WO2004001185A1

WO2004001185A1 - A pumping unit with a curved and folded walking beam

Info

Publication number: WO2004001185A1
Application number: PCT/CN2003/000405
Authority: WO
Inventors: Zhiping Zhang; Zhaoyong Guo; Guangshun Zhang
Original assignee: Zhiping Zhang; Zhaoyong Guo; Guangshun Zhang
Priority date: 2002-06-20
Filing date: 2003-05-29
Publication date: 2003-12-31
Also published as: CN1391028A

Abstract

The invention discloses a pumping unit with a curved and folded beam, comprising a base (1), a motor (2), a transmission mechanism (4), a crank-link assembly (5), a balance weight for the crank (10), a frame (9), a cable hanger assembly (11), a horse head (12), a bearing assembly for the frame (14), a walking beam assembly (13) and a bearing assembly (8) on the trail end of the walling beam. The trail end of the walking beam is curved and folded downward for a distance. The bearing assembly (13) on the trail end of the walling beam is provided on the upper surface of the trail end of the walking beam (13) and the balance weight (6) for the walking beam (13) on the lower surface of the trail end of the walking beam. Since the balance weight (6) is lowered for a distance, the output torque of the crank and therefore the power consumption is reduced during operation.

Description

Bend beam pumping unit

Technical field

The present invention relates to a three-fold travelling beam balanced pumping unit product for oil fields, which is referred to as a three-fold travelling beam pumping unit.

Background technique

With the development of the oil field, the energy of the reservoir is reduced, and the proportion of mechanical emu oil is increasing. The beam pumping unit is usually assembled by functional parts such as the base, the motor, the reducer and the crank link assembly, the crank balance weight, the bracket, the suspender assembly, the donkey head, the bracket bearing assembly, the beam assembly, and the tail bearing assembly. Due to its reliability and simple structure, this type of pumping unit has attracted more and more attention. Although conventional beam pumping units (conventional units) have poor balance effects, large reductions in the net torque of the reducer output, Disadvantages such as high energy consumption, and many new energy-saving pumping units have come out in recent years. However, in the field of mechanical oil recovery, conventional engines have always occupied an absolute dominant position. This is especially true abroad. The basic reason is that the conventional machine has high reliability, simple structure, ruggedness, and convenient maintenance and operation. Because the pumping unit works in the field all year round, and there is no one to monitor it at work, its working reliability directly affects the efficiency of oil production. For this reason, the oilfield's requirements for pumping units are firstly reliability and durability, and secondly, some icing on the cake, such as smooth operation and energy-saving effects.

Summary of the Invention

The object of the present invention is to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a three-fold beam pumping unit product that has high reliability, durability and energy saving effects.

The following technical solutions can be adopted to achieve the purpose. Tri-fold beam pumping unit, including base, motor, reducer and crank connecting rod assembly, crank balance weight, bracket, suspension device, donkey head, bracket shaft component, beam component, tail bearing component, etc. The tail is made into a downward zigzag shape. The tail bearing assembly is installed on the upper side of the tail of the beam, and a beam balance weight is installed on the lower side of the tail of the beam.

Compared with the prior art, this technical solution has the following advantages and effects.

The three-fold travelling beam pumping unit not only retains the characteristics of reliability and durability of conventional machines, but also reduces the stress on the crank link, tail bearing assembly, and reducer due to the balance of the travelling beam, making it reliable, Durability is further improved. At the same time, due to the effect of the balance weight, the fluctuation of the net torque output of the reducer of the three-fold beam pumping unit is significantly reduced, which achieves a better energy saving effect. Its compound balance torque can be well balanced with the load torque, thereby reducing the peak value of the output net torque, smoothing its valley value (eliminating negative torque) and reducing its fluctuation. As shown by the "M" curve in Figure 4, energy-saving effects are achieved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-fold beam pumping unit;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-barbell;

Figure 3 is a diagram of the balance torque generated by the crank balance weight of the conventional machine on the crankshaft; In the picture: the base 1, the motor 2, the belt 3, the reducer 4, the crank link assembly 5, the beam balance weight 6, the beam assembly 8, the bracket 9, the crank balance weight 14.

detailed description

Embodiment 1. A three-fold oil beam pumping unit has a tail beam formed in a downwardly zigzag shape, a bearing assembly is installed on the upper side of the tail beam, and a beam balance weight is installed on the lower side of the tail beam. Embodiment 2. On the basis of Embodiment 1, a three-fold oil beam pumping unit is welded with steel plates, and its cross-sectional shape is made into a box structure or an I-shaped steel structure.

Embodiment 3. On the basis of Embodiment 1, a three-fold oil beam pumping unit is made of a balance weight of a travel beam, and a barbell structure is hung on the lower end of the travel beam or a non-barbell-type structure, and is fixed at the rear end of the travel beam assembly. As shown in Figure 2.

Embodiment 4. On the basis of Embodiment 1, a three-fold oil beam pumping unit can be made of cast iron, steel plate, or other materials. Its shape can be made into a disc shape like a barbell, or it can be made into a square shape. For non-circular shapes, such as rectangular and rectangular, the weight is adjusted by the structure of multiple pieces (multiple pieces) and the size of each piece (piece).

Embodiment 5. The three-fold oil beam pumping unit is based on Embodiment 1. The tail bearing assembly is fastened to the upper side of the tail of the beam with bolts.

The pumping unit of this technology is equivalent to moving the upper side of the tail of a conventional beam down, changing the tail bearing assembly originally installed on the lower side of the beam to the upper side of the tail of the beam, and placing the original The beam assembly was relocated to the top of the beam, and a set of beam balance weights 6 was added to the lower side of the tail of the beam. The rest all retained the conventional machine structure. Therefore, the three-fold travelling beam pumping unit not only retains the reliability and durability of conventional machines, but also reduces the forces on the crank link assembly, tail bearing assembly, and reducer due to the balance weight of the travelling beam. Its reliability and durability are further improved. At the same time, due to the role of 6 in the balance of the beam, the fluctuation of the net torque output of the reducer of the three-fold beam pumping unit is significantly reduced, which achieves a better energy saving effect.

When this pumping unit is in operation, the motor is used to drive the reducer through a belt, and the decelerating output shaft drives the beam through the crank link assembly to turn the continuous circular motion of the crank shaft into a beam. The reciprocating swing of the traveling beam through the donkey head installed at its front end turns the reciprocating swing into a reciprocating linear motion of the suspension rope and the suspension device, so that the reciprocating oil pump that is suspended by the suspension rod on the suspension device works . When the suspender moves upwards, it is necessary to lift the sucker rod, the oil pump plunger, the liquid column above the plunger, and the inertia load and friction resistance load to work. This process is the same as conventional oil extraction. The difference between the two is:

When the conventional machine is working, in order to reduce the unevenness of the work performed by the power machine in the up and down strokes of the suspension, a crank balance weight is added to the zone handle. When the pumping unit travels down, the power engine and the weight of the sucker rod column work together to increase the crank balance weight. During the upward stroke, the drop of the crank balance weight and the power machine suspend the weight hanging on the rope hanger. Do some work and lift it up. The balance torque generated by the crank balance weight to the crank changes according to the sine law, as shown by the "Ml" curve in Figure 3. Because the four-bar mechanism composed of the crank link cannot achieve the "infinite crank" like the ideal model "Short, infinite link length," etc., plus the effect of the inertia load of the suspension point load motion, resulting in the load torque generated by the suspension point load on the crankshaft, the change law deviates from the sine law, and a positive peak appears before 90 degrees A negative peak appears again after 270 degrees, as shown by the "M2" curve in Figure 3. Because the two cannot be well balanced, the crankshaft output net torque still has a large peak, a deep valley (negative torque), large fluctuations, and large energy consumption, as shown in "M" in Figure 3. Shown in the curve.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the poor balance effect of the conventional machine, the three-fold beam pumping unit achieves the compound balance by installing a beam counterweight on the lower side of the beam tail while retaining the crank balance. Because the balance beam is installed at the tail of the beam and is offset downward by a certain distance (angle), the balance moment of the beam relative to the swing center of the beam and the bracket bearing assembly 14 is balanced at the lowest point of the stroke at the suspension point. Large moment, with upward movement of the suspension point, balance force The moment is gradually decreasing, which is equivalent to the balance moment of the crank shaft, so that its positive and negative peaks are shifted in directions greater than 270 degrees and less than 90 degrees, respectively, as shown by the "M3" curve in Figure 4; The balance moment (shown as the "M curve in Fig. 4") is superimposed, and the compound moment formed on the crankshaft is shown in the "MC" curve in Fig. 4, and its variation law and load torque are shown in "4" The M2 "curve is relatively close, which can be well balanced with the load torque, thereby reducing the peak value of the crank output net torque, smoothing its valley value (eliminating negative torque), and reducing its fluctuation, as shown in the" M "curve in Figure 4. As shown, energy saving effect is achieved.

Compared with the pumping unit manufactured by this patent under the same working conditions (such as well, same pump, same pump hanging, same stroke, etc.), the energy saving effect is obvious. For example, the commonly used 4.8-meter stroke, 12-type three-fold beam pumping unit is compared with conventional units under certain operating conditions (as shown in the table below). It can be seen from the comparison parameters that the three-fold travelling beam pumping unit can save 25% of its energy under this condition. If the energy saving factor of the reduced motor power of the three-fold beam pumping unit is taken into account, the energy saving value will be greater than 30%. Of course, different models of pumping units and different working conditions will change the energy saving situation. In addition, the stroke length of conventional pumping units is generally small, and the three-way beam pumping unit can be made larger in stroke length when it is manufactured, so that the three-way beam pumping unit has a long stroke. The energy-saving effect obtained is also a number that cannot be ignored.

The three-fold travelling beam pumping unit according to the present invention can be used in the manufacture of new pumping units, and can also be used to modify existing conventional units in use. At present, China needs an average of 5,000-7,000 new pumping units per year, and there are no less than 75,000 conventional units in use. It can be seen that whether it is manufacturing new machines or retrofitting old machines, there are broad market prospects. Attached Table Three parameter comparison table of beam pumping unit and conventional unit under the same working conditions

Pumping unit model CYJZ12-4.8-53f CYJ12-4.8-73HB Three-fold travelling beam pumping unit Conventional pumping unit Spring diameter (mm) 56 56

Rod diameter (mm) 22 22

Pump diameter (m) 1580 1580 Stroke (m) 4.8 4.8

Stroke times (min— ¹ ) 6 6

Reducer rated torque (kN · m) 53 73

Motor rated power (kW) 30 55

Static load (kn) 75.2 75.2

Maximum load (kn) 85.5 86

Minimum load (kn) 37.2 37.1

Output torque (kn 'm) 48.9 66.7

Root Mean Square Torque (kn ■ m) 30.13 40

Instantaneous maximum torque (Kn · m) 30.7 41.9

Root Mean Square Power (kw) 18.9 25.2

Equilibrium Index (ITE) 53.6% 39.4% Daily fluid production (m ³ / d) 82.2 82

Yield increase (m ³ / d) 0.2

Energy saving (compared to conventional pumping unit) 25% (excluding motor, line loss reduction

Minor energy saving factors)

Claims

Rights request

1. A three-fold travelling beam pumping unit, including a base, a motor, a reducer and a crank connecting rod assembly, a crank counterweight, a bracket, a suspension device, a head, a bracket bearing assembly, a beam assembly, and a tail bearing assembly Etc. It is characterized in that the tail of the beam is made into a downwardly zigzag shape, a tail bearing assembly is installed on the upper side of the tail of the beam, and a beam balance weight is installed on the lower side of the tail of the beam.

2. The pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the beam assembly is welded with a steel plate, and the cross-sectional shape is made into a box structure or an I-shaped steel structure.

3. The oil pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the balance beam is made into a barbell structure which is hung on the lower end of the beam or a non-barrel structure, and is fixed on the tail end of the beam assembly.

4. The pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the beam balance weight is made of cast iron, steel plate, or other materials, made into a disc shape such as a barbell, or made into a square or rectangular non-circular shape, and the weight thereof Through the multi-chip structure and the size adjustment of each chip.

5. The pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein: the tail bearing assembly is fastened to the upper side of the tail of the beam by bolts.