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WO2006051059A1 - Method for diagnosing faults - Google Patents

Method for diagnosing faults Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006051059A1
WO2006051059A1 PCT/EP2005/055719 EP2005055719W WO2006051059A1 WO 2006051059 A1 WO2006051059 A1 WO 2006051059A1 EP 2005055719 W EP2005055719 W EP 2005055719W WO 2006051059 A1 WO2006051059 A1 WO 2006051059A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
error
units
determined
chain
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/055719
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Holger Ahmels
Ralf Beyer
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to EP05808035A priority Critical patent/EP1810097A1/en
Publication of WO2006051059A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006051059A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
    • G05B23/0218—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterised by the fault detection method dealing with either existing or incipient faults
    • G05B23/0243—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterised by the fault detection method dealing with either existing or incipient faults model based detection method, e.g. first-principles knowledge model
    • G05B23/0245—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterised by the fault detection method dealing with either existing or incipient faults model based detection method, e.g. first-principles knowledge model based on a qualitative model, e.g. rule based; if-then decisions
    • G05B23/0251—Abstraction hierarchy, e.g. "complex systems", i.e. system is divided in subsystems, subsystems are monitored and results are combined to decide on status of whole system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
    • G01R31/2832—Specific tests of electronic circuits not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/2836—Fault-finding or characterising
    • G01R31/2846—Fault-finding or characterising using hard- or software simulation or using knowledge-based systems, e.g. expert systems, artificial intelligence or interactive algorithms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for fault diagnosis in a system, in particular in a track-bound vehicle.
  • Such a track-bound vehicle is, for example, a rail vehicle.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for fault diagnosis, which works quickly and reliably ⁇ tet and yet is not expensive.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that the smallest exchangeable units of the system are determined, that it is determined how these units interact with each other and that from this a chain of action with Wirkrichtun ⁇ gen is determined that in the direction of action with the first Ein ⁇
  • the function of the units arranged in front of each unit is checked, starting after each unit, that, if an error is detected for the first time, the check is aborted and an error is diagnosed in the last unit of the previously checked chain of effects and if no error is detected , it is diagnosed that the system is faultless.
  • the advantage is achieved that at a very early stage, an error can be diagnosed, because does not have to wait until all units have been checked. Even after the first error message, the defective unit can be named immediately. Just by the appropriate Ab ⁇ sequence of function checks an error is faster and more reliable than previously recognized and even to locate.
  • the units may e.g. Transformers or Sich réellesau ⁇ tomatoes. It can also form various components as units an impact chain.
  • the effect of chain at least one Ver ⁇ branching on.
  • a check is made behind each of the units in the branches of the branch, while the check immediately before the branch is used for both branches.
  • the principle of Starbucksdiag ⁇ nose is advantageous in a multiply branched Wir ⁇ kungskette in the same way quickly and reliably effetzu ⁇ lead.
  • an error in ei ⁇ ner unit of errors detected is compared with previously-perfect on this unit and stored errors to diagnose and when a match is learned from the earlier diagnosis.
  • the drawing shows schematically a plant, in particular a track-guided vehicle, which ren from four smallest thio units 1 to 4 is composed.
  • These units 1 to 4 are eg transformers or circuit breakers.
  • the units 1 to 4 form a chain of action with ⁇ th indicated by arrows ⁇ th directions of action 5 to 10.
  • the unit 2 acts both on the unit 3 and on the unit 4, so that the arrows of the directions of action 7 and 8 both from the unit 2 go out. It is therefore enter a branch of the results chain ge ⁇ .
  • Diagnostic units 11 to 14 are arranged behind the units 1 to 4 in the effective direction 5 to 10, so that they can check the function of the preceding units 1 to 4.
  • the inspection begins in this direction of action behind 6 of the first unit 1 to the first diagnostic unit 11. If the first diagnostic unit 11 notices no error and the second diagnostic unit 12 indicates an error, has the second A unit 2 ⁇ defective. Accordingly, if the second diagnostic unit 12 does not display an error but the third diagnostic unit 13 indicates an error, the third unit 3 must be defective. If was already provides a fault within the functional chain Festge ⁇ , the measurements are the following Diagnoseein ⁇ units 11 to 14 no longer necessary, as this then the same mistake would even notice. The diagnostic procedure is only continued if a detected error has been eliminated. The fault diagnosis is more effective than in known methods.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Test And Diagnosis Of Digital Computers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for diagnosing faults in a system, particularly in a track-bound vehicle. The invention provides that the smallest exchangeable units (1 to 4) of the system are determined. Then it is determined how these units (1 to 4) act upon one another and, from this, a functional chain with effective directions (5 to 10) is established. By starting with the first unit (1) of the functional chain and following an effective direction (5 to 10), an e.g. diagnostic unit (11 to 14) checks, behind each unit (1 to 4), the function of the units (1 to 4) respectively located in front. The first time a fault is identified, the checking is interrupted and a fault in the last unit (1 to 4) of the functional chain to have been checked is diagnosed. When no fault has been identified, the system is diagnosed as being fault-free.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Verfahren zur FehlerdiagnoseProcedure for fault diagnosis
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Fehlerdiagnose in einer Anlage, insbesondere in einem spurgebundenen Fahrzeug.The invention relates to a method for fault diagnosis in a system, in particular in a track-bound vehicle.
Ein solches spurgebundenes Fahrzeug ist beispielsweise ein Schienenfahrzeug.Such a track-bound vehicle is, for example, a rail vehicle.
Anlagen, insbesondere spurgebundene Fahrzeuge, werden regel¬ mäßig auf ihre Funktionstüchtigkeit hin überprüft. Dazu wird eine Fehlerdiagnose durchgeführt, die jede einzelne Steuer¬ einheit separat überprüft. Um den Aufwand zu verkleinern, ist bereits vorgeschlagen worden, nach besonderen Fehlertypen zu suchen oder ein mathematisches Modell der Fehlerdiagnose zu erstellen. Ein solches Modell ist jedoch aufwändig.Systems, especially track-bound vehicles are regularly checked ¬ default on their ability to function out. For this purpose, a fault diagnosis is performed, which checks each individual control ¬ unit separately. In order to reduce the complexity, it has already been proposed to search for particular types of errors or to create a mathematical model of the error diagnosis. However, such a model is expensive.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Fehlerdiagnose anzugeben, das schnell und zuverlässig arbei¬ tet und trotzdem nicht aufwändig ist.The invention has for its object to provide a method for fault diagnosis, which works quickly and reliably ¬ tet and yet is not expensive.
Die Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass die kleinsten austauschbaren Einheiten der Anlage bestimmt wer- den, dass festgelegt wird, wie diese Einheiten aufeinander einwirken und dass daraus eine Wirkungskette mit Wirkrichtun¬ gen festgelegt wird, dass in Wirkrichtung mit der ersten Ein¬ heit der Wirkungskette beginnend hinter jeder Einheit die Funktion der davor angeordneten Einheiten überprüft wird, dass, wenn erstmals ein Fehler erkannt wird, die Überprüfung abgebrochen wird und ein Fehler in der letzten Einheit der bisher überprüften Wirkungskette diagnostiziert wird und dass, wenn kein Fehler erkannt wird, diagnostiziert wird, dass die Anlage fehlerfrei ist.The object is achieved according to the invention in that the smallest exchangeable units of the system are determined, that it is determined how these units interact with each other and that from this a chain of action with Wirkrichtun ¬ gen is determined that in the direction of action with the first Ein¬ The function of the units arranged in front of each unit is checked, starting after each unit, that, if an error is detected for the first time, the check is aborted and an error is diagnosed in the last unit of the previously checked chain of effects and if no error is detected , it is diagnosed that the system is faultless.
Damit wird der Vorteil erzielt, dass zu einem sehr frühen Zeitpunkt bereits ein Fehler diagnostiziert werden kann, weil nicht abgewartet werden muss, bis alle Einheiten überprüft sind. Schon nach der ersten Fehlermeldung kann sofort die de¬ fekte Einheit genannt werden. Allein durch die geeignete Ab¬ folge der Funktionsüberprüfungen ist ein Fehler schneller und zuverlässiger als bisher zu erkennen und sogar zu orten.Thus, the advantage is achieved that at a very early stage, an error can be diagnosed, because does not have to wait until all units have been checked. Even after the first error message, the defective unit can be named immediately. Just by the appropriate Ab ¬ sequence of function checks an error is faster and more reliable than previously recognized and even to locate.
Die Einheiten können z.B. Transformatoren oder Sicherungsau¬ tomaten sein. Es können auch verschiedenartige Bauelemente als Einheiten eine Wirkungskette bilden.The units may e.g. Transformers or Sicherungsau¬ tomatoes. It can also form various components as units an impact chain.
Beispielsweise weist die Wirkungskette mindestens eine Ver¬ zweigung auf. In diesem Fall wird hinter jeder der Einheiten in den Zweigen der Verzweigung eine Überprüfung vorgenommen, während die Überprüfung unmittelbar vor der Verzweigung für beide Zweige Verwendung findet. Das Prinzip der Fehlerdiag¬ nose ist vorteilhaft auch in einer mehrfach verzweigten Wir¬ kungskette in gleicher Weise schnell und zuverlässig durchzu¬ führen.For example, the effect of chain at least one Ver ¬ branching on. In this case, a check is made behind each of the units in the branches of the branch, while the check immediately before the branch is used for both branches. The principle of Fehlerdiag ¬ nose is advantageous in a multiply branched Wir¬ kungskette in the same way quickly and reliably durchzu ¬ lead.
Beispielsweise wird zum Diagnostizieren eines Fehlers in ei¬ ner Einheit der erkannte Fehler mit an dieser Einheit früher vorgekommenen und abgespeicherten Fehlern verglichen und bei einer Übereinstimmung wird aus der früheren Diagnose gelernt.For example, an error in ei ¬ ner unit of errors detected is compared with previously-perfect on this unit and stored errors to diagnose and when a match is learned from the earlier diagnosis.
Damit ist zum Beispiel gemeint, dass die Wahrscheinlichkeit für einen Ausfall der Einheit aufgrund der früheren Diagnose angepasst bzw. korrigiert wird.By this is meant, for example, that the probability of a unit failure due to the earlier diagnosis is adjusted or corrected.
Damit wird der zusätzliche Vorteil erzielt, dass die Fehler- art schnell zu bestimmen ist.This provides the additional advantage that the type of error can be determined quickly.
Beispielsweise können nach der Fehlerdiagnose aus geeigneten Datenspeichern Teilekosten oder Werkzeugkosten oder Arbeits¬ zeiten ermittelt werden. Dadurch ist vorteilhaft ein Konzept zum Beheben des Fehlers möglich. Mit dem Verfahren zur Fehlerdiagnose nach der Erfindung wird insbesondere der Vorteil erzielt, dass keine aufwändigen ma¬ thematischen Modelle und auch kein aufwändiger apparativer Aufbau notwendig sind.For example, after the fault diagnosis, parts costs or tool costs or working times can be determined from suitable data memories. As a result, a concept for correcting the error is advantageously possible. With the method for fault diagnosis according to the invention, in particular, the advantage is achieved that no complex ma ¬ thematic models and no complex apparatus construction are necessary.
Das Verfahren nach der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert :The method according to the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing:
Die Zeichnung zeigt schematisch eine Anlage, insbesondere ein spurgebundenes Fahrzeug, das aus vier kleinsten austauschba¬ ren Einheiten 1 bis 4 besteht. Diese Einheiten 1 bis 4 sind z.B. Transformatoren oder Sicherungsautomaten. Die Einheiten 1 bis 4 bilden eine Wirkungskette mit durch Pfeile angedeute¬ ten Wirkrichtungen 5 bis 10. Die Einheit 2 wirkt dabei sowohl auf die Einheit 3 als auch auf die Einheit 4 ein, so dass die Pfeile der Wirkrichtungen 7 und 8 beide von der Einheit 2 ausgehen. Es ist also eine Verzweigung der Wirkungskette ge¬ geben.The drawing shows schematically a plant, in particular a track-guided vehicle, which ren from four smallest austauschba ¬ units 1 to 4 is composed. These units 1 to 4 are eg transformers or circuit breakers. The units 1 to 4 form a chain of action with ¬ th indicated by arrows ¬ th directions of action 5 to 10. The unit 2 acts both on the unit 3 and on the unit 4, so that the arrows of the directions of action 7 and 8 both from the unit 2 go out. It is therefore enter a branch of the results chain ge ¬.
Diagnoseeinheiten 11 bis 14 sind in Wirkrichtung 5 bis 10 je¬ weils hinter den Einheiten 1 bis 4 angeordnet, so dass sie die Funktion der vorangestellten Einheiten 1 bis 4 überprüfen können.Diagnostic units 11 to 14 are arranged behind the units 1 to 4 in the effective direction 5 to 10, so that they can check the function of the preceding units 1 to 4.
Die Überprüfung beginnt dabei in Wirkrichtung 6 hinter der ersten Einheit 1 mit der ersten Diagnoseeinheit 11. Falls die erste Diagnoseeinheit 11 keinen Fehler bemerkt und die zweite Diagnoseeinheit 12 einen Fehler anzeigt, muss die zweite Ein¬ heit 2 defekt sein. Entsprechend muss, wenn die zweite Diag- noseeinheit 12 keinen Fehler aber die dritte Diagnoseeinheit 13 einen Fehler anzeigt die dritte Einheit 3 defekt sein. Falls bereits ein Fehler innerhalb der Wirkungskette festge¬ stellt wurde, sind die Messungen der folgenden Diagnoseein¬ heiten 11 bis 14 nicht mehr notwendig, da diese dann den gleichen Fehler auch bemerken würden. Es wird das Diagnoseverfahren erst dann fortgeführt, wenn ein erkannter Fehler behoben ist. Die Fehlerdiagnose läuft effek¬ tiver als bei bekannten Verfahren ab. Be the inspection begins in this direction of action behind 6 of the first unit 1 to the first diagnostic unit 11. If the first diagnostic unit 11 notices no error and the second diagnostic unit 12 indicates an error, has the second A unit 2 ¬ defective. Accordingly, if the second diagnostic unit 12 does not display an error but the third diagnostic unit 13 indicates an error, the third unit 3 must be defective. If was already provides a fault within the functional chain Festge ¬, the measurements are the following Diagnoseein¬ units 11 to 14 no longer necessary, as this then the same mistake would even notice. The diagnostic procedure is only continued if a detected error has been eliminated. The fault diagnosis is more effective than in known methods.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Fehlerdiagnose in einer Anlage, insbesondere in einem spurgebundenen Fahrzeug, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die kleinsten austauschbaren Einheiten (1 bis 4) der An¬ lage bestimmt werden, dass festgelegt wird, wie diese Einhei¬ ten (1 bis 4) aufeinander einwirken und dass daraus eine Wir¬ kungskette mit Wirkrichtungen (5 bis 10) festgelegt wird, dass in Wirkrichtung (5 bis 10) mit der ersten Einheit (1) der Wirkungskette beginnend hinter jeder Einheit (1 bis 4) die Funktion der davor angeordneten Einheiten (1 bis 4) über¬ prüft wird, dass, wenn erstmals ein Fehler erkannt wird, die Überprüfung abgebrochen wird und ein Fehler in der letzten Einheit (1 bis 4) der bisher überprüften Wirkungskette diag- nostiziert wird und dass, wenn kein Fehler erkannt wird, di¬ agnostiziert wird, dass die Anlage fehlerfrei ist.1. A method for fault diagnosis in a system, in particular in a track-bound vehicle, characterized in that the smallest exchangeable units (1 to 4) of the An¬ be determined that it is determined how these Einhei ¬ th (1 to 4) to each other acting and that from a Wir¬ kungskette with effective directions (5 to 10) is determined that in the direction of action (5 to 10) with the first unit (1) of the chain of effects starting behind each unit (1 to 4) the function of the previously arranged units (1 to 4) it is checked that if an error is detected for the first time, the check is aborted and an error is diagnosed in the last unit (1 to 4) of the previously examined chain of effects and if no error is detected is, is ¬ agnostiziert that the system is error-free.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wirkungskette mindestens eine Verzweigung aufweist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the chain of effects has at least one branch.
3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Diagnostizieren eines Feh¬ lers in einer Einheit (1 bis 4) der erkannte Fehler mit an dieser Einheit (1 bis 4) früher vorgekommenen und abgespei¬ cherten Fehlern verglichen wird und dass bei einer Überein¬ stimmung aus der früheren Diagnose gelernt wird. 3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that for diagnosing a Fever lers in a unit (1 to 4) of the detected error is compared with this unit (1 to 4) earlier occurred and stored chererten errors and that, in the case of a match, it is learned from the earlier diagnosis.
PCT/EP2005/055719 2004-11-12 2005-11-03 Method for diagnosing faults WO2006051059A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05808035A EP1810097A1 (en) 2004-11-12 2005-11-03 Method for diagnosing faults

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004054741.6 2004-11-12
DE200410054741 DE102004054741A1 (en) 2004-11-12 2004-11-12 Procedure for fault diagnosis

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006051059A1 true WO2006051059A1 (en) 2006-05-18

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2005/055719 WO2006051059A1 (en) 2004-11-12 2005-11-03 Method for diagnosing faults

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1810097A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102004054741A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006051059A1 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0364151A2 (en) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-18 Texas Instruments Incorporated Automated diagnostic system
DE19523483A1 (en) * 1995-06-28 1997-01-02 Daimler Benz Ag Computer-aided fault diagnosis device for a complex technical system
WO1997006474A1 (en) * 1995-08-09 1997-02-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method of analysing process signals in a technical installation, especially a power station
US20030018600A1 (en) * 2001-03-20 2003-01-23 Jammu Vinay Bhaskar Learning method and apparatus for causal network
WO2003079127A1 (en) * 2002-03-18 2003-09-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for representing the dependencies of components of a technical installation

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0364151A2 (en) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-18 Texas Instruments Incorporated Automated diagnostic system
DE19523483A1 (en) * 1995-06-28 1997-01-02 Daimler Benz Ag Computer-aided fault diagnosis device for a complex technical system
WO1997006474A1 (en) * 1995-08-09 1997-02-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method of analysing process signals in a technical installation, especially a power station
US20030018600A1 (en) * 2001-03-20 2003-01-23 Jammu Vinay Bhaskar Learning method and apparatus for causal network
WO2003079127A1 (en) * 2002-03-18 2003-09-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for representing the dependencies of components of a technical installation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1810097A1 (en) 2007-07-25
DE102004054741A1 (en) 2006-06-22

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