WO2004089218A1 - 機能画像の表示方法及び装置 - Google Patents
機能画像の表示方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B6/46—Arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
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- A61B6/463—Displaying means of special interest characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/50—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
- A61B6/507—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for determination of haemodynamic parameters, e.g. perfusion CT
Definitions
- the present invention relates to analyzing and evaluating biological function information based on tomographic images obtained from an image diagnostic apparatus such as a CT apparatus and an MRI apparatus.
- a diagnosis may be made in view of a plurality of functional information comprehensively.
- cerebral blood flow Cerebral Blood Flow N clogging CBF
- amount of cerebral blood Cerebral Blood Volume, i.e. CBV
- mean transit time Mean Transit Time, i.e. Diagnosis by comprehensively observing information obtained from each of multiple functional images such as MTT) images and information obtained from tomographic images (eg, anatomical findings such as early CTsign, blood vessel running, and tissue position) .
- SPECT Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
- SISCOM Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
- An object of the present invention is to integrate information obtained from a tomographic image and information obtained from a plurality of functional images into a single image by using a single diagnostic imaging device (modality) to easily determine the severity. It is an object of the present invention to provide an image diagnostic apparatus that can be implemented. An object of the present invention is to display only information of a necessary part of information in a plurality of necessary functional images, prevent a user from being confused by complicated information, and enable an efficient judgment of severity. A diagnostic device and an image diagnostic method are provided.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for temporally changing biofunction information from functional images created based on CT or MR images during a plurality of examinations without losing the original shape of the examination site. It is an object of the present invention to provide an image diagnostic apparatus and an image diagnostic method capable of analyzing performance information by easily grasping a dagger.
- Another object of the present invention is to evaluate the temporal change in performance information in a manner that is independent of the habit of an operator even when different operators analyze the same data.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an image diagnostic apparatus and an image diagnostic method that can be analyzed.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a CT device or It is an object of the present invention to provide an image diagnostic apparatus and an image diagnostic method capable of grasping and analyzing time-dependent changes in biological function information using any modality such as an MR apparatus. That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a means for collecting image data of a subject, a means for creating a tomographic image from the image data, and calculating at least one piece of performance information from the tomographic image Means for creating at least one functional image based on the raw function information; an image after operation obtained by calculating the functional images; a composite image of the functional images; Means for creating a composite image obtained by combining at least one of the functional images with the tomographic image; and display means capable of displaying the functional image, the post-computation image, the tomographic image, and the composite image.
- the means for creating the functional image and the means for creating a composite image may include at least a part of the area in the functional image and the post-computation image corresponding to the evaluation value of the functional information. Any group that responded It displayed in retardation color scale, other regions of the functional image and the post-operation in the image and displaying the Guradeshi 'tio down or transparent any not included in the color scale color.
- the composite image is displayed by any one of superimposed display, side-by-side display, or partial display. .
- the means for creating the functional image includes the functional image in the other area in the functional image.
- the ratio is set to zero.
- the means for creating the functional image may arbitrarily change a gradation force scale assigned to the biological function information. It is characterized by being possible.
- the means for creating the composite image arbitrarily sets a ratio of each functional image and the tomographic image in the composite image. It can be set.
- the image data value in the pixel unit is set outside the predetermined range by an external force ⁇ .
- the above-mentioned partial area in the functional image is specified.
- the means for creating the functional image includes an arbitrary region of interest in the functional image, It is characterized in that it is determined as a partial area.
- the means for creating the functional image includes a predetermined window level using a pixel value which is a value for each pixel of the image data. And the one within the window width are associated with a conversion coefficient, and the gradation color scale is determined based on the conversion coefficient.
- a gradation color scale to be assigned to the functional image is set to a pixel of image data for each RGB. It is characterized in that it is determined by various look-up tables in which a pixel value, which is a value for each, is associated with a conversion coefficient.
- the biological function information is one of blood flow function information represented by a blood flow, a blood volume, an average transit time, and the like. At least one of the following.
- An image display method comprising: at least one step of creating a composite image by combining the tomographic image; and a display step capable of displaying the functional image, the post-computation image, the tomographic image, and the composite image.
- the means for creating the functional image and the step of creating the composite image include: evaluating at least a part of the area in the functional image and the post-computation image by evaluating the biological function information Any displayed in gradient color skating Honoré corresponding to other regions of the functional image and the post-operation in the image and displaying the gradation force or transparent any color that is not included in Lars scale.
- the composite image is displayed by one of superimposed display, side-by-side display, or partial display. Is displayed.
- the ratio of the functional image in another part in the functional image Is characterized by the fact that
- the gradation color scale assigned to the raw fiber information image may be arbitrarily set. Can be changed.
- the ratio of each of the functional image and the tomographic image in the composite image is determined. It can be set arbitrarily.
- the image data value in the pixel unit is set to a value within a predetermined range.
- the method is characterized in that the partial area in the image is specified.
- the step of creating the functional image in the step of creating the functional image, an arbitrary region of interest in the functional image is displayed in the functional image. It is characterized in that it is determined as a partial area.
- the predetermined window in the image display method according to the eleventh to ninth features, is defined by a pixel value that is a value for each pixel of the image data.
- the gradation color scale is determined by associating the level and the window width with a conversion coefficient, and determining the gradation color scale based on the conversion coefficient.
- the gradation color scale to be assigned to the functional image is set to image data for each RGB. It is determined by various look-up tables in which a pixel value, which is a value for each pixel, and a conversion coefficient are associated with each other.
- the biological function information is a blood flow represented by a blood flow rate, a blood volume, an average transit time, and the like. It is at least one of the flow function information.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a method and an apparatus for displaying a functional image according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart from data collection to display of a composite image.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method of calculating a conversion coefficient.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a functional image lookup table.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a functional image lookup table.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a tomographic image lookup table.
- Figure 7 is a sample image of the blend function image.
- FIG. 8 is a sample image of the tomographic image projection blending function image.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart from the data collection to the display of the composite image according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of an ROI setting method at the time of calculation between images according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is an MTT functional image before treatment in Example 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is an MTT functional image after treatment in Example 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is an image obtained by synthesizing the MTT difference image and the CT tomogram before and after the treatment in Example 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a CBV functional image before treatment.
- FIG. 15 is a functional CBV image after treatment.
- FIG. 16 is an image obtained by synthesizing the CT tomogram and the CBV and MTT differential images before and after the treatment with respect to FIGS. 11, 12, 14, and 15 above.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a preferred embodiment of a method and apparatus for displaying a functional image according to the present invention.
- a method and an apparatus for displaying a functional image according to the present invention are tomographic image data collecting means 1 for an X-ray attenuation signal or an echo signal emitted from nuclear magnetic resonance, such as a CT apparatus or an MRI apparatus. It comprises a computer 2 for controlling the collection means 1 and performing various calculations, a console 3 such as a mouse and a keyboard, and a display means 4 such as a display.
- the computer 2 includes a program for controlling the collection means 1 and an image reconstructing device. It has a program for creating tomographic images, a program for analyzing and mapping biological function information, and a program for creating composite images.
- each of the programs may be installed in a single computer, or may be installed separately in a plurality of computers for each type of operation. May be.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing from the data collection of the method and apparatus for displaying a functional image according to the present invention to the display of a composite image. This flowchart is realized by software incorporated in the computer 2 of FIG. 1 or an external computer (not shown).
- X-ray attenuation data and magnetic susceptibility signal intensity data are collected by the collecting means 1 controlled by a control program mounted on the computer 2 (step 201).
- the X-ray attenuation signal and the echo signal emitted from nuclear magnetic resonance are collected by the collecting means 1 controlled by the control program on the computer 2.
- the data acquisition device is a CT device and the performance information to be analyzed is head perfusion information
- a contrast-enhancing substance such as an Eodo-based contrast agent
- the inflow of the substance is determined.
- step 202 a tomographic image is created using a program such as image reconstruction installed in the computer 2.
- step 203 the tomographic image created in step 202 is displayed.
- a parameter representing the biological function information that is, for example, a pixel value P is calculated using a biological function information analysis program installed in the computer 2.
- Typical parameters are cerebral blood flow (CBF) image, cerebral blood volume (CBV) image, mean transit time (MTT) image.
- the calculation can be performed in a short time, such as when diagnosing performance information immediately.
- the calculation may be performed by reducing the image, or may be performed every several pixels.
- step 205 a functional image is created by mapping the operation result obtained in step 204 using a mapping program installed in the computer 2.
- step 206 the function image created in step 205 is displayed on the display means 4.
- step 206 not only the functional image is displayed, but also the functional image and the tomographic image may be displayed as necessary.
- the image need not be displayed here.
- step 207 as described later, a composite image is created using a composite image creation program mounted on the computer 2.
- step 208 the composite image is displayed on the display means 4.
- step 208 not only the image is displayed, but at least two of the composite image, the functional image, and the tomographic image may be displayed together as necessary.
- step 202 and subsequent steps may be executed.
- the tomographic image is read from the storage means 5 such as a hard disk that is built in or external to the computer 2, and the steps from step 203 onward are executed. Good.
- Step 206 and subsequent steps may be executed.
- step 207 a method of creating a composite image in step 207 will be described.
- the type of biological function information in a certain organ that is, the total number of functional images will be described as M sheets.
- the number of gradations is a positive integer, for example, 8 bits (256 gradations) or 12 bits (4,096 levels), 16 bits (65,536 levels) and 32 bits (4,294,967,296 levels).
- the color tone means hue, saturation, lightness, or a combination of at least two of them.
- the color gradation scale is a scale in which the range between the maximum value and the minimum value of the pixel value is divided into at least one or more stages, and each stage is assigned a different color tone, that is, a continuum of color gradation.
- the blend function image is obtained by compositing a plurality of function images displaying function information in correspondence with the color gradation scale.
- the color tones used between the functional images are different.
- the functional image which is the original image of the blended functional image includes an image in which only a specific area in the image is displayed on a certain color gradation scale. In this case, the area outside the specific area may be displayed in any specific color.
- the conversion coefficient C is calculated based on the pixel value P of the function image, the display window value WL, and the display window width stomach.
- the conversion coefficient C is obtained, for example, with reference to FIG.
- WL is the window level
- WW is the window width.
- the display density is assigned to the range of WW / 2 above and below the window level. Outside this range WW, the concentration disappears or saturates and there is no change. In other words, the area where the pixel value is larger than the display window width WW is saturated and skipped white, and the area where the pixel value is smaller than the display window width WW is darkest.
- PMAX represents the maximum pixel value
- CMAX represents the maximum value of the conversion coefficient.
- the section from (WL-Z2) to (WL + WW / 2) is linearly converted, but any non-linear conversion may be performed if necessary. Also, It is also conceivable to use the prime value P as it is as the conversion coefficient c.
- Figure 4 shows the look-up table (hereinafter referred to as LUT) used to create the blend function image.
- the LUT described in the present embodiment is a correspondence table between the above-described conversion coefficient C and each component of the display color (for example, the R component, the G component, and the B component).
- the conversion coefficient C to be applied to the pixels in the following areas is the lowest color (bottom color) at one end of the color gradation scale.
- the darkest colors of R, G, and B are denoted as Rl, Gl, and B1, respectively. If only the hue in the color tone is changed and assigned to each stage of the color gradation scale, the darkest color may not always be assigned to the darkest part. However, such a case is also referred to as the darkest color (lower end color) for convenience.
- the conversion coefficient C applied to the pixels in the area where the value of the conversion coefficient C is (WL + WW / 2) or more is the brightest brightest color (uppermost color) at the other end of the color gradation scale.
- the brightest colors (upper colors) of R, G, and B for color display are denoted as Rh, Gh, and Bh.
- the brightest color part must not be assigned to the brightest color part. There is also. However, for the sake of convenience, such referred to as the brightest color (top color).
- R, G, and B components R (C), G (C), and B (C) are, for example, as shown in the functional image LUT shown in Fig. 5. What is necessary is just to determine according to Formula (2). Note that Fig. 5 is an example of LU for each RGB color, and the initial value and slope of the RGB table assigned to each functional image are usually different. The combination of the darkest colors Rl, Gl, and B1, which are the RGB initial values, determines the color system that expresses performance information.
- R (C) Rk ⁇ Rl -C ⁇ Rl
- R, G, and B components that determine the display color of a pixel (i, j) in the blend function image are denoted by RF (i, j), GF (i, j), and BF (i, j). And these can be determined as in the following Equation 3.
- Wk represents the weight (distribution) for combining multiple functional images
- Ck (i, j) represents the conversion coefficient of functional image k at pixel (i, j).
- Bk (Ck (i, j)) is R, G specified by LUTk in the conversion coefficient Ck (i ,; j).
- B and is a value calculated by inputting the conversion coefficient Ck (i, j) for each pixel to the conversion coefficient C in Equation 2.
- the functional image The number of types k is an integer from 1 to M.
- the area displayed on the gradation color scale may be the entire image or a part of the image.
- Gradient color s When displaying in scale, it can be set via console 4 by at least one of threshold, range, ROI, etc.
- One or a plurality of such thresholds, ranges, and ROIs may be set for each type of functional image (Process 1).
- a certain pixel (i, j) of a certain functional image k just represents performance, for example, when the pixel (i, j) is within the ROI, or when the pixel value is If it is within the range determined by the threshold value for image k, Rk (Ck (i, j)), Gk (Ck (i, j)), Bk (Ck (i, j)) Each component is determined. If the pixel value or pixel does not fall within any of the threshold, range, and ROI ranges as described above, the specific value is set to Rk (Ck (i, j)), Gk (Ck (i, j)), and Bk (Ck (i, j)) are assigned to each component (Process 2).
- Processing 1 and processing 2 By performing the processing 1 and the processing 2 for all the pixels, only a part within the above set range can be displayed with a gradation color scale in a certain functional image, and the other range can be displayed with a specific color. Processing 1 and processing 2 may be performed on all functional images, or may be performed only on some functional images.
- Blend function image data is obtained for each pixel.
- RF (i, j) 5 GF (i, j), BF (i, j) is determined for each pixel according to Equation 3, and in this case, the pixel displayed in a specific color is the functional image Calculate the weight Wk of 0 as 0.
- image display is performed by mapping according to the coordinates of (i, j).
- the weights of the functional images that do not need to be combined may be combined with zero.
- the threshold, the range, and the ROI have been exemplified as the specific range setting, other parameters may be set as necessary.
- a method of creating a superimposed composite image of a tomographic image and a blend function image (hereinafter, a projection blend function image on a tomographic image) will be described.
- the display color components of a pixel (i,: j) in the tomographic projection blending function image are RTF (i, j), GTF (i, j), and BTF (i, j)
- the tomographic image look-up table LUTT may be set, for example, as shown in FIG.
- RTF (i, j), GTF (i, j), and BTF (i, j) are calculated according to Equation 4 for a pixel displayed on a gradation color scale.
- the weight WB is set to 0 in Equation 4, and RTF (i, j), GTF (i, j) 5 BTF (i, j) are determined. If this process is performed for all pixels and mapping is performed, a projection function image on a tomographic image is completed.
- WB and WT in the above equation 4 may be changed based on the parameters input from the console 4.
- FIG. 7 and 8 show examples in which the embodiment according to the present invention is applied to a cerebral blood flow function image created from a CT image.
- Figure 7 is a sample image of the blended function image created by the three types of functional information (cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, and average transit time).
- Abnormal cerebral blood flow area 31 abnormal cerebral blood flow This is a composite image of the area 32, the abnormal area 33 with the average transit time, and the other areas 39.
- FIG. 8 is a sample plane image of a blended function image created from three types of functional information (cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, average transit time) and a tomographic projected blended function image created from a CT image 30.
- the abnormal region 31 of cerebral blood flow is displayed on a green gradation color scale
- the abnormal region 32 of cerebral blood volume is displayed on a blue gradation color scale
- the abnormal region 33 of average transit time is red. It is displayed in the gradation color scale of the system.
- blended function images and tomographic projection projection blended image are not limited to one type, but by selecting and combining different ones of many existing functional images, a plurality of different blended functional image and tomographic images are obtained. It is possible to create an upper projection blend function image. It is possible to simultaneously display these plurality of blend function images and tomographic image projection blend function images on the screen.
- a pixel having a value equal to or larger than the threshold value in the functional image is estimated and displayed as a characteristic portion such as a lesion.
- information for determination can be increased.
- displaying these features in different colors for each parameter it is possible to see at a glance which parameter is showing what kind of abnormality at which part. It can also be seen at a glance that the parameter is abnormal.
- the shading and hue of the color can be changed in accordance with the size of the pixel value, so that it is possible to determine the degree of abnormality.
- the screen shape is visually It can be changed to the state. Furthermore, since the outer periphery of the characteristic part and particularly the part to be diagnosed can be selected on the image and only that part can be colored and displayed as an ROI as described above, unnecessary information does not hinder the diagnosis.
- the positional relationship with the outside such as the skull can be easily grasped, and diagnosis can be performed more easily.
- the function images can be displayed in parallel, superimposed, or partially superimposed, so that an arbitrary arrangement can be selected, so that it is possible to make a diagnosis occasionally or use it according to the user's intention.
- the functional images mainly use CBF, CBV, and MTT, and their measured values can be checked on the screen at the same time.
- diagnosis under the same conditions can be repeated at any time, making it easy to compare functional images before and after surgery and treatment. As a result, it is possible to measure the effects of surgery and treatment without being arbitrarily caused by differences in operators.
- difference images before and after the treatment can be displayed.
- the second embodiment also uses a configuration as shown in FIG. 1 as in the first embodiment.
- Each component is the same as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the image processing apparatus 2 is, for example, a computer, a program for controlling the data collection unit 1, a program for creating tomographic images such as image reconstruction, and a program for analyzing and mapping biological function information. , And a program for creating composite images.
- Each of the programs may be installed in one computer, or may be installed in a plurality of computers for each type of operation.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing from the data collection to the display of the synthesized image by the program of the diagnostic imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment. The processing according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to this flowchart.
- step 301 the X-ray attenuation signal and the echo signal emitted from nuclear magnetic resonance are collected by the collecting means 1 controlled by the control program installed in the computer 2 (see FIG. 1).
- dynamic imaging can be performed by injecting a contrast-enhancing substance such as an Eodo contrast agent into patient 5 and then Collects data necessary for analysis of biological function information it can.
- a contrast-enhancing substance such as an Eodo contrast agent
- a tomographic image is created using an image reconstruction program or the like mounted on the computer 2.
- the tomographic image may be any cross section such as axial, coronal, or sagittal.
- the tomographic image created in step 302 is displayed.
- a parameter representing the performance information is calculated using a biological function information analysis program mounted on the computer 2 or the like.
- step 305 a functional image is created by mapping the operation result obtained in step 304 using a mapping program installed in the computer 2 or the like.
- step 306 the function image created in step 305 is displayed on the display unit 4. In step 306, not only the functional image is displayed, but also the functional image and the tomographic image may be displayed simultaneously, if necessary.
- step 307 the operator selects whether or not the inter-image operation such as the difference operation is necessary. If not, the process proceeds to step 309. When it is desired to emphasize and display a region where the biological function information has significantly changed in a plurality of detections, it is desirable to execute an inter-image operation such as a difference operation.
- step 307 the operator selects whether or not the quantitative value correction is necessary. If not, the process proceeds to step 308.
- the CT value is accurately calculated in a tomographic image along the slice, especially in a high CT value part such as the main artery, due to the presence of an object with a low CT value that crosses the slice depending on the slice to be taken.
- the effect of the partial volume effect which is a phenomenon not observed, cannot be properly corrected, and the quantitative value may be overestimated. In such a case, it is desirable to perform the calculation between images after correcting the quantitative value.
- step 308 when quantitative value correction is required, quantitative value correction is performed using the quantitative value correction program mounted on the computer 2.
- a post-computation image is created by using an inter-image computation program installed in the computer 2.
- the calculation between images in step 308 may be any calculation such as a difference calculation.
- step 309 The condition of the area to be combined with the tomographic image is set for the post-computation image or the functional image. However, this step is not necessary when the entire area of the post-computation image or functional image is superimposed and synthesized on the tomographic image.
- the post-computation image is a difference image of the cerebral perfusion function image in a plurality of examinations and you want to display only the area where the right hemisphere shows a noticeable change
- the ROI is set to the entire right hemisphere. Then, only the pixels whose pixel value P satisfies the condition of the following equation 5 need be superimposed on the sectional image and synthesized.
- Mean indicates the average value of all the pixel values of the image after calculation
- SD indicates the standard deviation value
- k indicates an arbitrary real number.
- the functional image is a cerebral perfusion function image in a plurality of examinations and it is desired to display a temporal change in an abnormal region
- only a pixel whose pixel value is equal to or less than a threshold value or equal to or greater than the threshold value is tomographically displayed. Superimpose and combine on the image.
- step 310 a composite image is created using a composite image creation program installed in the computer 2. The details of creating the composite image will be described later.
- step 311 the synthesized image is displayed on the display means 4.
- step 311 in addition to displaying the composite image, the composite image and an image such as a functional image, an image after calculation, and a tomographic image may be simultaneously displayed as necessary. At this time, by displaying the number of pixels, the average value, the standard deviation value, the histogram, and the like in the area to be combined set in step 309, useful information can be provided by analyzing the performance information.
- X-ray attenuation data and magnetic susceptibility signal intensity data are read from storage means 5 such as a hard disk that is built in or external to the computer 2. Then, execute step 302 and subsequent steps. If a tomographic image has already been created, it is built in or external to the computer 2. After reading the tomographic image from the storage means 5 such as a hard disk, step 303 and subsequent steps are executed. Also, if you have already created a functional image, After reading the functional image from the storage means 5 such as a hard disk which is built in or external to the computer 2 and, if necessary, reading the functional image and the tomographic image, execute Step 306 and subsequent steps.
- step 308 creation of a new diagnostic image by calculation of a plurality of functional images obtained in a plurality of examinations will be described in detail.
- functional images in a plurality of tests may be differentiated.
- the type of operation is not limited to the difference operation, but may be addition, integration, division, or a combination of any four arithmetic operations, depending on the application.
- the calculation between images may be performed on all pixels for each pixel.
- the calculation may be performed for each region surrounded by an arbitrarily set ROI 8 as shown in Fig. 10, and the characteristics such as the average value, intermediate value, maximum value, and minimum value within this ROI region Quantities can also be taken into account. This makes it possible to perform a visual evaluation at a size that is easy to diagnose.
- the functional image may be divided into several regions by drawing isolines, and the calculation may be performed for each of the divided regions.
- the functional image is a cerebral perfusion image, it can be divided into white matter, gray matter, vascular bed, etc. by drawing contour lines, and by specifying the ROI, the thalamus, lens nucleus, brain area, etc. It is possible to divide each anatomical segment, such as the rim. Performing inter-image calculations for each of these anatomical segments is also useful for evaluating changes in performance information.
- the influence of the partial volume effect as described in Example 1 was captured based on the maximum value of the time concentration curve in the superior sagittal sinus and the area under the curve, and the quantitative stability Have gained.
- the upper sagittal sinus may not be included in the radiographs depending on the radiographs. In such a case, the effect of the partial volume effect cannot be properly corrected, and the quantitative value becomes inaccurate. If there is an image that can be judged that the correction of the partial volume effect has been properly performed in multiple tests, other tests can be performed using the correction parameters (maximum value or area under the curve) in that test. The quantitative value at is measured.
- a method of creating a combined image of a post-computation image or functional image and a tomographic image (hereinafter referred to as a tomographic image projection blending functional image) will be described.
- the number of gradations M is a positive integer, 8 bits (256 gradations), 12 bits (4,096 gradations), 16 bits (65,536 gradations) and 32 bits (4,294,967,296 gradations)
- M is a positive integer, 8 bits (256 gradations), 12 bits (4,096 gradations), 16 bits (65,536 gradations) and 32 bits (4,294,967,296 gradations)
- color gradation includes color gradation of hue, lightness, and saturation, and there are various types.
- the conversion coefficient C is calculated based on the pixel value P of the post-computation image or functional image, the display window value WL, and the display window width.
- the conversion coefficient C is determined, for example, as shown in Equation 1 and FIG.
- a linearly converted force in the section from L-WW / 2 to WL + WW / 2 may be used to perform any non-linear conversion as needed.
- the pixel value may be used as it is as a conversion coefficient.
- Figure 4 shows the look-up table (LUT) used to create the composite image.
- the LUT described in this embodiment refers to a correspondence table between the above-described conversion coefficient C and each component (R component, G component, B component) of the display color.
- the darkest pixels in the display window that is, R, G, and B components of the minimum color (bottom color) whose conversion value is WL-WW / 2 or less are Rl, Gl, and B1, and the darkest pixel in the display window is Let R, Gh, and Bh be the brightest colors to be applied to a bright pixel, that is, a pixel whose conversion value is WL + WW / 2 or more.
- B, the components R (C), GKC), B (C) are determined, for example, as shown in Equation 2 and FIG.
- the component values from the minimum color (bottom color) to the brightest color (top color) are connected linearly, but may be arbitrarily connected as needed.
- a plurality of post-computation images can be created. If the post-operation image If there are M images, functional images, or post-computation images and functional images, post-computation image 1 (or functional image 1), post-computation image 2 (or functional image 2) ... post-computation image M ( Alternatively, it is desirable to set M lookup tables corresponding to each of the functional images M), that is, LUTl, LUT2, ... LUTM.
- the same look-up table can be shared by multiple post-computation images or functional images.
- the composite image display in step 311 will be described in detail. If the components of the display color of a certain pixel (i, j) in the composite image are RTF (i, j), GTF (iJ), and BTF (i, j), these are determined as shown in Equation 4. You.
- WB represents the weight of the post-computation image or functional image
- WT represents the weight of the tomographic image
- CC (i, j) represents the transformation coefficient of the tomographic image at pixel (i,). The determination is made in the same manner as the method for obtaining the image conversion coefficient.
- RT (CC (i, j)
- GT (CC (i, j)
- BT (CC (i, j)
- CT Represents the component values of R, G, and B.
- the tomographic image look-up table LUTT may be set, for example, as shown in FIG.
- an RGB table As shown in Fig. 5 is required.
- RF (i, j), GF (i, j), and BF are parameters that are determined based on the ratio of the combined images or functional images, and are determined as shown in Equation 3. .
- Wk represents a weight for synthesizing the post-computation image k or the functional image k
- C i, j) represents a conversion coefficient of the post-computation image k or the functional image k at the pixel (i, j).
- Rk (Ck (i, j)), Gk (Ck (i, j)), and Bk (Ck (i, j)) are R, G specified by LUTk in the conversion coefficient Ck (i, j).
- B represent the component values.
- 'k is an integer from 1 to M, and M is equal to the number of post-computation images or functional images. When the number of post-computation images or functional images is one, Expression 4 becomes Expression 6.
- Ck (i, j) represents the conversion coefficient of the post-computation image or functional image at pixel (i, j).
- RTF (i, j) and GTF (i, j) for pixels displayed on the gradation color scale are calculated according to Equation 4 or Equation 6.
- BTF (i, j) are determined, and for pixels displayed in a specific color, RTF (i, j), GTF (i, j), BTF ( Determine i, j). This may be performed for all pixels according to RTF (i, j), GTF (i, j) and BTF (i, j).
- the area (specific area) to be displayed on the gradation color scale may be set by a threshold value set via the console 4, an arbitrary conditional expression, or an ROI.
- One or more thresholds, conditional expressions, and ROIs are set for each image after calculation.
- the pixel value at a certain pixel (i, j) of the image or the functional image k is within the range set by the threshold value or the conditional expression for the post-operation image k or the functional image k.
- the range ⁇ is set by, the components of Rk (Ck (i, j)) and Gk (Ck (i, Bk (Ck (i, j))) are determined according to the LU setting method described above. , Rk any particular value if a range (Ck (i, j)) , Gk (Ck (i 5 j)), assigned to each component of Bk (Ck (i, j) ).
- a specific area in a certain post-computation image or functional image is displayed on a gradation color scale. Other areas are displayed in areas of only the CT tomogram 40 represented by a specific color, for example, black or gray in FIGS. 7 to 8 and 11 to 18.
- the above processing is performed on all the post-computation images or functional images. If it is not necessary to combine all of the M post-computation images or functional images, the compositing may be performed by setting the weight of the post-computation image or functional image that does not need to be combined to 0.
- Wk in Equation 5 may be changed based on parameters input from console 4.
- the threshold, the conditional expression, and the ROI may be changed based on the parameters input from the console 4.
- FIGS. 11 to 13 are sample images in which a composite image of a difference image before and after treatment of the MTT and a CT image before and after treatment of a patient with right internal carotid artery stenosis is shown.
- WB of Equation 5 is set to 0.8 and WT to 0.2. In other areas, WB is set to 0 and WT is set to 1 for synthesis.
- 34 indicates the portion of the MTT change that is relatively large and is displayed in a warm color system
- 35 is the portion of the MTT change that is relatively small and is displayed in a cool color system
- 0 is the fault displayed in gray scale.
- colors are assigned according to the magnitude of the difference between FIG. 11 and FIG.
- Figures 11, 12, and 14 to 16 show composite images of average transit time image MT, difference image of cerebral blood volume image CBV, and CT image before and after treatment of patients with right internal carotid artery stenosis. It is a sample image. In this sample image, the area where the cerebral blood volume image CBV significantly changes is displayed on a blue color gradation scale 36, and the area where the average transit time MTT changes significantly is the red color gradation 3 The scale is displayed at 37. In addition, W1 (that is, the weight of the difference image of the cerebral blood volume image) in Equation 3 is set to 0.75, and W2 (that is, the weight of the difference image of the average transit time image) is set to 0.25.
- W1 that is, the weight of the difference image of the cerebral blood volume image
- W2 that is, the weight of the difference image of the average transit time image
- the WB in Equation 4 is synthesized by setting WB to 0.8 and WT to 0.2, and in other regions, WB to 0 and WT to 1 It is set and synthesized.
- Figures 11 to 13 show the application example when the post-computation image or functional image is one
- Figures 11 and 12 and Figures 14 to 16 show the application example when the post-computation image or functional image is two.
- the information obtained from the tomographic image and the information obtained from each of the plurality of functional images can be obtained from one image, and the seriousness of the raw function abnormality can be obtained. This has the effect of making the determination easier.
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US8032202B2 (en) | 2011-10-04 |
JP4558645B2 (ja) | 2010-10-06 |
US20060215889A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
JPWO2004089218A1 (ja) | 2006-07-06 |
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