WO2005049144A2

WO2005049144A2 - Device and method for extinguishing fires by means of a container of extinguishing agent and an explosive charge

Info

Publication number: WO2005049144A2
Application number: PCT/EP2004/013230
Authority: WO
Inventors: Carl Pohler
Original assignee: Carl Pohler
Priority date: 2003-11-20
Filing date: 2004-11-22
Publication date: 2005-06-02
Also published as: WO2005049144A3; DE10354374A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for extinguishing fires, in particular forest fires, by means of a container (1) that is filled with extinguishing agent and an explosive charge (3). A control buoy (2) containing the electronic communication and detonation system floats on the surface of the extinguishing agent inside the container. In addition, the control buoy ensures that the explosive charge is maintained in a defined position inside the volume of extinguishing agent.

Description

November 22, 2004 46 143 K.

"Device and method for extinguishing fires with an extinguishing agent container and an explosive charge"

The invention relates to a device and a method for extinguishing fires, in particular forest fires.

It is known that a water-aerosol mist has a particularly high extinguishing efficiency. This is partly due to the fact that the source of the fire is suffocated by the aerosol mist. In addition, heat is also extracted from the fire to evaporate the water present as a fine mist. It is known from WO 97/06858 A2 to transport an explosive bag filled with water with a helicopter and to drop it over a fire. If the explosive bag falls freely, an explosive charge located in the bag is detonated. The explosive bag is destroyed by the resulting pressures and the water inside is suddenly transformed into an aerosol mist. However, due to safety concerns, this known method has not been able to establish itself in practice.

Against this background, it is the object of the invention to develop the known extinguishing method and the components used for this in such a way that they can be used safely and efficiently.

BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE This object is achieved by the subject matter of the subordinate claims. Advantageous refinements are given in the subclaims.

According to the invention, the proposed extinguishing device has a container for an extinguishing agent, an explosive charge, and a control buoy for receiving a transmitter and / or receiver electronics.

The container and the preferably provided arrangement of the explosive charge in the container for this extinguishing device according to the invention and the extinguishing devices according to the invention described below are in particular designed as described in German patent application 102 47 158.4, to which, for this arrangement, a possible inner container and other possible components of the Extinguishing devices according to the invention is fully referred. The description there is fully integrated into this description for the description of preferred embodiments of the extinguishing devices according to the invention described here.

Extinguishing devices according to the invention are described below, which are preferably used as particularly preferred embodiments of an extinguishing device with a container for an extinguishing agent, an explosive charge, and a control buoy for receiving transmitter and / or receiver electronics, but within the scope of this description also as independent developments according to the invention an extinguishing device with a container for an extinguishing agent and an explosive charge, preferably in an inner bag (as described in DE 102 47 158.4). The control buoy is preferably equipped with transmitter and / or receiver electronics. Alternatively or in addition, the control buoy can be equipped with detonator electronics for the explosive charge. This igniter electronics is preferably part of the transmitter and / or receiver electronics. The transmitter and / or receiver electronics allow communication with control units which are arranged outside the extinguishing device according to the invention, in particular at clearly spaced apart locations. These control units can in particular emit signals for activating the detonator electronics and igniting the explosive charge to the transmitter and / or receiver electronics and can receive and process response signals or other signals of the transmitter and / or receiver electronics.

The control buoy is preferably arranged inside the container. In a preferred embodiment, an antenna of the control buoy can be formed outside the container and in particular as a radio peg projecting outward from the control buoy through the container wall. If the radio spigot protrudes, it is preferably guided through a specially sealed opening in the container wall. The antenna is preferably arranged at the highest point of the container, in particular at the tip of the explosive bag.

The control buoy can preferably be made watertight and / or buoyant so that it floats on the extinguishing agent in the container. The control buoy is particularly preferably “inflatable”, that is to say as a preferably flexible container that can be inflated with air to form a bulky, floatable container.

The control buoy is preferably at least partially made of a plastic, since this is inexpensive, can be shaped as desired and is tough. It can also the material behavior of the plastic can be adapted to the given requirements. The use of other materials for the control buoy, in particular metals and waterproof textiles, for example in the form of a sack, is possible.

In an advantageous embodiment, the radio pin protruding from the container or the antenna has an opening into which a security pin can be inserted, which is used to activate or deactivate the transmitter and / or receiver electronics and / or an ignition device for the explosive can. This can ensure that the ignition device can only be activated when the locking pin is inserted or removed. Similar to a safety pin on a hand grenade, this provides additional protection against unwanted firing. Furthermore, safety can be guaranteed by optical control.

Particularly preferably, the transmitting and / or receiving electronics are activated only when the safety pin is inserted for the first time, and the ignition device for the explosives is activated by pulling out the safety pin or released for remote-controlled activation. For this purpose, the radio peg or the antenna can have an opening closed by a membrane. If the membrane is pierced with the locking pin, the transmitter and / or receiver electronics are activated.

A rip cord can be attached to the locking pin. The ripcord can be particularly visually striking, for example as a wide red band. At its free end, it can have fastening means for fastening to a component that does not belong to the extinguishing container, exhibit. Attachment is particularly advantageous on a component of an aircraft that can be used for transporting the extinguishing container ("remote hook" or, for example, a dropping device in a transport aircraft). As a result, the safety pin can be pulled out with a resulting activation / deactivation of a circuit automatically by throwing off the container. Consequently, in the preferred embodiment, the explosive charge can only be detonated when the rip cord pulls the safety pin out of the falling extinguishing container.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the control buoy can have a connection element which enables a connection to be made to a further component within which the explosive charge and / or a keel weight, for example a sandbag, is located. This can result in a compact and easy-to-use unit consisting of control buoy, explosive charge and keel weight (hereinafter functional unit).

For example, the connection element can be designed as a thread to which a cylindrical container with an explosive charge is screwed. The cylindrical container has a thread at its free end so that the keel weight or another explosive charge can be added. In this way, the amount and the type or mixture of the explosives used can be gradually increased by adding modules. Electrical contacts for the detonators of the explosive charge can be provided in one or all threads.

The connection element can also be designed, for example, in the form of a hook to which an inner bag for the explosive charge is attached. The keel weight can be attached to the other end of the inner bag.

In an extinguishing device according to the invention with a container for an extinguishing agent and an explosive charge, horizontal means are provided for fixing a component containing the explosive charge in a defined position in the container. Fastening elements can be provided for fixing in the horizontal, which connect the control buoy alone or the entire functional unit to the container walls, for example in order to fix the control buoy or the functional unit in a desired position in the container. Fastening straps pointing radially from the central axis of the control buoy or the functional unit are preferably used. The fastening straps can be used to fix the explosive charge in the horizontal direction, while the vertical fixation can be achieved by the buoyant control buoy and the keel weight. In addition or alternatively, vertically acting means for fixing can also be provided.

The functional unit is particularly preferably fixed in the extinguishing container such that when the container is filled with extinguishing agent, preferably when the container is in free fall, the explosive is arranged in the vicinity of the center of gravity of the container or the vertical axis that runs through the center of gravity.

In an extinguishing device according to the invention with a container for an extinguishing agent and an explosive charge, a reflector is provided, preferably at the upper end of the container. This can serve to increase the spread of the aerosol mist in one direction after the explosion of the explosive. The reflector can be part of the container wall (eg a coating). However, it can also be introduced into the container as a separate component. The reflector is preferably placed on the control buoy or formed on it and introduced into the container with this or the functional unit. The reflector can be designed as a separate component from the control buoy and can be designed, for example, as an aluminum foil coated with polystyrene, so that the reflector floats on the extinguishing agent. The reflector is preferably metallic, in particular made of aluminum foil. In particular, it causes a downward reflection of the pressure waves triggered by the detonation and the resulting aerosol cloud.

In an extinguishing device according to the invention with a container for an extinguishing agent and an explosive charge, a filler neck of the container has a closure cap. In a particularly preferred embodiment, this is designed as a closure flap which is inserted into the filler neck after the container has been filled and which prevents extinguishing agent from escaping in the event of a explosion.

Furthermore, the closure flap can be designed so that it floats on the extinguishing agent and, due to the buoyancy, causes the filler neck to be closed automatically.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a container (inner sack) containing the explosive charge or another component connected to this container has a connection element, for example in the form of a bayonet catch, by means of which a detonator can be connected easily and quickly. For this purpose, in particular a hole can be provided in the center of the connection element through which the igniter is inserted. This is particularly advantageous since, for safety reasons, the explosive charge and the detonators are stored separately from one another in a method according to the invention and are only brought together shortly before use.

In an extinguishing device with a container for an extinguishing agent and an explosive charge, the explosive charge can consist of individual partial loads. These can be arranged spatially separate from one another in the container and can enable the formation of different aerosol clouds. The explosive charge can preferably be arranged at least partially in partial charges around the central axis of the container pointing in the direction of gravity. For example, arms arranged in a cross shape can be aligned radially to the central axis of the container by the control buoy or an adjoining component. Partial charges of the explosive can be placed at the ends of the arms. This arrangement of the explosives can have a positive influence on the formation of the aerosol mist. Alternatively or in addition, partial loads can be carried out as rings concentrically aligned around the central axis of the container. The partial loads, or the components receiving the partial loads, for example inner bags, are preferably connected to the container wall via the fastening elements described above. These fasteners can be aligned horizontally, but also vertically.

The explosive charge, or partial charges of the explosive charge in the filled container, in particular if the latter is in free fall after being dropped, is preferably held in a position in which parts of the explosive charge lie above the extinguishing agent level in the container. This ensures that the aerosol cloud spreads well. In a preferred embodiment, the explosive charge is arranged in a spherical shaped component. This component particularly preferably consists of a molded shell with hairline cracks as predetermined breaking points. Furthermore, the molded shell can be filled with air and have the explosives either in a central arrangement or as an inner shell with a uniform distribution.

In a preferred embodiment, an inner bag made of a thick-walled bubble film can be used as the molded shell. This inner bag can be arranged by the bubbles and possibly by air introduced when the explosive charge is inserted in an extinguishing device according to the invention with an explosive charge in such a way that it floats on at least one lower fastening device, for example a fastening belt, in such a way that it is held in the desired position in the container becomes.

In an extinguishing device according to the invention with a container for an extinguishing fluid, in particular with all or some of the features of the extinguishing devices according to the invention described above, and an inner bag as a holding device for an explosive charge, the inner bag encompasses a fixing element at one end, preferably from the outside into the flexible container wall was pressed in such a way that the container wall surrounds the fixing element. The container wall preferably surrounds the, for example, disk-shaped fixing element to form a mushroom-shaped element, so that the end of the inner bag can be placed over the fixing element and fixed around the web of the mushroom-shaped element with fastening elements, for example a binder. In such an extinguishing device with an inner bag, the explosive charge in the inner bag can be held in its position by means of ties which pinch off the inner bag below the desired position of the explosive charge.

A method for fighting fires according to the invention is based on the use of a container for an extinguishing agent and an explosive charge, in particular the extinguishing device according to the invention described above, and a control and / or monitoring of process steps based on remote data transmission. These controlled and / or monitored process steps can be process steps of the actual extinguishing process, in particular the ignition of the explosive charge or the dropping off of the container, but can also be, for example, preparatory or superordinate process steps such as the logistical distribution of the extinguishing devices worldwide or worldwide fire monitoring ,

The fire fighting method according to the invention and the fire fighting methods according to the invention described below are in particular carried out as described in German patent application 102 47 158.4, to which reference is made in full for the description of advantageous embodiments of the methods described here.

Methods for fighting fires according to the invention are described below, which are preferably carried out as particularly preferred embodiments of an extinguishing method using, in particular dropping and igniting the falling container, a previously described extinguishing device according to the invention with a container for an extinguishing agent, an explosive charge, but also within the scope of this description as independent, inventive developments of a method for fire fighting are to be understood.

The control and / or monitoring functions are preferably divided and allocated to at least one global and one or more regional individual systems, the global system in particular having an alarm and coordination center and the regional individual systems in particular one or more base camps, the readiness to fly and an operational management at the source of the fire form.

The global system is preferably responsible for recording fires, in particular forest fires, and for coordinating the corresponding regional systems.

By dividing the global surveillance into the northern and southern hemisphere and the associated assignment to the respective peak season for forest fires, the base camps can be coordinated efficiently. For example, provision can be made for the base stations to be fully occupied over a period of 3 to 6 months in the respective summer months. A relocation can then take place, which means that in the respective winter months only a residual readiness is made available, which becomes active in special cases, for example a major industrial fire.

The data transmission of the global system is preferably based on satellite-based remote data transmission.

A regional system comprises at least one, preferably all, units for directly fighting the source of the fire (for example, aircraft for dropping off the extinguishing devices, emergency personnel on the ground, base station). local operations management). However, the units can also be distributed over several, for example adjacent regional systems. The regional systems can be based on a three-dimensional communication system for voice and data. The GSM and / or UMTS data transmission standard is particularly preferably used. In areas where no GSM or UMTS performance is available, aircraft can be equipped with a corresponding transmission unit if necessary so that they can set up a radio cell that encloses all or part of the regional system. Helicopters, small aircraft or airships can preferably be used for this purpose. However, it is also possible to use an unmanned radio cell, for example in the form of a captive balloon.

All emergency services located in the three-dimensional space defined by the regional system (including operations management, base station and pilots) can preferably be in constant contact with each other for voice and data.

In addition, all emergency services can be located, for example via GPS. The management of the global system can get a precise overview of the units distributed in the regional system and the regionally deployed units can find out the location of the respective other units. In particular, provision can be made to show the pilot of an aircraft the location of the ground units via a head-up display.

The data transmission of all individual systems is preferably carried out in real time, so that a quick reaction to changes in all respects can take place. In a fire-fighting method according to the invention, it is provided that all or individual extinguishing processes are recorded and documented, preferably electronically. The documentation can be used for the purposes of quality assurance and further development of the extinguishing process and can serve as evidence protection in liability issues. The documentation is preferably first carried out on board the aircraft and is then archived centrally.

In particular, all flight data and video sequences from the start of the aircraft, which is preferably used for the transport of the extinguishing container, the dropping of the extinguishing container and the ignition of the explosive charge, including the effect on the ground, but also only some of the aforementioned steps can be recorded and documented.

The timing of the entire extinguishing process can also be documented.

A method according to the invention for fire fighting using at least one container filled with extinguishing agent and at least one explosive charge has in particular all or some of the following steps and in any case include that the filled extinguishing containers are transported to the source of the fire, dropped by an aircraft and blown up:

According to the invention, a report and the resulting triggering of an alarm can be made via a conventional telephone line or, for example, via the Internet to the responsible official authorities or a homepage set up for this purpose. Localization of a fire source is also possible with the help of appropriate sensors, which are located in satellites or special surveillance aircraft. A command and control team goes to the site on the ground or in the air. This operational management can consist of official fire-fighting units, forest workers and other specialists.

The extinguishing agent and the container are made available at a base warehouse, at the same time the supply logistics for all consumables to be used are started. The expected amount of replenishment material is based, among other things, on the information provided by the operations management on site. The flight readiness ensures that the explosives and detonators are picked up, provided that they are stored separately from the containers.

The operations management preferably determines the next throw-off point on the ground. For this purpose, this can be connected to both the base camp and the pilot via the regional communication system.

The triggering of the container dropping is preferably carried out by the pilot. However, it can also be carried out remotely from the base camp, the operations management or another position entrusted with coordination tasks, for example from the global system.

The detonation of the explosive charge is preferably carried out by remote control, the point in time being able to be derived from the calculation of the ballistic trajectory, including parameters such as the altitude and speed of flight and the wind speed. Another possibility is to locate the extinguishing container, for example by GPS or by laser scanner or by an altimeter. The use of an altimeter can make remote-controlled ignition unnecessary if the ignition height is known. The ignition pulse is preferably given so that the ignition 5 to 15 meters above the ground. This enables a particularly good extinguishing effect to be achieved.

The radio communication between a transmitter for the remote control signal and the receiver, for example the transmitter and / or receiver electronics in a control buoy, can have security measures. For example, the radio communication can be encrypted. The transmission and / or reception electronics to be controlled, in particular the ignition electronics, can be provided with addresses which are assigned only once, so that an ignition command only triggers the ignition of exactly one detonator. The security algorithms required for this can be adopted, for example, from the security algorithms of the mobile radio networks. Radio communication is understood to mean any form of remote data transmission, for example via radio frequencies or via mobile radio.

Alternatively or additionally, the radio communication can depend on the presence or absence of a previously described security pin. For example, by removing the safety pin (pull cord actuation), the ignition electronics can initially only be able to establish communication with a control computer system, for example in an aircraft, on the basis of the communication protocol. The ignition electronics only allow further steps after the communication has been successfully established. The pull cord actuation also serves to check that the extinguishing device has been dropped. The ignition electronics preferably provide that - even with activation due to a fault - ignition is not possible if the safety pin has not been pulled. Furthermore, the ignition electronics can be constructed in such a way that communication with the ignition electronics is always possible, for example in order to deactivate an igniter activated due to a fault. A small receiver electronics is preferably assigned a switching function which supplies the igniter with the energy for the ignition via a small power control.

In the event of an uncontrolled dropping off of the extinguishing container, it is provided in a preferred embodiment to detonate the explosive charge after a safety margin of, for example, two seconds. This can prevent damage to the aircraft or the impact of a non-detonated explosive charge on the ground in an emergency.

Instead of a ripcord, an ignition wire with a plug can be provided. A computer unit preferably identifies the detonator using an identifier. The flight time of the extinguishing container after dropping to the desired ignition is preferably calculated from the calculation of the ballistic trajectory, including parameters such as flight altitude and speed and wind speed, and fed into the ignition electronics. The ignition is preferably only activated when a "cutting charge" has been ignited and the bag suspension separates from the aircraft. Activation activates the countdown of the detonator, which ignites after the calculated ballistic flight time has elapsed.

In a fire fighting method according to the invention, using a container filled with extinguishing agent and at least one explosive charge and one detonator for the explosive charge with a constant ignition time after activation, the container is raised to a predetermined height (discharge height) and dropped. The discharge height also results from the ignition time of the detonator and the desired detonation height. The container is dropped at a height that ensures that the detonator ignites at the detonation level. To calculate the discharge height, container-specific data (shape, weight and the same) and environmental conditions such as wind conditions are taken into account.

The detonator is preferably activated when it is released. This avoids delay times that would lead to an ignition above the detonation level.

The actual height of the aircraft lifting the container is preferably measured by a laser measurement.

The above-described method preferably comprises the following method steps:

- A container with extinguishing agent and explosives is hung on a transport line of an aircraft. At the end of the transport line there is an ignition box which can activate the detonator in the container so that it ignites after a defined ignition time. A tab (securing pin) of a rip cord connected to the aircraft is preferably inserted into the ignition box. The tab of the tear line is preferably connected to the container such that the tab is pulled out of the ignition box when the container is dropped from the end of the transport line. The ignition box is electrically connected to a switch box in the aircraft via lines.

- When a minimum flight altitude is reached, the ignition box is activated by pressing a switch on the switch box. It is now able to activate the detonator. - The pilot drops the container above the desired detonation location. At the same time, the ignition box activates the igniter so that it ignites after a predetermined ignition time.

Activating the ignition box when the minimum flight altitude is reached means that one of the detonators cannot yet detonate the explosive while climbing to the minimum flight altitude. An accidental dropping of the container below the minimum flight height then does not result in a detonation, since the detonator cannot ignite.

Pulling out the lanyard flap serves to reassure the pilot that the container has actually been dropped. If the pilot drops the container and determines that a display on the start box does not indicate that the tab has been pulled out of the ignition box, the pilot knows that the container has not fallen down and has pulled the tab out of the ignition box. The pilot can then use emergency decoupling to drop the entire remote hook, for example.

The tab of the rip cord is preferably secured by a further pin. This pin is preferably also mechanically connected to the detonator such that it pulls the detonator out of the container when the container is dropped without the pin being pulled out of the tab. The pin is only pulled out of the tab when the minimum flight height is reached. If the container detaches from the hook when approaching the minimum flight height, the pin still held in the tab pulls the detonator out of the container. The container falls to the ground without a detonator. There is no detonation. Only when the minimum flight height is reached is the pin pulled out of the tab so that the detonator remains in the container when the container is thrown off. In a method according to the invention, two or more extinguishing containers are dropped simultaneously or almost simultaneously, preferably by an aircraft. The containers can be blown apart one after the other at a time, for example in the range of milliseconds, whereby an improved extinguishing effect can be achieved. The dropped extinguishing containers can be connected by lines or straps. The containers preferably fall to the ground one above the other.

In addition, the use of different types of explosives can influence the spread of the aerosol cloud and adapt it to the prevailing conditions. The types of explosives can also be mixed in one explosive charge. This is particularly advantageous when partial loads are used which are also arranged spatially separated from one another.

In a preferred embodiment, the containers are inflated with compressed air before being filled with extinguishing agent. This is particularly useful if the container is designed so that it can be stored folded and stored folded. In addition, when using a multi-layer container wall, the inner layer can be securely applied to the outer layer by means of compressed air. Other parts which are arranged to be movable within the container can also be brought into an intended position by using compressed air or another gas before they are filled with extinguishing agent.

When filling the extinguishing container according to a method according to the invention, the control buoy is inserted into the container after it has been partially filled and a radio peg, which can be located at the upper end of the buoy, is inserted into a tubular inner guide with a seal. There- the radio pin of the control buoy is guided through an opening in the container during the final filling process along the inner guide. The filling process can be carried out until the top of the control buoy is pressed against the top of the container, so that the opening for the radio plug is sealed against water and extinguishing agent leakage.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings.

Show in it

1: an embodiment of an extinguishing device according to the invention in a schematic side view,

2: an embodiment of a control buoy according to the invention in a partially sectioned, schematic side view of the dismantled control buoy,

3: an embodiment of a container for an explosive charge in a partially sectioned, schematic side view,

4: a further embodiment of a container for an explosive charge in a schematic side view,

5: a control buoy according to the invention with a reflector in a partially sectioned, schematic side view,

6: a helicopter with an extinguishing device according to the invention in a schematic side view,

7: the upper area of an extinguishing device according to the invention in a schematic sectional view, 8: the inner bag of an extinguishing device according to the invention with a container and an inner bag in a side view and

9: a detail of the representation according to FIG. 8.

In Fig. 1, a container 1 (explosive bag) is shown with a control buoy 2 arranged at the upper end. An inner bag 4 filled with explosives 3 is attached to the underside of the control buoy. An opening 5 is shown in the side wall of the extinguishing container as a fill valve.

At the top of the extinguishing container there is another opening through which a radio pin 6 of the control buoy 2 protrudes.

The radio peg 6 contains a bore 7 which is closed by a membrane (not shown) and which serves as a receptacle for a securing pin fastened to a rip cord (FIG. 2). For safety reasons, the radio peg 6 is replaced by a “dummy” peg 9 during the storage of the buoy and during the assembly of the functional unit, consisting of control buoy 6, explosive charge 4 and keel weight 8. Only shortly before the extinguishing container 1 is used is the “ Dummy 'pin 9 replaced by radio pin 6. For this purpose, the connection between control buoy and radio pin 6 or "dummy" pin 9 is designed in the form of a bayonet catch.

A fixing bracket 10 (shown rotated by 90 ° in FIG. 2) serves to fix the buoy within the extinguishing container.

On the underside of the control buoy 2 there is a threaded element 11, into which an inner bag 12 for the explosive charge with a corresponding thread is screwed. Various modules are arranged in FIG. 3, which can be screwed onto the threaded element 11. The inner bag 12 has a cylindrical shape and encloses a defined amount of explosives. By lining up several inner bags 12, the desired amount or the desired mixture of explosives of different types can be achieved in stages.

A cross or double cross element 13 additionally has further connection elements 15 pointing radially from the longitudinal axis. Inner bags 12 can in turn be attached to these connection elements 15.

The last element in the direction of gravity is usually formed by an end module 14 which has a ballast eye 16 for receiving a sand-filled keel ballast 8.

Another embodiment of an inner bag for attachment to the control buoy is shown in Fig. 4. According to FIG. 1, the explosive charge is in a perforated inner bag with a keel ballast 8 at its lower end.

5 shows a control buoy 2 with a reflector 17 which covers the top of the buoy 2. The reflector consists of an aluminum foil 19 with floating bodies 18 applied. The reflector 17 is secured against slipping sideways by the radio peg 6, which projects through a corresponding opening in the reflector 17.

6 shows a helicopter 100 with a transport line 102 (remote hook) and a container 104 according to the invention. An ignition box 106 is arranged in the region of the end of the transport line 102 on the container side. The helicopter 100 has a laser 108 for distance measurement. The Transport line 102 has a coupling 110 with which the lower part of the transport line 102 and the container 104 attached to it can be separated from the helicopter 100 in an emergency. An electrical line 112 leads from the helicopter 100 to the ignition box 106. The end of the rip cord is designed as a securing pin (tab) 114. The locking pin 114 is held in the ignition box by another pin, not shown. A line 118 leads from the safety pin 114 through a loop on the container 104 back to the ignition box 106 and is articulated there. The igniter has a constant ignition time.

To fight the fire, the helicopter 100 receives a container 104 filled with extinguishing agent. For this purpose, the container 104 is hung on the free end of the transport line 102. The detonator of the explosive charge located in the container 104 is electrically connected to the ignition box 106. The safety pin 114 of the ripcord 112 is pushed into the ignition box and secured with the pin 116.

If the helicopter reaches the minimum flight height, the safety pin 114 of the ripcord 112 is released. The locking pin can now be pulled out of the ignition box 106. When the helicopter reaches the throwing point, it opens the hook at the end of the transport line 102 and throws the container 104 off. Simultaneously, the ignition box 104 activates the igniter. The falling container pulls the safety pin 114 out of the ignition box 104 through the line 118. When the safety pin 114 leaves the ignition box, the pilot is shown in the helicopter that the container 104 has been safely dropped. If this feedback is not given, the pilot can disconnect the clutch 110 and thus finally and finally throw the container off. FIG. 7 shows a further development of the extinguishing device according to the invention. The extinguishing device consists of an outer container 200 and an inner container 202. The inner container 202 consists of a first, outer layer 204 and a second, inner layer 206. In the illustration in FIG. 7 shows the upper area of the container.

Shown is a loop 208 firmly incorporated into the outer container 200, for example a loop 208 woven into a textile outer container 200. The outer container 200 and the first, outer layer 204 each form a round opening in the uppermost region 210. A collar of the second, inner layer 212 is guided through these openings from the inside to the outside. A connecting flange 214 is attached to the collar. The connecting flange 214 has a round opening which leads through the connecting flange 214 and is closed at the top with a removable plug (dongle) 216.

A buoy 218 is arranged in the upper region of the container. The buoy 218 is designed to be inflatable and has an inner tube 220 passing through it centrally. The buoy is connected to the connecting flange 214 by the inner tube 220.

An inner bag 222 is guided through the inner tube 220. An explosive charge 224 is disposed in the inner bag 222. The inner bag 222 is connected to the connecting flange 214.

A fuse 226 is passed through the plug 216. The detonating cord 226 is connected at the end to a detonator 228 which is arranged in the explosive charge 224. The plug 216 has an opening 218 for a locking pin. The safety pin is connected to a tab via a rip cord, which is in an ignition box, not shown.

After the container (the space delimited by the inner layer 206) has been filled with extinguishing liquid, the uninflated buoy is inserted through the opening of the flange 214 into the inner layer 206 and inflated there. The inner bag 222 is guided with the explosive charge 224 through the inner tube 220. The detonator is inserted into the explosive charge 224 and the opening of the flange 214 is closed with the plug 216.

A locking pin is inserted into opening 228. Only when the safety pin is inserted is the fuse 226 continuous and can only transmit the ignition voltage when the safety pin is inserted.

The extinguishing container filled and activated in this way is received by an aircraft, as described in connection with FIG. 6. For this purpose, the container is hung on a hook with the loop. The fuse 226 is connected to an ignition box. A tab located at the end of a rip cord is also inserted into the ignition box and secured there. A safety pin located at the other end of the ripcord is inserted into the opening 228 of the plug 216 and releases the detonating cord 226 up to the detonator.

When the aircraft reaches the minimum flight height, the tab on the rip cord is released. Now pull the tab out of the ignition box. When the aircraft reaches the throwing point, the pilot opens the hook at the end of the transport line and throws the container off. At the same time, the ignition box activates the igniter. At this point in time the safety pin is still in the opening 228, the detonating cord is released up to the detonator. on. After ignition, the specified ignition time begins, after which the detonator triggers and detonates the explosive.

The falling container pulls the tab out of the ignition box. If the tab leaves the ignition box, the pilot is shown in the aircraft that the container has been safely dropped.

If the container detaches before the minimum discharge height is reached, the tab has not yet been released and cannot be pulled out of the ignition box. Rather, the stopper 216 and the igniter are pulled out of the container by the tear line and the securing pin held in the opening 228. Even if an ignition occurred when the container was incorrectly ejected below the minimum flight height, the detonator is triggered outside the container falling downward, so that there is no detonation.

Fig. 8 shows partial elements of an extinguishing device according to the invention, as they can be arranged inside the (not fully shown) container. A fixing lacing 300 is shown, which serves for the elastic fixing to compensate for the shape of the static and dynamic flight-related deformations to fix the position of the load in the desired center of detonation. A reflector 301 is also shown. Via a filler neck 302, a deliberately shaped explosive charge 303 can be inserted into a perforated or woven inner bag 304 through its insertion opening 305. The ignition cable 306 can be led outside through the filler neck 302. The explosive charge 303 is by means of fixing laces

307 held at the desired position. As shown in detail in FIG. 9, the inner sack 304 engages around a fixing element 308 at the end. The fixing element

308 is pressed into the multilayer, flexible container wall from the outside and forms a mushroom-shaped element. The inner sack 304 is placed at the end over the fixing element 308 and fixed with fastening elements, for example ties 309, around the web of the mushroom-shaped element. The container wall consists of 3 layers, namely a two-layer inner container (310, 311) and an outer container 312.

Claims

claims:

1. extinguishing device with a container for an extinguishing agent and an explosive charge, characterized by a control buoy for receiving a transmitter and / or receiver electronics.

2. Quenching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control buoy is buoyant.

3. Extinguishing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a locking pin which activates or deactivates the transmitter and / or receiver electronics when inserted into a corresponding opening in the control buoy.

4. Extinguishing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmitting and / or receiving device is activated by inserting the locking pin and an ignition device for the explosives is activated by the subsequent pulling out of the locking pin.

5. Extinguishing device according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized by a rip cord attached to the securing pin.

6. Extinguishing device according to one of the preceding device claims, characterized by a connecting element on the control buoy for connection to a component carrying the explosives and / or a keel weight.

7. extinguishing device with a container for an extinguishing agent and an explosive charge, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by means acting in the horizontal for fixing a component containing the explosive charge in a defined position in the container.

8. extinguishing device according to claim 7, characterized in that the component containing the explosive charge is fixed in the vicinity of the center of gravity of the container.

9. extinguishing device with a container for an extinguishing agent and an explosive charge, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one reflector.

10. extinguishing device with a container for an extinguishing agent, an explosive charge, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, and a filling opening, characterized by a closure flap for the filling opening.

11. Extinguishing device with a container for an extinguishing agent and an explosive charge, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the explosive charge and a detonator for igniting the explosive charge are arranged spatially separate from one another.

12. extinguishing device with a container for an extinguishing agent and an explosive charge, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the explosive charge is arranged in at least two partial charges.

13. Extinguishing device according to claim 12, characterized in that the partial loads are arranged peripherally to the center axis of the container pointing in the direction of gravity.

14. A fire fighting method with an extinguishing device with a container for an extinguishing agent and an explosive charge, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized by a control and / or monitoring of process steps based on remote data transmission.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized by a division of the control and / or monitoring into global and regional individual systems.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized by a three-dimensional communication system of the regional system for voice and data.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized by remote data transmission in real time.

18. Fire fighting method using at least one container filled with extinguishing agent and at least one explosive charge, in particular according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized by documentation of the extinguishing process.

19. The method according to any one of the preceding method claims, characterized by a location visualization for the global system and a drop environment visualization for the regional system, in each case using GPS data.

20. The method according to any one of the preceding method claims, characterized by dropping the container from an aircraft.

21. Fire-fighting method using at least one container filled with extinguishing agent and at least one explosive charge, in particular in particular according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized by the following steps: - triggering an alarm, - providing a command line on site on the ground, - providing the extinguishing agent and the container at a base camp, - activating replenishment logistics, - using flight readiness to pick up the explosives and for transporting the filled container to the source of the fire and - dropping and blowing up the extinguishing agent container.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized by triggering the container dropping by the pilot.

23. The method according to any one of the preceding method claims, characterized by a remote-controlled ignition of the explosive charge.

24. The method according to any one of the preceding method claims, characterized by an ignition of the explosive charge at a height of 5 to 15 meters above the earth's surface.

25. A fire-fighting method using containers filled with extinguishing agent and at least one explosive charge, in particular according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized by the simultaneous dropping of at least two containers.

26. Fire fighting method using at least one container filled with extinguishing agent and at least one explosive charge, in particular according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized by influencing the spread of aerosols by using different types of explosives.

27. A fire-fighting method, in particular according to one of the preceding method claims, using a container filled with extinguishing agent and at least one explosive charge, in particular using an extinguishing device according to one of claims 1 to 13, and a detonator for the explosive charge with a constant ignition time after activation , characterized by lifting the container to a predetermined height and dropping the container.

28. Process for filling a fire-fighting container with extinguishing agent, characterized by inflating the empty container ^* by means of compressed air before filling with extinguishing agent.