WO2006016418A1 - 符号化ストリーム記録媒体、画像符号化装置、及び画像復号化装置 - Google Patents
符号化ストリーム記録媒体、画像符号化装置、及び画像復号化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006016418A1 WO2006016418A1 PCT/JP2004/011795 JP2004011795W WO2006016418A1 WO 2006016418 A1 WO2006016418 A1 WO 2006016418A1 JP 2004011795 W JP2004011795 W JP 2004011795W WO 2006016418 A1 WO2006016418 A1 WO 2006016418A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/597—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding specially adapted for multi-view video sequence encoding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals
- H04N13/106—Processing image signals
- H04N13/111—Transformation of image signals corresponding to virtual viewpoints, e.g. spatial image interpolation
- H04N13/117—Transformation of image signals corresponding to virtual viewpoints, e.g. spatial image interpolation the virtual viewpoint locations being selected by the viewers or determined by viewer tracking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/204—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras
- H04N13/243—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras using three or more 2D image sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/102—Programmed access in sequence to addressed parts of tracks of operating record carriers
- G11B27/105—Programmed access in sequence to addressed parts of tracks of operating record carriers of operating discs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a medium on which an encoding stream obtained by encoding an image is recorded, an encoding device for encoding an image, a decoding device for decoding, a method for encoding an image, and a decoding method
- the present invention relates to an image recording apparatus, a video player, a mobile phone, a digital camera, and the like using these.
- Coding methods such as MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) method have been established as a method to record and transmit video and audio information, and MPEG-1 standard, MPEG-2 standard, MPEG-4 standard, etc. As a result, it is an international standard encoding method.
- MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group
- MPEG-1 standard MPEG-2 standard
- MPEG-4 standard MPEG-4 standard
- H.264 / AVC Advanced Video Coding
- playback may be performed in the opposite direction to the time series captured.
- a means for generating such a reproducible stream in the reverse direction there is a method for realizing the reverse reproduction by using only an intra-coded frame and a bidirectional prediction frame (for example, a special technique). (See Kaihei 8-2 80 2 4).
- the present invention provides an encoding stream that can be reproduced in a reverse direction in units of frames with high image quality and high compression rate, and an image encoding device and image decoding corresponding to the encoding stream.
- a device is provided.
- the present invention is suitable for compression of multi-view images, and multi-view images using the same.
- An encoding stream, an image encoding device, and an image decoding device are provided.
- a typical configuration disclosed in the present application in order to solve the above problems is as follows.
- a recording medium for recording an encoded stream having picture data For one frame, the picture data predicted forward from the other frames and the backward prediction from the other frames in the opposite direction to the forward prediction are performed.
- a recording medium for recording an encoded stream having picture data for one frame, the picture data predicted forward from the other frames and the backward prediction from the other frames in the opposite direction to the forward prediction are performed.
- An image encoding apparatus having an image memory capable of storing a plurality of input images, a processing direction determination unit that determines the processing order of images, and a prediction processing unit that performs a prediction process.
- a code stream having a flag for distinguishing between picture data generated by performing forward prediction on an image having the coding stream of 1 and picture data generated by performing backward prediction in a direction opposite to the forward prediction.
- a decoding device that decodes the encoding stream in accordance with an instruction of a processing direction determination unit that determines the processing direction.
- an encoded stream that has high image quality and compression rate and can be reproduced in the reverse direction in units of frames. Furthermore, An image encoding device and an image decoding device corresponding to this can be realized. In addition, it is possible to realize an encoding stream, an image encoding device, and an image decoding device that are suitable for compression of multi-viewpoint images.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of an encoding stream used in the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a comparison diagram of an existing method in a decoding method and a method according to the present invention.
- Figure 3 illustrates a multi-viewpoint image capture system
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment in which the encoding stream of the present invention is used for multi-view image encoding.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of an image encoding device used in the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating in detail an embodiment of an image encoding device used in the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of an image decoding apparatus used in the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating in detail an embodiment of an image decoding apparatus used in the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the image coding method of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the image decoding method of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an encoding stream according to the present invention. Describe the characteristics.
- the encoded stream is recorded as a data string (103) on the data recording medium (102).
- I is an intra-coded frame
- P is a forward prediction frame
- B is a bidirectional prediction frame.
- the number indicates the frame number during playback.
- 11 indicates the data obtained by encoding the I I frame.
- P picture and B picture they are encoded data after forward prediction and bidirectional prediction, respectively.
- An arrow 106 indicates a forward reproduction direction
- an arrow 107 indicates a reverse reproduction direction.
- the backward prediction frame is a frame predicted using only the frame that is played back later as the reference frame in the actual playback order (time order).
- the image P 4 in the embodiment of the present application is characterized in that it has picture data P 4 ′ generated by forward prediction and picture data P 4 ′ generated by backward prediction in the opposite direction to forward prediction. 17 'is decoded alone and 17 is played back. Next, P4 does not use II and P4 'in the existing method. If you can not play. However, the present invention has R4 ′ (105) which is the picture data predicted backward. This is picture data obtained by backward prediction from 17 to P4. In other words, P4 can be reproduced by using the decrypted 17 and R4 'data.
- B6 and B5 can be reproduced by using 17, P4 and B6 'and B5', respectively.
- picture data P consisting only of data predicted in the time direction or the movement direction of the viewpoint position from another frame and the same frame from the other frame in the time direction or viewpoint position.
- Picture data R consisting only of data predicted backward in the moving direction of
- the picture data for R4 is data that does not exist in the existing stream. Therefore, the backward prediction frame data may be recorded in a private data format, which is a method of recording additional data in an existing stream.
- the private data format is a data format for ensuring compatibility between the existing standard and the extended standard, and is also referred to as ending data.
- standards include information indicating the range of private data, and decoders that support only existing standards ignore the contents of this private data.
- the decoder corresponding to the extended standard can read and process the contents of this private data. By using this format, this stream can be reversed. Even if input to an existing decoding device that does not support playback, it can be played back in the forward direction as a normal stream.
- Fig. 3A For systems that shoot multi-viewpoint images, as shown in Fig. 3A, a type in which the viewpoint position of the camera (302) etc. is placed so as to surround the object (304) to be shot, or as shown in Fig. 3B There are types that take panoramic images of the entire circumference with the camera facing outward.
- FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B (303) and (306) show examples of the coding type of each image taken by the camera. Transmit such multi-viewpoint images
- prediction is performed using the correlation between adjacent viewpoints and encoding is performed.
- each of them is intra prediction coding, forward prediction coding, bidirectional prediction code, respectively.
- prediction may be performed in the time direction for each viewpoint position. This is done when the object is to be recorded as a moving image.
- an image at each viewpoint position is encoded by the above method.
- the encoded image is used as a reference frame, and is predicted and encoded as a moving image independently for each viewpoint position in the time direction. By performing this at regular time intervals, a multi-view video can be recorded.
- the movement of the viewpoint is limited to the timing of predictive coding between viewpoints.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a case where the encoding stream according to the present invention is used for encoding a multi-viewpoint image.
- images (402) corresponding to respective positions are captured by a camera (401) at a plurality of viewpoint positions or a moving camera, and these are predicted and encoded as continuous frames.
- an encoding stream (403) is created.
- the user looks around the target object, so not only the direction encoded by that instruction (clockwise / forward) but also the image in the reverse direction (counterclockwise).
- a large amount of processing 'memory is required.
- the method having the backward prediction picture R10' (404) according to the present invention is used, this is greatly reduced.
- information related to the viewpoint position other than the time may be recorded in the time stamp portion of the existing encoding stream instead of the reproduction time information.
- the index of the viewpoint position, camera angle, absolute position, frame display duration of each viewpoint position, etc. may be recorded. It is also possible to record a flag in the stream indicating that information that is not playback time information is recorded. By recording the camera angle and absolute position of the index of the viewpoint position, it is most appropriate to display based on this information when the user instructs from which direction to view the target object. Frames can be selected from the stream.
- FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of an image encoding apparatus according to the present invention.
- the image encoding device includes an image input unit (501), an image memory (502), a processing direction determination unit (503), an encoding prediction processing unit (504), an error adjustment unit (505), and an encoding processing unit (506). ), Frame memory (507), and output unit (508).
- the error adjusting unit (505) may be omitted, the image quality can be improved by providing the error adjusting unit (505).
- the image input unit (501) inputs image information from a camera or the like to the encoding device and stores it in the image memory (502). Images may be captured simultaneously from multiple cameras or may be input and stored continuously.
- the processing direction determination unit (503) determines the processing order of the images, the code processing method such as forward prediction, backward prediction, etc., and notifies the encoded prediction processing unit (504).
- the prediction processing unit (504) acquires an appropriate image from the image memory (502), and performs a prediction process using the reference image in the frame memory (507).
- the coded prediction processing unit (504) performs predictive coding processing of each picture. Like P4 shown in the embodiment of FIG. 4, forward predicted picture data P4 ′ and backward predicted picture data R4, etc.
- the error adjustment unit (505) adjusts the image quality difference depending on the reproduction direction.
- the forward prediction picture data and the backward prediction picture data are each decoded once and the image quality is compared for each block.
- a block with a difference in image quality more than a certain level is a block of one or both pictures so that the image quality is uniform.
- the encoding processing unit (506) encodes the image based on the predicted information, and sends the data to the output unit (508) to create an encoding stream. On the other hand, the encoding processing unit (506) decodes the generated encoded data, returns it to an image, and sends it to the frame memory (507).
- the image stored in the frame memory (507) is stored as a reference frame for use in prediction of the next image in accordance with the encoded prediction processing unit (504).
- FIG. 6 shows the details of the encoding prediction processing unit (504).
- an original image to be encoded is fetched from the image memory (502) into the original image memory (601). Further, the reference image is taken into the reference image memory (603) from the frame memory (507).
- the processing direction determination unit (503) transmits an instruction of the image prediction method and the encoding method regarding which type of prediction is performed to the switching processing unit (602), and the reference image and the original image are predicted according to this instruction. It is sent to the intra coding prediction unit (604), the unidirectional coding prediction unit (605), and the bidirectional coding prediction unit (606), which are processing units.
- the intra coding prediction unit (604) is a processing unit that performs coding prediction processing within an image, and the one-way coding prediction unit (605) performs forward or backward coding prediction processing.
- a bidirectional encoding prediction unit (606) performs bidirectional encoding prediction processing. That is, since both the forward prediction and the backward prediction are unidirectional prediction processing, if the reference image used for prediction is replaced by the switching processing unit (602), the processing is performed by the same unidirectional encoding prediction unit (605). Is possible. That is, the switching process may be performed only when backward predictive coding is performed.
- the reference image memory includes the past image memory and the future image memory. The past image memory is used for forward prediction, and both are used for bidirectional prediction.
- the processing is shared with the forward prediction unit.
- the reference image originally stored in the future image memory is stored in the past image memory by the switching process.
- the switching unit realizes the present application by switching the reference image used in the prediction unit between the future image and the past image of the image to be encoded.
- the data processed by each prediction processing unit is sent to the error adjustment unit (505). Encoding is performed by the above processing.
- FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the image decoding apparatus according to the present invention.
- the image decoding apparatus includes a stream input unit (701), a stream buffer.
- the stream input unit (701) inputs the encoded stream to the decoding device and stores it in the stream buffer (702).
- the processing direction determination unit (703) determines the order of data to be processed according to the user's instruction input, and notifies the decoding prediction processing unit (704). For example, in a decoding device that reproduces a multi-viewpoint image, the decoding direction of the encoding stream is changed in various directions, such as when the user looks around the target object clockwise or counterclockwise.
- the processing direction determination unit (703) designates the position of the appropriate picture data based on the user instruction from the data stored in the stream buffer (702), and determines the decoding order by the decoding prediction process. Tell the department (704).
- the processing direction determination unit (703) checks the flags in the stream, determines whether the input stream can be reproduced in the reverse direction, or encodes a multi-view image encoding stream. As to whether or not loop playback in the reverse direction is possible.
- the decoding prediction processing unit (704) acquires appropriate picture data from the stream buffer (702) and performs prediction processing. data Except for the switching of the reference image, the decoding prediction processing unit (704) may be the same as the prediction processing unit of a normal decoding device.
- the data after the prediction process is sent to the decoding processing unit (705), reproduced as an image, and output to the output unit (707).
- the decoded image is sent to the frame memory (707) and stored as a reference image for the next decoded image.
- FIG. 8 shows the decoding prediction processing unit (704) in detail.
- picture data to be decoded is fetched from the stream buffer (702) into the data switching unit (801). Further, the reference image is taken into the reference image memory (802) from the frame memory (706).
- an instruction regarding the image prediction method and the decoding method is transmitted from the processing direction determination unit (703) to the data switching unit (801), and intra-decoding in which appropriate data is each prediction processing unit according to the instruction.
- the data is sent to the prediction unit (803), the unidirectional decoding prediction unit (804), and the bidirectional decoding prediction unit (805).
- the intra decoding prediction unit (803) is a processing unit that performs decoding prediction processing within an image, and the unidirectional decoding prediction unit (804) performs forward or reverse decoding prediction processing.
- the bidirectional decoding prediction unit (805) performs bidirectional decoding prediction processing. That is, since both the forward prediction and the backward prediction are unidirectional prediction processes, the same unidirectional decoding prediction can be performed by appropriately switching the order of data to be decoded and the reference image by the data switching unit (801). Processing can be performed by the unit (804). The data processed by each prediction processing unit is sent to the decoding processing unit (705). Decoding is performed by the above processing. As described above, any of the encoding / decoding devices can be realized by slightly improving the existing device.
- Fig. 9 shows an outline of the image coding method according to the present invention. explain.
- step (901) image buffering is performed.
- step (902) intra prediction / forward prediction 'bidirectional prediction is performed.
- step (903) the memory is switched. This is a process of replacing the target reference image in order to create a stream that can be played back in the reverse direction, using the same process as the forward prediction described above.
- step (904) a backward prediction process is performed.
- picture data is created only by backward prediction that enables backward reproduction.
- step (905) error adjustment and flag processing are performed.
- error adjustment is a process that adjusts the encoding method of picture data based only on forward prediction and picture data based only on backward prediction so that there is no difference in image quality between forward playback and backward playback. is there.
- the flag processing a flag indicating that the encoded stream to be output supports reverse playback, camera position information and reverse loop playback are possible when the multi-view image is encoded. Output information etc.
- the encoded data created as described above is output as a stream.
- the normal processing in step (902) and the reverse processing in step (904) may be performed simultaneously by switching the memory. A stream that can be played in the reverse direction is created in the manner described above.
- FIG. 10 shows an outline of the image decoding method according to the present invention. Will be explained.
- step (1001) data buffering of the encoded stream is performed.
- step (1002) the flag of the encoded stream is determined. The contents of the flag are as described above.
- step (1003) the playback direction is determined. Processing to determine the playback direction of the image to be changed according to the user instruction.
- step (1004) data switching is performed. In data switching, picture data corresponding to the playback direction is read from the memory in which the data is stored and passed to the prediction processing unit.
- step (1005) prediction / decoding processing is performed. When the data in the appropriate order is passed in step (1004), the decoding process itself can be realized by the same process as the existing decoding.
- step (1006) is output. The image is decoded from the stream that can be reproduced in the reverse direction by the above method.
- the multi-viewpoint image encoding device and decoding device have been described as examples.
- the application of the present invention is not limited to this, and normal video encoding is performed. It can be used for various image encoding devices, decoding devices, etc. as the beginning.
- this method is used for normal video coding, backward playback in units of frames is possible with a small amount of memory, and when it is used for multi-view image coding, a user instruction with a small amount of memory is possible.
- the viewpoint position can be moved freely according to the situation.
- the present application can be applied to information encoding / decoding.
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/659,817 US8155186B2 (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2004-08-11 | Bit stream recording medium, video encoder, and video decoder |
CN2004800437770A CN1998242B (zh) | 2004-08-11 | 2004-08-11 | 图像编码装置和图像解码装置 |
PCT/JP2004/011795 WO2006016418A1 (ja) | 2004-08-11 | 2004-08-11 | 符号化ストリーム記録媒体、画像符号化装置、及び画像復号化装置 |
JP2006531105A JP4638874B2 (ja) | 2004-08-11 | 2004-08-11 | 符号化ストリーム記録媒体、及び画像符号化装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/JP2004/011795 WO2006016418A1 (ja) | 2004-08-11 | 2004-08-11 | 符号化ストリーム記録媒体、画像符号化装置、及び画像復号化装置 |
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WO2006016418A1 true WO2006016418A1 (ja) | 2006-02-16 |
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PCT/JP2004/011795 WO2006016418A1 (ja) | 2004-08-11 | 2004-08-11 | 符号化ストリーム記録媒体、画像符号化装置、及び画像復号化装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8155186B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4638874B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1998242B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006016418A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
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JP2008211417A (ja) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-09-11 | Fujitsu Ltd | 多視点動画像伝送システム |
CN100438632C (zh) * | 2006-06-23 | 2008-11-26 | 清华大学 | 一种交互式多视点视频的编码方法 |
RU2443074C2 (ru) * | 2006-07-06 | 2012-02-20 | Томсон Лайсенсинг | Способ и устройство для отделения номера кадра и/или счетчика очередности изображения (рос) для мультивидового видеокодирования и видеодекодирования |
RU2458479C2 (ru) * | 2006-10-30 | 2012-08-10 | Ниппон Телеграф Энд Телефон Корпорейшн | Способ кодирования и способ декодирования видео, устройства для них, программы для них, а также носители хранения данных, которые сохраняют программы |
RU2488973C2 (ru) * | 2006-03-29 | 2013-07-27 | Томсон Лайсенсинг | Способы и устройство для использования в системе кодирования многовидового видео |
US10244231B2 (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2019-03-26 | Interdigital Vc Holdings, Inc. | Method and apparatus for decoupling frame number and/or picture order count (POC) for multi-view video encoding and decoding |
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JP4904914B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-17 | 2012-03-28 | ソニー株式会社 | ストリーム生成装置、撮像装置、およびストリーム生成方法 |
JP5216710B2 (ja) * | 2009-07-24 | 2013-06-19 | 日立コンシューマエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 復号化処理方法 |
JP2011199396A (ja) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-10-06 | Ntt Docomo Inc | 動画像予測符号化装置、動画像予測符号化方法、動画像予測符号化プログラム、動画像予測復号装置、動画像予測復号方法、及び動画像予測復号プログラム |
US9294757B1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-03-22 | Google Inc. | 3-dimensional videos of objects |
US11323754B2 (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2022-05-03 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods, devices, and systems for updating streaming panoramic video content due to a change in user viewpoint |
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CN100438632C (zh) * | 2006-06-23 | 2008-11-26 | 清华大学 | 一种交互式多视点视频的编码方法 |
RU2443074C2 (ru) * | 2006-07-06 | 2012-02-20 | Томсон Лайсенсинг | Способ и устройство для отделения номера кадра и/или счетчика очередности изображения (рос) для мультивидового видеокодирования и видеодекодирования |
US9641842B2 (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2017-05-02 | Thomson Licensing | Method and apparatus for decoupling frame number and/or picture order count (POC) for multi-view video encoding and decoding |
US10244231B2 (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2019-03-26 | Interdigital Vc Holdings, Inc. | Method and apparatus for decoupling frame number and/or picture order count (POC) for multi-view video encoding and decoding |
RU2458479C2 (ru) * | 2006-10-30 | 2012-08-10 | Ниппон Телеграф Энд Телефон Корпорейшн | Способ кодирования и способ декодирования видео, устройства для них, программы для них, а также носители хранения данных, которые сохраняют программы |
US8532190B2 (en) | 2006-10-30 | 2013-09-10 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Video encoding method and decoding method, apparatuses therefor, programs therefor, and storage media which store the programs |
US8654854B2 (en) | 2006-10-30 | 2014-02-18 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Video encoding method and decoding method, apparatuses therefor, programs therefor, and storage media which store the programs |
JP2008211417A (ja) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-09-11 | Fujitsu Ltd | 多視点動画像伝送システム |
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JPWO2006016418A1 (ja) | 2008-05-01 |
JP4638874B2 (ja) | 2011-02-23 |
US8155186B2 (en) | 2012-04-10 |
US20080317125A1 (en) | 2008-12-25 |
CN1998242A (zh) | 2007-07-11 |
CN1998242B (zh) | 2010-07-07 |
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