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WO2005011318A1 - Method for controlling the check-in of a mobile station of a radio communication system in a radio cell of a virtual base station and said virtual base station - Google Patents

Method for controlling the check-in of a mobile station of a radio communication system in a radio cell of a virtual base station and said virtual base station Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005011318A1
WO2005011318A1 PCT/DE2003/002496 DE0302496W WO2005011318A1 WO 2005011318 A1 WO2005011318 A1 WO 2005011318A1 DE 0302496 W DE0302496 W DE 0302496W WO 2005011318 A1 WO2005011318 A1 WO 2005011318A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base station
virtual base
communication system
vbs
mobile station
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2003/002496
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bert-Uwe KÖHLER
Carsten Simon
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to AU2003264242A priority Critical patent/AU2003264242A1/en
Priority to DE10394316T priority patent/DE10394316D2/en
Priority to PCT/DE2003/002496 priority patent/WO2005011318A1/en
Publication of WO2005011318A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005011318A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/30—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for supporting lawful interception, monitoring or retaining of communications or communication related information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling the registration of a mobile station of a radio communication system in a radio cell of a virtual base station and a corresponding virtual base station.
  • DE 199 20 222 AI discloses a method in which users of mobile stations, for example of mobile telephones, can be identified and listened to using a virtual base station.
  • a virtual base station can be used in the public interest, for example by the police, border guards or an intelligence service.
  • the virtual base station described in DE 199 20 222 AI sends a base station on a broadcast channel, for example on a broadcast control channel [BCCH] in accordance with the GSM [Global System for Mobile Communications] specification 05.02v8.10.0, chapter 3.3.2 system information of a radio communication system.
  • the system information is modified in relation to system information of the base station in such a way that all mobile stations of the radio communication system that are within radio range of the virtual base station and receive the broadcast channel of the virtual base station as the strongest broadcast channel change into a radio cell of the virtual base station and move into this radio cell einbuchen. Even mobile stations, the identification and listening of which is not intended, therefore log into the radio cell of the virtual base station when the modified system information is received.
  • the radio cell of a mobile station is changed from the radio cell of the virtual If the base station is in a radio cell of the radio communication system, the broadcasting channel of the virtual base station is still received by the mobile station as the strongest signal. The mobile station therefore switches back to the radio cell of the virtual base station and logs in to the radio cell, although it is not desirable to log in again. This can result in repeated radio cell changes between the radio cell of the virtual base station and radio cells of the radio communication system, ie the virtual base station causes an increased signaling volume in the radio communication system.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an advantageous method for controlling the registration of a mobile station of a radio communication system in a radio cell of a virtual base station and a corresponding virtual base station, with which the radio communication system and the virtual base station are loaded during identification and / or Eavesdropping on mobile stations can be reduced through the virtual base station.
  • the virtual base station receives a registration attempt from the mobile station and sends a rejection signal to the mobile station, which prevents registration.
  • This invention enables only mobile stations to switch to the radio cell of the virtual base station and to log in to the radio cell in which the virtual base station is interested in checking in.
  • Mobile stations book themselves into the radio cell of the virtual base station in the same way as into a radio cell of a base station of the radio communication system, ie after logging into a radio cell, connections are established with the base station belonging to the respective radio cell. For this reason, mobile stations booked into the radio cell of the virtual base station receive messages, in particular incoming calls, from the radio communication system only to a limited extent, ie they are for other stations of the
  • Radio communication system difficult to reach due to the connection to the virtual base station.
  • the mobile station can only be reached by other stations after changing the radio cell and logging into a radio cell in the radio communication system.
  • the invention enables only mobile stations to switch to the radio cell of the virtual base station and log in there, which are to be identified or listened to by the virtual base station. All other mobile stations remain in a radio cell of the radio communication system.
  • all mobile stations that switch to the radio cell of a virtual base station log into the radio cell of the virtual base station, regardless of whether identification or listening is provided, or change how described in the introduction to the description permanently back and forth between the radio communication system and the virtual base station, with the associated disadvantage of a high signaling load.
  • the virtual base station only sends the rejection signal when the logon attempt is at least a second logon attempt, which was preceded by a first, successful logon attempt.
  • the mobile station can identify be certified, log in and, if a connection is established, be listened to. After a change in a radio cell of the radio communication system in the meantime, a comparatively increased transmission power of the virtual base station can cause the mobile station to switch to the radio cell of the virtual base station again and attempt to log in there. Since the mobile station has already been identified, the rejection signal can prevent the virtual base station from logging back into its radio cell.
  • a particularly preferred development of the invention provides that the virtual base station receives a log-in attempt by another mobile station, that the virtual base station does not send the rejection signal to the further mobile station if the other mobile station does not log into a radio cell after receiving a rejection signal Base station of the radio communication system could perform, and that the virtual base station allows the booking of the other mobile station.
  • there can be mobile stations in the radio communication system that react to a rejection signal in such a way that they try to switch back to a radio cell of a base station of the radio communication system and on the other hand there can be mobile stations that do not recognize or process a rejection signal can and for which the rejection signal leads to a loss of contact with the radio communication system.
  • a loss of contact for the further mobile station would mean, for example, that it would have to log in again both to the radio communication system and to a radio cell, ie would have to carry out a renewed network search, for example by switching it off and on again.
  • This is prevented in that the virtual base station only sends the rejection signal if the further mobile station can immediately switch to a radio cell of a base station of the radio communication system and log in there after receiving the rejection signal.
  • the virtual base station sends signals on a channel of a base station of the radio communication system and that the mobile station is prompted by the signals to carry out a log-in attempt into the radio cell of the virtual base station.
  • a mobile station may be deceived accordingly ", 11 that it holds the virtual base station for a base station of the radio communication system.
  • the mobile station therefore tries to log into the radio cell of the virtual base station without realizing that the radio cell of the virtual base station is external to the network.
  • the virtual base station send, as one of the signals on the channel, an area code which deviates from an area code associated with the location of the base station of the radio communication system.
  • the deviating area code can be used to deviate from the area code of the location of the mobile station.
  • the mobile station is therefore prompted to transmit individual parameters such as their IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) or IMEI (International Mobile Station Equipment Identity) to the virtual base station when trying to log on.
  • the virtual base station can identify the mobile station on the basis of the individual parameters.
  • the virtual base station according to the invention has all the features required to carry out the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a radio communication system and a virtual base station according to the invention and a method according to the invention for controlling the registration of a mobile station of the radio communication system into a radio cell of the virtual base station.
  • a mobile station is referred to as a mobile station.
  • a mobile station is, for example, a cell phone, a portable computer with a radio interface or any portable or stationary device for the transmission of image and / or sound data, for fax, short message service SMS and email transmission and for Internet access , It is therefore a general one
  • a virtual base station is to be understood as a station which, in relation to a radio communication system under consideration, is not part of the radio communication system, ie is not set up or operated by the operator of the radio communication system.
  • the functioning of a virtual base station is at least partially the same as that of a base station belonging to the radio communication system.
  • a virtual base station supplies a radio cell, the size and shape of which are determined by the transmission power and the radiation characteristic of a transmission unit of the virtual base station.
  • a virtual base station is in particular able to receive an attempt to log into its radio cell from a mobile station of the radio communication system, to process it, to enable a registration of the mobile station and to maintain or terminate a connection with the mobile station.
  • a virtual base station can prevent a login attempt, ie a Reject logging into your radio cell.
  • a virtual base station can be used as described in DE 199 20 222 AI to identify and listen to mobile stations.
  • Radio communication systems are systems in which data is transmitted between stations via a radio interface.
  • the data transmission can be bidirectional as well as unidirectional.
  • Radio communication systems are special
  • Mobile radio systems for example according to the GSM or UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecom unications System) standard. Future mobile radio systems, for example of the fourth generation, are also to be understood as radio communication systems.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecom unications System
  • the invention is described below using the example of a mobile radio system based on the GSM standard, but without being restricted thereto.
  • the schematic illustration in FIG. 1 shows part of a radio communication system, consisting of a first base station BS1 for supplying mobile stations in a first radio cell ZBS1 and a second base station BS2 for supplying mobile stations in a second radio cell ZBS2.
  • the radio communication system can of course also have further base stations, not shown, which each span a radio cell due to their transmission powers and radiation characteristics.
  • the base stations of the radio communication system are connected to other communication systems such as public telephone networks or local area networks (WLANs: Wireless Local Area Networks) via control units (not shown), for example base station controllers (BSC: Base Station Controller) and switching devices (MSC: Mobile Switching Center).
  • BSC Base Station Controller
  • MSC Mobile Switching Center
  • the first and second base stations BS1, BS2 each send information on a broadcast control channel (BCCH) BCCH1, BCCH2.
  • BCCH broadcast control channel
  • mobile stations that are located in the respective radio cell and receive this information can switch to the radio cell, ie end an existing registration in another radio cell, and initiate a registration in the radio cell.
  • the broadcast information includes an area code (LAG) that identifies an area to which the base stations are assigned.
  • LAG area code
  • the first and the second base stations BS1, BS2 use the same area code LAC.
  • the broadcast channel BCCH1 of the first base station BS1 is received by a first mobile station MSI, which is located in the first radio cell ZBS1.
  • the broadcast channel BCCH2 of the second base station BS2 is received by a second and a third mobile station MS2, MS3, which are located in the second radio cell ZBS2.
  • a mobile station is located in a radio cell if, in principle, it could receive signals from the corresponding base station due to the transmission power used.
  • the limits of the radio cells are not sharp, and a mobile station can therefore be spatially located in several radio cells at the same time if the radio cells overlap.
  • a mobile station is usually booked into a single radio cell.
  • a change to another radio cell therefore means that the mobile station assigns itself to the other radio cell, for example if it receives the information from the other radio cell with a higher signal strength than the information from the current radio cell or further radio cells. After a radio cell change, the mobile station tries to log into this radio cell.
  • FIG. 1 also shows a virtual base station VBS, which has a transmitting and receiving unit SE for receiving signals, in particular logon attempts, and a control unit P for processing the signals or logon attempts and for generating rejection signals that prevent a logon attempt.
  • the virtual base station VBS does not belong to the radio communication system of the first and second base stations BS1, BS2, but it is able to simulate functionalities of a base station of the radio communication system.
  • the virtual base station VBS sends information in the same way as a regular base station of the radio communication system on a broadcast channel BCCHV and can be received by mobile stations in a third radio cell ZVBS.
  • the third radio cell ZVBS overlaps with the first and second radio cells ZBS1, ZBS2, so that the three mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 can receive signals from the virtual base station VBS.
  • the virtual base station VBS uses a broadcast channel of a third base station of the radio communication system, not shown, for example adjacent. This broadcast channel is known to the three mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 and is regularly monitored by them.
  • the third base station belongs to the same area as the first and second base stations BS1, BS2 and therefore also uses the area code LAC, which the first and second base stations BS1, BS2 also use.
  • the transmission power of the broadcast channel BCCHV of the virtual base station VBS is so high that the mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 receive the broadcast channel BCCHV of the virtual base station VBS with a greater power than the broadcast channels BCCH1, BCCH2 of the first and second base stations BS1, BS2 and "Real"'broadcast channel of the third base station.
  • the mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 each change to the radio cell ZVBS of the virtual base station VBS due to the greater received power. Since the virtual base station VBS uses an area code LACV that is different from the area code LAC of the third base station and so- with also deviating from the area code LAC at the locations of the mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3, the mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 each initiate a login attempt AUF1, AUF2, AUF3 at the virtual base station VBS and transmit individual parameters such as IMSI or IMEI to the virtual one Base station VBS.
  • area code LACV that is different from the area code LAC of the third base station and so- with also deviating from the area code LAC at the locations of the mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3, the mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 each initiate a login attempt AUF1, AUF2, AUF3 at the virtual base station VBS and transmit individual parameters such as IMSI or IMEI to the virtual one Base station VBS.
  • the virtual base station VBS On the basis of the IMSI received with the attempt to log on AUF2 of the second mobile station MS2, the virtual base station VBS identifies the second mobile station MS2 and enables a login in order to listen to the second mobile station MS2.
  • the virtual base station VBS has, for example, functionalities of a mobile station and forwards data from the second mobile station MS2 to the radio communication system and data from the radio communication system to the second mobile station MS2.
  • the virtual base station VBS uses the mobile station functionality to establish a connection to a base station of the radio communication system.
  • the first mobile station MSI was already identified during a previous login into the radio cell ZVBS of the virtual base station VBS and is registered in a radio cell of the radio communication system. A change and a new login into the radio cell ZVBS of the virtual base station VBS should therefore not take place.
  • the virtual base station VBS recognizes on the basis of information transmitted with a log-in attempt UP1 to the first mobile station MSI that the first mobile station MSI has means for assigning a rejection signal detect.
  • the virtual base station VBS therefore prevents a re-registration with the virtual base station by transmitting a rejection signal ABW to the first mobile station MSI and causes the first mobile station MSI to instead switch back to a radio cell of the radio communication system, for example the radio cell ZBS1 of the first base station BS1, and logs in there.
  • a attempt to log in AUF3 of the third mobile station MS3 is permitted by the virtual base station VBS, although the virtual base station recognizes, for example, on the basis of the IMSI transmitted with the attempt to log in AUF3, that the third mobile station MS3 should not be listened to.
  • the third mobile station MS3 can be logged in because the third mobile station MS3 does not have means with which it can recognize and process a rejection signal. Receiving a rejection signal would therefore result in the third mobile station MS3 losing contact with the radio communication system.
  • the virtual base station VBS recognizes the absence of corresponding means from corresponding information transmitted with the connection establishment attempt AUF3.
  • the virtual base station VBS is preferably designed as a virtual base station from DE 199 20 222 AI.
  • the invention can also be carried out with a virtual base station modified compared to DE 199 20 222 AI.
  • the rejection signal ABW is, for example, a so-called "Location Area Update reject * message with a suitable reason for rejection (cause value), for example rejection reason # 15," No Suitable Cells In Location Area "', which is specified in the specifications TS 24.008v5 .7.0 of the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project)
  • This message is used to indicate to a mobile station that is trying to log into a radio cell in a base station that logging into a radio cell with this area code is not possible.
  • the mobile station enters this area code in a list and, until switching off and on again, does not initiate any further attempts to log in with base stations that use this area code.
  • the virtual base station can therefore prevent mobile stations that are not to be intercepted from being re-intercepted Initiate login attempts. Mobile stations rejected in this way rather return permanently to the radio communication system in that they only log into radio cells of base stations of the radio communication system. In contrast to DE 199 20 222 AI, the radio communication system is therefore not burdened by constant radio cell changes by these mobile stations.
  • the “Location Area Update reject * message is only integrated in mobile stations from release 99 of the GSM specifications. Older mobile stations, for example the third mobile station MS3, which do not meet at least Release 99, cannot recognize or process this message. In the case of such mobile stations, a “location area update reject message would result in a log-in attempt being prevented and, instead, logging into radio cells from base stations of the radio communication system not being able to be carried out. Such a message would cause these mobile stations to lose contact with the radio communication system and would first have to re-register both in the radio communication system and in a new radio cell.
  • the virtual base station since mobile stations send information (Classmark according to TS 24.008v5.7.0, chapter 10.5.1.5) with the login attempt, which informs a receiving base station and thus also the virtual base station VBS of the implementation status of the Mobile station displays. For example, is this information Release 99 or a higher version, the virtual base station recognizes that a “Location Area Update reject * message can be sent with a corresponding reason for rejection. If no such information is received with the login attempt, the virtual base station VBS does not send any "Location Area Update Reject ⁇ message to the corresponding mobile station.
  • information Release 99 or a higher version the virtual base station recognizes that a “Location Area Update reject * message can be sent with a corresponding reason for rejection. If no such information is received with the login attempt, the virtual base station VBS does not send any "Location Area Update Reject ⁇ message to the corresponding mobile station.
  • a change to a radio cell of a base station for example the radio cell ZBS2 of the second base station BS2, can be done by faulty messages on an analog call (paging channel) [PCH]) are forced, as described in DE 199 20 222 AI.
  • PCH paging channel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Technology Law (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

In a method for controlling the check-in of a mobile station (MS1) of a radio communication system in a radio cell (ZVBS) of a virtual base station (VBS), said virtual base station (VBS) receives a check-in attempt (AUF1) from the mobile station (MS1) and sends a non-acceptance signal (ABW) to said mobile station (MS1), by means of which signal a check-in is prevented.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Verfahren zur Steuerung des Einbuchens einer mobilen Station eines Funkkommunikationssystems in eine Funkzelle einer vir- tuellen Basisstation sowie virtuelle BasisstationMethod for controlling the registration of a mobile station of a radio communication system in a radio cell of a virtual base station and a virtual base station
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Steuerung des Einbuchens einer mobilen Station eines Funkkommunikationssystems in eine Funkzelle einer virtuellen Basisstation sowie eine entsprechende virtuelle Basisstation.The invention relates to a method for controlling the registration of a mobile station of a radio communication system in a radio cell of a virtual base station and a corresponding virtual base station.
Aus der DE 199 20 222 AI ist ein Verfahren bekannt, bei dem mittels einer virtuellen Basisstation Benutzer mobiler Stationen, beispielsweise von Mobiltelefonen, identifiziert und abgehört werden können. Eine derartige virtuelle Basisstation kann im öffentlichen Interesse beispielsweise von Polizei, Grenzschutz oder einem Nachrichtendienst verwendet werden.DE 199 20 222 AI discloses a method in which users of mobile stations, for example of mobile telephones, can be identified and listened to using a virtual base station. Such a virtual base station can be used in the public interest, for example by the police, border guards or an intelligence service.
Die in der DE 199 20 222 AI beschriebene virtuelle Basissta- tion sendet auf einem Rundsendekanal, beispielsweise auf einem Broadcast Control Channel [BCCH] gemäß GSM [Global System for Mobile Communications] -Spezifikation 05.02v8.10.0, Kapitel 3.3.2, einer Basisstation eines Funkkommunikationssystems Systeminformationen. Die Systeminformationen sind gegenüber Systeminformationen der Basisstation in einer Weise modifiziert, dass alle mobilen Stationen des Funkkommunikationssystems, die sich in Funkreichweite der virtuellen Basisstation befinden und den Rundsendekanal der virtuellen Basisstation als stärksten Rundsendekanal empfangen, in eine Funkzelle der virtuellen Basisstation wechseln und sich in diese Funkzelle einbuchen. Auch mobile Stationen, deren Identifizierung und Abhören nicht beabsichtigt ist, buchen sich daher bei Empfang der modifizierten Systeminformationen in die Funkzelle der virtuellen Basisstation ein.The virtual base station described in DE 199 20 222 AI sends a base station on a broadcast channel, for example on a broadcast control channel [BCCH] in accordance with the GSM [Global System for Mobile Communications] specification 05.02v8.10.0, chapter 3.3.2 system information of a radio communication system. The system information is modified in relation to system information of the base station in such a way that all mobile stations of the radio communication system that are within radio range of the virtual base station and receive the broadcast channel of the virtual base station as the strongest broadcast channel change into a radio cell of the virtual base station and move into this radio cell einbuchen. Even mobile stations, the identification and listening of which is not intended, therefore log into the radio cell of the virtual base station when the modified system information is received.
Erfolgt wie in der DE 199 20 222 AI beschrieben ein Funkzellenwechsel einer mobilen Station von der Funkzelle der virtu- eilen Basisstation in eine Funkzelle des Funkkommunikationssystems, wird weiterhin der Rundsendekanal der virtuellen Basisstation von der mobilen Station als stärkstes Signal empfangen. Die mobile Station wechselt daher erneut in die Funk- zelle der virtuellen Basisstation und bucht sich in der Funkzelle ein, obwohl ein erneutes Einbuchen nicht gewünscht ist. Es kann dadurch zu einem wiederholten Funkzellenwechsel zwischen, der Funkzelle der virtuellen Basisstation und Funkzellen des Funkkommunikationssystems kommen, d. h. die virtuelle Basisstation bewirkt ein erhöhtes Signalisierungsaufkommen im Funkkommunikationssystem.If, as described in DE 199 20 222 AI, the radio cell of a mobile station is changed from the radio cell of the virtual If the base station is in a radio cell of the radio communication system, the broadcasting channel of the virtual base station is still received by the mobile station as the strongest signal. The mobile station therefore switches back to the radio cell of the virtual base station and logs in to the radio cell, although it is not desirable to log in again. This can result in repeated radio cell changes between the radio cell of the virtual base station and radio cells of the radio communication system, ie the virtual base station causes an increased signaling volume in the radio communication system.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein vorteilhaftes Verfahren zur Steuerung des Einbuchens einer mobilen Station eines Funkkommunikationssystems in eine Funkzelle einer virtuellen Basisstation sowie eine entsprechende virtuelle Basisstation anzugeben, mit dem eine Belastung des Funkkommunikationssystems und der virtuellen Basisstation bei einer Identifizierung und/oder einem Abhören mobiler Stationen durch die virtuelle Basisstation verringert werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an advantageous method for controlling the registration of a mobile station of a radio communication system in a radio cell of a virtual base station and a corresponding virtual base station, with which the radio communication system and the virtual base station are loaded during identification and / or Eavesdropping on mobile stations can be reduced through the virtual base station.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit dem Verfahren und der virtuellen Basisstation gemäß den unabhängigen Ansprüchen gelöst.This object is achieved with the method and the virtual base station according to the independent claims.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
In dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Steuerung des Einbuchens einer mobilen Station eines Funkkommunikationssystems in eine Funkzelle einer virtuellen Basisstation empfängt die virtuelle Basisstation einen Einbuchversuch von der mobilen Station und sendet ein Abweisungssignal an die mobile Station, durch das ein Einbuchen verhindert wird. Diese Erfindung ermöglicht, dass nur mobile Stationen in die Funkzelle der virtuellen Basisstation wechseln und sich in der Funkzelle einbuchen, an deren Einbuchen die virtuelle Basisstation interessiert ist. Mobile Stationen buchen sich in die Funkzelle der virtuellen Basisstation in gleicher Weise ein wie in eine Funkzelle einer Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystems, d. h. nach dem Einbuchen in eine Funkzelle werden Verbindungen mit der zur jeweiligen Funkzelle zugehörigen Basisstation aufgebaut. Aus diesem Grund empfangen in die Funkzelle der virtuellen Basisstation eingebuchte mobile Stationen nur eingeschränkt Nachrichten, insbesondere eingehende Anrufe, aus dem Funkkom- munikationssystem, d. h. sie sind für andere Stationen desIn the method according to the invention for controlling the registration of a mobile station of a radio communication system in a radio cell of a virtual base station, the virtual base station receives a registration attempt from the mobile station and sends a rejection signal to the mobile station, which prevents registration. This invention enables only mobile stations to switch to the radio cell of the virtual base station and to log in to the radio cell in which the virtual base station is interested in checking in. Mobile stations book themselves into the radio cell of the virtual base station in the same way as into a radio cell of a base station of the radio communication system, ie after logging into a radio cell, connections are established with the base station belonging to the respective radio cell. For this reason, mobile stations booked into the radio cell of the virtual base station receive messages, in particular incoming calls, from the radio communication system only to a limited extent, ie they are for other stations of the
Funkkommunikationssystems aufgrund der Verbindung zur virtuellen Basisstation schwer erreichbar. Erst nach einem Funkzellenwechsel und einem Einbuchen in eine Funkzelle des Funkkommunikationssystems ist die mobile Station für andere Sta- tionen wieder erreichbar.Radio communication system difficult to reach due to the connection to the virtual base station. The mobile station can only be reached by other stations after changing the radio cell and logging into a radio cell in the radio communication system.
Durch die Erfindung wird ermöglicht, dass ausschließlich mobile Stationen in die Funkzelle der virtuellen Basisstation wechseln und sich dort einbuchen, die von der virtuellen Ba- sisstation identifiziert bzw. abgehört werden sollen. Alle anderen mobilen Stationen verbleiben in einer Funkzelle des Funkkommunikationssystems. Im Gegensatz dazu buchen sich gemäß der DE 199 20 222 AI alle mobilen Stationen, die in die Funkzelle einer virtuellen Basisstation wechseln, in der Funkzelle der virtuellen Basisstation ein, unabhängig davon, ob eine Identifizierung bzw. ein Abhören vorgesehen ist, bzw. wechseln wie in der Beschreibungseinleitung beschrieben permanent zwischen Funkkommunikationssystem und virtueller Basisstation hin und her, mit dem damit verbundenen Nachteil einer hohen Signalisierungslast .The invention enables only mobile stations to switch to the radio cell of the virtual base station and log in there, which are to be identified or listened to by the virtual base station. All other mobile stations remain in a radio cell of the radio communication system. In contrast to this, according to DE 199 20 222 AI, all mobile stations that switch to the radio cell of a virtual base station log into the radio cell of the virtual base station, regardless of whether identification or listening is provided, or change how described in the introduction to the description permanently back and forth between the radio communication system and the virtual base station, with the associated disadvantage of a high signaling load.
In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen, dass die virtuelle Basisstation das Abweisungssignal erst dann sendet, wenn es sich bei dem Einbuch- versuch um mindestens einen zweiten Einbuchversuch handelt, dem ein erster, erfolgreicher Einbuchversuch vorausgegangen ist. Die mobile Station kann beim ersten Einbuchversuch iden- tifiziert werden, sich einbuchen und, falls eine Verbindung aufgebaut wird, auch abgehört werden. Nach einem zwischenzeitlichen Wechsel in eine Funkzelle des Funkkommunikationssystems kann es beispielsweise durch eine vergleichsweise er- höhte Sendeleistung der virtuellen Basisstation dazu kommen, dass die mobile Station erneut in die Funkzelle der virtuellen Basisstation wechselt und versucht sich dort einzubuchen. Da die mobile Station bereits identifiziert wurde, kann die virtuelle Basisstation durch das Abweisungssignal verhindern, dass es zu einem erneuten Einbuchen in ihre Funkzelle kommt.In an embodiment of the invention, it is advantageously provided that the virtual base station only sends the rejection signal when the logon attempt is at least a second logon attempt, which was preceded by a first, successful logon attempt. The mobile station can identify be certified, log in and, if a connection is established, be listened to. After a change in a radio cell of the radio communication system in the meantime, a comparatively increased transmission power of the virtual base station can cause the mobile station to switch to the radio cell of the virtual base station again and attempt to log in there. Since the mobile station has already been identified, the rejection signal can prevent the virtual base station from logging back into its radio cell.
Eine besonders bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die virtuelle Basisstation einen Einbuchversuch einer weiteren mobilen Station empfängt, dass die virtuelle Ba- sisstation der weiteren mobilen Station kein Abweisungssignal sendet, wenn die weitere mobile Station nach Empfang eines AbweisungsSignals kein Einbuchen in eine Funkzelle einer Basisstation des FunkkommunikationsSystems durchführen könnte, und dass die virtuelle Basisstation das Einbuchen der weite- ren mobilen Station zulässt. In dem Funkkommunikationssystem kann es einerseits mobile Stationen geben, die auf ein Abweisungssignal derart reagieren, dass sie versuchen, in eine Funkzelle einer Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystem zu- rückzuwechseln, und es kann andererseits mobile Stationen ge- ben, die ein Abweisungssignal nicht erkennen bzw. verarbeiten können und für die das Abweisungssignal zu einem Kontaktverlust mit dem Funkko munikatikonssystem führt. Ein Kontaktverlust würde für die weitere mobile Station beispielsweise bedeuten, dass sie sich erneut sowohl in das Funkkommunikati- onssystem als auch in eine Funkzelle einbuchen müsste, d. h. eine erneute Netzsuche durchführen müsste, beispielsweise durch Aus- und Wiedereinschalten. Dies wird dadurch verhindert, dass die virtuelle Basisstation das Abweisungssignal nur sendet, wenn die weitere mobile Station nach Empfang des AbweisungsSignals sofort in eine Funkzelle einer Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystems wechseln und sich dort einbuchen kann. Zur Identifizierung und zum Abhören mobiler Stationen ist es von Vorteil, dass die virtuelle Basisstation Signale auf einem Kanal einer Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystems sendet, und dass die mobile Station durch die Signale veran- lasst wird, einen Einbuchversuch in die Funkzelle der virtuellen Basisstation durchzuführen. Durch die Verwendung eines Kanals des Funkkommunikationssystems kann eine mobile Station dahingehend „getäuscht11 werden, dass sie die virtuelle Basis- Station für eine Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystem hält. Die mobile Station versucht daher sich in die Funkzelle der virtuellen Basisstation einzubuchen, ohne zu merken, dass es sich um eine netzfremde Funkzelle der virtuellen Basisstation handelt.A particularly preferred development of the invention provides that the virtual base station receives a log-in attempt by another mobile station, that the virtual base station does not send the rejection signal to the further mobile station if the other mobile station does not log into a radio cell after receiving a rejection signal Base station of the radio communication system could perform, and that the virtual base station allows the booking of the other mobile station. On the one hand, there can be mobile stations in the radio communication system that react to a rejection signal in such a way that they try to switch back to a radio cell of a base station of the radio communication system, and on the other hand there can be mobile stations that do not recognize or process a rejection signal can and for which the rejection signal leads to a loss of contact with the radio communication system. A loss of contact for the further mobile station would mean, for example, that it would have to log in again both to the radio communication system and to a radio cell, ie would have to carry out a renewed network search, for example by switching it off and on again. This is prevented in that the virtual base station only sends the rejection signal if the further mobile station can immediately switch to a radio cell of a base station of the radio communication system and log in there after receiving the rejection signal. For identification and listening to mobile stations, it is advantageous that the virtual base station sends signals on a channel of a base station of the radio communication system and that the mobile station is prompted by the signals to carry out a log-in attempt into the radio cell of the virtual base station. By using a channel of the radio communication system, a mobile station may be deceived accordingly ", 11 that it holds the virtual base station for a base station of the radio communication system. The mobile station therefore tries to log into the radio cell of the virtual base station without realizing that the radio cell of the virtual base station is external to the network.
Zweckmäßig ist, dass die virtuelle Basisstation als eines der Signale auf dem Kanal einen Bereichscode sendet, der von einem dem Standort der Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystems zugehörigen Bereichscode abweicht. Durch den abweichen- den Bereichscode kann erreicht werden, dass dieser auch von dem Bereichscode des Standorts der mobilen Station abweicht. Die mobile Station wird daher veranlasst, bei dem Einbuchversuch individuelle Parameter wie beispielsweise ihre IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) oder IMEI (Internati- onal Mobile Station Equipment Identity) an die virtuelle Basisstation zu übermitteln. Anhand der individuellen Parameter kann die virtuelle Basisstation die mobile Station identifizieren.It is expedient for the virtual base station to send, as one of the signals on the channel, an area code which deviates from an area code associated with the location of the base station of the radio communication system. The deviating area code can be used to deviate from the area code of the location of the mobile station. The mobile station is therefore prompted to transmit individual parameters such as their IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) or IMEI (International Mobile Station Equipment Identity) to the virtual base station when trying to log on. The virtual base station can identify the mobile station on the basis of the individual parameters.
Die erfindungsgemäße virtuelle Basisstation weist alle zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens benötigten Merkmale auf.The virtual base station according to the invention has all the features required to carry out the method according to the invention.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigt: Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Funkkommunikationssystems und einer erfindungsgemäßen virtuelle Basisstation sowie eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Steuerung des Einbu- chens einer mobilen Station des Funkkommunikationssystems in eine Funkzelle der virtuellen Basisstation.The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the figure. It shows: 1 shows a schematic representation of a radio communication system and a virtual base station according to the invention and a method according to the invention for controlling the registration of a mobile station of the radio communication system into a radio cell of the virtual base station.
Im nachfolgenden wird eine mobile Station als eine Mobilsta- tion bezeichnet. Eine Mobilstation ist beispielsweise ein Mobiltelefon, ein tragbarer Computer mit einer Funkschnittstelle oder eine beliebige, ortsbewegliche oder auch ortsfeste Vorrichtung zur Übertragung von Bild- und/oder Tondaten, zum Fax-, Short Message Service SMS- und Email-Versand und zum Internet-Zugang. Es handelt sich mithin um eine allgemeineIn the following, a mobile station is referred to as a mobile station. A mobile station is, for example, a cell phone, a portable computer with a radio interface or any portable or stationary device for the transmission of image and / or sound data, for fax, short message service SMS and email transmission and for Internet access , It is therefore a general one
Sende- und/oder Empfangseinheit eines Funkkommunikationssystems .Transmitting and / or receiving unit of a radio communication system.
Unter einer virtuellen Basisstation ist eine Station zu ver- stehen, die, in Bezug auf ein betrachtetes Funkkommunikationssystem, nicht Bestandteil des Funkkommunikationssystem ist, d. h. nicht von dem Betreiber des Funkkommunikationssystem aufgestellt wurde bzw. betrieben wird. Die Funktionsweise einer virtuellen Basisstation ist zumindest teilweise diesel- be wie die einer dem Funkkommunikationssystem zugehörigen Basisstation. Eine virtuelle Basisstation versorgt, ebenso wie eine Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystems, eine Funkzelle, deren Größe und Form durch die Sendeleistung und die Abstrahlcharakteristik einer Sendeeinheit der virtuellen Ba- sisstation bestimmt werden. Eine virtuelle Basisstation ist insbesondere in der Lage, einen Einbuchversuch in ihre Funkzelle von einer Mobilstation des Funkkommunikationssystems zu erhalten, zu bearbeiten, ein Einbuchen der Mobilstation zu ermöglichen und eine Verbindung mit der Mobilstation zu un- terhalten bzw. zu beenden. Gemäß der Erfindung kann eine virtuelle Basisstation einen Einbuchversuch verhindern, d.h. ein Einbuchen in ihre Funkzelle ablehnen. Eine virtuelle Basisstation kann wie in der DE 199 20 222 AI beschrieben zur Identifizierung und zum Abhören von Mobilstationen eingesetzt werden.A virtual base station is to be understood as a station which, in relation to a radio communication system under consideration, is not part of the radio communication system, ie is not set up or operated by the operator of the radio communication system. The functioning of a virtual base station is at least partially the same as that of a base station belonging to the radio communication system. Like a base station of the radio communication system, a virtual base station supplies a radio cell, the size and shape of which are determined by the transmission power and the radiation characteristic of a transmission unit of the virtual base station. A virtual base station is in particular able to receive an attempt to log into its radio cell from a mobile station of the radio communication system, to process it, to enable a registration of the mobile station and to maintain or terminate a connection with the mobile station. According to the invention, a virtual base station can prevent a login attempt, ie a Reject logging into your radio cell. A virtual base station can be used as described in DE 199 20 222 AI to identify and listen to mobile stations.
Die Erfindung kann vorteilhaft in beliebigen Funkkommunikati- onssystemen verwendet werden. Unter Funkkommunikationssystemen sind Systeme zu verstehen, in denen eine Datenübertragung zwischen Stationen über eine Funkschnittstelle erfolgt. Die Datenübertragung kann sowohl bidirektional als auch unidirek- tional erfolgen. Funkkommunikationssysteme sind insbesondereThe invention can advantageously be used in any radio communication system. Radio communication systems are systems in which data is transmitted between stations via a radio interface. The data transmission can be bidirectional as well as unidirectional. Radio communication systems are special
Mobilfunksysteme beispielsweise nach dem GSM- oder dem UMTS- (Universal Mobile Telecom unications System) Standard. Auch zukünftige Mobilfunksysteme beispielsweise der vierten Gene- ration sollen unter Funkkommunikationssystemen verstanden werden.Mobile radio systems, for example according to the GSM or UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecom unications System) standard. Future mobile radio systems, for example of the fourth generation, are also to be understood as radio communication systems.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung am Beispiel eines Mobilfunksystems nach dem GSM-Standard beschrieben, ohne jedoch darauf beschränkt zu sein.The invention is described below using the example of a mobile radio system based on the GSM standard, but without being restricted thereto.
Die schematische Darstellung in Figur 1 zeigt einen Teil eines Funkkommunikationssystems, bestehend aus einer ersten Basisstation BS1 zur Versorgung von Mobilstationen in einer ersten Funkzelle ZBS1 und einer zweiten Basisstation BS2 zur Versorgung von Mobilstationen in einer zweiten Funkzelle ZBS2. Das Funkkommunikationssystem kann selbstverständlich noch weitere, nicht dargestellte Basisstationen aufweisen, die aufgrund ihrer Sendeleistungen und Abstrahlcharakteristi- ken jeweils eine Funkzelle aufspannen. Die Basisstationen des Funkkommunikationssystems sind über nicht dargestellte Kontrolleinheiten, beispielsweise Basisstationssteuerungen (BSC: Base Station Controller) und Vermittlungseinrichtungen (MSC: Mobile Switching Center) , mit anderen KommunikationsSystemen wie öffentlichen Telefonnetzen oder lokalen Netzen (WLANs : Wireless Local Area Networks) verbunden. Die erste und zweite Basisstation BS1, BS2 versenden jeweils auf einem Rundsendekanal (engl.: Broadcast Control Channel [BCCH] ) BCCH1, BCCH2 Informationen. Anhand der Informationen können Mobilstationen, die sich in der jeweiligen Funkzelle befinden und diese Informationen empfangen, in die Funkzelle wechseln, d. h. eine bestehende Einbuchung in einer anderen Funkzelle beenden, und ein Einbuchen in die Funkzelle initiieren. In den rundgesendeten Informationen ist ein Bereichscode (engl.: location area code [LAG]) enthalten, der einen Bereich kennzeichnet, dem die Basisstationen zugeordnet sind. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel verwenden die erste und die zweite Basisstation BS1, BS2 denselben Bereichscode LAC. Der Rundsendekanal BCCH1 der ersten Basisstation BS1 wird von einer ersten Mobilstation MSI empfangen, die sich in der ersten Funkzelle ZBS1 befindet. Der Rundsendekanal BCCH2 der zweiten Basisstation BS2 wird von einer zweiten und einer dritten Mobilstation MS2, MS3 empfangen, die sich in der zweiten Funkzelle ZBS2 befinden.The schematic illustration in FIG. 1 shows part of a radio communication system, consisting of a first base station BS1 for supplying mobile stations in a first radio cell ZBS1 and a second base station BS2 for supplying mobile stations in a second radio cell ZBS2. The radio communication system can of course also have further base stations, not shown, which each span a radio cell due to their transmission powers and radiation characteristics. The base stations of the radio communication system are connected to other communication systems such as public telephone networks or local area networks (WLANs: Wireless Local Area Networks) via control units (not shown), for example base station controllers (BSC: Base Station Controller) and switching devices (MSC: Mobile Switching Center). The first and second base stations BS1, BS2 each send information on a broadcast control channel (BCCH) BCCH1, BCCH2. On the basis of the information, mobile stations that are located in the respective radio cell and receive this information can switch to the radio cell, ie end an existing registration in another radio cell, and initiate a registration in the radio cell. The broadcast information includes an area code (LAG) that identifies an area to which the base stations are assigned. In this exemplary embodiment, the first and the second base stations BS1, BS2 use the same area code LAC. The broadcast channel BCCH1 of the first base station BS1 is received by a first mobile station MSI, which is located in the first radio cell ZBS1. The broadcast channel BCCH2 of the second base station BS2 is received by a second and a third mobile station MS2, MS3, which are located in the second radio cell ZBS2.
Eine Mobilstation befindet sich dann in einer Funkzelle, wenn sie Signale der entsprechenden Basisstation aufgrund der verwendeten Sendeleistung prinzipiell empfangen könnte. Die Begrenzungen der Funkzellen sind dabei nicht scharf, und eine Mobilstation kann sich bei überlappenden Funkzellen daher räumlich in mehreren Funkzellen gleichzeitig befinden. Eingebucht ist eine Mobilstation jedoch üblicher Weise in eine einzige Funkzelle. Ein Wechsel in eine andere Funkzelle bedeutet daher, dass die Mobilstation sich der anderen Funkzelle selbst zuordnet, beispielsweise wenn sie die Informationen der anderen Funkzelle mit einer höheren Signalstärke empfängt als die Informationen der aktuellen Funkzelle bzw. weiterer Funkzellen. Nach einem Funkzellenwechsel versucht die Mobilstation sich in dieser Funkzelle einzubuchen. Die Mobilstationen MSI, MS2, MS3 sind in die jeweilige Funkzelle ZBS1, ZBS2 eingebucht, in der sie sich befinden und verwenden daher alle den Bereichscode LAC. Figur 1 zeigt weiterhin eine virtuelle Basisstation VBS, die eine Sende- und Empfangseinheit SE zum Empfang von Signalen, insbesondere Einbuchversuchen, sowie eine Steuereinheit P zur Verarbeitung der Signale bzw. Einbuchversuche und zur Erzeu- gung von AbweisungsSignalen, die einen Einbuchversuch verhindern, aufweist. Die virtuelle Basisstation VBS gehört nicht zu dem Funkkommunikationssystem der ersten und zweiten Basisstation BS1, BS2, sie ist jedoch in der Lage, Funktionalitäten einer Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystems zu simu- lieren. Zu diesem Zweck sendet die virtuelle Basisstation VBS in gleicher Weise wie eine reguläre Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystems Informationen auf einem Rundsendekanal BCCHV und kann von Mobilstationen in einer dritten Funkzelle ZVBS empfangen werden. Die dritte Funkzelle ZVBS überlappt mit der ersten und zweiten Funkzelle ZBS1, ZBS2, so dass die drei Mobilstationen MSI, MS2, MS3 Signale der virtuellen Basisstation VBS empfangen können.A mobile station is located in a radio cell if, in principle, it could receive signals from the corresponding base station due to the transmission power used. The limits of the radio cells are not sharp, and a mobile station can therefore be spatially located in several radio cells at the same time if the radio cells overlap. However, a mobile station is usually booked into a single radio cell. A change to another radio cell therefore means that the mobile station assigns itself to the other radio cell, for example if it receives the information from the other radio cell with a higher signal strength than the information from the current radio cell or further radio cells. After a radio cell change, the mobile station tries to log into this radio cell. The mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 are logged into the respective radio cell ZBS1, ZBS2 in which they are located and therefore all use the area code LAC. FIG. 1 also shows a virtual base station VBS, which has a transmitting and receiving unit SE for receiving signals, in particular logon attempts, and a control unit P for processing the signals or logon attempts and for generating rejection signals that prevent a logon attempt. The virtual base station VBS does not belong to the radio communication system of the first and second base stations BS1, BS2, but it is able to simulate functionalities of a base station of the radio communication system. For this purpose, the virtual base station VBS sends information in the same way as a regular base station of the radio communication system on a broadcast channel BCCHV and can be received by mobile stations in a third radio cell ZVBS. The third radio cell ZVBS overlaps with the first and second radio cells ZBS1, ZBS2, so that the three mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 can receive signals from the virtual base station VBS.
Die virtuelle Basisstation VBS verwendet einen Rundsendekanal einer, nicht dargestellten, beispielsweise benachbarten dritten Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystems. Dieser Rundsendekanal ist den drei Mobilstationen MSI, MS2, MS3 bekannt und wird von ihnen regelmäßig abgehört. Die dritte Basisstation gehört zum selben Bereich wie die erste und zweite Ba- sisstation BS1, BS2 und verwendet daher ebenfalls den Bereichscode LAC, den auch die erste und zweite Basisstation BS1, BS2 verwenden. Die Sendeleistung des Rundsendekanals BCCHV der virtuellen Basisstation VBS ist so hoch, dass die Mobilstationen MSI, MS2, MS3 den Rundsendekanal BCCHV der virtuellen Basisstation VBS mit einer größeren Leistung empfangen, als die Rundsendekanäle BCCH1, BCCH2 der ersten und zweiten Basisstation BS1, BS2 und den „echten"' Rundsendekanal der dritten Basisstation. Die Mobilstationen MSI, MS2, MS3 wechseln aufgrund der größeren empfangenen Leistung jeweils in die Funkzelle ZVBS der virtuellen Basisstation VBS. Da die virtuelle Basisstation VBS einen Bereichscode LACV verwendet, der von dem Bereichscode LAC der dritten Basisstation und so- mit auch vom Bereichscode LAC an den Standorten der Mobilstationen MSI, MS2, MS3 abweicht, initiieren die Mobilstationen MSI, MS2, MS3 jeweils einen Einbuchversuch AUFl, AUF2, AUF3 bei der virtuellen Basisstation VBS und übermitteln jeweils individuelle Parameter wie IMSI oder IMEI an die virtuelle Basisstation VBS.The virtual base station VBS uses a broadcast channel of a third base station of the radio communication system, not shown, for example adjacent. This broadcast channel is known to the three mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 and is regularly monitored by them. The third base station belongs to the same area as the first and second base stations BS1, BS2 and therefore also uses the area code LAC, which the first and second base stations BS1, BS2 also use. The transmission power of the broadcast channel BCCHV of the virtual base station VBS is so high that the mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 receive the broadcast channel BCCHV of the virtual base station VBS with a greater power than the broadcast channels BCCH1, BCCH2 of the first and second base stations BS1, BS2 and "Real"'broadcast channel of the third base station. The mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 each change to the radio cell ZVBS of the virtual base station VBS due to the greater received power. Since the virtual base station VBS uses an area code LACV that is different from the area code LAC of the third base station and so- with also deviating from the area code LAC at the locations of the mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3, the mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 each initiate a login attempt AUF1, AUF2, AUF3 at the virtual base station VBS and transmit individual parameters such as IMSI or IMEI to the virtual one Base station VBS.
An Mobilstationen, deren Einbuchen in ihre Funkzelle ZVBS die virtuelle Basisstation VBS verhindern möchte, kann sie ein Abweisungssignal senden, sofern diese Mobilstationen Mittel aufweisen, um das Abweisungssignal zu erkennen. Empfängt eine derart ausgebildete Mobilstation ein Abweisungssignal, so bricht sie einen Einbuchversuch ab, wechselt zurück in eine Funkzelle einer Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystems und bucht sich dort ein.It can send a rejection signal to mobile stations whose logging into its radio cell ZVBS would like to prevent the virtual base station VBS, provided that these mobile stations have means to recognize the rejection signal. If a mobile station designed in this way receives a rejection signal, it aborts a registration attempt, changes back to a radio cell of a base station of the radio communication system and logs in there.
Anhand der mit dem Einbuchversuch AUF2 der zweiten Mobilstation MS2 empfangenen IMSI identifiziert die virtuelle Basisstation VBS die zweite Mobilstation MS2 und ermöglicht ein Einbuchen, um die zweite Mobilstation MS2 abzuhören. Die virtuelle Basisstation VBS verfügt beispielsweise über Funktionalitäten einer Mobilstation und leitet Daten der zweiten Mobilstation MS2 an das Funkkommunikationssystem sowie Daten aus dem Funkkommunikationssystem an die zweite Mobilstation MS2 weiter. Hierzu baut die virtuelle Basisstation VBS mittels der Mobilstationsfunktionalität eine Verbindung mit einer Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystems auf.On the basis of the IMSI received with the attempt to log on AUF2 of the second mobile station MS2, the virtual base station VBS identifies the second mobile station MS2 and enables a login in order to listen to the second mobile station MS2. The virtual base station VBS has, for example, functionalities of a mobile station and forwards data from the second mobile station MS2 to the radio communication system and data from the radio communication system to the second mobile station MS2. For this purpose, the virtual base station VBS uses the mobile station functionality to establish a connection to a base station of the radio communication system.
Die erste Mobilstation MSI wurde bereits bei einem vorherigen Einbuchen in die Funkzelle ZVBS der virtuellen Basisstation VBS identifiziert und ist in einer Funkzelle des Funkkommunikationssystems eingebucht. Ein Wechsel und ein erneutes Einbuchen in die Funkzelle ZVBS der virtuellen Basisstation VBS soll daher nicht erfolgen. Die virtuelle Basisstation VBS er- kennt an einer mit einem Einbuchversuch AUFl der ersten Mobilstation MSI übermittelten Information, dass die erste Mobilstation MSI Mittel aufweist, um ein Abweisungssignal zu erkennen. Die virtuelle Basisstation VBS verhindert daher durch eine Übertragung eines AbweisungsSignals ABW an die erste Mobilstation MSI eine erneutes Einbuchen bei der virtuellen Basisstation und bewirkt, dass die erste Mobilstation MSI stattdessen in eine Funkzelle des Funkkommunikationssystems, beispielsweise die Funkzelle ZBS1 der ersten Basisstation BS1, zurückwechselt und sich dort einbucht.The first mobile station MSI was already identified during a previous login into the radio cell ZVBS of the virtual base station VBS and is registered in a radio cell of the radio communication system. A change and a new login into the radio cell ZVBS of the virtual base station VBS should therefore not take place. The virtual base station VBS recognizes on the basis of information transmitted with a log-in attempt UP1 to the first mobile station MSI that the first mobile station MSI has means for assigning a rejection signal detect. The virtual base station VBS therefore prevents a re-registration with the virtual base station by transmitting a rejection signal ABW to the first mobile station MSI and causes the first mobile station MSI to instead switch back to a radio cell of the radio communication system, for example the radio cell ZBS1 of the first base station BS1, and logs in there.
Ein Einbuchversuch AUF3 der dritten Mobilstation MS3 wird von der virtuellen Basisstation VBS zugelassen, obwohl die virtuelle Basisstation beispielsweise anhand der mit dem Einbuchversuch AUF3 übermittelten IMSI erkennt, dass die dritte Mobilstation MS3 nicht abgehört werden soll. Ein Einbuchen der dritten Mobilstation MS3 wird ermöglicht, da die dritte Mo- bilstation MS3 nicht über Mittel verfügt, mit denen sie ein Abweisungssignal erkennen und verarbeiten kann. Ein Empfang eines Abweisungssignals würde daher dazu führen, dass die dritte Mobilstation MS3 den Kontakt zum Funkkom unikations- system verlieren würde. Das Nichtvorhandensein entsprechender Mittel erkennt die virtuelle Basisstation VBS an einer entsprechenden, mit dem Verbindungsaufbauversuch AUF3 übermittelten Information.A attempt to log in AUF3 of the third mobile station MS3 is permitted by the virtual base station VBS, although the virtual base station recognizes, for example, on the basis of the IMSI transmitted with the attempt to log in AUF3, that the third mobile station MS3 should not be listened to. The third mobile station MS3 can be logged in because the third mobile station MS3 does not have means with which it can recognize and process a rejection signal. Receiving a rejection signal would therefore result in the third mobile station MS3 losing contact with the radio communication system. The virtual base station VBS recognizes the absence of corresponding means from corresponding information transmitted with the connection establishment attempt AUF3.
Die virtuelle Basisstation VBS ist vorzugsweise so ausgebil- det wie eine virtuelle Basisstation aus der DE 199 20 222 AI. Selbstverständlich lässt sich die Erfindung auch mit einer gegenüber der DE 199 20 222 AI modifizierten virtuellen Basisstation durchführen.The virtual base station VBS is preferably designed as a virtual base station from DE 199 20 222 AI. Of course, the invention can also be carried out with a virtual base station modified compared to DE 199 20 222 AI.
Bei dem Abweisungssignal ABW handelt es sich beispielsweise um eine so genannte „Location Area Update reject* Nachricht mit einem geeigneten Abweisungsgrund (Cause value) , z.B. Abweisungsgrund #15, „No Suitable Cells In Location Area"', die in den Spezifikationen TS 24.008v5.7.0 des 3GPP (3rd Genera- tion Partnership Project) beschrieben ist. Mit dieser Nachricht wird einer Mobilstation, die einen Einbuchversuch in eine Funkzelle einer Basisstation initiiert, angezeigt, dass ein Einbuchen in eine Funkzelle mit diesem Bereichscode nicht möglich ist. Die Mobilstation trägt diesen Bereichscode in eine Liste ein und initiiert, bis ein Aus- und Wiederanschalten erfolgt ist, keine weiteren Einbuchversuche mit Basissta- tionen, die diesen Bereichscode verwenden. Die virtuelle Basisstation kann daher durch die Verwendung eines Bereichscodes, der in keiner anderen von der Mobilstation wählbaren Funkzelle verwendet wird, und durch die Verwendung einer entsprechenden „Location Area Update rejectΛλ Nachricht verhin- dern, dass Mobilstationen, die nicht abgehört werden sollen, erneute Einbuchversuche initiieren. Derart abgewiesene Mobilstationen kehren vielmehr dauerhaft zum Funkkommunikationssystem zurück, indem sie sich nur noch in Funkzellen von Basisstationen des Funkkommunikationssystems einbuchen. Das Funkkommunikationssystem wird daher im Gegensatz zur DE 199 20 222 AI nicht durch ständige Funkzellenwechsel dieser Mobilstationen belastet.The rejection signal ABW is, for example, a so-called "Location Area Update reject * message with a suitable reason for rejection (cause value), for example rejection reason # 15," No Suitable Cells In Location Area "', which is specified in the specifications TS 24.008v5 .7.0 of the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) This message is used to indicate to a mobile station that is trying to log into a radio cell in a base station that logging into a radio cell with this area code is not possible. The mobile station enters this area code in a list and, until switching off and on again, does not initiate any further attempts to log in with base stations that use this area code. By using an area code that is not used in any other radio cell that can be selected by the mobile station and by using a corresponding “Location Area Update reject Λλ message, the virtual base station can therefore prevent mobile stations that are not to be intercepted from being re-intercepted Initiate login attempts. Mobile stations rejected in this way rather return permanently to the radio communication system in that they only log into radio cells of base stations of the radio communication system. In contrast to DE 199 20 222 AI, the radio communication system is therefore not burdened by constant radio cell changes by these mobile stations.
Die „Location Area Update reject* Nachricht ist erst in Mo- bilstationen ab Release 99 der GSM-Spezifikationen integriert. Ältere Mobilstationen, beispielsweise die dritte Mobilstation MS3, die nicht mindestens dem Release 99 genügen, können diese Nachricht nicht erkennen bzw. verarbeiten. Bei solchen Mobilstationen würde eine „Location Area Update re- ject Nachricht dazu führen, dass ein Einbuchversuch verhindert wird und stattdessen kein Einbuchen in Funkzellen von Basisstationen des FunkkommunikationsSystems durchgeführt werden kann. Diese Mobilstationen würden durch eine solche Nachricht den Kontakt zum Funkkommunikationssystems verlieren und müssten sich erst erneut sowohl in das Funkkommunikationssystem als auch in eine neue Funkzelle einbuchen. Dies kann aber von der virtuellen Basisstation vorher erkannt werden, da Mobilstationen mit dem Einbuchversuch eine Information (Classmark gemäß TS 24.008v5.7.0, Kapitel 10.5.1.5) mit- senden, die einer empfangenden Basisstation und somit auch der virtuellen Basisstation VBS den Implementierungsstand der Mobilstation anzeigt. Ist diese Information beispielsweise Release 99 oder eine höhere Version, erkennt die virtuelle Basisstation, dass eine „Location Area Update reject* Nachricht mit entsprechendem Abweisungsgrund gesendet werden kann. Wird keine derartige Information mit dem Einbuchversuch empfangen, sendet die virtuelle Basisstation VBS keine „Location Area Update rejectΛ Nachricht an die entsprechende Mobilstation.The “Location Area Update reject * message is only integrated in mobile stations from release 99 of the GSM specifications. Older mobile stations, for example the third mobile station MS3, which do not meet at least Release 99, cannot recognize or process this message. In the case of such mobile stations, a “location area update reject message would result in a log-in attempt being prevented and, instead, logging into radio cells from base stations of the radio communication system not being able to be carried out. Such a message would cause these mobile stations to lose contact with the radio communication system and would first have to re-register both in the radio communication system and in a new radio cell. However, this can be recognized in advance by the virtual base station, since mobile stations send information (Classmark according to TS 24.008v5.7.0, chapter 10.5.1.5) with the login attempt, which informs a receiving base station and thus also the virtual base station VBS of the implementation status of the Mobile station displays. For example, is this information Release 99 or a higher version, the virtual base station recognizes that a “Location Area Update reject * message can be sent with a corresponding reason for rejection. If no such information is received with the login attempt, the virtual base station VBS does not send any "Location Area Update Reject Λ message to the corresponding mobile station.
Ist eine Identifizierung bzw. ein Abhören älterer Mobilstati- onen wie der dritten Mobilstation MS3 nicht gewünscht, kann ein Wechsel in eine Funkzelle einer Basisstation, beispielsweise der Funkzelle ZBS2 der zweiten Basisstation BS2, durch fehlerhafte Nachrichten auf einem Ruf anal (engl.: paging Channel [PCH] ) erzwungen werden, wie dies in der DE 199 20 222 AI beschrieben ist. If it is not desirable to identify or listen to older mobile stations such as the third mobile station MS3, a change to a radio cell of a base station, for example the radio cell ZBS2 of the second base station BS2, can be done by faulty messages on an analog call (paging channel) [PCH]) are forced, as described in DE 199 20 222 AI.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Steuerung des Einbuchens einer mobilen Station (MSI) eines Funkkommunikationssystems in eine Funk- zelle (ZVBS) einer virtuellen Basisstation (VBS) , bei dem die virtuelle Basisstation (VBS) einen Einbuchversuch (AUFl) von der mobilen Station (MSI) empfängt und ein Abweisungssignal (ABW) an die mobile Station (MSI) sendet, durch das ein Einbuchen in die Funkzelle (ZVBS) der virtuellen Basisstation (VBS) verhindert wird.1. Method for controlling the registration of a mobile station (MSI) of a radio communication system into a radio cell (ZVBS) of a virtual base station (VBS), in which the virtual base station (VBS) makes a registration attempt (AUF1) from the mobile station (MSI) receives and sends a rejection signal (ABW) to the mobile station (MSI), which prevents a login into the radio cell (ZVBS) of the virtual base station (VBS).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die virtuelle Basisstation (VBS) das Abweisungssignal (ABW) erst dann sendet, wenn es sich bei dem Einbuchversuch (AUFl) um mindestens einen zweiten Einbuchversuch handelt, dem ein erster, erfolgreicher Einbuchversuch vorausgegangen ist.2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the virtual base station (VBS) sends the rejection signal (ABW) only when the log-in attempt (AUF1) is at least a second log-in attempt, which was preceded by a first, successful log-in attempt.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
- die virtuelle Basisstation (VBS) einen Einbuchversuch (AUF3) einer weiteren mobilen Station (MS3) empfängt,the virtual base station (VBS) receives a logon attempt (AUF3) from another mobile station (MS3),
- die virtuelle Basisstation (VBS) der weiteren mobilen Station (MS3) kein Abweisungssignal sendet, wenn die weitere mobile Station (MS3) nach Empfang eines Abweisungssignals kein Einbuchen in eine Funkzelle einer Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystems durchführen könnte, und die virtuelle Basisstation (VBS) das Einbuchen der weiteren mobilen Station (MS3) zulässt.- The virtual base station (VBS) of the other mobile station (MS3) does not send a rejection signal if the other mobile station (MS3) could not log into a radio cell of a base station of the radio communication system after receiving a rejection signal, and the virtual base station (VBS) does that Check in of the additional mobile station (MS3).
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die virtuelle Basisstation (VBS) Signale auf einem Kanal (BCCHV) einer Basisstation des Funkkommunikationssystems sendet, und die mobile Station (MSI, MS2, MS3) durch die Signale veranlasst wird, einen Einbuchversuch in die Funkzelle (ZVBS) der virtuellen Basisstation (VBS) durchzuführen.4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the virtual base station (VBS) sends signals on a channel (BCCHV) of a base station of the radio communication system, and the mobile station (MSI, MS2, MS3) is caused by the signals to attempt a registration to carry out the radio cell (ZVBS) of the virtual base station (VBS).
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, bei dem die virtuelle Basisstation (VBS) als eines der Signale auf dem Kanal (BCCHV) einen Bereichscode (LACV) sendet, der von einem dem Standort der Basisstation zugehörigen Bereichscode (LAC) abweicht .5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the virtual base station (VBS) sends, as one of the signals on the channel (BCCHV), an area code (LACV) which differs from an area code (LAC) associated with the location of the base station.
6. Virtuelle Basisstation (VBS)6. Virtual base station (VBS)
- mit Mitteln (SE) zum Empfang eines Einbuchversuchs (AUFl) in eine Funkzelle (ZVBS) der virtuellen Basisstation (VBS) von einer mobilen Station (MSI) eines Funkkommunikations- Systems,with means (SE) for receiving a logon attempt (AUF1) into a radio cell (ZVBS) of the virtual base station (VBS) from a mobile station (MSI) of a radio communication system,
- und mit Mitteln (SE) zur Aussendung eines Abweisungssignals (ABW) an die mobile Station (MSI) zum Verhindern des Einbuchens in die Funkzelle (ZVBS) der virtuellen Basisstation (VBS) . - And with means (SE) for sending a rejection signal (ABW) to the mobile station (MSI) to prevent logging into the radio cell (ZVBS) of the virtual base station (VBS).
PCT/DE2003/002496 2003-07-24 2003-07-24 Method for controlling the check-in of a mobile station of a radio communication system in a radio cell of a virtual base station and said virtual base station WO2005011318A1 (en)

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DE10394316T DE10394316D2 (en) 2003-07-24 2003-07-24 Method for controlling the registration of a mobile station of a radio communication system in a radio cell of a virtual base station and virtual base station
PCT/DE2003/002496 WO2005011318A1 (en) 2003-07-24 2003-07-24 Method for controlling the check-in of a mobile station of a radio communication system in a radio cell of a virtual base station and said virtual base station

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