WO2005055399A1

WO2005055399A1 - Motor

Info

Publication number: WO2005055399A1
Application number: PCT/CN2004/000914
Authority: WO
Inventors: Conglong Li
Original assignee: Conglong Li
Priority date: 2003-10-12
Filing date: 2004-08-09
Publication date: 2005-06-16

Abstract

A motor, which includes a housing, a rotor, a rotor shaft, a commutator installed on one end of the rotor, a main bearing and a bearing fencing ring, is characterized in that the said commutator is a two-parts commutator of infix form, one of which is a commutator fix cover, while the other is a commutator infix cover. Plurality of infix bars are set on the periphery of the end surface of the commutator infix cover, while fix holes or U-form slots corresponding to the infix bars are set on the periphery of the commutator fix cover. Each commutator segment on the commutator infix cover corresponds to a infix bar fixed into the commutator fix cover. So the connection is reliable and disassemble is convenient. Consequently the object of changing the commutator only without changing the entire motor is achieved when the commutator is damaged.

Description

Motor

Technical field

'The present invention relates to a motor, particularly a series-excited motor, and in particular to an improved design of a commutator structure of the series-excited motor.

Background technique

In the existing motor products, the structure of the motor includes an organic casing, a rotor and a stator arranged in the casing. The rotor is provided with a rotating shaft, and a rotor winding wound on the rotating shaft is provided on the rotating shaft and rotates together with the rotating shaft, and a commutator having a rotor winding end connected thereto, and a brush is in contact with the commutator. During operation, in order to make the rotor winding obtain a magnetic field in the same direction at any magnetic pole position, when the current is supplied, its current direction should be changed periodically. The power is applied to the rotor winding through the commutator through the brush to make the rotor The winding generates a magnetic field, and by interacting with the magnetic field generated by the stator, the rotor is caused to rotate. At this time, the electrode pieces arranged on the surface in the axial direction on the commutator will continuously contact the brush. Because the motor is in a rotating state for a long time, the friction between the commutator surface and the brushes is prone to wear, causing the electrode pads to be worn off, causing an open circuit, and making the motor unable to work normally. The brush is easy to replace due to its simple structure. And because the commutator and rotor are integrated, when the commutator is damaged, it is scrapped together with the rotor, which actually causes the entire motor to be scrapped. However, in most cases, the rotor windings and shafts are intact, which will cause a lot of waste. If the motor is to be repaired, the rotor needs to be replaced. Rotors of the same specifications must be purchased. The replacement of the rotor involves a wide range of issues, involving assembly and adjustment of the rotating shaft, and troublesome replacement. Therefore, the existing motor structure has the defects of short rotor service life, frequent replacement of the rotor, large waste of materials, and high requirements for the consistency of the replacement of the rotor.

To this end, people have developed a detachable commutator, the purpose of which is to replace the commutator with a new one when the commutator is damaged. The patent number is 00239894.x, and the name is "Improved Electrical Input Structure Series Excitation Motor" is one of the technical solutions.

The technical feature of this patent is that a detachable commutator is provided on the rotating shaft, and the implementation of the manual is as follows: "the surface of the detachable commutator 2 is provided with electrode pads, and The electrode pads are arranged on the surface in the axial direction. When the detachable commutator 2 is fastened to the rotating shaft 6 by 14 screws, the electrode pads on the detachable commutator 2 and the electrode pads on the surface of the commutator 8 At the end-corresponding connection, to achieve electrical connection. "

However, after research and practice, the patent has the following deficiencies: 1. The commutator can only be removed and replaced in general, but the specific connection structure of the two is not given. How to ensure effective connection? How to ensure that the two are effectively connected again when they are replaced again. Therefore, it is difficult to promote the application. The above-mentioned shortcomings cause several problems, which often cause the following two aspects of faults in the connection points of the commutation poles in actual work: ①The contact area is uncertain, the contact resistance is also uncertain, the resistance value is uncertain and the current density is uncertain. It is known from Joule's heat law that as a result, the insulator is burnt out and a short-circuit phenomenon occurs. ② No matter what kind of guide or edge body has thermal expansion (particularly excluded), the temperature change in the three-dimensional space temperature field, and other factors, it is very easy to cause an electrode pad to open, and the motor cannot be restarted and burned out. It is a design The main issues that should be considered in China, but it only has a general corresponding connection, no design concept and specific structure, so that technical staff cannot implement it, is the main reason that this technical solution cannot be transformed into market commodities.

In addition, the installation and removal of the commutator is completed by tightening the hexagonal nut 14, only the main rotating bearing 15 is behind, and there is no protective device. In this way, once the main rotary bearing is damaged, the air gap between the stator and the rotor is very small. As a result, the two quickly generate large areas of friction and burn the windings. The actual bearing is damaged and the wear clearance is too large. This phenomenon can occur.

At the other end of the motor, the motor rotor shaft is combined with the reducer drive gear, and the two sides of the shaft body form a flat square. The shape of the drive gear bushing is the same. The bushing is inserted into the shaft body, and the two rely on the flat square connection. Due to the excessive impact load, the shaft body often deforms at the flat side and slips off, which cannot form an effective connection and cause waste. The main reason for the failure is the following: The contact area between the rotor shaft and the driving gear bushing is caused by too few force points. The above-mentioned defects often occur that the shaft tooth gap is too large and the failure is broken, which makes it impossible to continue to use, causing waste of materials and shortening the service life of the motor. How to overcome the above defects as soon as possible is an important design issue faced by motor developers.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a motor, which can solve the problems of the entire motor being scrapped due to the damage of the commutator in the prior art.

: In order to achieve the purpose of solving the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is a motor, which includes a casing, a rotor, a rotor shaft, a commutator installed at one end of the rotor, a main bearing, and a bearing guard ring. : The commutator is a two-part plug-in type, one is a commutator fixing sleeve, and the other is a commutator plug sleeve. There are several inserts on the circumference of the end face of the commutator plug sleeve. The circumference of the commutator fixing sleeve is provided with a plug hole or a U-shaped slot corresponding to the plug.

In the present invention, it also has the following technical features: The cross-sectional shape of the insert of the commutator plug-in sleeve is One of cylindrical, prismatic, square, and rectangular.

In the present invention, it also has the following technical features: Each of the commutator pieces on the commutator plug sleeve is provided with an insert.

The present invention also has the following technical characteristics: When the insert is installed in cooperation with the plug U-shaped groove, after the plug is inserted, the plug U-shaped groove is tightly squeezed to close the upper end of the plug U-shaped groove.

In the present invention, it also has the following technical features: The inserts of the commutator plug-in sleeve and the plug-in holes or plug-in U-shaped grooves of the commutator plug-in sleeve are in close contact.

In the present invention, it also has the following technical characteristics: The length of the insertion hole or U-shaped slot of the commutator plug-in sleeve> the length of the plug of the commutator plug-in sleeve.

In the present invention, it also has the following technical features: A bearing is installed in the bearing guard ring.

In the present invention, it also has the following technical features: The shaft body at the output end of the rotor shaft is a polygonal prism, and the optimal shape is a hexagon.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects: 1. In order to facilitate the replacement of the commutator when it is damaged, each commutator piece on the commutator insert sleeve is provided with an insert, corresponding to The commutator fixing sleeves are plugged in, reliable connection, and easy to remove. When the commutator plug sleeve is damaged, it can be removed and reinserted into a new commutator plug sleeve to continue working without causing the entire rotor or even the entire motor to be replaced. 2. With the above connection structure, when the current changes due to frequent changes in load, there is sufficient contact area at the connection site, and even when the current is too large, the current density will not increase, and a breakdown short circuit will occur. The superiority of the tight connection and clear geometric design of cylindrical sleeves of the same material is also manifested in centrifugal force. When the thermal force changes, deformation is not easy to occur, ensuring that the magnetic balance is in a good state, and the requirements for tightening conditions are also low. 3. A rolling bearing is added in the bearing protection ring. Its role is to reduce the friction with the shaft while tightening the commutator. When the main rotating bearing is damaged, the additional bearing can replace the work and the rotor can continue to rotate. However, the windings cannot be burned due to the friction between the rotor and the stator, which can be directly matched with the current model and applied. 4. The rotor shaft adopts a regular polygon (positive three, one, and eight sides) design structure, which can expand the area of the force and extend the distance between the points and lines of the force. Large turning moments, many points of force decomposition, manifested as the combination of points and lines, will not cause deformation and fracture when the load impulse changes suddenly, reducing the mechanical properties and process requirements of the shaft and tooth contact surface; its superiority also shows When the driving gear is sleeved on the shaft, the axis can be automatically adjusted to reduce the noise caused by the two teeth meshing error. The intersection of large and small multilateral structures with respect to the midpoint of the top force is that the force decomposition is more evenly symmetrical. The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to understand the technical solution of the present invention more clearly and can be implemented according to the content of the description, the following describes in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Specific embodiments of the present invention are given in detail by the following examples and their drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a sectional structural view of a motor of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part I in FIG. 1;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor commutator of the present invention;

4 is an enlarged front view of a state in which a commutator fixing sleeve and a commutator socket of the motor commutator of the present invention are connected;

5 is a sectional view taken along A-A in FIG. 4;

Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a bearing guard ring and a bearing of the motor of the present invention.

1. rotor shaft; 2. bearing; 3. fan; 4. stator winding; 5. rotor; 6. stator core; 7. casing; 8. rotor winding; 9. brush assembly; 10. commutator; 10-1. Commutator fixing sleeve; 10-1-1. Plug-in U-shaped groove; 10-2. Commutator plug-in sleeve; 10-2-1. Commutator piece; 10-2-2. Plug Article; 11. Bearing protection ring; 11-1. Bearing; 12. Main bearing; 13. Reed groove; 14. Small hexagonal shaft body; 15. Large hexagonal shaft body.

detailed description

Refer to Figure 1, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6, in order to achieve the commutator 10 can be effectively connected and working normally, and can be easily disassembled. The commutator 10 is designed as a body plug-in type, one is a commutator fixing sleeve 10-1, and the other is a commutator plug sleeve 10-2. Each commutator piece 10 on the commutator plug sleeve An insert 10-2-2 is provided corresponding to -2-1, and the cross-sectional shape of the insert 10-2-2 is cylindrical; the commutator fixing sleeve 10-1 is provided with a corresponding installation on the circumference of the insert 10-2-2. The plug-in U-shaped groove 10-1-1. The commutator inserting sleeve 10-2 is inserted into the inserting U-shaped groove 10-1-1 of the commutator fixing sleeve 10-1 through the insert 10-2-2, so that the two form an effective connection. After plugging, the plugged U-shaped groove 10-1-1 is rolled by the device to close the open end of the U-shaped groove 10-1-1, thereby forming a tight and effective connection to meet its requirements. In the embodiment, the length of the insert 10-2-2 is equal to the length of the inserted U-shaped groove 10-1-1, so that the two have a sufficient combined length, so as to meet the working performance requirements of the commutator.

When the commutator socket 10-2 of the commutator 10 is damaged, it can be removed with a special tool, and the commutator socket 10-2 is replaced with a new commutator socket 10-2. Install and continue to use, thereby achieving the main purpose of the present invention. In order to overcome the skew of the rotor 5 after the main bearing 12 is damaged, the rotor 5 and the stator 6 are directly rubbed, thereby damaging the entire motor. A rolling bearing 11-1 is installed in the bearing guard ring 11. When the main bearing 12 is damaged, the rolling bearing 11-1 is operated to prevent the motor from malfunctioning.

Referring to FIG. 2, in order to overcome the defect that the existing joint of the rotor shaft is often damaged, the shape of the shaft body at the output end of the rotor shaft is hexagonal, that is, the shaft body is formed into a step shape to form a small hexagon shaft body 14 and a large hexagon shaft body 15, The drive gear sleeve of the reducer connected to it is also an inner hexagon, and the combination of the two will form a tight and effective connection, thereby preventing the occurrence of shaft wear and fracture.

The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art may use the disclosed technical content to modify or modify the equivalent equivalent. Examples. However, any simple modification, equivalent change, or modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical shield of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

Claim

A motor comprising a casing, a rotor, a rotor shaft, a commutator mounted on one end of the rotor, a main bearing, and a bearing guard ring, characterized in that the commutator is a two-part plug-in type, One is a commutator fixing sleeve, and the other is a commutator insertion sleeve. There are several inserts on the circumference of the end face of the commutator sleeve, and there are plugs corresponding to the inserts on the circumference of the commutator fixing sleeve. Socket or U-shaped slot.

The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross-sectional shape of the insert of the commutator socket is one of cylindrical, prismatic, square, and rectangular.

The motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: each of the commutator pieces on the commutator plug-in sleeve is correspondingly provided with an insert.

The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the plug is installed in cooperation with the plug U-shaped groove, after the plug is inserted, the plug U-shaped groove is tightly squeezed to make the plug U-shaped groove The upper end is closed.

5. A motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the insert of the commutator plug-in sleeve and the plug-in hole or U-shaped slot of the commutator fixing sleeve For close contact.

6. A motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: the length of the insertion hole or the U-shaped groove of the commutator fixing sleeve> the length of the insert of the commutator sleeve.

The motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: a bearing is installed in the bearing guard ring.

,

8. A motor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the output shaft of the rotor shaft has a polygonal prism shape, and the optimal shape is a hexagon.