WO2005117070A2 - Oberflächenemittierendes halbleiterlaserbauelement mit einer vertikalen emissionsrichtung - Google Patents
Oberflächenemittierendes halbleiterlaserbauelement mit einer vertikalen emissionsrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005117070A2 WO2005117070A2 PCT/DE2005/000791 DE2005000791W WO2005117070A2 WO 2005117070 A2 WO2005117070 A2 WO 2005117070A2 DE 2005000791 W DE2005000791 W DE 2005000791W WO 2005117070 A2 WO2005117070 A2 WO 2005117070A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- semiconductor laser
- laser component
- semiconductor
- contact layer
- component according
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18386—Details of the emission surface for influencing the near- or far-field, e.g. a grating on the surface
- H01S5/18394—Apertures, e.g. defined by the shape of the upper electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0425—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure
- H01S5/04252—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the material
- H01S5/04253—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the material having specific optical properties, e.g. transparent electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
- H01S2301/18—Semiconductor lasers with special structural design for influencing the near- or far-field
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/106—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/108—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using non-linear optical devices, e.g. exhibiting Brillouin or Raman scattering
- H01S3/109—Frequency multiplication, e.g. harmonic generation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/0206—Substrates, e.g. growth, shape, material, removal or bonding
- H01S5/0215—Bonding to the substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/0206—Substrates, e.g. growth, shape, material, removal or bonding
- H01S5/0217—Removal of the substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/14—External cavity lasers
- H01S5/141—External cavity lasers using a wavelength selective device, e.g. a grating or etalon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18355—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a defined polarisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18386—Details of the emission surface for influencing the near- or far-field, e.g. a grating on the surface
Definitions
- the invention relates to a surface-emitting semiconductor laser component, in particular an electrically pumped semiconductor laser component, with a vertical emission direction, which is provided for generating laser radiation by means of an optical resonator, and a semiconductor body with a semiconductor layer sequence, which has a lateral main direction of extension and one intended for generating radiation active zone, u summarizes.
- the pump current is often injected into the semiconductor body via a current spreading layer from the n-conducting side of the semiconductor body.
- a current spreading layer For example, layers of III-V semiconductor materials, such as n-GaAs, are used for this purpose.
- Such current spreading layers often also have a low conductivity, often comparable to that of the semiconductor body, in the lateral direction or absorb the radiation generated in the active zone. Because of the low conductivity, such a current spreading layer often has to be made with a high thickness for efficient current injection, but this increases the radiation power absorbed in the current spreading layer. Overall, the risk of a reduction in efficiency of the semiconductor laser component is increased due to the low conductivity in the lateral direction and / or the absorption.
- the invention is based on the object of specifying an improved surface-emitting semiconductor laser component.
- a surface-emitting semiconductor laser component according to the invention with a vertical emission direction which is provided for generating laser radiation by means of an external optical resonator, comprises a semiconductor body with a semiconductor layer sequence which has a lateral main direction of extension and an active zone provided for generating radiation, a radiation-transmissive inside the resonator Arranged contact layer and is electrically conductively connected to the semiconductor body.
- the semiconductor laser component is preferably electrically pumped by means of the radiation-permeable contact layer.
- the current spreading layer can thereby advantageously be reduced, which has an advantageous effect on the efficiency and / or the laser activity threshold of the component.
- an absorbing current spreading layer which has a lower transmission than the contact layer, can be provided in addition to the radiation-permeable contact layer.
- the thickness of this current spreading layer can advantageously be reduced compared to conventional semiconductor laser components.
- the conductivity of the contact layer in the lateral direction is preferably so high that a homogeneous current injection of the pump current into the semiconductor body is made possible by means of the contact layer.
- the contact layer particularly preferably has a conductivity or structure in the lateral direction such that the lateral pump current density is greater over the central region of the semiconductor body than over the edge region of the semiconductor body, via which the current is preferably impressed into the contact layer.
- the lateral pump current density can essentially have a quasi-Gaussian profile with a maximum in the central region, starting from the maximum of comparatively flat flanks in the central region and steeper flanks in the edge region.
- a pump current density distribution in the central region above the semiconductor body which is essentially homogeneous in the lateral direction can be achieved over a comparatively high lateral region, for example with a lateral extent of 10-10000 ⁇ m, preferably 100 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m or 100 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m ,
- the contact layer is furthermore preferably arranged on the semiconductor body. In this way, an advantageously efficient current injection into the semiconductor body can be achieved.
- the contact layer is particularly preferably distinguished by advantageous electrical contact properties to the semiconductor body. For example, the contact layer to the semiconductor body forms an essentially ohmic contact.
- the contact layer contains an oxide, in particular a metal oxide.
- Radiation-permeable conductive oxides TCO: Transparent Conducting Oxide
- the contact layer can, for example, contain or consist of one or more TCO materials, for example a zinc oxide such as ZnO, an indium tin oxide such as ITO, a tin oxide such as Sn0 2 , or a titanium oxide such as Ti0 2 .
- the contact layer can be doped, preferably with a metal.
- ZnO can be doped with AI, for example.
- the contact layer preferably contains ZnO or ITO.
- ZnO is characterized by particularly advantageous contact properties with p-type semiconductor materials.
- ZnO has an absorption coefficient of approximately 0 for wavelengths between 400 nm and approximately 1100 nm and an absorption coefficient of 0.1 or less for wavelengths between approximately 340 nm and 1200 nm.
- ITO for example, has approximately one for wavelengths greater than 500 nm to 1000 nm and beyond
- Absorption coefficient of 0 and for wavelengths from 400 to 500 nm an absorption coefficient of 0.1 or less. Such low absorption coefficients correspond to high transmission values.
- the thickness of the contact layer is preferably 100 nm or more and is less than or equal to 1000 nm.
- a sheet resistance of the contact layer in the lateral direction can be, for example, 20 ⁇ _sq or less.
- the unit ⁇ _sq here designates the resistance of a square surface (square) of the contact layer.
- the resonator is formed by a first, preferably in the semiconductor body and / or as a Bragg mirror, Mirror and at least one other external mirror limited.
- the external mirror can be designed as a coupling-out mirror for the radiation from the resonator and, for this purpose, preferably has a lower reflectivity than the first mirror.
- the external mirror is particularly preferably spaced apart from the semiconductor body over a free beam region.
- the radiation generated in the active zone can be reflected between the first mirror and the external mirror in such a way that a radiation field for the generation of coherent radiation (laser radiation) via induced emission in the active zone is formed in the resonator, which radiation is emitted from the resonator via the coupling-out mirror can be coupled out.
- coherent radiation laser radiation
- the contact layer is arranged in the direct beam path between the active zone and the external mirror of the resonator.
- VECSEL Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Laser or semiconductor wafer laser
- VCSEL Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser
- the active zone comprises a single or multiple quantum well structure. Structures of this type are particularly suitable for semiconductor laser components.
- the active zone can optionally also comprise one or more quantum dots or one or more quantum wires.
- the optical coating is at least partially designed as anti-reflection coating or high-reflection coating for radiation or radiation modes in the resonator.
- the laser activity threshold can be reduced by means of an increased proportion of induced emission in the active zone, as a result of which lower radiation power is coupled out of the resonator.
- Antireflection enhancement can lead to an increased threshold with consequently increased coupled-out radiation power.
- the antireflection coating or high reflection coating can, for example, be layer-like and comprise one or more layers, optionally of different materials.
- these layers are preferably arranged with respect to their, if necessary different, refractive indices and / or thicknesses (e.g. in the form of one or more ⁇ / 4 layers) in accordance with the desired highly reflective or antireflective properties.
- at least one of the further layers contains an essentially dielectric material.
- the contact layer can be designed as a layer of optical coating.
- the optical coating is particularly preferably directly adjacent to the contact layer.
- a selection element is provided in the resonator or the contact layer is designed as a selection element.
- the selection element for wavelength selection and / or is preferred designed for polarization selection of the radiation in the resonator. Certain wavelengths and / or polarizations of the radiation in the resonator can be preferred over other wavelengths or polarizations by suitable formation of the selection element. In this way, the wavelength or the polarization state of the radiation emitted by the semiconductor laser component can optionally be influenced.
- the polarization of radiation in the resonator can be stabilized in this way in such a way that a deviation of the polarization of the radiation from the polarization specified by the selection element, for example linear polarization (eg s-polarized or p-polarized), is made more difficult.
- linear polarization eg s-polarized or p-polarized
- the selection element comprises a lattice structure.
- the selection properties of the selection element can be set via the grating parameters such as the arrangement and spacing of grating lines with correspondingly resulting diffraction or reflection of radiation on the grating structure.
- the semiconductor body is arranged on a carrier, which preferably mechanically stabilizes the semiconductor body.
- the carrier preferably emerges from a carrier layer on which a semiconductor layer system, which is preferably provided for the formation of a plurality of semiconductor bodies and comprises a corresponding sequence of semiconductor layers, is arranged in the wafer composite.
- a plurality of semiconductor bodies can be made from the semiconductor layer system, for example by means of photolithographic methods in combination with etching processes are structured, which are arranged on the common carrier layer.
- the carrier can, for example, emerge from the carrier layer when this structure is separated into semiconductor chips (at least one semiconductor body arranged on the carrier).
- the carrier layer in particular a growth substrate of the semiconductor layer system, on which the
- Semiconductor layer system preferably grown epitaxially, comprise or be formed from this.
- the carrier layer can also be different from the growth substrate of the semiconductor layer system.
- such a carrier can contain a semiconductor material or a metal that is different from the growth substrate and / or can be designed as a heat sink.
- the semiconductor layer system arranged on the growth substrate or the plurality of semiconductor bodies can be attached on the side opposite the growth substrate on a carrier layer different from the growth substrate during manufacture.
- wafer bonding processes such as anodic bonding, eutectic bonding or soldering can be suitable for this.
- the growth substrate is subsequently removed, for example by means of a laser ablation process, a mechanical process such as grinding, or a chemical process such as etching.
- the carrier of the semiconductor body can emerge from the carrier layer different from the growth substrate.
- the semiconductor body can also be arranged and / or fastened on a carrier different from the growth substrate, after which, if necessary the growth substrate or residues of the growth substrate are removed from the semiconductor body.
- the detachment of the growth substrate advantageously increases the degrees of freedom with regard to the choice of the carrier.
- the carrier does not have to meet the high requirements for a growth substrate, but can be chosen comparatively freely with regard to advantageous properties, such as high thermal and / or electrical conductivity.
- the semiconductor body is prefabricated and the contact layer is applied to the semiconductor body after it has been manufactured.
- the semiconductor body and the contact layer can thus be produced using different methods and / or in succession.
- the semiconductor body can be produced, for example, by means of epitaxy and a contact layer, preferably containing TCO, can be applied to the semiconductor body after the epitaxial phase has ended, for example by means of sputtering.
- prefabrication of the semiconductor body should also be understood to mean the prefabrication of a semiconductor layer system which is provided for the formation of a plurality of semiconductor bodies.
- a nonlinear optical element preferably for frequency conversion, is arranged in the resonator.
- the nonlinear optical element is designed as a frequency doubler (SHG: second harmony generation).
- the nonlinear optical element is preferably designed for frequency conversion of radiation in the invisible spectral range, such as the infrared, into radiation in the visible spectral range.
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a semiconductor laser component according to the invention on the basis of a schematic sectional view
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a semiconductor body of a semiconductor laser component according to the invention in FIG. 2A and in the diagram in FIG. 2B qualitatively the lateral profile of the pump current density corresponding to FIG. 2A,
- Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of a semiconductor body of a semiconductor laser device according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a semiconductor laser component according to the invention on the basis of a schematic sectional view.
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a semiconductor laser component according to the invention using a schematic sectional view.
- the active zone is designed, for example, as a multiple quantum well structure.
- a Bragg mirror 4 is arranged between the active zone 3 and the carrier 1, which together with an external one Mirror 5 forms an optical resonator for the radiation generated in the active zone 3.
- the Bragg mirror 4 is integrated together with the semiconductor layer sequence 2 in the semiconductor body of the semiconductor laser component.
- the semiconductor laser component in particular the semiconductor body or the active zone, contains at least one III -V semiconductor material, for example a semiconductor material from the material systems In x Ga y Al ⁇ - X. y P, In x Ga y Al ⁇ . x . y As or In x Ga y Al ⁇ . x _ y N with O ⁇ x ⁇ l, O ⁇ y ⁇ l and x + y ⁇ l.
- the semiconductor body can also be a semiconductor material from the III -V semiconductor material system In y Ga ⁇ - y As x P ⁇ . x with O ⁇ x ⁇ l and O ⁇ y ⁇ l included.
- These materials are characterized by easily attainable high internal quantum efficiencies and are suitable for radiation from the ultraviolet (especially In x Ga y Al ⁇ - X. Y N) to the visible (especially In x Ga y Al ⁇ _ x _ y N, In x Ga y Ali- x -y P), up to the infrared spectral range (in particular In x Ga y Al ⁇ - X. Y As, In y Ga ⁇ _ y As x P ⁇ - X ).
- the semiconductor body is preferably based on the material system In x Ga y Al ⁇ . x -y As. Radiation in the infrared spectral range, in particular in the wavelength range between 800 nm and 1100 nm, can be generated particularly efficiently in this material system.
- the carrier contains GaAs and the semiconductor layer sequence is based on the material system In x Ga y Al ⁇ - X _ y As with O ⁇ x ⁇ l, O ⁇ y ⁇ l and x + y ⁇ l.
- a wavelength of the radiation generated in the active zone lies in the spectral range between 200 nm and 2000 nm.
- the contact layer preferably has a particularly high transmission for the wavelength of the radiation generated in the active zone.
- the external mirror 5 is designed as a coupling-out mirror of the laser radiation generated in the resonator by means of induced emission and has a lower reflectivity than the Bragg mirror 4. The arrangement of the external mirror or the resonator length can influence the radiation profile of the coherent laser radiation coupled out of the resonator become.
- the Bragg mirror has a plurality of pairs of semiconductor layers with an advantageously high refractive index difference.
- a GaAs and an AlGaAs ⁇ / 4 layer each form
- the plurality of layer pairs in the Bragg mirror 4 is indicated schematically in FIG. 1.
- the Bragg mirror preferably comprises a sequence of 20 to 30 or more semiconductor layer pairs, which results in a total reflectivity of the Bragg mirror of 99.9% or more for the laser radiation.
- the Bragg mirror is advantageously produced together with the semiconductor layer sequence, for example epitaxially.
- Semiconductor layer sequence 2 is arranged over a contact region of the semiconductor layer sequence, a contact layer 6, for example ZnO doped with Al, which is permeable to the generated radiation, for example with a concentration of 2%, containing or consisting thereof.
- the contact layer 6 is electrically conductively connected to the semiconductor layer sequence.
- the contact layer is preferably arranged directly on the semiconductor layer sequence.
- the electrical contact between the semiconductor layer sequence and the contact layer preferably has an essentially ohmic characteristic.
- the semiconductor laser component is connected via a first connection 7 arranged on the side of the carrier facing away from the semiconductor layer sequence 2 and via a first connection 7 on the side of the semiconductor layer sequence opposite the carrier arranged second connection 8, for example each containing at least one metal, electrically pumped.
- the layer-like second connection 8 is recessed over the central region of the semiconductor layer sequence and runs, for example, in a ring-like manner over the edge region of the semiconductor layer sequence.
- the second connection 8 is electrically conductively connected to the contact layer 6 and can contain, for example, Ti, Al, Pt or alloys with at least one of these materials.
- An insulation layer 9 is preferably arranged between the second connection 8 and the semiconductor layer sequence 2, which has a recess with a lateral extent, which is preferably larger at least in partial areas than that of the recess in the second connection, so that an overlap of connection and Contact layer is created. Electrical pumping of the edge region of the active zone arranged under the insulation layer is thus advantageously avoided due to the low conductivity of the semiconductor layer sequence in the lateral direction compared to the contact layer and a current injection via the contact layer predominantly in the central region.
- the insulation layer 9 can contain, for example, a silicon nitride, a silicon oxide or a silicon oxynitride.
- the insulation layer is preferably also designed as a passivation layer, which advantageously increases the protection of the semiconductor body from harmful external influences.
- the current path of the pump current in the semiconductor body can be determined by the contact area of the contact layer with the semiconductor body and the formation of the insulation layer. Additional, comparatively complex measures for current routing in the semiconductor body, for example targeted electrical obliteration by implantation or oxide diaphragms in the edge region within the semiconductor body or the semiconductor layer sequence, can advantageously be dispensed with.
- Radiation generated in the active zone is emitted from the semiconductor body in the vertical direction by the surface 10, extends over a free radiation area 11 and strikes the external mirror 5.
- the semiconductor layer sequence preferably on its side facing the contact layer from the active zone, comprises at least one p-type semiconductor layer.
- a region of the semiconductor layer sequence between the contact layer and the active zone is particularly preferably p-type and / or a region between the Bragg mirror and the active zone is n-type.
- the carrier and the Bragg mirror are n-type.
- the carrier 1 can be formed from a section of the growth substrate of the semiconductor body, on which the Bragg mirror and subsequently the semiconductor layer sequence were grown, preferably epitaxially.
- the insulation layer can first be applied over the entire surface of the prefabricated semiconductor body. After the application, it is removed over the contact area of the semiconductor layer sequence. In the area in which the insulation layer is removed, the contact layer material is applied to the semiconductor body. Like the insulation layer, the contact layer can be sputtered onto the semiconductor body or the semiconductor layer sequence.
- the contact layer can, if appropriate, be formed in combination with one or more layers arranged on the side of the semiconductor body or one or more layers, preferably essentially dielectric, applied subsequently to the contact layer as a high-reflection or anti-reflection coating for radiation or radiation modes in the resonator.
- a non-linear optical element for frequency conversion can be arranged in the resonator, preferably in the free beam region 11.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a top view of a semiconductor body of a semiconductor laser component according to the invention in FIG. 2A and in FIG. 2B qualitatively the course of the pump current density in the contact layer as a function of the lateral position above the semiconductor body.
- FIG. 2A shows a schematic plan view of a semiconductor body of a semiconductor laser component according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 can essentially show a sectional view along the line AA from FIG. 2A. The second connection from FIG. 1 has not been shown.
- FIG. 2A shows an insulation layer 9 arranged on a semiconductor body. This is recessed in a contact area 12, which comprises a central area 120 and connecting fingers 121, which preferably extend essentially radially outward from the central area and occupy a comparatively small area of the contact area 12.
- the contact layer 6 is applied in the recess of the insulation layer 9 over the entire contact area 12.
- the formation of the recess thus determines the shape of the contact surface between the contact layer and the semiconductor body.
- FIG. 2B shows qualitatively the dependence of the pump current density j over the semiconductor body on the part of the contact layer on the lateral position r.
- the sections 900 of the curve correspond to the edge areas from FIG. 2A in which the semiconductor body is covered by the insulation layer 9, the sections 1210 to the connection fingers 121 and the section 1200 to the central area 120.
- the pump current density is comparatively high and essentially homogeneous. Starting from a maximum in the central region of the central region 120 in section 1200, it drops only slightly in the direction of the connecting fingers, while in sections 900 of the edge regions in which the insulation layer 9 is arranged, is comparatively small. In sections 1210 of the connection fingers, the pump current density drops comparatively strongly towards the outside.
- a comparatively homogeneous pump current density distribution over the lateral central region 120 can thus be realized via the radiation-permeable contact layer.
- the lateral extent of the central region can be, for example, 10-10000 ⁇ m, preferably 100 ⁇ m or more.
- the lateral pump current density distribution over the semiconductor body can preferably be implemented on the part of the contact layer in accordance with a Gaussian or Hypergauß distribution.
- the shape of the pump profile shown qualitatively in FIG. 2B is due to the high conductivity of the
- the contact layer in the lateral direction over wide thickness ranges regardless of the thickness of the contact layer.
- the contact layer can therefore be made with a comparatively small thickness, for example of 10 ⁇ m or less.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a top view of another semiconductor body of a semiconductor laser component according to the invention.
- Figure 1 can, for example, essentially show a sectional view along the line B-B from Figure 3. The second connection from FIG. 1 has not been shown.
- a selection element 13 is provided in the form of a grid formed by the grid lines 130.
- a lattice structure for example in the form of a line lattice, can be introduced into the insulation layer 9 and / or the contact layer 6, for example by means of etching.
- the Lattice structure is provided at least in the middle region of the contact region 12 in the contact layer 6 above the semiconductor body.
- the wavelength of the radiation amplified in the resonator and thus the wavelength of the laser radiation emitted by the component can be influenced via the grating structure, in particular the spacing of the grating lines. Diffraction or reflection of a laser radiation mode on the grating means that the losses for this mode are increased and consequently the laser activity threshold for this mode cannot be reached or can only be reached with difficulty.
- the diffraction or reflection properties of the grating can be set via the spacing of the grating lines.
- the selection element can continue to
- Polarization stabilization can be formed in that a polarization state of a laser radiation mode is preferred over modes with different polarization via the grating structure.
- the selection element 13 can thus act as a polarization and / or wavelength filter.
- the contact area 12 and the contact layer 6 are here essentially circular and the contact layer can be contacted by a suitable overlap with a second connection, as shown schematically in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a semiconductor laser component according to the invention using a schematic sectional view.
- the semiconductor laser component shown in FIG. 4 essentially corresponds to that shown in FIG. 1.
- the semiconductor body with the Bragg mirror 4 and the semiconductor layer sequence 2 with the active zone 3 on the part of the Bragg mirror 4 is arranged on the carrier 1 via a connecting layer 14 and is preferably fixed stably.
- the carrier 1 is preferably different from the growth substrate of the semiconductor body and comprises, for example, a heat sink which contains about CuW, CuDia, Cu, SiC or BN.
- the heat sink advantageously facilitates the dissipation of heat from the active zone, so that the risk of the component's thermal efficiency being reduced, in particular at high powers, which often also entail high heat losses, is reduced.
- the semiconductor body is first prefabricated, the Bragg mirror being produced on a growth substrate according to the semiconductor layer sequence. On the part of the Bragg mirror, the semiconductor body is then attached to the carrier by means of eutectic bonding, after which the growth substrate, e.g. is removed by means of wet chemical etching or a laser ablation process.
- the connection layer 14 can, for example, be a layer formed by means of eutectic bonding.
- the semiconductor body according to FIG. 4 can accordingly be produced in the reverse order to the semiconductor body shown in FIG. 1.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/597,951 US7620088B2 (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2005-04-29 | Surface emitting-semiconductor laser component featuring emission in a vertical direction |
EP05753554A EP1763913A2 (de) | 2004-05-28 | 2005-04-29 | Oberflächenemittierendes halbleiterlaserbauelement mit einer vertikalen emissionsrichtung |
JP2007513668A JP2008500711A (ja) | 2004-05-28 | 2005-04-29 | 垂直の放出方向を有する面放出型の半導体レーザ素子 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004026163 | 2004-05-28 | ||
DE102004026163.6 | 2004-05-28 | ||
DE102004040077.6 | 2004-08-18 | ||
DE102004040077A DE102004040077A1 (de) | 2004-05-28 | 2004-08-18 | Oberflächenemittierendes Halbleiterlaserbauelement mit einer vertikalen Emissionsrichtung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005117070A2 true WO2005117070A2 (de) | 2005-12-08 |
WO2005117070A3 WO2005117070A3 (de) | 2006-05-11 |
Family
ID=35433293
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2005/000791 WO2005117070A2 (de) | 2004-05-28 | 2005-04-29 | Oberflächenemittierendes halbleiterlaserbauelement mit einer vertikalen emissionsrichtung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7620088B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1763913A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2008500711A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20070020091A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102004040077A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005117070A2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008114160A1 (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-09-25 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh | Vertical extended cavity surface emission laser and method for manufacturing a light emitting component of the same |
DE102008030818A1 (de) * | 2008-06-30 | 2009-12-31 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Oberflächenemittierender Halbleiterlaser mit mehreren aktiven Zonen |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9397476B2 (en) | 2007-05-07 | 2016-07-19 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Laser sensor for self-mixing interferometry having a vertical external cavity surface emission laser (VECSEL) as the light source |
DE102008036254A1 (de) * | 2008-08-04 | 2010-02-11 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Halbleiterlaser |
DE102010018322B3 (de) * | 2010-04-27 | 2011-04-07 | Laib, Thorsten, Dr. | Optischer Sensor zur Detektion der Konzentration von Substanzen in Fluiden basierend auf der Rückkopplung von Laserlicht in einen Laser |
DE102012203583B4 (de) * | 2012-03-07 | 2021-03-18 | Pictiva Displays International Limited | Organisches Licht emittierendes Bauelement |
DE102016125857B4 (de) * | 2016-12-29 | 2022-05-05 | OSRAM Opto Semiconductors Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Halbleiterlaserdiode |
JPWO2022196394A1 (de) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-09-22 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5317587A (en) * | 1992-08-06 | 1994-05-31 | Motorola, Inc. | VCSEL with separate control of current distribution and optical mode |
US6243407B1 (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 2001-06-05 | Novalux, Inc. | High power laser devices |
WO2002027877A1 (de) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-04 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Halbleiter-laser mit transparenter kontaktfläche |
US20030031221A1 (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2003-02-13 | Coretek, Inc. | Single mode operation of microelectromechanically tunable, half-symmetric, vertical cavity surface emitting lasers |
US20030123495A1 (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2003-07-03 | Cox James Allen | Tunable laser assembly |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3095545B2 (ja) * | 1992-09-29 | 2000-10-03 | 株式会社東芝 | 面発光型半導体発光装置およびその製造方法 |
US5724376A (en) * | 1995-11-30 | 1998-03-03 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Transparent substrate vertical cavity surface emitting lasers fabricated by semiconductor wafer bonding |
JP2000196189A (ja) * | 1998-12-24 | 2000-07-14 | Toshiba Corp | 面発光型半導体レーザ |
US6393038B1 (en) * | 1999-10-04 | 2002-05-21 | Sandia Corporation | Frequency-doubled vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser |
US6778582B1 (en) * | 2000-03-06 | 2004-08-17 | Novalux, Inc. | Coupled cavity high power semiconductor laser |
DE10147888A1 (de) * | 2001-09-28 | 2003-04-24 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Optisch gepumpter vertikal emittierender Halbleiterlaser |
DE10203809B4 (de) * | 2002-01-31 | 2010-05-27 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Strahlungsemittierendes Halbleiterbauelement |
DE10214120B4 (de) * | 2002-03-28 | 2007-06-06 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Optisch pumpbare oberflächenemittierende Halbleiterlaservorrichtung |
-
2004
- 2004-08-18 DE DE102004040077A patent/DE102004040077A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-04-29 WO PCT/DE2005/000791 patent/WO2005117070A2/de active Application Filing
- 2005-04-29 JP JP2007513668A patent/JP2008500711A/ja active Pending
- 2005-04-29 US US11/597,951 patent/US7620088B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-29 EP EP05753554A patent/EP1763913A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-29 KR KR1020067027640A patent/KR20070020091A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5317587A (en) * | 1992-08-06 | 1994-05-31 | Motorola, Inc. | VCSEL with separate control of current distribution and optical mode |
US6243407B1 (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 2001-06-05 | Novalux, Inc. | High power laser devices |
US20030031221A1 (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2003-02-13 | Coretek, Inc. | Single mode operation of microelectromechanically tunable, half-symmetric, vertical cavity surface emitting lasers |
WO2002027877A1 (de) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-04 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Halbleiter-laser mit transparenter kontaktfläche |
US20030123495A1 (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2003-07-03 | Cox James Allen | Tunable laser assembly |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
CHUA C L ET AL: "Buried oxide vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser arrays with transparent top electrodes" TECHNICAL DIGEST. SUMMARIES OF PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS. CONFERENCE EDITION. 1998 TECHNICAL DIGEST SERIES, VOL.6 (IEEE CAT. NO.98CH36178) OPT. SOC. AMERICA WASHINGTON, DC, USA, 1998, Seiten 370-371, XP002362392 ISBN: 1-55752-339-0 * |
EL KURDI M ET AL: "Room-temperature continuous-wave laser operation of electrically-pumped 1.55microns VECSEL" ELECTRONICS LETTERS, IEE STEVENAGE, GB, Bd. 40, Nr. 11, 27. Mai 2004 (2004-05-27), Seiten 671-672, XP006022094 ISSN: 0013-5194 * |
See also references of EP1763913A2 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008114160A1 (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-09-25 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh | Vertical extended cavity surface emission laser and method for manufacturing a light emitting component of the same |
US8023547B2 (en) | 2007-03-16 | 2011-09-20 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Vertical extended cavity surface emission laser and method for manufacturing a light emitting component of the same |
DE102008030818A1 (de) * | 2008-06-30 | 2009-12-31 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Oberflächenemittierender Halbleiterlaser mit mehreren aktiven Zonen |
WO2010000231A1 (de) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-07 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Oberflächenemittierender halbleiterlaser mit mehreren aktiven zonen |
DE102008030818B4 (de) | 2008-06-30 | 2022-03-03 | OSRAM Opto Semiconductors Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Oberflächenemittierender Halbleiterlaser mit mehreren aktiven Zonen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102004040077A1 (de) | 2005-12-22 |
WO2005117070A3 (de) | 2006-05-11 |
US20080165811A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
US7620088B2 (en) | 2009-11-17 |
EP1763913A2 (de) | 2007-03-21 |
JP2008500711A (ja) | 2008-01-10 |
KR20070020091A (ko) | 2007-02-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2011160B1 (de) | Optoelektronischer halbleiterchip | |
EP2015372B1 (de) | Halbleiterchip und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Halbleiterchips | |
DE102004057802B4 (de) | Strahlungemittierendes Halbleiterbauelement mit Zwischenschicht | |
EP3200247B1 (de) | Halbleiterchip und verfahren zur herstellung eines halbleiterchips | |
EP2191547B1 (de) | Optoelektronisches bauelement | |
EP2057696B1 (de) | Optoelektronischer halbleiterchip und verfahren zur dessen herstellung | |
EP1770835B1 (de) | Oberflächenemittierendes Halbleiterlaser-Bauelement und optische Projektionsvorrichtung mit solch einem oberflächenemittierenden Halbleiterlaser-Bauelement | |
WO2010009690A1 (de) | Strahlungemittierender halbleiterchip mit schutz gegen elektrostatische entladungen und entsprechendes herstellungsverfahren | |
WO2009106028A1 (de) | Optoelektronisches bauelement und verfahren zur herstellung eines optoelektronischen bauelements | |
DE102017130582A1 (de) | Halbleiterlaser, Laser-Anordnung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Halbleiterlasers | |
EP1770792B1 (de) | Strahlungsemittierender Halbleiterchip | |
EP2218153B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines strahlungsemittierenden bauelements und strahlungsemittierendes bauelement | |
WO2005117070A2 (de) | Oberflächenemittierendes halbleiterlaserbauelement mit einer vertikalen emissionsrichtung | |
WO2010051784A2 (de) | Oberflächenemittierendes halbleiterlaserbauelement mit einer vertikalen emissionsrichtung | |
WO2010048918A1 (de) | Optoelektronischer halbleiterchip und verfahren zur herstellung eines optoelektronischen halbleiterchips | |
WO2023078912A1 (de) | Oberflächenemittierender halbleiterlaser und verfahren zur herstellung eines oberflächenemittierenden halbleiterlasers | |
WO2003030221A2 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines halbleiterbauelements auf der basis eines nitrid-verbindungshalbleiters | |
DE102005029272A1 (de) | Strahlungsemittierender Halbleiterchip und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Halbleiterkörpers für einen derartigen Halbleiterchip | |
WO2009036728A1 (de) | Strahlungsemittierendes halbleiterbauelement mit vertikaler emissionsrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung eines strahlungsemittierenden halbleiterbauelements | |
WO2023104457A1 (de) | Laserdiodenbauelement und verfahren zur herstellung zumindest eines laserdiodenbauelements |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KM KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200580016845.9 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007513668 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005753554 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020067027640 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1020067027640 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2005753554 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11597951 Country of ref document: US |