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WO2005086992A1 - Matériau de base et tapis pour l'irrigation fertilisante - Google Patents

Matériau de base et tapis pour l'irrigation fertilisante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005086992A1
WO2005086992A1 PCT/JP2004/003110 JP2004003110W WO2005086992A1 WO 2005086992 A1 WO2005086992 A1 WO 2005086992A1 JP 2004003110 W JP2004003110 W JP 2004003110W WO 2005086992 A1 WO2005086992 A1 WO 2005086992A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base material
bag
mass
pulp
tannin
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2004/003110
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Minoru Toyone
Original Assignee
Minoru Toyone
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Minoru Toyone filed Critical Minoru Toyone
Priority to PCT/JP2004/003110 priority Critical patent/WO2005086992A1/fr
Priority to JP2006510834A priority patent/JP4369474B2/ja
Priority to TW094104326A priority patent/TW200538029A/zh
Publication of WO2005086992A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005086992A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics

Definitions

  • the present invention is a technology for cultivating various types of plants with high quality and high yield by continuously supplying nutrients required by plants in accurate amounts, maintaining the plant body upright to retain nutrients and water. Ensuring that plants grow healthy by ensuring adequate ventilation and drainage.
  • hydroponic culture As a base material of hydroponic culture, it has a hardness that can maintain the plant body and a space that can hold air and an aqueous solution, and it has good drainage property, good fertility and good rooting, clean material. It is required that
  • the applicant has pressed the fruit pulp of the eggplant in the direction perpendicular to the direction of arrangement of the fibers, and after that has provided a planting material containing cut blocks and fibers and powders generated simultaneously with cutting. .
  • the fruit flesh of the palm contains a tannin which is harmful to plants, with the roots being atrophy.
  • the customer repeated soaking / draining water prior to use to discard and use reddish brown water containing tannin. Since this operation is complicated, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-62687, an ax-removed product from which tannin has been removed has been proposed.
  • the presence of metallic iron has the effect of promoting dissolution of tannin in the water tank, but at the same time, the result is that the flesh contains at least 0.2 mass% of iron as Fe 2 O 3 .
  • Iron is a trace element necessary for plants, but it has been found that if it is too much, it has the harmful effect of blackening the leaves of the plants and attenuating the plants.
  • the applicant has studied a method for efficiently removing tannin while minimizing iron contained in the fruit pulp of eggplant.
  • the present invention comprises blocks obtained by pressing the pulp of the apricots perpendicular to the direction of arrangement of the fibers and cutting them, fibers and powders derived from the pulp of the apricots, and preferably plant carbides, and the pH is 6.0.
  • the block, fiber and powder which have been cut to 6.5 have a tannin content of 1% by mass or less in a sample which has been left for 3 days at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 50%, and an iron content of F e
  • a base material for hydroponic culture characterized in that it is 0.2 to 0.10 mass% in terms of 2 0 3 and a base material for this hydroponic culture are made of polyolefin fibers. It is a mat for solution cultivation characterized in that it is filled in a bag made of non-woven fabric.
  • the present invention requires that the implantation material of plants consisting of palm pulp, the content of iron is in terms of F e 2 0 3 is 0.0 1 to 0.0 5 wt% range.
  • the content of iron is in terms of F e 2 0 3 is 0.0 1 to 0.0 5 wt% range.
  • the iron content is not excessive while the tannin is extremely reduced, and an ideal base for hydroponic culture is obtained. Furthermore, if it is used by filling it in a non-woven bag made of plastic fibers, it will be drained without perforation at the bottom of the bag, and it will also be breathable. The strength of the bag material was maintained, and it was easy to recycle the nutrient solution without leaking the base material.
  • the base material of the present invention is the fruit flesh of coconut fruit, that is, the residue obtained by removing the seeds and seed shells from the fruit of coconut fruit, and also includes the peel.
  • the peel is thin and does not need to be removed.
  • This implantation material is a dried product of a cut product of porous flesh that has been repeatedly subjected to water immersion and dehydration, and when it is immersed in water, it swells and expands in volume by 1.5 to 2 times.
  • the base material derived from the pulp of eggplant is apparently dry, it contains a certain amount of bound water as a feature of the organic substance, and its content changes depending on the ambient humidity and temperature. Therefore, in order to express the content of tannin and its content, a sample left for 3 days under the conditions of 20 ° C and 50% relative humidity as a reference is measured as a reference sample.
  • the tannin content of the substrate is 1% by mass or less, preferably 0.6% by mass or less, more preferably 0.4% by mass or less, with respect to the reference sample.
  • the tannin content is preferably as low as possible, and it is possible to use it by repeating immersion and dewatering in advance. According to the present invention, after cutting the fruit pulp of eggplant, it is packed in a bag through which water can pass, and the tannin is eluted together with metallic iron in the aeration tank.
  • the base material of the present invention has an extremely low tannin content and an iron content of 0.1 mass% or less in terms of Fe 2 O 3 , so the appearance is slightly blackish brown due to the iron content.
  • iron content in the pulp of a normal ⁇ child is about trace, 0
  • Iron is a minor component essential for plant development and is involved in chlorophyll photosynthesis, but if it is excessive it blackens plant leaves and inhibits growth. Furthermore, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 6-62687, the presence of metallic iron is slightly eluted upon elution of tannin in the pulp of the eggplant, and the tannin eluted with Fe is bound to the tannin, It is estimated that the elution of tannin will be accelerated. In order to accelerate the elution of evening water, it is preferable to make metallic iron coexist in the water tank, but in this case, a large amount of iron content is added to the pulp of the eggplant. It is adsorbed and falls into iron excess. In the prior art, it is necessary to
  • the present invention if aeration is carried out by causing metallic iron to coexist in the water tank in the first time, removal of tannin is possible even if metallic iron is not allowed to coexist in the second and subsequent times. Is done smoothly. It is possible to reduce the tannin content to not more than mass% without exceeding 0.1 mass% of iron content by repeating the immersion in water bath and the dehydrating process four times.
  • the pH of the obtained base material for nutriculture is 6.5 to 6.5.
  • this cultivation base material is derived from the fruit of eggplant and is a processed product that has been dried after being subjected to at least one pressing, two or more times of immersion in water, and a dewatering step. It is contained.
  • the block is a lump having a major axis of 3 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or more, and the fiber is a fibrous material having a length of 0.5 to 5 cm, preferably 0.5 to 3 cm.
  • the balance is powder.
  • the ratio of blocks: fiber: powder is 30 to 92: 4 to 40: 3-30, preferably 40 to 8: 6 to 20: 6 to 20.
  • a carbide is a carbide derived from plants and has an effect of preventing root rot, and generally, a granular material is used, and in particular, a carbide derived from coconut is preferable.
  • the fiber acts as a conduit for draining excess water from the bottom of the container, and the powder distributes excess water evenly throughout the substrate, and the blocks absorb and swell this excess water, so that the entire implanted material For example, they have good drainage, water retention, and fertilization properties, and have contradictory characteristics of both drainage and water retention and fertilization.
  • an array of fiber of 4 to 5 pieces of apricot-shaped eggplant fruit which is divided into 4 to 5 in the fiber direction is made to about 1/2 to 1 Z 10 of the thickness of 3 ⁇ 4 meat. Pressing in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction does not have to be exactly perpendicular, as long as the fiber does not break and the distance between the fiber and the fiber can be extremely shortened. As a result, it is assumed that the twill weave between the fibers breaks down and tannin becomes easy to elute.
  • This compressed flesh Cut into blocks of size 3 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 20 mm.
  • some powder and fibers are also produced.
  • a rotary blade with a length of 3 ⁇ 4 800 to 50 minutes, preferably 6 0 to 100 m Z, and a block is also obtained at a high M, powder and The proportion of fibers increases.
  • ⁇ ⁇ ' The resulting cut is passed through water, and the powder derived from the fruit of the apricot is stored in a bag made of a cloth which is not allowed to pass through, and-put together with metallic iron in a water tank provided with fumarolic pores at the bottom of the tank. While aerating with fumarolic pores with a single shot 1. Swell more than 2 hours. A normal steel plate is used as metallic iron. Also, the immersed water turns dark brown.
  • the flesh that has been aerated for 12 hours or more is swollen, it is dewatered by a dehydrator and aerated again for 12 hours or more in the aeration tank where metallic iron is not present.
  • the effect of the present invention can be obtained even if this operation is performed once, it is preferably immersed again in an aeration tank without metallic iron present for at least 12 min.
  • the degree of coloration of the soaked water decreases even if metallic iron is not present, and the elution amount of tannin decreases.
  • After finishing the tannin elution procedure dry the flesh with hot air.
  • the hot air drying kills the microorganisms in the substrate, and when used as a substrate for plant growth, there is no possibility that the growth of the plant will be hindered by the pathogen.
  • the substrate of the present invention is pH 6.50.
  • separated can be used as a base material of the seedling for seed germination, a seed bed for a seedling cultivation, and a lycium.
  • the substrate of the present invention may be used as it is as a substrate for hydroponics, but is preferably used by filling it in a cloth bag made of natural or plastic fibers.
  • the non-woven bag is well drained, and since the powder consisting of eggplant flesh does not leak out, the loss of the hydroponics substrate is small.
  • plastic fibers examples include known resin fibers such as polyester, polyamide, polyethylene and polypropylene.
  • resin fibers such as polyester, polyamide, polyethylene and polypropylene.
  • all known fibers including natural fibers can be used.
  • a bag made of a polyolefin-based fiber such as polypropylene, polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, etc. is preferable because it can be easily heat-sealed in making the bag.
  • non-woven fabric it is preferable to use a material in which fibers are mechanically intertwined as in the needle-punching method without using an adhesive or the like.
  • the thickness of the non-woven fabric is 0.5 to 2 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
  • the weight per unit area is 15 to 70 g / m 2 , preferably 20 to 60 g / m 2 , and more preferably 30 to 50 g / m 2 .
  • the tensile strength of the sample of 5 cm square measured is preferably at least 3 kg, preferably at least 4 kg, more preferably at least 5 kg.
  • the tear strength measured in accordance with JIS 108 is 0.01 kg or more, preferably 0.5 kg or more, and more preferably 0.1 kg or more.
  • the shape of the bag is preferably a gusset bag.
  • a gusset bag is a bag in which a film is folded in a hook shape and fused on both sides or bottom of the bag. When the contents are put in, the bag spreads and it becomes a bag with a shape close to a rectangular solid with twice the folding width.
  • the width of the Gazette folds corresponds to the length of plant roots and varies with the type of plant. Plants that are generally widely cultivated in a hydroponic environment include celery, melon, lettuce, tonato, strawberry, nora and strong water. For short-rooted plants, use a bag with a width of 3.8 cm, a width of 3 0 cm and a length of 90 cm, with a gusset folding width.
  • the shape becomes a rectangular solid having a height of approximately 7.5 cm, which can be sufficiently rooted.
  • a bag with a width of 5 cm, a width of 20 cm and a length of 90 cm, with a gusset folding width.
  • the contents when filled and the mouth is closed, it will be close to a rectangular solid with a height of about 10 cm, which can be sufficiently rooted.
  • the nozzle tip for supplying the nutrient solution is opened, and the adjusted amount of the nutrient solution with the adjusted concentration is supplied from this nozzle.
  • the non-woven fabric has many pores, and since each of these pores is fine, it does not allow even the fragments of the culture substrate to flow out, and the pores are too small for the root to extend, and it passes through the non-woven fabric. There is no concern that the roots will grow.
  • the drainage drained from the cultivation bag does not contain any solids, so there is no need to consider the clogging of the nozzles and the method for removing solids, and it is easy to adopt an efficient method of component adjustment and reuse. can do.
  • fine beard roots develop, and absorption of nutrients is activated, and even after repeated use, the remaining beard roots do not inhibit the growth of new plants, and can be used repeatedly for eight times.
  • the used base material can fertilize the soil by looking into the soil.
  • the seeds and hard coconut shells were removed from the fruit of this palm.
  • the flesh with pericarp was divided into four and pressed flat to a thickness of about 1/3.
  • This pressed product was cut by rotating the rotary blade at 400 rpm using a cutting machine with three rotary blades having a cutting blade at the tip of an arm of about 15 cm and extending from the center.
  • the cut material obtained was 70% by mass of block having a major axis of 3 m or more, 5 mass% of fiber 15 having a length of 0.3 cm or more, and 15 mass% of powder.
  • An iron plate was placed between the aeration trachea and the aeration trachea, and the cut pieces of the fruit pulp of the baguette were lined up with water, and left for 12 hours or more while feeding air from the aeration trachea. The next day, the water was dark brown and the cut was swollen. The cut pieces were dewatered in each bag, arranged in a water tank again, and aerated only for 12 hours or more without inserting an iron plate.
  • the resulting hydroponic mats were placed in close contact with each other on a cultivation basket in a vinyl house. Therefore, the thickness of the substrate was approximately 10 cm.
  • Three holes were provided at equal intervals at the center of each pine tree in the lengthwise direction, and the seedlings of melon were placed in this hole together with the roots. The plants grew quickly, and in less than 8 months, a large, tasty melon was obtained. .
  • the fifth crop was continuously cultivated, and the same effect as the first crop was obtained, and continuous cropping is continued, but in the comparative example, the fruit has been miniaturized.
  • the base material of the present invention is not only used as a nutrient solution, but it can be used as a soil for potting various flowers and plants, or as a soil culture base for various vegetables as it is or mixed with other base materials to activate plants.
  • the soil becomes fertile and both the yield and quality of the harvest improve.
  • the base material of the present invention is originally free from plant nutrients, but has high fertility, and in nutrient solution cultivation, excess fertilizer is retained in the base even if the amount of fertilizer is too large. In addition, even if you fail to obtain nutrients for 2-3 days, the fertilizer stored in the base material can be released gradually, and the huge damage to the growth of plants can be avoided.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)

Abstract

Un matériau de base pour l'irrigation fertilisante, composé d'un bloc préparé par pression du sarcocarpe de palme presque perpendiculairement à la direction de l'agencement de ses fibres, suivi de la coupe, et les fibres et une poudre dérivés du sarcocarpe de palme, contenant, de préférence, un produit carbonisé d'une plante, caractérisé par le fait qu'un échantillon du matériau de base présente un contenu en tannin de 1% de masse ou moins et un contenu en fer de 0,01 à 0,10% de masse en termes de Fe2O3 après avoir été soumis à une température de 20° et une humidité de 50% pendant 3 jours ; et un tapis pour l'irrigation fertilisante, composé du matériau de base pour l'irrigation fertilisante et d'un sac composé d'un tissu non tissé à l'aide d'une fibre de polyoléfine pour emballer le matériau de base. Le matériau de base pour l'irrigation fertilisante peut être produit en aérant un matériau de base pour l'irrigation fertilisante ayant la composition susmentionnée dans un réservoir d'eau contenant un fer métallique pendant une période de 12 heures ou plus, ce qui en retire le tannin.
PCT/JP2004/003110 2004-03-10 2004-03-10 Matériau de base et tapis pour l'irrigation fertilisante WO2005086992A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2004/003110 WO2005086992A1 (fr) 2004-03-10 2004-03-10 Matériau de base et tapis pour l'irrigation fertilisante
JP2006510834A JP4369474B2 (ja) 2004-03-10 2004-03-10 養液栽培用基材及びマット
TW094104326A TW200538029A (en) 2004-03-10 2005-02-15 Inert medium and mat for hydroponics

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2004/003110 WO2005086992A1 (fr) 2004-03-10 2004-03-10 Matériau de base et tapis pour l'irrigation fertilisante

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005086992A1 true WO2005086992A1 (fr) 2005-09-22

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PCT/JP2004/003110 WO2005086992A1 (fr) 2004-03-10 2004-03-10 Matériau de base et tapis pour l'irrigation fertilisante

Country Status (3)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4369474B2 (fr)
TW (1) TW200538029A (fr)
WO (1) WO2005086992A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101900279B1 (ko) 2013-10-07 2018-09-20 주식회사 쿠라레 식물 재배용 배지, 및 이를 사용한 식물 재배 장치 및 식물 재배 방법

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017180996A1 (fr) * 2016-04-14 2017-10-19 John Gaunt Procédé de création de sols biologiquement actifs riches en nutriments et de milieux d'horticulture présentant des caractéristiques prédéfinies

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0662687A (ja) * 1992-08-11 1994-03-08 Minoru Toyone 養液栽培用基材
JPH08107729A (ja) * 1994-10-11 1996-04-30 Minoru Toyone 養液栽培用マット
JPH1189422A (ja) * 1997-09-22 1999-04-06 Tomita Tekkosho:Kk 植物繊維製培土の製造法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0662687A (ja) * 1992-08-11 1994-03-08 Minoru Toyone 養液栽培用基材
JPH08107729A (ja) * 1994-10-11 1996-04-30 Minoru Toyone 養液栽培用マット
JPH1189422A (ja) * 1997-09-22 1999-04-06 Tomita Tekkosho:Kk 植物繊維製培土の製造法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101900279B1 (ko) 2013-10-07 2018-09-20 주식회사 쿠라레 식물 재배용 배지, 및 이를 사용한 식물 재배 장치 및 식물 재배 방법
US10448584B2 (en) 2013-10-07 2019-10-22 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Medium for plant cultivation, and apparatus and method for plant cultivation including the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW200538029A (en) 2005-12-01
JPWO2005086992A1 (ja) 2008-01-24
JP4369474B2 (ja) 2009-11-18

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