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WO2006131631A1 - Soil-working machine having a raisable towed chassis comprising two wheels forming gauge wheels and transport wheels - Google Patents

Soil-working machine having a raisable towed chassis comprising two wheels forming gauge wheels and transport wheels Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006131631A1
WO2006131631A1 PCT/FR2006/001266 FR2006001266W WO2006131631A1 WO 2006131631 A1 WO2006131631 A1 WO 2006131631A1 FR 2006001266 W FR2006001266 W FR 2006001266W WO 2006131631 A1 WO2006131631 A1 WO 2006131631A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheels
frame
working
wheel
machine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2006/001266
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Michel Evin
Original Assignee
Michel Evin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michel Evin filed Critical Michel Evin
Publication of WO2006131631A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006131631A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B63/00—Lifting or adjusting devices or arrangements for agricultural machines or implements
    • A01B63/14—Lifting or adjusting devices or arrangements for agricultural machines or implements for implements drawn by animals or tractors
    • A01B63/16—Lifting or adjusting devices or arrangements for agricultural machines or implements for implements drawn by animals or tractors with wheels adjustable relatively to the frame
    • A01B63/22—Lifting or adjusting devices or arrangements for agricultural machines or implements for implements drawn by animals or tractors with wheels adjustable relatively to the frame operated by hydraulic or pneumatic means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B29/00—Rollers
    • A01B29/06—Rollers with special additional arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00—Combined machines
    • A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
    • A01B49/027—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind with a rotating, soil working support element, e.g. a roller

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a working or soil treatment machine, in particular a precision dethatcher or a loosener, of the type comprising at least one liftable trailed towed chassis, in particular to move from a working position to a transport position, this frame being equipped with tillage implements formed of at least one non-motor rotating disc harrow train or a blade train, these discs or blades working in the ground following an adjustable depth through at least one reference member coupled to said frame and positioned generally at the rear of the row or rows of agricultural tools.
  • It also relates to a subassembly of a roll-type reference member for a working or soil treatment machine of the aforementioned type.
  • the tillage machines equipped with several rows of tools, in particular several rows of disks, and a roller positioned at the rear of said frame to allow adjustment of the working depth of the disks have largely developed these last years. These machines have the advantage of being able to work at high speed. It can be provided, between the two rows of disks, sowing elements.
  • the tool carrier frame of such a machine is a semi-mounted lift frame allowing, at the end of the line and on the road, the lifting of the tools thus preventing any damage to the tools. This lifting of the frame is obtained generally using the hitch. It also involves a raising of the roller which, in the upper position, is no longer supported on the ground.
  • a support roller formed by a juxtaposition of pneumatic wheels connected to the frame by a damping device.
  • These wheels are used exclusively for depth adjustment and are not used for transport. Indeed, transport, the frame is raised and the roller is no longer supported with the ground.
  • the wheels of the end portions can act as transport wheels while the wheels of the middle part are used to control the working depth.
  • the end wheels are coupled to the frame by a pivoting arm for lifting the frame and its passage from the working position to the transport position. In the high position or transport, the arms carrying the transport wheels are, because of this design, necessarily devoid of damping devices that can then lead to instability of said frame.
  • Such tillage machines should not be confused with machines equipped on the back of wheels with gauge wheel or transport function, these wheels, generally at most equal to four per frame, having in no case the roll function. Indeed, it should be remembered that by roll means an agricultural instrument that is passed on the ground to break the clods or tamp the soil. The roll function is obtained when, over a working width, the packed surface is greater than the unpacked surface. Such a roller function is therefore not fulfilled in the case of the wheels described in US-6,382,326, US-4,002,334, DE-3,139,936 and US-5,366,336. Furthermore, in these documents, a link arm articulated and a damping device between wheel and frame. This results in a complexity of the connection and the possibility of a vertical erase only by raising the wheel when the latter meets an obstacle.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a machine of the aforementioned type whose reference member for ensuring the ground support and adjustment of the working depth of the machine is in the form of a multipurpose roller to Gauge and transport function to ensure a consistent depth of work and a safe ground-leveling, on the other hand a damping of shocks and vibrations in high position to increase the stability of the chassis.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a machine, the design of the support roller on the ground, eliminates the wheel axle of the machine for transporting and driving on the road of said machine.
  • the subject of the invention is a working or soil treatment machine, in particular a precision dethatcher or loosener, of the type comprising at least one towed, liftable chassis, in particular to move from a working position to a transport position, this frame being equipped with tillage tools formed of at least one non-motor rotating disc harrow train or a blade train, these discs or blades working in the ground following an adjustable depth control via at least one reference member coupled to said frame and positioned generally at the rear of the row or rows of agricultural tools, said roll-type reference member being formed by a juxtaposition of at least four bandage wheels in one flexible material disposed along a transverse to the longitudinal axis of the frame to cover a working width of the ground, the interval between two adjacent wheels being less than or equal to the width of a wheel to obtain an effect of tamping the ground, at least some of the wheels bearing on the ground both in the transport position and work of said frame to form indifferently gauge wheels or transport depending on the position of said chassis, characterized in that the gauge or
  • the wheels of the reference unit both as a packing wheel, a transport wheel and as a gauge wheel, it is no longer necessary to have a set of additional wheels for transporting the machine. on the road. This results in a simplification of the machine.
  • the constitution of the machine makes it possible to make the connecting member of the wheel to the chassis versatile. Indeed, this body performs the traditional safety function in working position of the frame allowing the wheel to escape the obstacles encountered and not to be damaged during high speed work of the machine.
  • This member also acts as a buffer during a road transport of the tillage machine so that the stability of the entire machine is increased on the road and allows road transport at speeds that can to reach several tens of kilometers per hour.
  • the safety device between a wheel or a group of wheels and the chassis is in the form of at least one resiliently deformable member of the spring type further constituting the connecting member between chassis and wheel or group of wheels.
  • the or each spring constituting the safety device is, for example, a helical spring with at least one and a half turn, the turns being arranged side by side so as to form an alignment of turns along a line transverse to the frame, an end of said spring being couplable directly or by via a connecting piece to the tool carrier frame while the other end of the spring is directly or indirectly couplable to the wheel, in particular to the wheel hub or to the group of wheels, this spring being oriented in such a way the winding or turns of said spring deforms, in particular narrows by winding and / or deviates from each other when the pressure exerted on the wheel or the group of wheels is greater than the predetermined pressure allowing in particular a vertical and / or lateral erasure of the wheel or the group of wheels.
  • the design of the connecting member allows, in addition to its simplicity, to provide clearance in three dimensions of the wheel and not a simple vertical release by lifting in the state of the art.
  • the subject of the invention is also a subset of a roll-type reference member for a working or disk or blade-type soil treatment machine of the aforementioned type, said reference member being formed of a juxtaposition of at least four subassemblies, each subassembly comprising at least one flexible wheel and at least one wheel connecting member to a beam common to said subassemblies, said beam being intended to be carried by the chassis of the machine, said connecting member constituting a device with safety function and damper, characterized in that the connecting member is an elastically deformable member of spring type, preferably helical, able to allow a vertical and / or lateral erasure of the wheel when meeting with an obstacle.
  • Figure 1 shows a side view of a working machine or soil treatment in working position of said frame
  • Figure 2 shows the working machine of Figure 1 in the transport position of said frame
  • Figure 3 shows a top view of a pair of wheels couplable to said frame by a safety device
  • Fig. 4A shows an elevation view of the pair of wheels of Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 4B represents an elevation view of a pair of wheels equipped with two springs
  • FIG. 4C shows a rear perspective view of a pair of wheels equipped with a damped arm
  • Figures 5 and 6 show top views of a chassis train in the transport position ( Figure 5) and the working position ( Figure 6) including to allow work over large widths.
  • the machine 1 for working or soil treatment object of the invention comprises at least one trailing frame 2 trailed.
  • Trailed frame means a chassis in support rolling on the ground in working position and transport.
  • This towed frame 2 can be raised to pass in particular from a working position, of the type of that shown in FIG. 1, in which the agricultural tools equipping the chassis penetrate into the ground to a predetermined depth, to a transport position, in a which the tools of the chassis are positioned above the ground so as not to affect the progress of the chassis and prevent damage to said tools.
  • the agricultural tools equipping the frame 2 are generally formed of at least one set of discs 3 non-rotating rotary stubble or a blade train.
  • the machine is a precision dethatcher which comprises, taken in the direction of advance of the chassis, at least two successive trains substantially parallel stubble disks, sowing elements can be arranged between the disk trains.
  • the disks Stubble machines consist of concave disks generally having an inverted concavity from one disk train to another disk train. Each stubble disk or stubble disk group is independently mounted and oscillating relative to the dethatcher carrying frame to yield at a predetermined settable pressure. Such machines will not be described in more detail because they are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the disks 3 or blades of such a machine work in the soil following an adjustable land by means of at least one reference member 4 coupled to said frame 2 and positioned generally at the rear of the row or rows of tools plowing.
  • This reference member 4 is in the general form of a roll formed of a juxtaposition of wheels 5, 5 'with a bandage of a flexible material, which can be called pneumatic wheels.
  • the reference member 4 comprises at least four juxtaposed wheels.
  • the gap I between two adjacent wheels is less than or equal to the width of a wheel.
  • each wheel has a width of between 60 and 400 mm and the spacing between two wheels, less than the width of a wheel, is at most equal to 80 mm.
  • the width of a wheel is at least twice the value of the gap between two adjacent wheels. This interval may be of identical value or not from one interval to another over the entire length of the roll.
  • This reference member also constitutes a transport device.
  • the wheels shown at 5 'to the figures, bear against the ground both in the transport and working position of the chassis 2 to form indifferently gauge or transport wheel packing according to the position of said frame 2 as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the wheels, shown at 5, are generally only compacting wheels and gauge.
  • the wheels 5, 5 ' are equipped with a brake member operable generally from the cab of the tractor.
  • This brake is a safety brake also called parking brake or emergency brake.
  • the wheels 5, 5 ' are offset axially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the chassis 2, at least the wheels 5' most offset towards the rear of the chassis 2 coming from in support of the ground in the transport position of the frame 2 to form the wheels for rolling and transporting said frame.
  • the wheels are shifted alternately towards the front or rear of the frame from one end to the other end of the roller constituted by the juxtaposition of the wheels.
  • the wheels 5 'most offset towards the rear of the frame are formed at least by the end wheels of the reference member 4. These wheels 5 'most offset to the rear of the chassis are equipped with brake members.
  • At least the wheels transport function and gauge of the reference member are individually or in groups, mounted independently and oscillating relative to the undercarriage.
  • all the wheels of the reference member are individually or in groups mounted independent and oscillating relative to the chassis.
  • These wheels 5, 5 'of the reference member 4 are coupled in pairs to the frame 2 tool holders. Each pair of wheels is thus connected independently of another pair of wheels to the carrier chassis via a safety device.
  • this security device can affect a large number of forms.
  • this device 6 consists of an articulated arm equipped with an elastic member 6 ', this arm providing the connection between wheel and frame.
  • the safety device 6 between at least one wheel 5 or a group of wheels 5, 5 'and the chassis 2 is in the form of at least one spring constituting furthermore the connection between frame and wheel 5, 5 'or group of wheels.
  • This spring is usually a helical spring at least one turn and a half.
  • One end 6A of said spring is connectable directly or via a connecting piece to the frame 2 tool holder while the other end of the spring is directly or indirectly connectable generally to the wheel hub 5.
  • this other end of the spring is coupled to a connecting piece connecting the wheel hubs therebetween.
  • This spring is oriented such that the winding or turns of said spring deforms, in particular narrows by winding and / or deviates when the pressure exerted on the wheel is greater than the predetermined pressure by allowing in particular a vertical and / or lateral erasure of the wheel.
  • the use of a single spring as a connecting member and damper allows a three-dimensional erasure of the wheel or group of wheels when encountering an obstacle. This results in a simplicity of the set associated with increased efficiency.
  • the safety device comprises two springs connecting a group of wheels to the frame.
  • These two springs make it possible to increase the rigidity of the link.
  • These two springs are of helical type. They are arranged in opposition so as to have a direction of winding opposite turns of a spring to another, each spring having turns winding from the end connected to the frame towards the other end while developing in the direction in the other direction.
  • each spring comprises one-and-a-half turns to five turns, said turns being arranged side by side so as to form a spiral alignment along a line transverse to the frame.
  • the end turns of each spring extend to form a tangential branch departure, this branch extending to the vicinity of the wheel hubs forming a concavity-turned arc towards the ground.
  • Each spring turn is preferably formed by winding a wire of square or round section.
  • the end of the spring, solidarisable to the frame, is generally coupled to a plate fixed by clamping to a transverse beam of the frame.
  • the wheel or wheels 5 and the associated safety device 6 are in each case coupled to the frame 2 tool holder by means of a beam 7 pivotally mounted about a substantially horizontal axis perpendicular to the axis 2.
  • the pivotal displacement of the beam 7 ensures the passage of the frame 2 from the transport position to the working position and vice versa as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
  • This pivotal displacement of the beam 7 can be associated to an actuation of the three-point hitch of the towing vehicle to which the chassis is coupled. It is understandable, because of this mode of connection of the wheels and the safety device to the chassis, that the axially offset wheels rearward at the reference member will be the most stressed wheels in the transport position.
  • the wheels of the reference member tend, when moving from the working position to the transport position of the frame, to move closer to the last row of tools to reduce the overall length of said chassis.
  • the beam and the associated wheels therefore tend to be pivoted to move the wheels towards the ground and to bring them closer to the last one. row of agricultural tools.
  • the transition from the transport position to the working position of the frame is effected by pivoting drive of the beam in a reverse direction. It could also, similarly, be provided to drive in displacement only certain sections of the beam, only some wheels then acting as gauge wheels and transport wheels. Thanks to this plurality of wheel functions and the design of the safety device, perfect chassis stability is obtained both on the road and in the working position.
  • the safety device perfectly fulfills its office and allows each wheel or group of wheels to escape when encountering an obstacle without generating an uprising of the entire chassis as it could be the case in the state of the art.
  • the safety device acts as a shock absorber and helps dampen vibrations and shocks of all kinds. This design eliminates the additional wheel axle that generally equips this type of machine and is used for the transport of such a chassis on the road.
  • the working machine may comprise at least two similar tool-carrying frames which, in the transport position, are arranged in single file and connected to one another. one to the other by a coupling bar 9 to form a chassis train 2 as illustrated for example in Figure 5.
  • the chassis will be equipped with front wheels additional.
  • This coupling bar 9 is connected by an articulated connection, such as a pivot connection 10 to the driving chassis, to allow, during a driving movement of said bar 9, a lateral shift of the driven chassis and its positioning on a line parallel to the forward line of the chassis leading to form a chassis front 2.
  • the third chassis must be uncoupled from the led chassis which precedes it to allow the passage of the transport position to the working position and then be coupled to the driving chassis.
  • each wheel or pair of wheels is associated with a line of disks and can also constitute a seeding band in the presence of sowing elements. The tillage obtained is therefore perfectly realized.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Agricultural Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a soil-working machine (1) comprising at least one raisable towed chassis (2), which works in the soil at the topsoil level and is adjustable by means of at least one reference element (4) coupled to said chassis (2), this reference element (4) being provided in the form of a roller formed of a juxtaposition of at least four wheels (5, 5') provide with a tire made of a flexible material, at least some (5') of the wheels (5, 5') coming to rest on the soil both in a transporting and working position of the chassis (2). This machine is characterized in that the wheels (5, 5') of the multi-purpose reference element are, individually or by group, each mounted independently, and oscillate relative to the chassis (2) via a device (6) having a safety and shock-absorbing function, this device (6) allowing, when the pressure exerted upon the wheel (5, 5') or group of wheels is greater than a predetermined pressure, a vertical and/or lateral disengagement of the wheel (5, 5') or group of wheels and, when below this pressure, a return of the wheel (5, 5') or group of wheels into a working or transporting position.

Description

Machine de travail du sol à châssis tracté relevable comportant des roues formant indifféremment roues de jauge et de transportLift-off tillage machine with wheels forming indifferently gauge and transport wheels
La présente invention concerne une machine de travail ou de traitement du sol, en particulier une déchaumeuse de précision ou un ameublisseur, du type comprenant au moins un châssis tracté traîné relevable, pour passer notamment d'une position de travail à une position de transport, ce châssis étant équipé d'outils aratoires formés d'au moins un train de disques déchaumeurs rotatifs non moteurs ou d'un train de lames, ces disques ou lames travaillant dans le sol suivant un terrage réglable par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un organe de référence couplé audit châssis et positionné généralement à l'arrière de la ou des rangées d'outils aratoires.The present invention relates to a working or soil treatment machine, in particular a precision dethatcher or a loosener, of the type comprising at least one liftable trailed towed chassis, in particular to move from a working position to a transport position, this frame being equipped with tillage implements formed of at least one non-motor rotating disc harrow train or a blade train, these discs or blades working in the ground following an adjustable depth through at least one reference member coupled to said frame and positioned generally at the rear of the row or rows of agricultural tools.
Elle concerne également un sous ensemble d'un organe de référence de type rouleau pour une machine de travail ou de traitement du sol du type précité.It also relates to a subassembly of a roll-type reference member for a working or soil treatment machine of the aforementioned type.
Les machines de travail du sol équipées de plusieurs rangées d'outils, en particulier de plusieurs rangées de disques, et d'un rouleau positionné à l'arrière dudit châssis pour permettre le réglage de la profondeur de travail des disques se sont largement développées ces dernières années. Ces machines présentent l'avantage de pouvoir travailler à grande vitesse. Il peut être prévu, entre les deux rangées de disques, des éléments semeurs. En général, le châssis porte-outils de telle machine est un châssis semi-porté relevable permettant, en fin de raie et sur route, le relevage des outils empêchant ainsi toute détérioration des outils. Ce relevage du châssis est obtenu généralement à l'aide de l'attelage. Il implique également un relevage du rouleau qui, en position haute, n'est plus en appui au sol. Dans sa position relevée, le châssis est en appui au sol par l'intermédiaire de deux roues positionnées de part et d'autre des rangées d'outils. Il en résulte un encombrement en largeur de la machine important. On est donc à la recherche de solutions facilitant le transport sur route des châssis porte-outils. Parallèlement, les rouleaux de réglage de la profondeur de travail du sol utilisés aujourd'hui sont de plusieurs types. Généralement, ces rouleaux, qui servent également à aplanir le sol travaillé, se présentent sous forme d'un rouleau mécanique, tel q'un rouleau cage. Le problème de ces rouleaux, qui servent à la fois au réglage de la profondeur de travail des outils aratoires et à l'aplanissement de la surface travaillée, est que, lorsque ces derniers rencontrent un obstacle, ils génèrent un soulèvement de la totalité du châssis. De ce fait, il est impossible d'assurer une profondeur constante de travail des outils aratoires. Il est également connu un rouleau d'appui formé d'une juxtaposition de roues pneumatiques reliées au châssis par un dispositif amortisseur. Ces roues servent toutefois exclusivement pour le réglage de profondeur et ne sont pas utilisées au transport. En effet, au transport, le châssis est relevé et le rouleau n'est plus en appui avec le sol. Il existe également un rouleau en trois parties, à savoir une partie médiane et des parties d'extrémité. Les roues des parties d'extrémité peuvent faire office de roues de transport tandis que les roues de la partie médiane servent au contrôle de la profondeur de travail. Les roues d'extrémité sont couplées au châssis par un bras pivotant assurant le relevage du châssis et son passage de la position de travail à la position de transport. En position haute ou de transport, les bras portant les roues de transport sont, du fait de cette conception, nécessairement dépourvues des dispositifs d'amortissement pouvant amener alors à une instabilité dudit châssis.The tillage machines equipped with several rows of tools, in particular several rows of disks, and a roller positioned at the rear of said frame to allow adjustment of the working depth of the disks have largely developed these last years. These machines have the advantage of being able to work at high speed. It can be provided, between the two rows of disks, sowing elements. In general, the tool carrier frame of such a machine is a semi-mounted lift frame allowing, at the end of the line and on the road, the lifting of the tools thus preventing any damage to the tools. This lifting of the frame is obtained generally using the hitch. It also involves a raising of the roller which, in the upper position, is no longer supported on the ground. In its raised position, the frame is supported on the ground by means of two wheels positioned on either side of the rows of tools. This results in a large width of the machine. We are therefore looking for solutions that facilitate the transport of tool carriers on the road. At the same time, there are several types of soil depth adjustment rollers used today. Generally, these rollers, which also serve to smooth the ground worked, are in the form of a mechanical roller, such as a roll cage. The problem of these rollers, which serve both to adjust the working depth of the tools and the flattening of the worked surface, is that when they encounter an obstacle, they generate an uprising of the entire frame . As a result, it is impossible to ensure a constant depth of work of agricultural implements. It is also known a support roller formed by a juxtaposition of pneumatic wheels connected to the frame by a damping device. These wheels, however, are used exclusively for depth adjustment and are not used for transport. Indeed, transport, the frame is raised and the roller is no longer supported with the ground. There is also a three-part roll, namely a middle portion and end portions. The wheels of the end portions can act as transport wheels while the wheels of the middle part are used to control the working depth. The end wheels are coupled to the frame by a pivoting arm for lifting the frame and its passage from the working position to the transport position. In the high position or transport, the arms carrying the transport wheels are, because of this design, necessarily devoid of damping devices that can then lead to instability of said frame.
De telles machines de travail du sol ne doivent pas être confondues avec des machines équipées à l'arrière de roues à fonction de roue de jauge ou de transport, ces roues, généralement au plus égales à quatre par châssis, n'ayant en aucun cas la fonction de rouleau. En effet, il convient de rappeler qu'on entend par rouleau un instrument agricole que l'on passe sur le sol pour briser les mottes ou tasser le sol. La fonction de rouleau est obtenue lorsque, sur une largeur de travail, la surface tassée est supérieure à la surface non tassée. Une telle fonction de rouleau n'est donc pas remplie dans le cas des roues décrites dans les documents US-6.382.326, US-4.002.334, DE-3.139.936 et US- 5.366.336. On constate en outre, dans ces documents, un bras de liaison articulé et un dispositif amortisseur entre roue et châssis. Il en résulte une complexité de la liaison et la possibilité d'un effacement uniquement vertical par soulèvement de la roue lors de la rencontre de cette dernière avec un obstacle.Such tillage machines should not be confused with machines equipped on the back of wheels with gauge wheel or transport function, these wheels, generally at most equal to four per frame, having in no case the roll function. Indeed, it should be remembered that by roll means an agricultural instrument that is passed on the ground to break the clods or tamp the soil. The roll function is obtained when, over a working width, the packed surface is greater than the unpacked surface. Such a roller function is therefore not fulfilled in the case of the wheels described in US-6,382,326, US-4,002,334, DE-3,139,936 and US-5,366,336. Furthermore, in these documents, a link arm articulated and a damping device between wheel and frame. This results in a complexity of the connection and the possibility of a vertical erase only by raising the wheel when the latter meets an obstacle.
Un but de la présente invention est donc de proposer une machine du type précité dont l'organe de référence destiné à assurer l'appui au sol et le réglage de la profondeur de travail de la machine se présente sous forme d'un rouleau polyvalent à fonction de jauge et de transport apte à garantir d'une part une profondeur constante de travail et un tassage du sol en toute sécurité, d'autre part un amortissement des chocs et des vibrations en position haute pour accroître la stabilité du châssis.An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a machine of the aforementioned type whose reference member for ensuring the ground support and adjustment of the working depth of the machine is in the form of a multipurpose roller to Gauge and transport function to ensure a consistent depth of work and a safe ground-leveling, on the other hand a damping of shocks and vibrations in high position to increase the stability of the chassis.
Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer une machine, dont la conception du rouleau d'appui au sol, permet de supprimer l'essieu de roues de la machine servant au transport et au roulage sur route de ladite machine.Another object of the present invention is to provide a machine, the design of the support roller on the ground, eliminates the wheel axle of the machine for transporting and driving on the road of said machine.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une machine de travail ou de traitement du sol, en particulier déchaumeuse de précision ou ameublisseur, du type comprenant au moins un châssis tracté, relevable, pour passer notamment d'une position de travail à une position de transport, ce châssis étant équipé d'outils aratoires formés d'au moins un train de disques déchaumeurs rotatifs non moteurs ou d'un train de lames, ces disques ou lames travaillant dans le sol suivant un terrage réglable par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un organe de référence couplé audit châssis et positionné généralement à l'arrière de la ou des rangées d'outils aratoires, cet organe de référence de type rouleau étant formé d'une juxtaposition d'au moins quatre roues à bandage en un matériau souple disposées le long d'une transversale à l'axe longitudinal du châssis pour couvrir une largeur de travail du sol, l'intervalle entre deux roues adjacentes étant inférieur ou égal à la largeur d'une roue pour obtenir un effet de tassage du sol, au moins certaines des roues venant en appui au sol à la fois en position de transport et de travail dudit châssis pour former indifféremment des roues de jauge ou de transport en fonction de la position dudit châssis, caractérisée en ce que les roues de jauge ou de transport de l'organe de référence polyvalent sont, individuellement ou par groupe, montées respectivement oscillantes par rapport au châssis porteur par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif à fonction de sécurité et d'amortisseur, ce dispositif autorisant, lorsque la pression exercée sur la roue ou groupe de roues est supérieure à une pression prédéterminée, un dégagement vertical et/ou latéral de ladite roue ou groupe de roues et, en deçà de ladite pression, un retour de la roue ou groupe de roues en position de travail ou de transport, de manière à obtenir, en position de travail, un travail de la terre à profondeur constante des outils et un tassage du sol, et, en position de transport, une stabilité sur route du châssis amorti.For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a working or soil treatment machine, in particular a precision dethatcher or loosener, of the type comprising at least one towed, liftable chassis, in particular to move from a working position to a transport position, this frame being equipped with tillage tools formed of at least one non-motor rotating disc harrow train or a blade train, these discs or blades working in the ground following an adjustable depth control via at least one reference member coupled to said frame and positioned generally at the rear of the row or rows of agricultural tools, said roll-type reference member being formed by a juxtaposition of at least four bandage wheels in one flexible material disposed along a transverse to the longitudinal axis of the frame to cover a working width of the ground, the interval between two adjacent wheels being less than or equal to the width of a wheel to obtain an effect of tamping the ground, at least some of the wheels bearing on the ground both in the transport position and work of said frame to form indifferently gauge wheels or transport depending on the position of said chassis, characterized in that the gauge or transport wheels of the versatile reference are, individually or in groups, mounted respectively oscillating relative to the carrier frame via a device with safety function and damper, this device allowing, when the pressure exerted on the wheel or group of wheels is greater than a predetermined pressure, a vertical and / or lateral clearance of said wheel or group of wheels and, below said pressure, a return of the wheel or group of wheels in the working or transport position, so as to obtain, in working position, a constant-depth ground work tools and a ground tamping, and, in transport position, a road stability of the cushioned chassis.
Grâce à l'utilisation des roues de l'organe de référence à la fois comme roue tasseuse, roue de transport et comme roue de jauge, il n'est plus nécessaire de disposer d'un jeu de roues supplémentaires servant au transport de la machine sur route. Il en résulte une simplification de la machine. En sus de la polyvalence des roues, la constitution de la machine permet de rendre polyvalent l'organe de liaison de la roue au châssis. En effet, cet organe remplit la fonction de sécurité traditionnelle en position de travail du châssis permettant à la roue d'échapper aux obstacles rencontrés et de ne pas être endommagée lors d'un travail à grande vitesse de la machine. Cet organe joue également le rôle d'amortisseur lors d'un transport sur route de la machine de travail du sol de telle sorte que la stabilité de l'ensemble de la machine est accrue sur route et permet un transport sur route à des vitesses pouvant atteindre plusieurs dizaines de kilomètres/heure.Thanks to the use of the wheels of the reference unit both as a packing wheel, a transport wheel and as a gauge wheel, it is no longer necessary to have a set of additional wheels for transporting the machine. on the road. This results in a simplification of the machine. In addition to the versatility of the wheels, the constitution of the machine makes it possible to make the connecting member of the wheel to the chassis versatile. Indeed, this body performs the traditional safety function in working position of the frame allowing the wheel to escape the obstacles encountered and not to be damaged during high speed work of the machine. This member also acts as a buffer during a road transport of the tillage machine so that the stability of the entire machine is increased on the road and allows road transport at speeds that can to reach several tens of kilometers per hour.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le dispositif de sécurité entre une roue ou un groupe de roues et le châssis se présente sous forme d'au moins un organe élastiquement déformable de type ressort constituant en outre l'organe de liaison entre châssis et roue ou groupe de roues. Le ou chaque ressort, constitutif du dispositif de sécurité, est par exemple un ressort hélicoïdal à au moins une spire et demie, les spires étant disposées côte à côte de manière à former un alignement de spires le long d'une ligne transversale au châssis, une extrémité dudit ressort étant couplable directement ou par l'intermédiaire d'une pièce de liaison au châssis porte-outils tandis que l'autre extrémité du ressort est couplable directement ou indirectement à la roue, en particulier au moyeu de roue ou au groupe de roues, ce ressort étant orienté de manière telle que la ou les spires dudit ressort se déforme(nt), en particulier se resserre(nt) par enroulement et/ou s'écartent l'une de l'autre lorsque la pression exercée sur la roue ou le groupe de roues est supérieure à la pression prédéterminée en autorisant notamment un effacement vertical et/ou latéral de la roue ou du groupe de roues.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the safety device between a wheel or a group of wheels and the chassis is in the form of at least one resiliently deformable member of the spring type further constituting the connecting member between chassis and wheel or group of wheels. The or each spring constituting the safety device is, for example, a helical spring with at least one and a half turn, the turns being arranged side by side so as to form an alignment of turns along a line transverse to the frame, an end of said spring being couplable directly or by via a connecting piece to the tool carrier frame while the other end of the spring is directly or indirectly couplable to the wheel, in particular to the wheel hub or to the group of wheels, this spring being oriented in such a way the winding or turns of said spring deforms, in particular narrows by winding and / or deviates from each other when the pressure exerted on the wheel or the group of wheels is greater than the predetermined pressure allowing in particular a vertical and / or lateral erasure of the wheel or the group of wheels.
La conception de l'organe de liaison permet, outre sa simplicité, d'assurer un dégagement dans les trois dimensions de la roue et non un simple dégagement vertical par soulèvement dans l'état de la technique.The design of the connecting member allows, in addition to its simplicity, to provide clearance in three dimensions of the wheel and not a simple vertical release by lifting in the state of the art.
L'invention a encore pour objet un sous-ensemble d'un organe de référence de type rouleau pour machine de travail ou de traitement du sol à disques ou à lames du type précité, ledit organe de référence étant formé d'une juxtaposition d'au moins quatre sous-ensembles, chaque sous-ensemble comprenant au moins une roue à bandage souple et au moins un organe de liaison de la roue à une poutre commune auxdits sous-ensembles, cette poutre étant destinée à être portée par le châssis de la machine, ledit organe de liaison constituant un dispositif à fonction de sécurité et d'amortisseur, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de liaison est un organe élastiquement déformable de type ressort, de préférence hélicoïdal, apte à autoriser un effacement vertical et/ou latéral de la roue lors de la rencontre avec un obstacle.The subject of the invention is also a subset of a roll-type reference member for a working or disk or blade-type soil treatment machine of the aforementioned type, said reference member being formed of a juxtaposition of at least four subassemblies, each subassembly comprising at least one flexible wheel and at least one wheel connecting member to a beam common to said subassemblies, said beam being intended to be carried by the chassis of the machine, said connecting member constituting a device with safety function and damper, characterized in that the connecting member is an elastically deformable member of spring type, preferably helical, able to allow a vertical and / or lateral erasure of the wheel when meeting with an obstacle.
L'invention sera bien comprise à la lecture de la description suivante d'exemples de réalisation, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
la figure 1 représente une vue de côté d'une machine de travail ou de traitement du sol en position de travail dudit châssis ;Figure 1 shows a side view of a working machine or soil treatment in working position of said frame;
la figure 2 représente Ia machine de travail de la figure 1 en position transport dudit châssis ; la figure 3 représente une vue de dessus d'une paire de roues couplables audit châssis par un dispositif de sécurité ;Figure 2 shows the working machine of Figure 1 in the transport position of said frame; Figure 3 shows a top view of a pair of wheels couplable to said frame by a safety device;
la figure 4A représente une vue en surélévation de la paire de roues de la figure 3 ;Fig. 4A shows an elevation view of the pair of wheels of Fig. 3;
la figure 4B représente une vue en surélévation d'une paire de roues équipée de deux ressorts ;FIG. 4B represents an elevation view of a pair of wheels equipped with two springs;
la figure 4C représente une vue % arrière en perspective d'une paire de roues équipée d'un bras amorti ;FIG. 4C shows a rear perspective view of a pair of wheels equipped with a damped arm;
les figures 5 et 6 représentent des vues de dessus d'un train de châssis en position de transport (figure 5) et en position de travail (figure 6) notamment pour permettre le travail sur de grandes largeurs.Figures 5 and 6 show top views of a chassis train in the transport position (Figure 5) and the working position (Figure 6) including to allow work over large widths.
Comme mentionné ci-dessus, la machine 1 de travail ou de traitement du sol, objet de l'invention, comprend au moins un châssis 2 tracté traîné. Par châssis traîné, on entend un châssis en appui roulant au sol en position de travail et de transport. Ce châssis 2 tracté est relevable pour passer notamment d'une position de travail, du type de celle représentée à la figure 1 , dans laquelle les outils aratoires équipant le châssis pénètrent dans le sol à une profondeur prédéterminée, à une position de transport, dans laquelle les outils du châssis sont positionnés au-dessus du sol pour ne pas nuire à l'avancement du châssis et empêcher tout endommagement desdits outils.As mentioned above, the machine 1 for working or soil treatment object of the invention comprises at least one trailing frame 2 trailed. Trailed frame means a chassis in support rolling on the ground in working position and transport. This towed frame 2 can be raised to pass in particular from a working position, of the type of that shown in FIG. 1, in which the agricultural tools equipping the chassis penetrate into the ground to a predetermined depth, to a transport position, in a which the tools of the chassis are positioned above the ground so as not to affect the progress of the chassis and prevent damage to said tools.
Les outils aratoires équipant le châssis 2 sont formés généralement d'au moins un train de disques 3 déchaumeurs rotatifs non moteurs ou d'un train de lames. Dans les exemples représentés, la machine est une déchaumeuse de précision qui comporte, pris dans le sens d'avancement du châssis, au moins deux trains successifs sensiblement parallèles, de disques déchaumeurs, des éléments semeurs pouvant être disposés entre les trains de disques. Les disques déchaumeurs sont constitués de disques concaves présentant généralement une concavité inversée d'un train de disques à un autre train de disques. Chaque disque déchaumeur ou groupe de disques déchaumeurs est monté indépendant et oscillant par rapport au châssis porteur de la déchaumeuse de manière à céder sous une pression prédéterminée réglable. De telles machines ne seront pas décrites plus en détail car elles sont bien connues à ceux versés dans cet art.The agricultural tools equipping the frame 2 are generally formed of at least one set of discs 3 non-rotating rotary stubble or a blade train. In the examples shown, the machine is a precision dethatcher which comprises, taken in the direction of advance of the chassis, at least two successive trains substantially parallel stubble disks, sowing elements can be arranged between the disk trains. The disks Stubble machines consist of concave disks generally having an inverted concavity from one disk train to another disk train. Each stubble disk or stubble disk group is independently mounted and oscillating relative to the dethatcher carrying frame to yield at a predetermined settable pressure. Such machines will not be described in more detail because they are well known to those skilled in the art.
Les disques 3 ou lames d'une telle machine travaillent dans le sol suivant un terrage réglable par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un organe 4 de référence couplé audit châssis 2 et positionné généralement à l'arrière de la ou des rangées d'outils aratoires. Cet organe 4 de référence se présente sous la forme générale d'un rouleau formé d'une juxtaposition de roues 5, 5' à bandage en un matériau souple, qui peuvent être encore appelées roues pneumatiques.The disks 3 or blades of such a machine work in the soil following an adjustable land by means of at least one reference member 4 coupled to said frame 2 and positioned generally at the rear of the row or rows of tools plowing. This reference member 4 is in the general form of a roll formed of a juxtaposition of wheels 5, 5 'with a bandage of a flexible material, which can be called pneumatic wheels.
Pour pouvoir remplir la fonction de rouleau, l'organe 4 de référence comporte au moins quatre roues juxtaposées. L'intervalle I entre deux roues adjacentes est inférieur ou égal à la largeur d'une roue. Ainsi, chaque roue présente une largeur comprise entre 60 et 400 mm et l'écartement entre deux roues, inférieur à la largeur d'une roue, est au plus égal à 80 mm. Pour obtenir un effet de tassement, généralement, la largeur d'une roue est au moins égale à deux fois la valeur de l'intervalle entre deux roues adjacentes. Cet intervalle peut être de valeur identique ou non d'un intervalle à une autre sur toute la longueur du rouleau. Cet organe de référence constitue également un dispositif de transport. A cet effet, au moins certaines des roues, représentées en 5' aux figures, viennent en appui au sol à la fois en position de transport et de travail du châssis 2 pour former indifféremment des roues tasseuses de jauge ou de transport en fonction de la position dudit châssis 2 comme l'illustrent les figures 1 et 2. Les roues, représentées en 5, ne sont généralement que des roues tasseuses et de jauge.To be able to fulfill the roller function, the reference member 4 comprises at least four juxtaposed wheels. The gap I between two adjacent wheels is less than or equal to the width of a wheel. Thus, each wheel has a width of between 60 and 400 mm and the spacing between two wheels, less than the width of a wheel, is at most equal to 80 mm. To obtain a packing effect, generally, the width of a wheel is at least twice the value of the gap between two adjacent wheels. This interval may be of identical value or not from one interval to another over the entire length of the roll. This reference member also constitutes a transport device. For this purpose, at least some of the wheels, shown at 5 'to the figures, bear against the ground both in the transport and working position of the chassis 2 to form indifferently gauge or transport wheel packing according to the position of said frame 2 as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. The wheels, shown at 5, are generally only compacting wheels and gauge.
Pour permettre cette triple fonction de certaines roues de l'organe de référence faisant office de roue tasseuse, de roue de jauge et de roue de transport, au δ moins certaines 5' des roues 5, 5' de l'organe de référence servant au transport de la machine sont équipées d'un organe de frein actionnable généralement à partir de la cabine du tracteur. Ce frein est un frein de sécurité encore appelé frein de parking ou frein d'urgence. De préférence et comme l'illustrent les figures 5 et 6, les roues 5, 5' sont décalées axialement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du châssis 2, au moins les roues 5' les plus décalées vers l'arrière du châssis 2 venant en appui au sol en position de transport du châssis 2 pour constituer les roues de roulage et de transport dudit châssis. Ainsi, si l'on trace une ligne sensiblement perpendiculaire à la ligne d'avancement du châssis, on constate que les axes de rotation des roues de l'organe de référence sont pour certains positionnés d'un côté de cette ligne, tandis que d'autres sont positionnés de l'autre côté de cette ligne. Ce décalage axial des roues peut également être obtenu à l'aide de roues de diamètre différent. Ce décalage axial a deux fonctions. Il permet tout d'abord d'éviter un colmatage par accumulation de terre dans l'intervalle laissé libre entre deux roues. Ce décalage permet donc d'assurer un nettoyage automatique des faces latérales desdites roues. Il permet en outre, lors du relevage du châssis et de l'amenée de ce dernier en position de transport, de concentrer la charge du châssis sur certaines roues de l'organe de référence, en particulier celles équipées d'organe de freinage. Cette configuration permet en effet de concentrer au moins 50 % du poids du châssis sur les roues équipées d'organe de freinage.To allow this triple function of certain wheels of the reference member acting as a packing wheel, gauge wheel and transport wheel, to δ minus some 5 'of the wheels 5, 5' of the reference member used to transport the machine are equipped with a brake member operable generally from the cab of the tractor. This brake is a safety brake also called parking brake or emergency brake. Preferably, and as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the wheels 5, 5 'are offset axially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the chassis 2, at least the wheels 5' most offset towards the rear of the chassis 2 coming from in support of the ground in the transport position of the frame 2 to form the wheels for rolling and transporting said frame. Thus, if one draws a line substantially perpendicular to the line of advance of the frame, it is found that the axes of rotation of the wheels of the reference member are for some positioned on one side of this line, while d others are positioned on the other side of this line. This axial displacement of the wheels can also be obtained using wheels of different diameter. This axial offset has two functions. It firstly prevents clogging by accumulation of soil in the gap left free between two wheels. This shift thus makes it possible to ensure automatic cleaning of the lateral faces of said wheels. It also allows, when lifting the chassis and the supply of the latter in the transport position, to concentrate the chassis load on some wheels of the reference member, in particular those equipped with a braking member. This configuration makes it possible to concentrate at least 50% of the weight of the chassis on the wheels equipped with braking member.
Dans l'exemple représenté, les roues sont décalées alternativement vers l'avant ou l'arrière du châssis depuis une extrémité vers l'autre extrémité du rouleau constitué par la juxtaposition des roues. Les roues 5' les plus décalées vers l'arrière du châssis sont formées au moins par les roues d'extrémité de l'organe 4 de référence. Ces roues 5' les plus décalées vers l'arrière du châssis sont équipées d'organes de frein.In the example shown, the wheels are shifted alternately towards the front or rear of the frame from one end to the other end of the roller constituted by the juxtaposition of the wheels. The wheels 5 'most offset towards the rear of the frame are formed at least by the end wheels of the reference member 4. These wheels 5 'most offset to the rear of the chassis are equipped with brake members.
Au moins les roues à fonction de transport et de jauge de l'organe de référence sont, individuellement ou par groupe, montées indépendantes et oscillantes par rapport au châssis porteur. Dans les exemples représentés, toutes les roues de l'organe de référence sont individuellement ou par groupe montées indépendantes et oscillantes par rapport au châssis. Ces roues 5, 5' de l'organe 4 de référence sont couplées par paire au châssis 2 porte-outils. Chaque paire de roues est ainsi reliée de manière indépendante d'une autre paire de roues au châssis porteur par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de sécurité. Ce dispositif 6 de sécurité, qui couple les roues 5, 5' d'une paire de roues au châssis 2, s'étend au moins partiellement dans l'espace laissé libre entre lesdites roues. Cette disposition permet de réduire l'encombrement de l'ensemble. En outre, du fait de la conception du dispositif de sécurité, on obtient une parfaite stabilité tant sur route que dans les champs de la paire de roues.At least the wheels transport function and gauge of the reference member are individually or in groups, mounted independently and oscillating relative to the undercarriage. In the examples shown, all the wheels of the reference member are individually or in groups mounted independent and oscillating relative to the chassis. These wheels 5, 5 'of the reference member 4 are coupled in pairs to the frame 2 tool holders. Each pair of wheels is thus connected independently of another pair of wheels to the carrier chassis via a safety device. This safety device 6, which couples the wheels 5, 5 'of a pair of wheels to the frame 2, extends at least partially in the space left free between said wheels. This arrangement reduces the overall size of the assembly. In addition, because of the design of the safety device, we obtain perfect stability both on the road and in the fields of the pair of wheels.
Ce dispositif de sécurité peut affecter un grand nombre de formes. Dans l'exemple représenté à la figure 4C, ce dispositif 6 est constitué d'un bras articulé équipé d'un organe 6' élastique, ce bras assurant la liaison entre roue et châssis. Dans les exemples des figures 4A et 4B, le dispositif 6 de sécurité entre au moins une roue 5 ou un groupe de roues 5, 5' et le châssis 2 se présente sous forme d'au moins un ressort constituant en outre l'organe de liaison entre châssis et roue 5, 5' ou groupe de roues. Ce ressort est généralement un ressort hélicoïdal à au moins une spire et demi. Une extrémité 6A dudit ressort est couplable directement ou par l'intermédiaire d'une pièce de liaison au châssis 2 porte-outils tandis que l'autre extrémité du ressort est couplable directement ou indirectement généralement au moyeu de roue 5. Dans l'exemple représenté à la figure 4A, cette autre extrémité du ressort est couplée à une pièce de liaison reliant les moyeux de roues entre eux. Ce ressort est orienté de manière telle que la ou les spires dudit ressort se déforme(nt), en particulier se resserre(nt) par enroulement et/ou s'écartent lorsque la pression exercée sur la roue est supérieure à la pression prédéterminée en autorisant notamment un effacement vertical et/ou latéral de la roue. L'utilisation d'un simple ressort à titre d'organe de liaison et d'amortisseur permet un effacement tridimensionnel de la roue ou du groupe de roues lors de la rencontre d'un obstacle. Il en résulte donc une simplicité de l'ensemble associée à une efficacité accrue. Dans l'exemple représenté à la figure 4B, le dispositif de sécurité comprend deux ressorts reliant un groupe de roues au châssis. Ces deux ressorts permettent d'accroître la rigidité de la liaison. Ces deux ressorts sont de type hélicoïdal. Ils sont disposés en opposition de manière à présenter une direction d'enroulement des spires opposée d'un ressort à un autre, chaque ressort présentant des spires s'enroulant depuis l'extrémité reliée au châssis vers l'autre extrémité en se développant en direction de l'autre ressort.This security device can affect a large number of forms. In the example shown in FIG. 4C, this device 6 consists of an articulated arm equipped with an elastic member 6 ', this arm providing the connection between wheel and frame. In the examples of FIGS. 4A and 4B, the safety device 6 between at least one wheel 5 or a group of wheels 5, 5 'and the chassis 2 is in the form of at least one spring constituting furthermore the connection between frame and wheel 5, 5 'or group of wheels. This spring is usually a helical spring at least one turn and a half. One end 6A of said spring is connectable directly or via a connecting piece to the frame 2 tool holder while the other end of the spring is directly or indirectly connectable generally to the wheel hub 5. In the example shown in Figure 4A, this other end of the spring is coupled to a connecting piece connecting the wheel hubs therebetween. This spring is oriented such that the winding or turns of said spring deforms, in particular narrows by winding and / or deviates when the pressure exerted on the wheel is greater than the predetermined pressure by allowing in particular a vertical and / or lateral erasure of the wheel. The use of a single spring as a connecting member and damper allows a three-dimensional erasure of the wheel or group of wheels when encountering an obstacle. This results in a simplicity of the set associated with increased efficiency. In the example shown in Figure 4B, the safety device comprises two springs connecting a group of wheels to the frame. These two springs make it possible to increase the rigidity of the link. These two springs are of helical type. They are arranged in opposition so as to have a direction of winding opposite turns of a spring to another, each spring having turns winding from the end connected to the frame towards the other end while developing in the direction in the other direction.
De préférence, les flancs de la ou des spires de chaque ressort sont en contact d'appui les uns contre les autres. Chaque ressort comporte de une spire et demie à cinq spires, lesdites spires étant disposées côte à côte de manière à former un alignement de spires le long d'une ligne transversale au châssis. Les spires terminales de chaque ressort se prolongent de manière à former un départ de branche tangentielle, cette branche s'étendant jusqu'au voisinage des moyeux de roues en formant un arc de cercle à concavité tournée vers le sol. Chaque spire de ressort est de préférence formée par enroulement d'un fil de section carrée ou ronde. L'extrémité du ressort, solidarisable au châssis, est couplée généralement à une platine fixée par bridage à une poutre transversale du châssis. En effet, la ou les roues 5 et le dispositif 6 de sécurité associé sont à chaque fois couplés au châssis 2 porte-outils par l'intermédiaire d'une poutre 7 montée à pivotement autour d'un axe sensiblement horizontal perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal dudit châssis 2. Le déplacement à pivotement de la poutre 7 assure le passage du châssis 2 de la position transport à la position travail et inversement comme l'illustrent les figures 1 et 2. Ce déplacement à pivotement de la poutre 7 peut être associé à un actionnement de l'attelage trois points du véhicule tracteur auquel le châssis est attelé. On comprend, en raison de ce mode de liaison des roues et du dispositif de sécurité au châssis, que les roues décalées axialement vers l'arrière au niveau de l'organe de référence seront les roues les plus sollicitées en position de transport. En effet, au cours de l'entraînement en pivotement de la poutre 7 autour d'un axe 8, les roues de l'organe de référence tendent, lors du passage de la position travail à la position transport du châssis, à se rapprocher de la dernière rangée d'outils pour réduire l'encombrement en longueur dudit châssis. La poutre et les roues associées tendent donc à être entraînées à pivotement de manière à déplacer les roues en direction du sol et à les amener à se rapprocher de la dernière rangée d'outils aratoires. Bien évidemment, le passage de la position transport à la position travail du châssis s'effectue par entraînement en pivotement de la poutre dans une direction inverse. Il pourrait également, de manière similaire, être prévu de n'entraîner en déplacement que certaines sections de la poutre, seules certaines roues jouant alors le rôle de roues de jauge et de roues de transport. Grâce à cette pluralité de fonctions des roues et à la conception du dispositif de sécurité, on obtient une parfaite stabilité du châssis tant sur route qu'en position de travail. En effet, en position de travail, le dispositif de sécurité remplit parfaitement son office et permet à chaque roue ou groupe de roues d'échapper lors de la rencontre d'un obstacle sans générer un soulèvement de la totalité du châssis comme cela pouvait être le cas dans l'état de la technique. Sur route, le dispositif de sécurité joue le rôle d'amortisseur et permet d'amortir les vibrations et chocs de toutes sortes. Cette conception permet de supprimer l'essieu de roues supplémentaires qui équipe généralement ce type de machine et sert au transport sur route d'un tel châssis.Preferably, the flanks of the coil or turns of each spring are in abutting contact against each other. Each spring comprises one-and-a-half turns to five turns, said turns being arranged side by side so as to form a spiral alignment along a line transverse to the frame. The end turns of each spring extend to form a tangential branch departure, this branch extending to the vicinity of the wheel hubs forming a concavity-turned arc towards the ground. Each spring turn is preferably formed by winding a wire of square or round section. The end of the spring, solidarisable to the frame, is generally coupled to a plate fixed by clamping to a transverse beam of the frame. Indeed, the wheel or wheels 5 and the associated safety device 6 are in each case coupled to the frame 2 tool holder by means of a beam 7 pivotally mounted about a substantially horizontal axis perpendicular to the axis 2. The pivotal displacement of the beam 7 ensures the passage of the frame 2 from the transport position to the working position and vice versa as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. This pivotal displacement of the beam 7 can be associated to an actuation of the three-point hitch of the towing vehicle to which the chassis is coupled. It is understandable, because of this mode of connection of the wheels and the safety device to the chassis, that the axially offset wheels rearward at the reference member will be the most stressed wheels in the transport position. Indeed, during the pivoting drive of the beam 7 about an axis 8, the wheels of the reference member tend, when moving from the working position to the transport position of the frame, to move closer to the last row of tools to reduce the overall length of said chassis. The beam and the associated wheels therefore tend to be pivoted to move the wheels towards the ground and to bring them closer to the last one. row of agricultural tools. Obviously, the transition from the transport position to the working position of the frame is effected by pivoting drive of the beam in a reverse direction. It could also, similarly, be provided to drive in displacement only certain sections of the beam, only some wheels then acting as gauge wheels and transport wheels. Thanks to this plurality of wheel functions and the design of the safety device, perfect chassis stability is obtained both on the road and in the working position. Indeed, in the working position, the safety device perfectly fulfills its office and allows each wheel or group of wheels to escape when encountering an obstacle without generating an uprising of the entire chassis as it could be the case in the state of the art. On the road, the safety device acts as a shock absorber and helps dampen vibrations and shocks of all kinds. This design eliminates the additional wheel axle that generally equips this type of machine and is used for the transport of such a chassis on the road.
Dans le cas de machine de travail ou de traitement du sol destinée à travailler sur de grandes largeurs, la machine de travail peut comporter au moins deux châssis porte-outils similaires qui, en position de transport, sont disposés en file indienne et reliés l'un à l'autre par une barre 9 d'accouplement pour former un train de châssis 2 comme l'illustre par exemple la figure 5. Dans ce cas, les châssis menés seront équipés à l'avant de roues supplémentaires. Cette barre 9 d'accouplement est reliée par une liaison articulée, telle qu'une liaison 10 pivot au châssis menant, pour permettre, lors d'un entraînement en déplacement de ladite barre 9, un décalage latéral du châssis mené et son positionnement sur une ligne parallèle à la ligne d'avancement du châssis menant de manière à former un front de châssis 2. Dans le cas où cette machine comporte plus de deux châssis, le troisième châssis devra être dételé du châssis mené qui le précède pour permettre le passage de la position transport à la position travail et être ensuite attelé au châssis menant.In the case of a working or soil treatment machine intended to work over large widths, the working machine may comprise at least two similar tool-carrying frames which, in the transport position, are arranged in single file and connected to one another. one to the other by a coupling bar 9 to form a chassis train 2 as illustrated for example in Figure 5. In this case, the chassis will be equipped with front wheels additional. This coupling bar 9 is connected by an articulated connection, such as a pivot connection 10 to the driving chassis, to allow, during a driving movement of said bar 9, a lateral shift of the driven chassis and its positioning on a line parallel to the forward line of the chassis leading to form a chassis front 2. In the case where this machine has more than two chassis, the third chassis must be uncoupled from the led chassis which precedes it to allow the passage of the transport position to the working position and then be coupled to the driving chassis.
Grâce à une telle conception de l'organe de référence, l'encombrement en largeur de la machine est également optimisé. Chaque roue ou paire de roues est associée à une ligne de disques et peut constituer en outre une bande de semis en cas de présence d'éléments semeurs. Le travail du sol obtenu est donc réalisé de manière parfaite. Thanks to such a design of the reference member, the overall width of the machine is also optimized. Each wheel or pair of wheels is associated with a line of disks and can also constitute a seeding band in the presence of sowing elements. The tillage obtained is therefore perfectly realized.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Machine (1) de travail ou de traitement du sol, en particulier déchaumeuse de précision ou ameublisseur, du type comprenant au moins un châssis (2) tracté, relevable, pour passer notamment d'une position de travail à une position de transport, ce châssis (2) étant équipé d'outils aratoires formés d'au moins un train de disques (3) déchaumeurs rotatifs non moteurs ou d'un train de lames, ces disques (3) ou lames travaillant dans le sol suivant un terrage réglable par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un organe (4) de référence couplé audit châssis (2) et positionné généralement à l'arrière de la ou des rangées d'outils aratoires, cet organe (4) de référence de type rouleau étant formé d'une juxtaposition d'au moins quatre roues (5, 5') à bandage en un matériau souple disposées le long d'une transversale à l'axe longitudinal du châssis (2) pour couvrir une largeur de travail du sol, l'intervalle (I) entre deux roues adjacentes étant inférieur ou égal à la largeur d'une roue pour obtenir un effet de tassage du sol, au moins certaines (5') des roues (5, 5') venant en appui au sol à la fois en position de transport et de travail dudit châssis (2) pour former indifféremment des roues de jauge ou de transport en fonction de la position dudit châssis (2), caractérisée en ce que les roues (5') de jauge ou de transport de l'organe de référence polyvalent sont, individuellement ou par groupe, montées respectivement oscillantes par rapport au châssis (2) porteur par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif (6) à fonction de sécurité et d'amortisseur, ce dispositif (6) autorisant, lorsque la pression exercée sur la roue (5') ou groupe de roues est supérieure à une pression prédéterminée, un dégagement vertical et/ou latéral de ladite roue (5') ou groupe de roues et, en deçà de ladite pression, un retour de la roue (5') ou groupe de roues en position de travail ou de transport, de manière à obtenir, en position de travail, un travail de la terre à profondeur constante des outils et un tassage du sol, et, en position de transport, une stabilité sur route du châssis (2) amorti.1. Machine (1) for working or soil treatment, in particular a precision dethatcher or loosener, of the type comprising at least one frame (2) towed, liftable, to pass including a working position to a transport position , this frame (2) being equipped with tillage implements formed of at least one set of discs (3) non-motor rotating stubble cultivators or a set of blades, these discs (3) or blades working in the soil following a terrage adjustable by means of at least one reference member (4) coupled to said frame (2) and positioned generally at the rear of the row or rows of agricultural tools, said roll-type reference member (4) being formed of a juxtaposition of at least four wheels (5, 5 ') with a bandage of flexible material arranged along a transverse to the longitudinal axis of the frame (2) to cover a working width of the ground, l interval (I) between two adjacent wheels being less than or equal to width of a wheel to obtain an effect of tamping the ground, at least some (5 ') of the wheels (5, 5') bearing on the ground both in the transport position and working of said frame (2) for to form indifferently gauge or transport wheels according to the position of said frame (2), characterized in that the wheels (5 ') of gauge or transport of the polyvalent reference member are, individually or in groups, mounted respectively oscillating relative to the carrier frame (2) via a device (6) with safety function and damper, this device (6) allowing, when the pressure exerted on the wheel (5 ') or group of wheels is greater than a predetermined pressure, a vertical and / or lateral clearance of said wheel (5 ') or group of wheels and, below said pressure, a return of the wheel (5') or group of wheels in position of work or transport, so as to obtain, in working position, a working it of the ground to constant depth of tools and a tamping of the ground, and, in transport position, a road stability of the frame (2) cushioned.
2. Machine (1) de travail ou de traitement du sol selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins certaines (5') des roues (5, 5') de transport de l'organe (4) de référence sont équipées d'un organe de frein actionnable généralement à partir de la cabine du tracteur.2. Machine (1) for working or treating soil according to claim 1, characterized in that at least some (5 ') of the wheels (5, 5') for transporting the reference member (4) is equipped with a brake member that can be actuated generally from the tractor cabin.
3. Machine (1) de travail ou de traitement du sol selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que les roues (5, 5') sont décalées axialement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du châssis (2), au moins les roues (5') les plus décalées vers l'arrière du châssis (2) venant en appui au sol en position de transport du châssis (2) pour constituer les roues de roulage et de transport dudit châssis.3. Machine (1) for working or treating soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the wheels (5, 5 ') are offset axially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the frame (2), at least the wheels (5 ') the most offset rearwardly of the frame (2) bearing against the ground in the transport position of the frame (2) to form the wheels for rolling and transporting said frame.
4. Machine (1) de travail ou de traitement du sol selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que les roues (5') les plus décalées vers l'arrière du châssis sont formées au moins par les roues d'extrémité de l'organe (4) de référence.4. Machine (1) for working or treating soil according to claim 3, characterized in that the wheels (5 ') most offset rearward of the frame are formed at least by the end wheels of the reference organ (4).
5. Machine (1) de travail ou de traitement du sol selon l'une des revendications 3 et 4, caractérisée en ce que les roues (51) les plus décalées vers l'arrière du châssis sont équipées d'organes de frein.5. Machine (1) for working or treating soil according to one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the wheels (5 1 ) most offset rearward of the chassis are equipped with brake members.
6. Machine (1) de travail ou de traitement du sol selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que les roues (5, 5') de l'organe (4) de référence sont couplées par paire au châssis (2) porte-outils.6. machine (1) for working or treating soil according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wheels (5, 5 ') of the member (4) reference are coupled in pairs to the frame (2) tool holders.
7. Machine (1) de travail ou de traitement du sol selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif (6) de sécurité, qui couple les roues (5, 5') d'une paire de roues au châssis (2), s'étend au moins partiellement dans l'espace laissé libre entre lesdites roues (5, 5').7. Machine (1) for working or treating soil according to claim 6, characterized in that the device (6) for safety, which couples the wheels (5, 5 ') of a pair of wheels to the frame (2 ), extends at least partially in the space left free between said wheels (5, 5 ').
8. Machine de travail ou de traitement du sol selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif (6) de sécurité entre une roue (5, 5') ou un groupe de roues (5, 5') et le châssis (2) se présente sous forme d'au moins un organe élastiquement déformable de type ressort constituant en outre l'organe de liaison entre châssis et roue ou groupe de roues.8. Machine working or soil treatment according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the device (6) between a safety wheel (5, 5 ') or a group of wheels (5, 5') ) and the frame (2) is in the form of at least one resiliently deformable member of the spring type further constituting the member connection between frame and wheel or group of wheels.
9. Machine de travail ou de traitement du sol selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le ressort, constitutif du dispositif (6) de sécurité, est un ressort hélicoïdal à au moins une spire et demie, les spires étant disposées côte à côte de manière à former un alignement de spires le long d'une ligne transversale au châssis, une extrémité (6A) dudit ressort étant couplable directement ou par l'intermédiaire d'une pièce de liaison au châssis (2) porte- outils tandis que l'autre extrémité du ressort est couplable directement ou indirectement à la roue, en particulier au moyeu de roue (5, 5') ou groupe de roues, ce ressort étant orienté de manière telle que la ou les spires dudit ressort se déforme(nt), en particulier se resserre(nt) par enroulement et/ou s'écarte(nt) l'une de l'autre lorsque la pression exercée sur la roue ou groupe de roues est supérieure à la pression prédéterminée en autorisant notamment un effacement vertical et/ou latéral de la roue ou du groupe de roues.9. Work or soil treatment machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the spring constituting the device (6) for safety, is a helical spring at least a turn and a half, the turns being arranged side by side to form an alignment of turns along a line transverse to the frame, an end (6A) of said spring being couplable directly or via a connecting piece to the frame (2) tool holder while the the other end of the spring is directly or indirectly connectable to the wheel, in particular to the wheel hub (5, 5 ') or group of wheels, this spring being oriented in such a way that the winding or turns of said spring deforms (s) , in particular tightens (s) by winding and / or deviates (nt) from each other when the pressure exerted on the wheel or group of wheels is greater than the predetermined pressure allowing particular vertical erasure and / or lateral wheel or group of wheels.
10. Machine (1) de travail ou de traitement du sol selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que la ou les roues (5) et le dispositif (6) de sécurité associé sont à chaque fois couplés au châssis (2) porte-outils par l'intermédiaire d'une poutre (7) montée, sur le châssis (2), à pivotement autour d'un axe sensiblement horizontal perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal dudit châssis (2), le déplacement à pivotement de la poutre (7) assurant le passage du châssis (2) de la position de transport à la position de travail et inversement.10. Machine (1) for working or treating soil according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the wheel or wheels (5) and the associated safety device (6) are each coupled to the frame (2) tool holder through a beam (7) mounted on the frame (2), pivotable about a substantially horizontal axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said frame (2), the displacement to pivoting of the beam (7) ensuring the passage of the frame (2) from the transport position to the working position and vice versa.
11. Machine (1) de travail ou de traitement du sol selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins deux châssis (2) porte-outils similaires qui, en position de transport, sont disposés en file indienne et reliés l'un à l'autre par une barre (9) d'accouplement pour former un train de châssis (2), cette barre (9) d'accouplement étant reliée par une liaison articulée, telle qu'une liaison pivot au châssis menant, pour permettre, lors d'un entraînement en déplacement de ladite barre (9), un décalage latéral du châssis mené et son positionnement sur une ligne parallèle à la ligne d'avancement du châssis menant de manière à former un front de châssis (2).11. Machine (1) for working or treating soil according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises at least two frames (2) similar tool holder which, in the transport position, are arranged in single file and connected to one another by a coupling bar (9) to form a chassis train (2), this coupling bar (9) being connected by an articulated connection, such that a pivot connection to the driving chassis, to allow, during a driving movement of said bar (9), a lateral shift of the driven chassis and its positioning on a line parallel to the forward line of the driving frame so as to form a chassis front (2).
12. Sous-ensemble d'un organe (4) de référence de type rouleau pour machine de travail ou de traitement du sol à disques ou à lames conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 11 , ledit organe (4) de référence étant formé d'une juxtaposition d'au moins quatre sous-ensembles, chaque sous-ensemble comprenant au moins une roue (5, 5') à bandage souple et au moins un organe de liaison de la roue (5, 5') à une poutre commune auxdits sous-ensembles, cette poutre étant destinée à être portée par le châssis (2) de la machine, ledit organe de liaison constituant un dispositif (6) à fonction de sécurité et d'amortisseur, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de liaison est un organe élastiquement déformable de type ressort, de préférence hélicoïdal, apte à autoriser un effacement vertical et/ou latéral de la roue lors de la rencontre avec un obstacle. 12. Subassembly of a roll-type reference member (4) for a working machine or disk or blade-type floor treatment machine according to one of claims 1 to 11, said reference member (4) being formed of a juxtaposition of at least four subassemblies, each subassembly comprising at least one wheel (5, 5 ') with a flexible tire and at least one wheel connecting member (5, 5') with a beam common to said subassemblies, said beam being intended to be carried by the frame (2) of the machine, said connecting member constituting a device (6) with a safety and damping function, characterized in that the member link is an elastically deformable spring-type member, preferably helical, able to allow a vertical and / or lateral erasure of the wheel during the encounter with an obstacle.
PCT/FR2006/001266 2005-06-07 2006-06-06 Soil-working machine having a raisable towed chassis comprising two wheels forming gauge wheels and transport wheels WO2006131631A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0505766 2005-06-07
FR0505766A FR2886511B1 (en) 2005-06-07 2005-06-07 TILT WORKING MACHINE WITH TILTABLE TRACTION FRAME COMPRISING WHEELS SPECIFICALLY WHEEL-GAUGE AND TRANSPORT WHEELS

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010037108A1 (en) * 2010-08-23 2012-02-23 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg Landing gear for an agricultural implement
DE102010037843A1 (en) * 2010-09-29 2012-03-29 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg Landing gear for an agricultural implement
CZ2012959A3 (en) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-02 Farmet A.S. Semi-mounted or towed agricultural soil working machine or seed drill
EP4124221B1 (en) 2021-07-28 2024-10-09 Kverneland Group Soest GmbH Agricultural machine and agricultural machine combination

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WO1985005246A1 (en) * 1984-05-21 1985-12-05 Väderstadverken Ab Apparatus in dispensing machines for agriculture
US5366336A (en) 1993-06-14 1994-11-22 Deere & Company Leveling rod assembly coupled between towed implement hitch and ground wheel axle
US6382326B1 (en) 2001-03-20 2002-05-07 Deere & Company Implement suspension with accumulator

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4002334A (en) 1975-09-17 1977-01-11 Wilbeck Machine And Manufacturing, Inc. Dual frame offset disc implement with tongue members and a tow bar arranged for movement between side by side relation and a trailing relation
DE3139936A1 (en) 1981-10-08 1983-04-28 Maschinenfabriken Bernard Krone Gmbh, 4441 Spelle Agricultural trailer implement
WO1985005246A1 (en) * 1984-05-21 1985-12-05 Väderstadverken Ab Apparatus in dispensing machines for agriculture
US5366336A (en) 1993-06-14 1994-11-22 Deere & Company Leveling rod assembly coupled between towed implement hitch and ground wheel axle
US6382326B1 (en) 2001-03-20 2002-05-07 Deere & Company Implement suspension with accumulator

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