin SK is insoluble in water, aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatics.

2.1.) Preparation of aqueous compositions

Predispersion: 5 min Pendraulik LM 34-Labordissolver, 4000 rpm (disc-0, 40 mm) Disperse: 60 min Skandex-Dispers BA-S 20, 540 g Chromanit steel beads (0 3 mm), cooling stage 2,

Application: The application was carried out by means of a paint dumbbell (gap height 200 μm) on glass plates. Drying conditions: 30 min flashing off at room temperature and 30 min at 8O ⁰ C in a circulating air drying cabinet.

The resulting coatings Ia to Va differed visually significantly from the comparison by a high brilliance.

2.2.) Preparation of Solventborne and Aqueous Compositions a) Compositions of Rubbers

These black pigment preparations were low viscosity. b) Preparation of solvent-based and low-solvent, black coating materials

The under example 2.2. ) a) produced black pigment preparation were both solvent-containing and aqueous dissolved.

Both solvent-based, low-solvent and solvent-free pigment preparations and coating materials can be produced.

Claims

claims:

1. Universally usable compositions essentially comprising A) 1 to 70 wt .-% of at least one colorant and / or filler and

B) 30 to 99 wt .-% of at least one composition of a. 95 to 5 wt .-% of at least one ketone, ketone / aldehyde, urea / aldehyde resin and / or its hydrogenated secondary product and b. 5 to 95 wt .-% of at least one ionic liquid, wherein the sum of the weights of the components a) and b) is 100 wt .-% and optionally

C) 0 to 69 wt .-% of at least one further binder and

2. Universally usable compositions according to claim 1, characterized in that the inventive compositions have a solids content of 10% to 99%, preferably from 20% to 80%, a formaldehyde content below 100 ppm, preferably below 20 ppm and more preferably below Have 1 ppm.

3. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that as component A) colorants and / or fillers are used.

4. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component A) pigments, dyes and / or fillers are used.

5. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component A) Miloriblau, titanium dioxide, iron oxides, metal pigments such as spinel, bismuth vanadate, nickel titanium, chromium oxide, carbon blacks and carbonates such as chalk, limestone, calcite, dolomite, Barium carbonate, sulfates, such as barite, Blanc fixe, calcium sulfates, silicates, such as talc, pyrophyllite, chlorite, mica, kaolin, slate, field fission, precipitated Ca, Al, Ca / Al, Na / Al silicates, silicic acids, such as Quartz, fused silica,

Cristobalite, kieselguhr, precipitated and / or fumed silica, glass flour and oxides, e.g. Magnesium and aluminum oxides and hydroxides as well as organic pigments such as e.g. Isoindoline, azo, quinacridone, perylene, dioxazine, phthalocyanine pigments, metallic effect pigments such as aluminum, copper, copper / zinc and zinc pigments, fire-colored bronzes, iron oxide-aluminum pigments, interference or

Pearlescent effect pigments such as metal oxide mica pigments, bismuth oxychloride, basic lead carbonate, fish silver or micronized titanium dioxide, platelet-shaped graphite, platelet-shaped iron oxide, multilayer effect pigments of PVD films or produced by the CVD process (chemical vapor deposition) and liquid crystal (polymer) Pigments are used alone or in mixture.

6. Universally usable compositions according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component B) is a composition of a. 95 to 5 wt .-% of at least one ketone, ketone / aldehyde, urea / aldehyde resin and / or its hydrogenated secondary product and b. 5 to 95 wt .-% of at least one ionic liquid, wherein the sum of the weights of the components a) and b) is 100 wt .-%, is used.

7. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in the ketone-aldehyde resins of component B) a. CH-acidic ketones are used.

8. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the ketone-aldehyde of component B) a. Ketones selected from acetone, acetophenone, methyl ethyl ketone, heptanone-2, pentanone-3, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclododecanone, mixtures of 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethylcyclopentanone, cycloheptanone, cyclooctanone, cyclohexanone

Starting bonds are used alone or in mixtures.

9. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the ketone-aldehyde resins of component B) a. Alkylsubstituierte cyclohexanones having one or more alkyl radicals having a total of 1 to 8 hydrocarbon atoms, used individually or in mixture.

10. Universal compositions according to at least one of the previous

Claims, characterized in that in the ketone-aldehyde resins of component B) a. 4-tert-amylcyclohexanone, 2-sec.

Butylcyclohexanone, 2-tert-butylcyclohexanone, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone, 2-methylcyclohexanone and 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone be used.

11. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that acetophenone, cyclohexanone, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone, 3,3,5-

Trimethylcyclohexanone and heptanone alone or mixed in component B) a. be used.

12. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as aldehyde component of the ketone-aldehyde resins in component B) a. Formaldehyde,

Acetaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde and / or iso-butyraldehyde, valeric aldehyde, dodecanal are used alone or in mixtures.

13. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as aldehyde component of the ketone-aldehyde resins in component B) a. Formaldehyde and / or para-formaldehyde and / or trioxane are used.

14. Universally applicable compositions according to at least one of the previous

Claims, characterized in that resins of acetophenone, cyclohexanone, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone, 3,3,5-

Trimethylcyclohexanone, heptanone alone or in mixture and formaldehyde (component B) a.) Are used.

15. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component B) a. Resins according to claims 7 to 14, which were hydrogenated after preparation, can be used.

16. Universally usable compositions according to the preceding claim, characterized in that as component B) a. hydrogenated derivatives of resins consisting of acetophenone,

Cyclohexanone, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone, heptanone alone or in mixture and formaldehyde are used.

17. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component B) a. Urea-aldehyde resins prepared using a urea of the general formula (i)

^R 1 O

(G)

R ₂ H

in which Ri and R _{2 are} hydrocarbon radicals each having up to 20 carbon atoms and / or formaldehyde used.

18. Universal compositions according to at least one of the previous

Claims, characterized in that as component B) a. Urea aldehyde resins prepared using

Urea and thiourea, methylene diurea, ethylene diurea, tetramethylene diurea and / or hexamethylene diurea or mixtures thereof may be used.

19. Universal compositions according to at least one of the preceding

Claims, characterized that as component B) a. Urea aldehyde resins are prepared using isobutyraldehyde, formaldehyde, 2-methylpentanal, 2-ethylhexanal and 2-phenylpropanal or mixtures thereof.

20. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component B) a. Urea aldehyde resins can be prepared using urea, isobutyraldehyde and formaldehyde.

21. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component B) b. Ionic liquids of organic cations are used.

22. Universally usable compositions according to the preceding claim, characterized in that as component B) b. Ionic liquids containing one or more cations according to the structures below are used

)

7

10

11 12

13 14

Wherein R 1, R ₂ , R 3, R 4, R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and are hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, sulfanyl (RS), NH ₂ , NHR, NRR ', wherein R and R 'may be identical or different, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or halogen, in particular F, Cl, Br or I, wherein for cations of the structure 10 and 11 one of the radicals Rl to R4, preferably all radicals Rl to R4 are preferably not hydrogen; and / or a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 40, preferably 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or may be unsubstituted; and / or a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 5 to 30, preferably 5 to 10, preferably 5 to 8 carbon atoms, which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or can be unsubstituted; and / or an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 30, preferably 6 to 12, preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms, which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or may be unsubstituted; and / or an alkylaryl radical having 7 to 40, preferably 7 to 14, preferably 7 to 12 carbon atoms, which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or can be unsubstituted; and / or a linear or branched aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 2 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably from 2 to 80 carbon atoms, particularly preferably from 2 to 40, interrupted by one or more heteroatoms (oxygen, NH, NCH ₃ ) Carbon atoms which may be substituted, for example with amino, hydroxy, alkyl of 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen groups, or may be unsubstituted and / or one or more functionalities selected from the group consisting of 0-C (O) -, - (O) CO-, -NH-C (O) -, - (O) C-NH, - (CH ₃ ) NC (O) -, - (O) CN (CH ₃ ) -, -S (O) ₂ -O-, -O-S (O) ₂ -, -S (O) ₂ -NH-, -NH-S (O) ₂ -, -S (O) ₂ -N (CH ₃ ) -, -N (CH ₃ ) -S (O) ₂ -, interrupted linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl with 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, od he can be unsubstituted; and or a terminal -OH, -NH ₂ , -N (H) CH ₃ functionalized linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or may be unsubstituted.

23. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component B) b. Ionic liquids containing a cation based on ammonium, pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, pyrrolinium, oxazolium,

Oxazolinium, imidazolium, thiazolium or phosphonium ions have.

24. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component B) b. Ionic liquids which preferably contain one or more anions selected from phosphate, halogen phosphates, in particular hexafluorophosphate, halides, especially chloride, alkyl phosphates, aryl phosphates, nitrate, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, alkyl sulfates, aryl sulfates, perfluorinated alkyl and aryl sulfates, sulfonate, alkyl sulfonates, Aryl sulfonates, perfluorinated alkyl and

Arylsulfonates, in particular trifluoromethylsulfonate, tosylate, perchlorate, tetrachloroaluminate, heptachlorodialuminate, tetrafluoroborate, alkylborates, arylborates, amides, in particular perfluorinated amides, dicyanamide, saccharinate, thiocyanate, carboxylates, in particular acetates, preferably acetate and / or trifluoroacetate, and / or bis (perfluoroalkylsulfonyl) amide anions.

25. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component B) b. Particular preference is given to using ionic liquids which contain at least one salt which contains as imidazolium cation, pyridinium cation

Ammonium or phosphonium ion of the following structures contains:

Imidazolium Ion Pyridinium Ion Ammonium Ion Phosphonium Ion

wherein R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different and a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched aliphatic

Hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 40, preferably 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or unsubstituted; and / or a linear or branched aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 80, interrupted by one or more heteroatoms (oxygen, NH, NCH ₃ )

Carbon atoms, more preferably of 2 to 40 carbon atoms, which may be substituted, for example, with amino, hydroxy, alkyl of 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen groups, or unsubstituted; and / or a one or more functionalities selected from the group -O-C (O) -, - (O) CO-, -NH-C (O) -, - (O) C-NH, - (CH ₃ ) NC (O) -, - (O) CN (CH ₃ ) -, -S (O) ₂ -O-,

-0-S (O) ₂ -, -S (O) ₂ -NH-, -NH-S (O) ₂ -, -S (O) ₂ -N (CH ₃₎ -, -N (CH ₃₎ -S (O) ₂ -, interrupted linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or unsubstituted can be; and / or a terminal -OH, -NH ₂ , -N (H) CH ₃ -functionalized linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which is substituted, for example with a hydroxy, alkyl with 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 Carbon atoms and / or halogen group, or unsubstituted; and an anion selected from tetrafluoroborate, alkyl borate, in particular

Triethylhexyl borate, aryl borate, halogen phosphate, in particular hexafluorophosphate, nitrate, sulfonates, in particular perfluorinated alkyl and aryl sulfonates, hydrogen sulfate, Alkyl sulfates, halides, especially chlorides, acetates, thiocyanates, perfluorinated amides, dicyanamide and / or bis (perfluoroalkylsulfonyl) amide, especially bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) amide ((CF3SO2) 2N).

26. Universally usable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component B) b. Also, a mixture of at least two different ionic liquids is used and in this case the IL can have at least two different anions and / or two different cations.

27. Universally usable compositions according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

Binders are used as component C).

28. Universally usable compositions according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component C) aqueous and / or solvent-containing and / or solvent-free, foreign and / or self-crosslinking and / or air-drying (physically drying) and / or oxidatively curing binder used become

29. Universally usable compositions according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component C) binders selected from the group of polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyethers, polyesters, alkyd resins, polyamides, casein, cellulose ethers,

Derivatives of cellulose, polyvinyl alcohols and derivatives, polyvinyl acetates,

Polyvinyl chlorides, polyvinylpyrolidones, rubbers, natural resins, hydrocarbon resins, e.g. Coumarone, indene, cyclopentadiene resins, terpene resins, maleate resins,

Phenolic resins, phenol / urea-aldehyde resins, aminoplasts (e.g., melamine, benzoguanamine resins), epoxy acrylates, epoxy resins, silicic acid esters and / or

Alkali silicates (eg waterglass) and / or silicone resins and / or fluorine-containing polymers can be used alone or in a mixture.

30. Universally usable compositions according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component D) auxiliaries and additives are used.

31. Universally usable compositions according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as component D) auxiliaries and additives selected from inhibitors, organic solvents, water, surface-active substances, oxygen and / or radical scavengers, catalysts, light stabilizers, color brighteners, photosensitizers and initiators, additives for influencing theological properties such as Thixotropic and / or thickening agents, leveling agents, skin preventatives, defoamers, antistatic agents, lubricants, wetting and dispersing agents, crosslinking agents such as blocked and / or unblocked (poly) isocyanates, preservatives such as e.g. also fungicides and / or biocides, thermoplastic

Additives, plasticizers, matting agents, fire retardants, release agents and / or blowing agents are used alone or in mixture.

32. A process for the preparation of universally usable compositions, essentially containing

A) 1 to 70 wt .-% of at least one colorant and / or filler and

B) 30 to 99 wt .-% of at least one composition of a. 95 to 5 wt .-% of at least one ketone, ketone / aldehyde, urea / aldehyde resin and / or its hydrogenated secondary product and b. 5 to 95 wt .-% of at least one ionic liquid, wherein the sum of the weights of components a) and b) is 100 wt .-% and optionally C) 0 to 69 wt .-% of at least one further binder and D) O up to 69% by weight of at least one excipient, wherein the sum of the weights of the components A) to D) is 100 wt .-%, by intensive mixing by stirring and / or dispersing the components at temperatures of +20 to +80 ⁰ C.

33. Use of the universally applicable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims for solvent-borne and / or aqueous and / or solvent-free coating materials.

34. Use of the universally applicable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims for

Fillers, fillers, base and / or topcoats and printing inks, ballpoint pen pastes, pigment pastes, inks, polishes, glazes, laminations, cosmetics and / or sealants and insulating materials, as well as adhesives and for coloring plastics.

35. Use of the universally applicable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims for the coating and / or printing and / or lamination and / or bonding and / or coloring of objects.

36. Use of the universally applicable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims for the coating and / or printing and / or lamination and / or bonding of objects made of metals, plastics, paper, cardboard, inorganic materials such as ceramic, stone, concrete and / or Glass, textiles, fibers, fabric materials, leather and / or synthetic materials, such as artificial leathers,

Wood, films of plastics and / or composites, e.g. aluminum laminated foils.

37. Articles made using universally applicable compositions according to at least one of the preceding claims.