WO2004025748A1 - Dispositif photovoltaique comprenant un compose 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene - Google Patents
Dispositif photovoltaique comprenant un compose 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004025748A1 WO2004025748A1 PCT/EP2002/010120 EP0210120W WO2004025748A1 WO 2004025748 A1 WO2004025748 A1 WO 2004025748A1 EP 0210120 W EP0210120 W EP 0210120W WO 2004025748 A1 WO2004025748 A1 WO 2004025748A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tris
- aminophenyl
- photovoltaic device
- group
- benzene compound
- Prior art date
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- -1 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VVRQVWSVLMGPRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxotungsten Chemical class [W]=O VVRQVWSVLMGPRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004771 selenides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(ii) oxide Chemical class [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 47
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 27
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 14
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XDXWNHPWWKGTKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 207739-72-8 Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N(C=1C=C2C3(C4=CC(=CC=C4C2=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C1=CC(=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=C13)N(C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 XDXWNHPWWKGTKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- UROHNTNTRNJJCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenylcyclohexa-1,3-diene-1,3,5-triamine Chemical compound C1C(N)=CC(N)=CC1(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 UROHNTNTRNJJCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001810 isothiocyanato group Chemical group *N=C=S 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004262 HgTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001787 chalcogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002650 laminated plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 description 2
- YAYGSLOSTXKUBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(2+) Chemical compound [Ru+2] YAYGSLOSTXKUBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- CHEANNSDVJOIBS-MHZLTWQESA-N (3s)-3-cyclopropyl-3-[3-[[3-(5,5-dimethylcyclopenten-1-yl)-4-(2-fluoro-5-methoxyphenyl)phenyl]methoxy]phenyl]propanoic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(F)C(C=2C(=CC(COC=3C=C(C=CC=3)[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C3CC3)=CC=2)C=2C(CCC=2)(C)C)=C1 CHEANNSDVJOIBS-MHZLTWQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKWLILHTTGWKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxine Chemical compound O1CCOC2=CSC=C21 GKWLILHTTGWKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUNOBADFTHUUFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenylaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 MUNOBADFTHUUFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NNN=N1 MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJTQNWMJNPRJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(C)O[Ti]OC(C)C Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(C)O[Ti]OC(C)C XJTQNWMJNPRJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000284156 Clerodendrum quadriloculare Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000673 Indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYANOLXZXGPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ru+3].C(CCC)[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC Chemical compound [Ru+3].C(CCC)[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC NLYANOLXZXGPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052946 acanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CJOBVZJTOIVNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium sulfide Chemical compound [Cd]=S CJOBVZJTOIVNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper monosulfide Chemical compound [Cu]=S BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003869 coulometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007766 curtain coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- DHCWLIOIJZJFJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichlororuthenium Chemical compound Cl[Ru]Cl DHCWLIOIJZJFJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium arsenide Chemical compound [In]#[As] RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKUCEXGLFUSJCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(3+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Se-2].[Se-2].[In+3].[In+3] AKUCEXGLFUSJCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIXIBASSFIFHDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(3+);trisulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[S-2].[In+3].[In+3] SIXIBASSFIFHDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001261 isocyanato group Chemical group *N=C=O 0.000 description 1
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001916 photosynthetic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052699 polonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HZEBHPIOVYHPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N polonium atom Chemical compound [Po] HZEBHPIOVYHPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- IRPLSAGFWHCJIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenecopper Chemical compound [Se]=[Cu] IRPLSAGFWHCJIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- FSJWWSXPIWGYKC-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;silver;sulfanide Chemical compound [SH-].[Ag].[Ag+] FSJWWSXPIWGYKC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052959 stibnite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YPMOSINXXHVZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylideneantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=S YPMOSINXXHVZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBWFXUOHBJGAMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenebismuth Chemical compound [Bi]=S RBWFXUOHBJGAMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGWMQVQLSMAHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenesilver Chemical compound [Ag]=S PGWMQVQLSMAHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003627 tricarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/10—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene
- H10K2102/101—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene comprising transparent conductive oxides [TCO]
- H10K2102/102—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene comprising transparent conductive oxides [TCO] comprising tin oxides, e.g. fluorine-doped SnO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
- H10K85/344—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising ruthenium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/652—Cyanine dyes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photovoltaic device comprising a 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene compound optionally in a cationic form.
- the first type is the regenerative cell which converts light to electrical power leaving no net chemical change behind. Photons of energy exceeding that of the band gap generate electron- hole pairs, which are separated by the electrical field present in the space-charge layer. The negative charge carriers move through the bulk of the semiconductor to the current collector and the external circuit. The positive holes are driven to the surface where they are scavenged by the reduced form of the redox relay molecular (R) , oxidizing it: h + R —» 0, the oxidized form. 0 is reduced back to R by the electrons that re-enter the cell from the external circuit.
- R redox relay molecular
- photosynthetic cells operate on a similar principle except that there are two redox systems: one reacting with the holes at the surface of the semiconductor electrode and the second reacting with the electrons entering the counter-electrode.
- water is typically oxidized to oxygen at the semiconductor photoanode and reduced to hydrogen at the cathode. Titanium dioxide has been the favoured semiconductor for these studies.
- EP-A 1 176 646 discloses a solid state p-n heterojunction comprising an electron conductor and a hole conductor, characterized in that it further comprises a sensitizing semiconductor, said sensitizing semiconductor being located at an interface between said electron conductor and said hole conductor; and its application in a solid state sensitized photovoltaic cell.
- thermally stable organic hole-conducting compounds capable of forming stable transparent layers and being compatible with solid state photovoltaic cell configurations .
- EP 0 349 034 discloses a chemical compound corresponding to. the following general formula:
- R represents a -NR R group, wherein R and R , same or different, represents a C -C o alkyl groyp including said alkyl groups in substituted form, a benzyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or
- a photovoltaic device comprising a n-type semiconductor with a band-gap of greater than 2.9 eV and a 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene compound represented by formula (I) :
- R 1 represents a -NR3R4 group, wherein R3 and R4 , same or different, represents a C 2 -C ⁇ o alkyl group including the alkyl groups in substituted form, a benzyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or
- a process for preparing the above-mentioned photovoltaic device with at least one transparent electrode comprising the steps of: providing a support with a conductive layer as one electrode; coating the conductive layer on the support with a layer comprising the n-type semiconductor with a bandgap of greater than 2.9 eV; coating the n- type semiconductor-containing layer with a solution or dispersion comprising the 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene compound, or cation thereof, to provide after drying a layer comprising the 1,3,5-tris- aminophenyl-benzene compound; and applying a conductive layer to the layer comprising the 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene compound
- chalcogenide means a binary compound containing a chalcogen and a more electropositive element or radical.
- a chalcogen is an element from group IV of the periodic table including oxygen, sulphur, selenium, tellurium and polonium.
- support means a “self-supporting material” so as to distinguish it from a “layer” which may be coated on a support, but which is itself not self-supporting. It also includes any treatment necessary for, or layer applied to aid, adhesion to the support.
- continuous layer refers to a layer in a single plane covering the whole area of the support and not necessarily in direct contact with the support.
- non-continuous layer refers to a layer in a single plane not covering the whole area of the support and not necessarily in direct contact with the support.
- coating is used as a generic term including all means of applying a layer including all techniques for producing continuous layers, such as curtain coating and doctor-blade coating, and all techniques for producing non-continuous layers such as screen printing, ink jet printing, flexographic printing.
- PEDOT represents poly (3 , 4-ethylenedioxy- thiophene) .
- PSS poly (styrenesulphonic acid) or poly (styrenesulphonate) .
- a photovoltaic device comprising a n-type semiconductor with a band-gap of greater than 2.9 eV and a 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene compound represented by formula (I) : wherein R 1 represents a -NR3R4 group, wherein R3 and R4 , same or different, represents a C 2 -C 10 alkyl group including the alkyl groups in substituted form, a benzyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or
- R represents hydrogen, an alkyl group including a substituted alkyl group or halogen; and the 1,3,5-tris- aminophenyl-benzene compound is optionally in a cationic form.
- Photovoltaic devices can be of two types: the regenerative type which converts light into electrical power leaving no net chemical change behind in which current-carrying electrons are transported to the anode and the external circuit and the holes are transported to the cathode where they are oxidized by the electrons from the external circuit and the photosynthetic type in which there are two redox systems one reacting with the holes at the surface of the semiconductor electrode and one reacting with the electrons entering the counter- electrode, for example, water is oxidized to oxygen at the semiconductor photoanode and reduced to hydrogen at the cathode.
- the charge transporting process can be ionic or electronic.
- Such regenerative photovoltaic devices can have a variety of internal structures in conformity with the end use. Conceivable forms are roughly divided into two types: structures which receive light from both sides and those which receive light from one side.
- An example of the former is a structure made up of a transparently conductive layer e.g. an ITO-layer or a 'PEDOT/PSS-containing layer and a transparent counter electrode electrically conductive layer e.g. an ITO-layer or a PEDOT/PSS-containing layer having interposed therebetween a photosensitive layer and a charge transporting layer.
- Such devices preferably have their sides sealed with a polymer or an adhesive to prevent deterioration or volatilization of the inside substances.
- the external circuit connected to the electrically-conductive substrate and the counter electrode via the respective leads is well-known.
- the photovoltaic device comprises a single layer system.
- the photovoltaic device comprises a configuration in which the n-type semiconductor with a band-gap of greater than 2.9.eV is contiguous with the 1,3,5-tris- aminophenyl-benzene compound according to formula (I) or in which a spectral sensitizer is sandwiched between the n-type semiconductor with a band-gap of greater than 2.9 eV and the 1,3,5-tris- aminophenyl-benzene compound according to formula (I) .
- a photovoltaic device comprising a n-type semiconductor with a band-gap of greater than 2.9 eV and a 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl- benzene compound represented by formula (I) :
- R 1 represents a -NR3R4 group wherein R 3 and R4 , same or different, represents a C -C 10 alkyl group including the alkyl groups in substituted form, a benzyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or
- R represents hydrogen, an alkyl group including a substituted alkyl group or halogen; and the 1,3,5-tris- aminophenyl-benzene compound is optionally in a cationic form.
- the 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl- benzene compound represented by formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of:
- Suitable 1, 3 , 5-Tris-aminophenyl-benzene (TAPB) compounds include:
- TAPB01 has a glass transition temperature of 107°C.
- Cations of 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene compounds according to formula (I) can be prepared by oxidation of the particular 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene compound with an oxidizing agent such as N(p-C6HBr) 3 SbCl 6 .
- an oxidizing agent such as N(p-C6HBr) 3 SbCl 6 .
- the n-type semiconductor has a bandgap of less than 6.0 eV.
- the n-type semiconductor is selected from the group consisting of titanium oxides, tin oxides, niobium oxides, tantalum oxides, tungsten oxides and zinc oxides.
- the n-type semiconductor may be porous or non-porous, although nonporous n-type semiconductors are preferred.
- the n-type semiconductor is titanium dioxide.
- the photovoltaic device further contains at least one spectral sensitizer.
- the photovoltaic device further contains at least one spectral sensitizer selected from the group consisting of metal chalcogenide nano-particles with a band-gap of less than 2.9 eV and greater than 1.5 eV, organic dyes and metallo- organic dyes .
- the photovoltaic device further contains at least one spectral sensitizer selected from the group consisting metal oxides, metal sulphides and metal selenides.
- the photovoltaic device further contains one or more metal sulphides nano-particles with a band-gap of less than 2.9 eV and greater than 1.5 eV.
- the photovoltaic device further contains one or more metal chalcogenide nano-particles selected from the group consisting of lead sulphide, bismuth sulphide, cadmium sulphide, silver sulphide, antimony sulphide, indium sulphide, copper sulphide, cadmium selenide, copper selenide, indium selenide and cadmium telluride.
- EP-A 1 176 646, herein incorporated by reference, discloses a solid state p-n heterojunction comprising an electron conductor and a hole conductor, characterized in that it further comprises a sensitizing semiconductor, said sensitizing semiconductor being located at an interface between said electron conductor and said hole conductor; and its application in a solid state sensitized photovolaic cell.
- the sensitizing semiconductor is in the form of particles adsorbed at the surface of said electron conductor and in a further preferred embodiment the sensitizing semiconductor is in the form of quantum dots, which according to a particularly preferred embodiment are particles consisting of PbS, CdS, Bi S 3 , Sb 2 S 3 , Ag 2 S, InAs, CdTe, CdSe or HgTe or solid solutions of HgTe/CdTe or HgSe/CdSe.
- Suitable spectrally sensitizing organic dyes (SSOD) include cyanine, erocyanine and anionic dyes, such as:
- Suitable spectrally sensitizing metallo-organic dyes allowing for broad absorption of the solar spectrum include: chemical name
- Ruthenium 470 a ruthenium tris (2,2'bipyridyl-4, 4' dicarboxylato) dye from Solaronix ruthenium (II) dichloride
- Ruthenium 505 a ruthenium cis-bis (isocyanato) (2,2 'bipyridyl-4, 4' dye from Solaronix dicarboxylato) ruthenium (II)
- Ruthenium 535 previously cis-bis (isothiocyanato)bis (2, 2 '-bipyridyl- known as SRS-HQ, N3 ) , a 4,4' -dicarboxylato) -ruthenium(II) ruthenium dye from Solaronix
- Ruthenium 620 Black Dye, (anion only) tris (isothiocyanato) - a ruthenium dye from ruthenium(II) -2, 2' :6' , 2 "-terpyridine-4, 4' ,4"- Solaronix tricarboxylic acid
- aspects of the present invention are realized by a process for preparing a photovoltaic device, according to the present invention, with at least one transparent electrode comprising the steps of: providing a support with a conductive layer as one electrode; coating the conductive layer on the support with a layer comprising the n-type semiconductor with a bandgap of greater than 2.9 eV; coating the n-type semiconductor-containing layer with a solution or dispersion comprising the 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl- benzene compound, or cation thereof, to provide after drying a layer comprising the 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene compound; and applying a conductive layer to the layer comprising the 1,3,5-tris- aminophenyl-benzene compound thereby providing a second electrode.
- the solution or dispersion of the 1,3,5- tris-aminophenyl-benzene compound according to formula (I) or cation thereof further contains a binder.
- the solution or dispersion of the 1,3,5- tris-aminophenyl-benzene compound according to formula (I) or cation thereof further contains an electrolyte.
- Suitable electrolytes include Li [ (CF S0 2 ) 2 N] and lithium trifluoromethanesulphonate (lithium triflate) .
- the process further comprises the step of applying a solution or dispersion of a spectral sensitizer directly to the n-type semiconductor layer.
- Supports for use according to the present invention include polymeric films, silicon, ceramics, oxides, glass, polymeric film reinforced glass, glass/plastic laminates, metal/plastic laminates, paper and laminated paper, optionally treated, provided with a subbing layer or other adhesion promoting means to aid adhesion to the layer configuration, according to the present invention.
- Suitable polymeric films are poly (ethylene terephthalate) , poly(ethylene naphthalate) , polystyrene, polyethersulphone, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polyamide, polyimides, cellulose triacetate, polyolefins and poly(vinylchloride) , optionally treated by corona discharge or glow discharge or provided with a subbing layer.
- Layers of nano-porous metal oxide semiconductors with a band- gap of greater than 2.9 eV prepared according the process, according to the present invention, can be used in both regenerative and photosynthetic photovoltaic devices.
- Photovoltaic devices with solid state organic hole conductor and high temperature sintered nano-porous Ti0 2 are described.
- Photovoltaic devices 1 to 3 were prepared by the following procedure:
- a glass plate (2 x 7 cm ) coated with conductive Sn ⁇ 2 :F (Pilkington TEC15/3) with a surface conductivity of ca. 15 Ohm/square was ultrasonically cleaned in isopropanol for 5 minutes and then dried.
- a small strip of Sn ⁇ 2 :F was removed to prevent short circuit.
- the glass electrode was partially covered with glass on the long side and a dense non-porous hole blocking titanium dioxide layer applied by spray pyrolysis of an ethanolic solution of di- isopropoxy titanium-bis (acetylacetone) in aerosol form as described by Kavan L. et al. In Electrochim. Acta (1995), 40(5), 643-52, herein incorporated by reference.
- Triton X-100 Triton X-100.
- the resulting titanium dioxide colloidal dispersion was cooled in ice and ultrasonically treated for 5 minutes. This dispersion was then doctor-blade coated onto the middle (0.7 x 4.5
- Nano-sized titanium dioxide dispersion-coated glass electrodes were ' heated at 450°C for 30 minutes then cooled to 150°C on a hot plate at 150 °C for 10 minutes thereby yielding a nano-porous Ti ⁇ 2 layer thickness of 2 ⁇ m. After cooling to 150°C, the nano-porous Ti0 2 layer-coated glass electrode was immediately immersed in a 2 x 10 -4 M solution of the Ruthenium
- N(p-C 6 H 4 Br) 3 SbCl 6 oxidized the charge transport compound to its cationic salt, Li [ (CF 3 S ⁇ 2 ) 2 N] acting as an electrolyte.
- Sufficient N(p-C 6 H 4 Br) 3 S Cl 6 was present to ensure that the oxidation process went to completion as determined spectrophotometrically by 40 monitoring, in the case of TABPOl, the 397 nm, 695 nm and 772 nm peaks of the cationic state in analogy to the absorption spectrum reported in 1994 by Bonvoisin et al. in Journal of Physical Chemistry, volume 98, pages 5052-5057. Bonvoisin et al. reported that cyclic voltammetry and coulometry on TABPOl showed a unique, reversible, oxidation wave corresponding to a three-electron process, which was accompanied by the appearance of three bands at
- TABPOl and TAPB03 appear to be oxidizable to their tri-cations i.e. all three nitrogens in the molecule are oxidizable, whereas in the case of Spiro-OMeTAD only two of the four nitrogens apppear to be oxidizable.
- the front electrode coated with the charge transport compound was then dried in the dark under Argon at 25°C for 30 minutes 0 followed by drying in a vacuum exicator for a further 30 minutes in dark. Finally a gold electrode was evaporated on top.
- the photovoltaic device configuration is shown in Figure 1. 0
- the cell was irradiated with a Steuernagel Solar Constant 575 solar simulator with a metal halide 1 AM light source. The simulator was adjusted to about 1 sunequivalent .
- the electricity generated was recorded with a Type 2400 SMU Keithley electrometer in the voltage range -1 to +1 volt. 5
- Table 1 lists the short circuit current (Isc) and open circuit voltage (Voc) for the devices.
- the acti .ve area was 0.14 cm2.
- Table 1 Table 1 :
- Photovoltaic devices 4 to 6 were prepared by the following procedure:
- Photovoltaic devices 4 to 6 were prepared as described for Photovoltaic devices 1 to 3 , except that nano-titanium dioxide dispersion-coated glass electrode was first dried at 110°C for 5 minutes, then, after cooling to room temperature, a pressure of 500 bars was applied for 5 seconds. This pressure sintered coating was then heated to 150°C, immediately immersed m a 2 x 10 -4 M solution of the Ruthenium 535 bis-TBA dye and then washed and dried as described for Photovoltaic devices 1 to 3.
- Photovoltaic device 7 was prepared by the following procedure
- a 2 x 7 cm piece of ITO-coated (from 1ST) with a surface resistivity of 70 Ohm/square was cleaned by rinsing in ethanol and ozone treatment.
- the electrode was partially covered with adhesive tape and put in an electron-beam apparatus. It was placed overnight in a vacuum with continuous pumping and the non-porous Ti ⁇ 2 was applied locally to the substrate. After the deposition, the vacuum was released and the sample was ready to use. 5 g of DEGUSSA P25 titanium dioxide nano-particles was added to
- the coated PET electrode with the nano titanium dioxide dispersion was first dried at 110°C for 5 minutes, then, after cooling to room temperature, a pressure of 500 bars was applied for
- Table 2 lists the results for the different hole transporting materials with pressure sintered Ti ⁇ 2 on a glass electrode and on an ITO-PET electrode.
- Photovoltaic devices 5 and 6 with 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene compounds TAPB01 and TAPB03 in a tri-cationic form and pressure sintered titanium dioxide exhibit photovoltaic effects, which are much closer to the performance of the reference photovoltaic device with Spiro-OMeTAD than for photovoltaic devices with heat sintered titanium dioxide.
- the present invention may include any feature or combination of features disclosed herein either implicitly or explicitly or any generalisation thereof irrespective of whether it relates to the presently claimed invention.
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Abstract
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004535032A JP2005538557A (ja) | 2002-09-10 | 2002-09-10 | 1,3,5−トリス−アミノフェニル−ベンゼン化合物を含んでなる光電池装置 |
AU2002333816A AU2002333816A1 (en) | 2002-09-10 | 2002-09-10 | Photovoltaic device comprising a 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene compound |
EP02807793A EP1543570A1 (fr) | 2002-09-10 | 2002-09-10 | Dispositif photovoltaique comprenant un compose 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene |
PCT/EP2002/010120 WO2004025748A1 (fr) | 2002-09-10 | 2002-09-10 | Dispositif photovoltaique comprenant un compose 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene |
US10/657,894 US20040094197A1 (en) | 2002-09-10 | 2003-09-09 | Photovoltaic device comprising a 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene compound |
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PCT/EP2002/010120 WO2004025748A1 (fr) | 2002-09-10 | 2002-09-10 | Dispositif photovoltaique comprenant un compose 1,3,5-tris-aminophenyl-benzene |
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EP (1) | EP1543570A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2005538557A (fr) |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1837929A1 (fr) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-26 | Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) | Matériau de transport de charge liquide |
EP1979915A2 (fr) * | 2005-12-28 | 2008-10-15 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions comprenant de nouveaux composes et dispositifs electroniques produits au moyen de ces compositions |
US8440324B2 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2013-05-14 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions comprising novel copolymers and electronic devices made with such compositions |
US8617720B2 (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2013-12-31 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Electroactive composition and electronic device made with the composition |
US8648333B2 (en) | 2009-10-19 | 2014-02-11 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Triarylamine compounds for use in organic light-emitting diodes |
US8937300B2 (en) | 2009-10-19 | 2015-01-20 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Triarylamine compounds for use in organic light-emitting diodes |
CN114292643A (zh) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 湖南智享未来生物科技有限公司 | 一种苯三胺碳点、制备方法以及在细胞核染色中的应用 |
Families Citing this family (1)
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JP5181550B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-04 | 2013-04-10 | コニカミノルタビジネステクノロジーズ株式会社 | 光電変換素子 |
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- 2002-09-10 WO PCT/EP2002/010120 patent/WO2004025748A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2002-09-10 EP EP02807793A patent/EP1543570A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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- 2002-09-10 AU AU2002333816A patent/AU2002333816A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8440324B2 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2013-05-14 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions comprising novel copolymers and electronic devices made with such compositions |
EP1979915A2 (fr) * | 2005-12-28 | 2008-10-15 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions comprenant de nouveaux composes et dispositifs electroniques produits au moyen de ces compositions |
EP1979915A4 (fr) * | 2005-12-28 | 2009-08-05 | Du Pont | Compositions comprenant de nouveaux composes et dispositifs electroniques produits au moyen de ces compositions |
EP2412699A1 (fr) * | 2005-12-28 | 2012-02-01 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions comportant des nouveaux composés et des dispositifs électroniques fabriqués avec ces composés |
EP1837929A1 (fr) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-26 | Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) | Matériau de transport de charge liquide |
WO2007107961A1 (fr) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-27 | Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) | Matière de transport de charges liquide |
JP2009530791A (ja) * | 2006-03-23 | 2009-08-27 | エコール ポリテクニーク フェデラル ドゥ ローザンヌ(エーペーエフエル) | 液体電荷輸送材料 |
US8105865B2 (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2012-01-31 | Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) | Liquid charge transporting material |
US8648333B2 (en) | 2009-10-19 | 2014-02-11 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Triarylamine compounds for use in organic light-emitting diodes |
US8937300B2 (en) | 2009-10-19 | 2015-01-20 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Triarylamine compounds for use in organic light-emitting diodes |
US8617720B2 (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2013-12-31 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Electroactive composition and electronic device made with the composition |
CN114292643A (zh) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 湖南智享未来生物科技有限公司 | 一种苯三胺碳点、制备方法以及在细胞核染色中的应用 |
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EP1543570A1 (fr) | 2005-06-22 |
AU2002333816A1 (en) | 2004-04-30 |
JP2005538557A (ja) | 2005-12-15 |
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