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WO2006066711A1 - Cooling circuit for a motor vehicle and control method therefor - Google Patents

Cooling circuit for a motor vehicle and control method therefor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006066711A1
WO2006066711A1 PCT/EP2005/012933 EP2005012933W WO2006066711A1 WO 2006066711 A1 WO2006066711 A1 WO 2006066711A1 EP 2005012933 W EP2005012933 W EP 2005012933W WO 2006066711 A1 WO2006066711 A1 WO 2006066711A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
retarder
coolant
combustion engine
internal combustion
cooling circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/012933
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Frank Steffens
Original Assignee
Daimlerchrysler Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimlerchrysler Ag filed Critical Daimlerchrysler Ag
Publication of WO2006066711A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006066711A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/20—Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/08—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels using fluid or powdered medium
    • B60T1/087—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels using fluid or powdered medium in hydrodynamic, i.e. non-positive displacement, retarders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F01P7/165—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control characterised by systems with two or more loops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
    • F01P2005/105—Using two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/06—Retarder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cooling circuit for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1, and a method for controlling a cooling circuit for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 4.
  • a conventional refrigeration cycle for a motor vehicle on which the preamble of claims 1 and 4 is based is known, for example, from EP 0 885 351 B1.
  • the cooling circuit is used in particular for cooling an internal combustion engine - and depending on the embodiment of the motor vehicle further components - with a coolant such as cooling water.
  • the coolant is pumped by a pump through the engine and thus through the entire cooling circuit.
  • a hydrodynamic retarder is provided, which if necessary exerts an additional braking torque on the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine.
  • the coolant of the internal combustion engine serves as the working medium of the retarder at the same time.
  • the cooling circuit further includes a valve upstream of the retarder in the flow direction of the coolant, which splits the total flow of the coolant in the cooling circuit into a first portion of coolant flowing past the retarder through the retarder bypass line and a second portion of coolant passing through the retarder ,
  • the coolant is passed through the retarder bypass line past the retarder and serves solely as a cooling medium.
  • the coolant is also passed through the retarder and serves both as a cooling medium and as a working medium of the retarder.
  • a cooling circuit in which the coolant pumping power achieved exclusively by a combustion engine in the flow direction of the coolant upstream retarder, d. H. is dispensed with a pump.
  • the retarder is associated with a special valve arrangement to switch the operation of the retarder between braking and engine operation.
  • the cooling circuit for a motor vehicle has an internal combustion engine; a pumping device for pumping a coolant by the internal combustion engine; a radiator for cooling the coolant; a retarder arranged in series with the internal combustion engine, the coolant of the internal combustion engine simultaneously serving as the working medium of the retarder; a retarder bypass line through which the coolant flows past the retarder; and switching means upstream of the retarder in the flow direction of the coolant for dividing the total flow of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle into a first portion of refrigerant flowing past the retarder through the retarder bypass line and a second portion of refrigerant flowing through the retarder , on .
  • the second coolant proportion is increased by the retarder and simultaneously reduces a braking power of the retarder.
  • the retarder can either be connected downstream of the internal combustion engine in the flow direction of the coolant.
  • the retarder under extreme operating conditions in engine operation which cause a high cooling load of the internal combustion engine, supports the coolant pumping power of the pumping device. It is therefore possible to have one Use pump device that is designed only for a standard operation of the motor vehicle and therefore smaller and less expensive, but still to ensure sufficient cooling of the engine even under extreme operating conditions in engine operation. In this case, it is also to be expected from a fuel economy, since the extreme operating conditions occur only rarely.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a refrigeration cycle for a motor vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the structure of a cooling circuit for a motor vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 illustrated cooling circuit is used for cooling an internal combustion engine 10 of a motor vehicle with retarder and possibly. further (not shown) motor vehicle components.
  • motor vehicle components For the sake of simplicity, only the components of the refrigeration cycle are shown in the schematic diagram, which are of importance for the present invention, the skilled artisan is based on the application documents j edoch but a problem for his own purposes can build appropriate complete cooling circuit with the advantages of the invention.
  • the refrigeration cycle includes a main circuit in which the engine 10, a retarder 22, a radiator 14 cooled by a fan 16, and a pumping device 12 are arranged in this order in the flow direction of the coolant.
  • the components mentioned are connected to each other by a coolant line through which the coolant is circulated by means of the pumping device 12. With the coolant line in a known manner further a surge tank (not shown) is connected.
  • a cooler bypass line 20 is provided which the outlet side of the retarder 22, bypassing the radiator 14 directly to the inlet side of the pumping device 12 and of the internal combustion engine 10.
  • a first switching valve 18 is arranged in the form of a thermostatic valve, which depends on the temperature of the coolant z. B. on the outlet side of the internal combustion engine 10 opens and closes.
  • the radiator bypass line 20 is blocked, ie the entire coolant flows through the radiator 14 and is cooled therein before it is supplied to the internal combustion engine.
  • the radiator bypass line 20 is open, ie, depending on the degree of opening of the thermostatic valve 18, at least part of the coolant flows past the radiator 14, so that the temperature of the internal combustion engine 10 supplied coolant, which results from mixing the coolant cooled by the radiator 14 and the coolant flowing past the radiator 14, can be adjusted according to the degree of opening of the thermostatic valve 18.
  • the coolant for the internal combustion engine 10 serves in a known manner at the same time as a working medium of the hydrodynamic retarder 22, which exerts an additional braking torque on the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 10, if necessary.
  • the cooling circuit further includes a retarder bypass line 26 through which the coolant flows past the retarder 22.
  • the retarder 22 is preceded in the flow direction of the coolant, a second switching valve 24, which is a switching device of the invention, the proportion of the total flow of the coolant in the cooling circuit in a first coolant, passing through the retarder bypass line 26 past the retarder 22, and divide a second refrigerant portion flowing through the retarder 22 according to a control signal supplied from a control unit (not shown).
  • the pumping device 12 may be designed in the cooling circuit according to the invention only for standard conditions, d. H. in particular smaller, lighter and less expensive to be designed as pumping devices for conventional suprappelause. In the case of extreme operating conditions in engine operation, which cause a high cooling load of the internal combustion engine 10, therefore, the pumping power of this pumping device 12 is no longer sufficient to sufficiently cool the internal combustion engine 10.
  • the second switching valve 24 can be controlled so that at least a portion of the coolant flows through the retarder.
  • the second coolant proportion is increased by the retarder 22.
  • the brake power of the retarder 22 is reduced by the control unit, so that the retarder in particular shows its known pumping action. In this way, the retarder 22 assists the pumping device 12, and a sufficient flow rate of the coolant through the engine 10 can be ensured.
  • the entire coolant is passed through the retarder 22 and minimizes the braking performance of the retarder 22.
  • the opening ratio of the second switching valve 24, d. H. the quantitative ratio of the first coolant portion through the retarder bypass line 26 to the second coolant portion through the retarder 22 and also the pumping action of the retarder 22 can thereby be optimally adjusted after the cooling load of the internal combustion engine 10.
  • the in Fig. 2 cooling circuit differs from the cooling circuit of the first embodiment described above only to the effect that the retarder 22 is not downstream of the engine 10 in the flow direction of the coolant, but upstream.
  • the rest of the construction of the cooling circuit is analogous j enem the cooling circuit of FIG. 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Transmission Of Braking Force In Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cooling circuit for a motor vehicle, comprising a combustion engine (10), a pump device (12) for pumping a coolant through the combustion engine (10), a cooler (14) for cooling the coolant, a retarder (22) that is disposed in series with the combustion engine (10), the coolant of the combustion engine being simultaneously used as a working medium of the retarder, a retarder bypass conduit (26) through which the coolant flows past the retarder (22), and a switching mechanism (24) which is mounted upstream from the retarder (22) in the direction of flow in order to divide the entire coolant flow in the cooling circuit into a first coolant portion that flows past the retarder (22) through the retarder bypass conduit (26) and a second coolant portion that flows through the retarder (22). The coolant portion flowing through the retarder (22) is increased while a braking power of the retarder (22) is reduced when the combustion engine (10) is operated at a great cooling load such that the retarder (22) supports the pump device (12).

Description

Kühlkreislauf für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Steuerungsverfahren dafür Cooling circuit for a motor vehicle and control method therefor
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Kühlkreislauf für ein Kraftfahrzeug nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 , sowie ein Verfahren zum Steuern eines Kühlkreislaufs für ein Kraftfahrzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 4.The present invention relates to a cooling circuit for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1, and a method for controlling a cooling circuit for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 4.
Ein herkömmlicher Kühlkreislauf für ein Kraftfahrzeug, auf dem der Oberbegriff der Ansprüche 1 und 4 basiert , ist zum Beispiel aus der EP 0 885 351 Bl bekannt . Der Kühlkreislauf dient insbesondere dem Kühlen eines Verbrennungsmotors - und j e nach Ausführungsart des Kraftfahrzeugs weiterer Komponenten - mit einem Kühlmittel wie beispielsweise Kühlwasser . Das Kühlmittel wird mittels einer Pumpe durch den Verbrennungsmotor und damit auch durch den gesamten Kühlkreislauf gepumpt . Dem Verbrennungsmotors in Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels vorgeschaltet ist ein hydrodynamischer Retarder vorgesehen, der bei Bedarf ein zusätzliches Bremsmoment auf die Kurbelwelle des Verbrennungsmotors ausübt . Dabei dient das Kühlmittel des Verbrennungsmotors gleichzeitig als Arbeitsmedium des Retarders . Ferner existiert wenigstens eine Retarder-Bypass- leitung, durch welche das Kühlmittel an dem Retarder vorbei geführt wird . Der Kühlkreislauf enthält ferner ein dem Retarder in Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels vorgeschaltetes Ventil , das den Gesamtstrom des Kühlmittels im Kühlkreislauf in einen ersten Kühlmittelanteil , der durch die Retarder-Bypassleitung an dem Retarder vorbei strömt , und einen zweiten Kühlmittelanteil , der durch den Retarder strömt , aufspaltet . Im Motorbetrieb bzw. Nicht-Bremsbetrieb wird das Kühlmittel durch die Retarder-Bypassleitung an dem Retarder vorbei geleitet und dient allein als Kühlmedium. Im Bremsbetrieb wird dagegen das Kühlmittel auch durch den Retarder geleitet und dient dabei sowohl als Kühlmedium als auch als Arbeitsmedium des Retarders .A conventional refrigeration cycle for a motor vehicle on which the preamble of claims 1 and 4 is based is known, for example, from EP 0 885 351 B1. The cooling circuit is used in particular for cooling an internal combustion engine - and depending on the embodiment of the motor vehicle further components - with a coolant such as cooling water. The coolant is pumped by a pump through the engine and thus through the entire cooling circuit. Upstream of the internal combustion engine in the direction of flow of the coolant, a hydrodynamic retarder is provided, which if necessary exerts an additional braking torque on the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. The coolant of the internal combustion engine serves as the working medium of the retarder at the same time. Furthermore, there is at least one retarder bypass line through which the coolant passes the retarder. The cooling circuit further includes a valve upstream of the retarder in the flow direction of the coolant, which splits the total flow of the coolant in the cooling circuit into a first portion of coolant flowing past the retarder through the retarder bypass line and a second portion of coolant passing through the retarder , In engine operation or non-braking operation, the coolant is passed through the retarder bypass line past the retarder and serves solely as a cooling medium. In braking mode, however, the coolant is also passed through the retarder and serves both as a cooling medium and as a working medium of the retarder.
Bei einem derartig aufgebauten Kühlkreislauf ist es erforderlich, die Pumpe so auszulegen, dass ihre Kühlmittelpumpleistung auch im Motorbetrieb bei extremen Betriebsbedingungen zur Kühlung des Verbrennungsmotors ausreichend ist .In such a constructed cooling circuit, it is necessary to design the pump so that its coolant pumping capacity is sufficient even during engine operation under extreme operating conditions for cooling the internal combustion engine.
Des weiteren ist zum Beispiel aus den Druckschriften DE 37 13 580 Cl , DE 44 08 349 C2 und DE 44 08 350 C2 ein Kühlkreislauf bekannt , in dem die Kühlmittelpumpleistung ausschließlich durch einen dem Verbrennungsmotor in Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels vorgeschalteten Retarder erzielt , d. h. auf eine Pumpe verzichtet wird. Hierzu ist dem Retarder eine spezielle Ventilanordnung zugeordnet , um den Betrieb des Retarders zwischen Bremsbetrieb und Motorbetrieb umzuschalten.Further, for example, from the publications DE 37 13 580 Cl, DE 44 08 349 C2 and DE 44 08 350 C2 a cooling circuit is known in which the coolant pumping power achieved exclusively by a combustion engine in the flow direction of the coolant upstream retarder, d. H. is dispensed with a pump. For this purpose, the retarder is associated with a special valve arrangement to switch the operation of the retarder between braking and engine operation.
Es ist eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Kühlkreislauf für ein Kraftfahrzeug sowie ein Steuerungsverfahren dafür vorzusehen, der bzw. das auch bei extremenIt is an object of the invention to provide a cooling circuit for a motor vehicle as well as a control method therefor, which is also at extreme
Betriebsbedingungen im Motorbetrieb eine ausreichende Kühlung des Verbrennungsmotors gewährleistet . Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Kühlkreislauf für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 bzw. ein Verfahren zum Steuern eines Kühlkreislaufs für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 4 gelöst . Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der j eweiligen Unteransprüche .Operating conditions in engine operation ensures adequate cooling of the engine. This object is achieved by a cooling circuit for a motor vehicle having the features of claim 1 and a method for controlling a cooling circuit for a motor vehicle having the features of claim 4. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are the subject of j subdivisions.
Der Kühlkreislauf für ein Kraftfahrzeug weist einen Verbrennungsmotor; eine Pumpvorrichtung zum Pumpen eines Kühlmittels durch den Verbrennungsmotor; einen Kühler zum Kühlen des Kühlmittels ; einen in Reihe mit dem Verbrennungsmotor angeordneten Retarder, wobei das Kühlmittel des Verbrennungsmotors gleichzeitig als Arbeitsmedium des Retarders dient ; eine Retarder-Bypassleitung, durch welche das Kühlmittel an dem Retarder vorbei strömt ; und eine Schalteinrichtung, die dem Retarder in Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels vorgeschaltet ist , um den Gesamtstrom des Kühlmittels im Kühlkreislauf in einen ersten Kühlmittelanteil , der durch die Retarder-Bypassleitung an dem Retarder vorbei strömt , und einen zweiten Kühlmittelanteil , der durch den Retarder strömt , aufzuteilen, auf . Im Betriebszustand einer hohen Kühllast des Verbrennungsmotors wird der zweite Kühlmittelanteil durch den Retarder vergrößert und gleichzeitig eine Bremsleistung des Retarders verringert .The cooling circuit for a motor vehicle has an internal combustion engine; a pumping device for pumping a coolant by the internal combustion engine; a radiator for cooling the coolant; a retarder arranged in series with the internal combustion engine, the coolant of the internal combustion engine simultaneously serving as the working medium of the retarder; a retarder bypass line through which the coolant flows past the retarder; and switching means upstream of the retarder in the flow direction of the coolant for dividing the total flow of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle into a first portion of refrigerant flowing past the retarder through the retarder bypass line and a second portion of refrigerant flowing through the retarder , on . In the operating state of a high cooling load of the internal combustion engine, the second coolant proportion is increased by the retarder and simultaneously reduces a braking power of the retarder.
Der Retarder kann dabei in Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels dem Verbrennungsmotor wahlweise entweder nachgeschaltet oder vorgeschaltet sein.The retarder can either be connected downstream of the internal combustion engine in the flow direction of the coolant.
Durch einen solchen Aufbau und eine solche Steuerung des Kühlkreislaufs unterstützt der Retarder bei extremen Betriebsbedingungen im Motorbetrieb, die eine hohe Kühllast des Verbrennungsmotors bewirken, die Kühlmittelpumpleistung der Pumpvorrichtung . Es ist daher möglich, eine Pumpvorrichtung einzusetzen, die nur für einen Standardbetrieb des Kraftfahrzeugs ausgelegt und daher kleiner und kostengünstiger ist , aber dennoch selbst bei extremen Betriebsbedingungen im Motorbetrieb eine ausreichende Kühlung des Verbrennungsmotors zu gewährleisten. Es ist in diesem Fall auch von einer Kraftstoffeinsparung auszugehen, da die extremen Betriebsbedingungen nur selten auftreten.By such a structure and control of the refrigeration cycle, the retarder under extreme operating conditions in engine operation, which cause a high cooling load of the internal combustion engine, supports the coolant pumping power of the pumping device. It is therefore possible to have one Use pump device that is designed only for a standard operation of the motor vehicle and therefore smaller and less expensive, but still to ensure sufficient cooling of the engine even under extreme operating conditions in engine operation. In this case, it is also to be expected from a fuel economy, since the extreme operating conditions occur only rarely.
Obige sowie weitere Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung sowie den Zeichnungen. Konkrete Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert . Dabei zeigen :The above and other features and combinations of features will become apparent from the description and the drawings. Concrete embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. Showing:
Fig . 1 eine schematische Darstellung des Aufbaus eines Kühlkreislaufs für ein Kraftfahrzeug gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung; undFig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a refrigeration cycle for a motor vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention; and
Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung des Aufbaus eines Kühlkreislaufs für ein Kraftfahrzeug gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung .Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the structure of a cooling circuit for a motor vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Der in Fig . 1 dargestellte Kühlkreislauf dient dem Kühlen eines Verbrennungsmotors 10 eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit Retarderfunktion sowie ggf . weiterer (nicht dargestellter) Kraftfahrzeugkomponenten. Der Einfachheit halber sind in der schematischen Darstellung nur die Komponenten des Kühlkreislaufs dargestellt , die für die vorliegende Erfindung von Bedeutung sind, der Fachmann wird anhand der Anmeldungsunterlagen j edoch problemlos einen für seine Zwecke geeigneten vollständigen Kühlkreislauf mit den erfindungsgemäßen Vorteilen aufbauen können.The in Fig. 1 illustrated cooling circuit is used for cooling an internal combustion engine 10 of a motor vehicle with retarder and possibly. further (not shown) motor vehicle components. For the sake of simplicity, only the components of the refrigeration cycle are shown in the schematic diagram, which are of importance for the present invention, the skilled artisan is based on the application documents j edoch but a problem for his own purposes can build appropriate complete cooling circuit with the advantages of the invention.
Der Kühlkreislauf enthält einen Hauptkreis, in dem der Verbrennungsmotor 10 , ein Retarder 22 , ein durch einen Lüfter 16 gekühlter Kühler 14 und eine Pumpvorrichtung 12 in dieser Reihenfolge in der Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels angeordnet sind. Die genannten Komponenten sind dabei durch eine Kühlmittelleitung miteinander verbunden, durch welche das Kühlmittel mittels der Pumpvorrichtung 12 zirkuliert wird . Mit der Kühlmittelleitung ist in bekannter Weise ferner ein Ausgleichsbehälter (nicht dargestellt) verbunden.The refrigeration cycle includes a main circuit in which the engine 10, a retarder 22, a radiator 14 cooled by a fan 16, and a pumping device 12 are arranged in this order in the flow direction of the coolant. The components mentioned are connected to each other by a coolant line through which the coolant is circulated by means of the pumping device 12. With the coolant line in a known manner further a surge tank (not shown) is connected.
Um zum Beispiel bei einem Kaltstart des Verbrennungsmotors 10 diesen möglichst schnell auf seine optimale Betriebstemperatur zu erwärmen, ist in dem Kühlkreislauf außerdem eine Kühler-Bypassleitung 20 vorgesehen, welche die Auslassseite des Retarders 22 unter Umgehung des Kühlers 14 direkt mit der Einlassseite der Pumpvorrichtung 12 bzw. des Verbrennungsmotors 10 verbindet . Zum Beispiel an dem Verbindungspunkt der Kühler-Bypassleitung 20 und der Verbindungsleitung zwischen der Auslassseite des Kühlers 14 und der Einlassseite der Pumpvorrichtung 12 ist ein erstes Schaltventil 18 in Form eines Thermostatventils angeordnet , das in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur des Kühlmittels z . B . an der Auslassseite des Verbrennungsmotors 10 öffnet und schließt . Bei geschlossenem Thermostatventil 13 ist die Kühler-Bypassleitung 20 gesperrt , d. h. das gesamte Kühlmittel strömt durch den Kühler 14 und wird in diesem gekühlt bevor es dem Verbrennungsmotor zugeführt wird. Bei geöffnetem Thermostatventil 18 hingegen ist die Kühler-Bypassleitung 20 geöffnet , d.h. je nach Öffnungsgrad des Thermostatventils 18 strömt wenigstens ein Teil des Kühlmittels an dem Kühler 14 vorbei , sodass die Temperatur des dem Verbrennungsmotor 10 zugeführten Kühlmittels , die sich aus einem Vermischen des durch den Kühler 14 gekühlten Kühlmittels und des an dem Kühler 14 vorbei geströmten Kühlmittels ergibt , entsprechend dem Öffnungsgrad des Thermostatventils 18 eingestellt werden kann.In order, for example, during a cold start of the internal combustion engine 10 as quickly as possible to heat to its optimum operating temperature, in the cooling circuit also a cooler bypass line 20 is provided which the outlet side of the retarder 22, bypassing the radiator 14 directly to the inlet side of the pumping device 12 and of the internal combustion engine 10. For example, at the connection point of the radiator bypass line 20 and the connecting line between the outlet side of the radiator 14 and the inlet side of the pumping device 12, a first switching valve 18 is arranged in the form of a thermostatic valve, which depends on the temperature of the coolant z. B. on the outlet side of the internal combustion engine 10 opens and closes. When the thermostatic valve 13 is closed, the radiator bypass line 20 is blocked, ie the entire coolant flows through the radiator 14 and is cooled therein before it is supplied to the internal combustion engine. When the thermostatic valve 18 is open, on the other hand, the radiator bypass line 20 is open, ie, depending on the degree of opening of the thermostatic valve 18, at least part of the coolant flows past the radiator 14, so that the temperature of the internal combustion engine 10 supplied coolant, which results from mixing the coolant cooled by the radiator 14 and the coolant flowing past the radiator 14, can be adjusted according to the degree of opening of the thermostatic valve 18.
Das Kühlmittel für den Verbrennungsmotor 10 dient in bekannter Weise gleichzeitig als Arbeitsmedium des hydrodynamischen Retarders 22 , der bei Bedarf ein zusätzliches Bremsmoment auf die Kurbelwelle des Verbrennungsmotors 10 ausübt .The coolant for the internal combustion engine 10 serves in a known manner at the same time as a working medium of the hydrodynamic retarder 22, which exerts an additional braking torque on the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 10, if necessary.
Der Kühlkreislauf enthält ferner eine Retarder-Bypassleitung 26 , durch welche das Kühlmittel an dem Retarder 22 vorbei strömt . Zudem ist dem Retarder 22 in Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels ein zweites Schaltventil 24 vorgeschaltet , das eine Schalteinrichtung der Erfindung ist , die den Gesamtstrom des Kühlmittels im Kühlkreislauf in einen ersten Kühlmittel- anteil , der durch die Retarder-Bypassleitung 26 an dem Retarder 22 vorbei strömt , und einen zweiten Kühlmittelanteil , der durch den Retarder 22 strömt , entsprechend einem von einer Steuereinheit (nicht dargestellt) zugeführten Steuersignal aufzuteilen .The cooling circuit further includes a retarder bypass line 26 through which the coolant flows past the retarder 22. In addition, the retarder 22 is preceded in the flow direction of the coolant, a second switching valve 24, which is a switching device of the invention, the proportion of the total flow of the coolant in the cooling circuit in a first coolant, passing through the retarder bypass line 26 past the retarder 22, and divide a second refrigerant portion flowing through the retarder 22 according to a control signal supplied from a control unit (not shown).
Im Motorbetrieb, d . h. insbesondere wenn keine zusätzliche Bremsleistung des Retarders 22 erforderlich ist , ist die Retarder-Bypassleitung 26 durch das zweite Schaltventil 24 im Wesentlichen vollständig geöffnet und der Kühlmittelström durch den Retarder 22 gesperrt . In diesem Fall strömt das gesamte Kühlmittel an dem Retarder 22 vorbei , d. h. der erste Kühlmittelanteil ist maximiert , um eine möglichst geringe Verlustleistung des Kühlmittels durch den Kühlkreislauf zu erreichen. Die Pumpvorrichtung 12 kann bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kühlkreislauf nur für Standardbedingungen ausgelegt sein, d . h. insbesondere kleiner, leichter und kostengünstiger als Pumpvorrichtungen für herkömmliche Kühlkreislause ausgebildet sein. Im Fall von extremen Betriebsbedingungen im Motorbetrieb, die eine hohe Kühllast des Verbrennungsmotors 10 bewirken, ist daher die Pumpleistung dieser Pumpvorrichtung 12 nicht mehr ausreichend, um den Verbrennungsmotor 10 genügend zu kühlen.In engine operation, d. H. In particular, if no additional braking power of the retarder 22 is required, the retarder bypass line 26 is substantially completely opened by the second switching valve 24 and the Kühlmittelström blocked by the retarder 22. In this case, the entire coolant flows past the retarder 22, ie, the first coolant portion is maximized to achieve the lowest possible power loss of the coolant through the cooling circuit. The pumping device 12 may be designed in the cooling circuit according to the invention only for standard conditions, d. H. in particular smaller, lighter and less expensive to be designed as pumping devices for conventional Kühlkreislause. In the case of extreme operating conditions in engine operation, which cause a high cooling load of the internal combustion engine 10, therefore, the pumping power of this pumping device 12 is no longer sufficient to sufficiently cool the internal combustion engine 10.
Bei extremen Betriebsbedingungen kann daher gemäß der Erfindung durch die Steuereinheit (nicht dargestellt) das zweite Schaltventil 24 so angesteuert werden, dass zumindest ein Teil des Kühlmittels durch den Retarder strömt . Mit anderen Worten wird der zweite Kühlmittelanteil durch den Retarder 22 vergrößert . Gleichzeitig wird durch die Steuereinheit die Bremsleistung des Retarders 22 verringert, sodass der Retarder insbesondere seine bekanntermaßen vorhandene Pumpwirkung zeigt . Auf diese Weise unterstützt der Retarder 22 die Pumpvorrichtung 12 und es kann eine ausreichende Strömungsrate des Kühlmittels durch den Verbrennungsmotor 10 sichergestellt werden. Im Extremfall wird das gesamte Kühlmittel durch den Retarder 22 geleitet und die Bremsleistung des Retarders 22 minimiert .Under extreme operating conditions, therefore, according to the invention by the control unit (not shown), the second switching valve 24 can be controlled so that at least a portion of the coolant flows through the retarder. In other words, the second coolant proportion is increased by the retarder 22. At the same time, the brake power of the retarder 22 is reduced by the control unit, so that the retarder in particular shows its known pumping action. In this way, the retarder 22 assists the pumping device 12, and a sufficient flow rate of the coolant through the engine 10 can be ensured. In extreme cases, the entire coolant is passed through the retarder 22 and minimizes the braking performance of the retarder 22.
Das Öffnungsverhältnis des zweiten Schaltventils 24 , d. h. das Mengenverhältnis des ersten Kühlmittelanteils durch die Retarder-Bypassleitung 26 zu dem zweiten Kühlmittelanteil durch den Retarder 22 und auch die Pumpwirkung des Retarders 22 können dabei j e nach der Kühllast des Verbrennungsmotors 10 optimal eingestellt werden.The opening ratio of the second switching valve 24, d. H. the quantitative ratio of the first coolant portion through the retarder bypass line 26 to the second coolant portion through the retarder 22 and also the pumping action of the retarder 22 can thereby be optimally adjusted after the cooling load of the internal combustion engine 10.
Da die extremen Betriebsbedingungen, die ein Zuschalten der Pumpwirkung des Retarders 22 zu der Pumpvorrichtung 12 erfordern, ist außerdem mit einer Kraftstoffeinsparung für den Kühlkreislauf zu rechnen.Since the extreme operating conditions, the switching of the pumping action of the retarder 22 to the pumping device 12 In addition, fuel economy for the cooling circuit can be expected.
Unter Bezugnahme auf Fig . 2 wird nun ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung erläutert .With reference to FIG. 2, a second embodiment of the invention will now be explained.
Der in Fig . 2 dargestellte Kühlkreislauf unterscheidet sich von dem Kühlkreislauf des oben beschriebenen ersten Ausführungsbeispiels nur dahingehend, dass der Retarder 22 dem Verbrennungsmotor 10 in Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels nicht nachgeschaltet , sondern vorgeschaltet ist . Der übrige Aufbau des Kühlkreislaufs ist analog j enem des Kühlkreislaufs von Fig . 1.The in Fig. 2 cooling circuit differs from the cooling circuit of the first embodiment described above only to the effect that the retarder 22 is not downstream of the engine 10 in the flow direction of the coolant, but upstream. The rest of the construction of the cooling circuit is analogous j enem the cooling circuit of FIG. 1.
Wie für den Fachmann leicht ersichtlich, können mit dem Kühlkreislauf , wie er in Fig . 2 veranschaulicht ist , die gleichen Vorteile wie bei dem Kühlkreislauf des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels erzielt werden, falls die Ansteuerung des zweiten Schaltventils 24 und des Retarders 22 durch die Steuereinheit (nicht dargestellt) in entsprechender Weise erfolgt . As will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, with the cooling circuit as shown in FIG. 2, the same advantages as in the refrigeration cycle of the first embodiment are achieved if the control of the second switching valve 24 and the retarder 22 by the control unit (not shown) is carried out in a corresponding manner.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Kühlkreislauf für ein Kraftfahrzeug, mit einem Verbrennungsmotor (10) ; einer Pumpvorrichtung (12) zum Pumpen eines Kühlmittels durch den Verbrennungsmotor (10) ; einem Kühler (14) zum Kühlen des Kühlmittels ; einem in Reihe mit dem Verbrennungsmotor (10) angeordneten Retarder (22 ) , wobei das Kühlmittel des Verbrennungsmotors gleichzeitig als Arbeitsmedium des Retarders dient ; einer Retarder-Bypassleitung (26) , durch welche das Kühlmittel an dem Retarder (22 ) vorbei strömt ; und einer Schalteinrichtung (24) , die dem Retarder (22) in Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels vorgeschaltet ist , um den Gesamtstrom des Kühlmittels im Kühlkreislauf in einen ersten Kühlmittelanteil , der durch die Retarder- Bypassleitung (26) an dem Retarder (22) vorbei strömt , und einen zweiten Kühlmittelanteil , der durch den Retarder (22) strömt , aufzuteilen, dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass im Betriebszustand einer hohen Kühllast des Verbrennungsmotors (10) der zweite Kühlmittelanteil durch den Retarder (22 ) vergrößert und gleichzeitig eine Bremsleistung des Retarders (22) verringert wird. 1. Cooling circuit for a motor vehicle, with an internal combustion engine (10); a pumping device (12) for pumping a coolant through the internal combustion engine (10); a radiator (14) for cooling the coolant; a retarder (22) arranged in series with the internal combustion engine (10), the coolant of the internal combustion engine simultaneously serving as the working medium of the retarder; a retarder bypass line (26) through which the coolant flows past the retarder (22); and a switching device (24), which is connected upstream of the retarder (22) in the direction of flow of the coolant, to convert the total flow of the coolant in the cooling circuit into a first coolant portion which flows past the retarder (22) through the retarder bypass line (26). and a second coolant portion flowing through the retarder (22), characterized in that in the operating state of a high cooling load of the internal combustion engine (10), the second coolant proportion through the retarder (22) increases and simultaneously reduces a braking power of the retarder (22) becomes.
2. Kühlkreislauf nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass der Retarder (22) in Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels dem Verbrennungsmotor (10) nachgeschaltet ist .2. Cooling circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the retarder (22) in the flow direction of the coolant to the internal combustion engine (10) is connected downstream.
3. Kühlkreislauf nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass der Retarder (22) in Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels dem Verbrennungsmotor (10) vorgeschaltet ist .3. Cooling circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the retarder (22) in the flow direction of the coolant to the internal combustion engine (10) is connected upstream.
4. Verfahren zum Steuern eines Kühlkreislaufs für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Verbrennungsmotor (10) ; einer Pumpvorrichtung (12) zum Pumpen eines Kühlmittels durch den Verbrennungsmotor (10) ; einem Kühler (14) zum Kühlen des Kühlmittels ; einem in Reihe mit dem Verbrennungsmotor (10 ) angeordneten Retarder (22 ) , wobei das Kühlmittel des Verbrennungsmotors gleichzeitig als Arbeitsmedium des Retarders dient ; einer Retarder-Bypassleitung (26) , durch welche das Kühlmittel an dem Retarder (22) vorbei strömt ; und einer Schalteinrichtung (24) , die dem Retarder (22 ) in Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels vorgeschaltet ist , um den Gesamtstrom des Kühlmittels im Kühlkreislauf in einen ersten Kühlmittelanteil , der durch die Retarder- Bypassleitung (26) an dem Retarder (22) vorbei strömt , und einen zweiten Kühlmittelanteil , der durch den Retarder (22 ) strömt , aufzuteilen, dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass im Betriebszustand einer hohen Kühllast des Verbrennungsmotors (10) der zweite Kühlmittelanteil durch den Retarder (22) vergrößert und gleichzeitig eine Bremsleistung des Retarders (22 ) verringert wird .4. A method for controlling a refrigeration cycle for a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine (10); a pumping device (12) for pumping a coolant through the internal combustion engine (10); a radiator (14) for cooling the coolant; a retarder (22) arranged in series with the internal combustion engine (10), the coolant of the internal combustion engine simultaneously serving as the working medium of the retarder; a retarder bypass line (26) through which the coolant flows past the retarder (22); and a switching device (24), which is connected upstream of the retarder (22) in the direction of flow of the coolant, to convert the total flow of the coolant in the cooling circuit into a first coolant portion which flows past the retarder (22) through the retarder bypass line (26). and a second coolant portion, which flows through the retarder (22) to split, characterized in that in the operating state of a high cooling load of the internal combustion engine (10) of the second coolant portion through the retarder (22) increases and at the same time a braking power of the retarder (22) is reduced.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 , dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass der Retarder (22 ) in Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels dem Verbrennungsmotor (10) nachgeschaltet oder vorgeschaltet ist . 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the retarder (22) in the flow direction of the coolant downstream of the internal combustion engine (10) or upstream.
PCT/EP2005/012933 2004-12-21 2005-12-02 Cooling circuit for a motor vehicle and control method therefor WO2006066711A1 (en)

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