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WO2004066441A1 - Antenne a bande large - Google Patents

Antenne a bande large Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004066441A1
WO2004066441A1 PCT/JP2003/014473 JP0314473W WO2004066441A1 WO 2004066441 A1 WO2004066441 A1 WO 2004066441A1 JP 0314473 W JP0314473 W JP 0314473W WO 2004066441 A1 WO2004066441 A1 WO 2004066441A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
ground plane
directivity
ghz
flat conductor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2003/014473
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroyuki Arai
Nobuhiro Kuga
Original Assignee
Yokohama Tlo Company, Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yokohama Tlo Company, Ltd. filed Critical Yokohama Tlo Company, Ltd.
Priority to AU2003280780A priority Critical patent/AU2003280780A1/en
Publication of WO2004066441A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004066441A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/40—Element having extended radiating surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna, a transmitter, and a receiver, and is particularly suitable for broadband communication such as UWB.
  • UWB ultra-wideband
  • UWB Ultra Wide Band
  • antennas basically use resonance phenomena, and their length determines the frequency at which they resonate, and the directivity also changes with frequency. Therefore, it is difficult to design an antenna that has uniform directivity over a wide band and uniform input characteristics over a wide band.
  • a biconical antenna / disc cone antenna As a broadband omnidirectional antenna, a biconical antenna / disc cone antenna is conventionally known.
  • a biconical antenna is composed of two conical conductors, with the vertices of both cones facing each other and facing each other and arranged coaxially in the opposite direction. This radiates radio waves around the cone axis in an undirected manner.
  • the disk cone antenna has a configuration in which the conical conductor above the biconical antenna is replaced with a disk.
  • a disk monopole antenna (disk monopole antenna) is also known as a broadband antenna.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a disk monopole antenna.
  • the disk monopole antenna 101 has a configuration in which a metal circular element plate 102 is orthogonal to a ground plate 103 made of a metal plate, and a coaxial connector 100 is connected to the element plate 102. 4 is electrically connected to the inner conductor pin 104a, and the outer conductor 104b of the coaxial connector 104 is electrically connected to the ground plane 103.
  • a disc monopole antenna is disclosed in, for example, the following document.
  • the piconical antenna and the disc cone antenna have a wide band, they have a problem that they are large, and high-order modes occur near the upper limit frequency due to the asymmetry of the shape of the coaxial cable connected to the conical conductor. There is a problem that the omnidirectional pattern is disturbed. In addition, the disk monopole antenna also suffers from the problem that the input characteristics are degraded in the high frequency band and the uniformity of directivity is impaired.
  • Figures 12 and 13 show the horizontal directivity of a disk monopole antenna and the horizontal directivity of a semi-disc monopole antenna.
  • Figure 14 shows an example of the input characteristics of a disk monopole antenna. Is shown.
  • the ground plane is a circular aluminum with a diameter of 37 cm
  • the element plate diameter 2a is 33 mm
  • the ground plane is Is a circular aluminum cylinder with a diameter of 37 cm
  • the element plate diameter 2a is 66 mm.
  • a is the radius of the element plate.
  • the horizontal directivity is represented by an outer curve (E 0), and 1 GHz to 10 GHz is shown at 1 GHz intervals.
  • the uniformity of the directivity in the horizontal direction is impaired in the high frequency band (for example, 9 GHz, 10 GHz) in the disk monopole antenna. .
  • the horizontal directivity is represented by the outer curve (E ⁇ ), and 1 GHz to 10 GHz is shown at 1 GHz intervals.
  • the semi-circular monopole antenna impairs the uniformity of horizontal directivity over a wide frequency band (for example, 5 GHz to 10 GHz). .
  • Figure 14 shows the calculated and measured return loss from 2 GHz to 10 GHz for a disk monopole antenna.
  • the reflection loss of the disc monopole antenna exceeds --10 dB in the high frequency band (for example, 8 GHz to 10 GHz), and the input characteristics are degraded. It is shown that.
  • conventional broadband antennas have problems in frequency characteristics of directivity and input characteristics in a high frequency band.
  • the present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and aims to improve the frequency characteristics of directivity in a wideband antenna and to improve the input characteristics in a high frequency band. And Disclosure of the invention
  • the present invention improves the directivity frequency characteristics and the input characteristics in a high frequency band by the shape and arrangement of the element plates constituting the wideband antenna.
  • the first aspect of the present invention is to improve the directivity frequency characteristics and the input characteristics in a high frequency band by the shape of the element plate constituting the wideband antenna. It is almost perpendicular to the ground plane, and the point of contact between the flat conductor and the ground plane is the feed point.
  • This elliptical shape has two axes, a substantially perpendicular direction passing through the contact point with the ground plane and a direction substantially orthogonal to this direction, and the length ratio of these two axes is used as a parameter that determines antenna characteristics.
  • the antenna characteristics include the input characteristics and the directivity in the horizontal plane.
  • the length ratio (aspect ratio) of the two elliptical axes By controlling the length ratio (aspect ratio) of the two elliptical axes, the impedance of the antenna is controlled. To control the input characteristics.
  • the uniformity of the directivity in the horizontal plane in the high frequency band of the antenna is improved by using the length ratio (aspect ratio) of the two axes of the elliptical shape as a parameter.
  • the flat conductor is substantially perpendicular to the ground plane, and the contact point between the flat conductor and the ground plane is defined as a feeding point.
  • the ratio between the radius of curvature of the flat conductor at the contact point with the ground surface and the radius of curvature of a circle whose diameter is the vertical length of the flat conductor determined by the lowest band frequency is a parameter that determines antenna characteristics. Overnight.
  • the input characteristics are controlled by controlling the impedance of the antenna, and the uniformity of the directivity in the horizontal plane in the high frequency band of the antenna is improved. .
  • the vertical length of the flat conductor determines the minimum frequency of the antenna band.
  • the radius of curvature of the flat conductor is smaller than the radius of curvature of a circle whose diameter is the vertical length that defines the lowest band frequency.
  • a second aspect of the present invention is to improve the directivity frequency characteristics by arranging the element plates constituting the wideband antenna. Two flat plates are provided on the same side with respect to the ground plane. The conductors are substantially perpendicular to each other at the same contact point on the ground plane, and are substantially perpendicular to each other.
  • a third aspect of the present invention is a configuration in which the shape of the element plate of the first aspect and the arrangement of the second aspect are combined, thereby improving the frequency characteristics of directivity.
  • the plate-shaped conductor is formed in a circular shape or an elliptical shape, and these are made substantially perpendicular at the same contact point on the ground surface and are made substantially orthogonal to each other.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a first embodiment of the broadband antenna of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the horizontal directivity of the elliptic plate monopole antenna of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the input characteristics of the elliptic plate monopole antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a second embodiment of the broadband antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining another example of the second embodiment of the broadband antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the horizontal directivity of the orthogonal disk monopole antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the input characteristics of the orthogonal disk monopole antenna of the present invention,
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the third embodiment of the present invention, and
  • FIG. Fig. 10 shows an example of the horizontal directivity of an elliptic plate monopole antenna.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of input characteristics of a bright orthogonal elliptical plate monopole antenna
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a disk monopole antenna
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the directivity of a semi-disc monopole antenna in the horizontal direction.
  • Fig. 14 is a diagram showing an input characteristic of a disc monopole antenna. It is a figure showing an example of. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • a first aspect of the present invention is to form an elliptic plate monopole antenna by the shape of an element plate constituting a wideband antenna, and to improve directivity frequency characteristics and input characteristics in a high frequency band.
  • the shape of the element plate is elliptical. You.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a first embodiment of the broadband antenna according to the present invention.
  • an elliptic plate monopole antenna 1 is made substantially perpendicular to a ground plane by providing a metal elliptical element plate 2 almost perpendicular to a ground plate 3 made of a metal plate.
  • the point of contact between the plate 2 and the ground plane 3, which is the ground plane, is used as the feeding point.
  • the element plate 2 is electrically connected to the inner conductor pin 4 a of the coaxial connector 4, and the ground plate 3 is electrically connected to the outer conductor 4 b of the coaxial connector 4.
  • the element plate 2 has two axes, an axis in a substantially perpendicular direction passing through a contact point with the ground plane and an axis in a direction substantially perpendicular to this direction, and has a length 2 a in the perpendicular direction and substantially perpendicular to the perpendicular direction.
  • the length a and the length b are made elliptical by setting the ratio b / a of the length and width to other than 1. This length ratio is a parameter that determines the antenna characteristics.By changing the ratio, the antenna impedance is controlled to control the input characteristics, and the uniformity of the directivity in the horizontal plane in the high frequency band of the antenna. Control gender.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show examples of the horizontal directivity and input characteristics of an elliptic plate monopole antenna.
  • the base plate is circular aluminum with a diameter of 37 cm
  • the length of the element plate in the perpendicular direction (vertical direction) 2a is 33 mm
  • the length of the element plate in the direction perpendicular to the perpendicular direction (lateral direction) 2b is 2b.
  • the length is 24 mm.
  • the directivity of the vertically polarized wave is represented by an outer curve (E 0), and from 1 GHz to 10 GHz is shown at 1 GHz intervals.
  • the inner curve ( ⁇ ) shows the directivity of horizontal polarization.
  • High frequency of elliptic plate monopole antenna shown in Fig. 2 Comparing the directivity in the band and the directivity in the high frequency band of the disk monopole antenna shown in Fig. 11, for example, the directivity in the high frequency band of 9 GHz and 10 GHz
  • the use of an elliptic plate monopole antenna improves the directivity in the high frequency band and improves the uniformity of the directivity in the horizontal plane.
  • FIG. 3 shows calculated and measured return loss from 2 GHz to 10 GHz.
  • FIG. 3 shows the case where the aspect ratio bZa is 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5, and 0.7273.
  • An example in which the aspect ratio bZa is 1.0 corresponds to the case of a disk monopole antenna.
  • the return loss representing the input characteristics is changed by changing the vertical / horizontal ratio b / a as a parameter, and by changing the vertical / horizontal ratio b / a, the high frequency band (for example, 8 GHz to 10 GH) is obtained.
  • the input characteristics can be improved by reducing the reflection loss in z) to less than 10 dB.
  • the input characteristics in the high frequency band of the elliptic plate monopole antenna can be optimized when the aspect ratio b / a is 0.7273.
  • a reference value for comparing the input characteristics with a return loss of 110 dB is used.
  • the shape of the element plate is not limited to the elliptical shape in the above embodiment, and may be a flat conductor, and the element plate may be specified by the shape at a position where the element plate is in contact with the ground plane of the ground plane.
  • a flat conductor When specifying the shape at the position in contact with the ground plane, a flat conductor is provided almost perpendicular to the ground plane, the contact point between this flat conductor and the ground plane is set as the feeding point, and the flat conductor is grounded.
  • the ratio of the radius of curvature at the contact position in contact with the surface to the radius of curvature of a circle whose diameter is the vertical length of the flat conductor determined by the lowest band frequency Determined by parameters.
  • an orthogonal disc monopole antenna or an orthogonal semi-disc monopole antenna is formed by arranging element plates constituting a broadband antenna, and the frequency characteristics of directivity are improved.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the second embodiment of the present invention, and shows an example of an orthogonal disk monopole antenna.
  • 4 (a) is a view from the side
  • FIG. 4 (b) is a view from above
  • 4 (c) is a view from obliquely above.
  • an orthogonal disk monopole antenna 11 is composed of two circular metal element plates 12 (12a, 12b) almost perpendicular to a ground plate 13 made of a metal plate.
  • the element plate 12 is perpendicular to the ground plane, and the two element plates 12 (12a, 12b) are almost perpendicular to each other.
  • the point of contact between 2b) and the ground plane 13 is the feed point 14.
  • the inner conductor pin 14 a of the coaxial connector 14 is electrically connected to the element plate 12 (12 a, 12 b),
  • the outer conductor 14 b of the coaxial connector 14 can be electrically connected to the base plate 13. This configuration is not shown in FIG.
  • the element plates 12a and 12b have a circular shape with a diameter of 2a, and are substantially orthogonal to each other with their vertical axes coinciding with each other.
  • the uniformity of the directivity of the antenna in the horizontal plane in the high frequency band is controlled.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining another example of the second embodiment of the present invention, and shows an example of an orthogonal semicircular monopole antenna.
  • Fig. 5 (a) Is a view seen from the lateral direction
  • FIG. 5 (b) is a view seen from above
  • FIG. 5 (c) is a view seen from obliquely above.
  • an orthogonal semi-circle monopole antenna 21 has two metal semi-circular element plates 22 (22a, 22b) on a ground plate 23 made of a metal plate. By providing almost perpendicularly, it is perpendicular to the ground plane, and two element plates 22 (22a, 22b) are orthogonal to each other.
  • the contact point between a, 22b) and the ground plane 23, which is the ground plane, is defined as a power supply point 24.
  • the configuration of the power supply point 24 can be the same as that shown in FIGS.
  • the element plates 22a and 22b are halved from a circular shape having a diameter of 2a, and are substantially perpendicular to each other with their vertical axes coinciding. By arranging the element plates 22a and 22b substantially orthogonal to each other, the uniformity of the directivity of the antenna in the horizontal plane in the high frequency band is controlled.
  • the base plate is made of circular aluminum having a diameter of 37 cm, and the length of the diameter (2a) of each element plate is set to 33 mm.
  • the directivity of vertically polarized waves is represented by the outer curve (E ⁇ ), and the frequency from 1 GHz to 10 GHz is shown at 1 GHz intervals.
  • the inner curve (E ⁇ ) shows the directivity of horizontal polarization. Comparing the directivity in the high frequency band of the orthogonal disk monopole antenna shown in Fig. 6 with the directivity in the high frequency band of the disk monopole antenna shown in Fig. 12, for example, 9 As can be seen from the comparison of the directivity in the high frequency band of 10 GHz and 10 GHz, the directivity in the high frequency band is improved by using the orthogonal disc monopole antenna. The uniformity of the directivity in the horizontal direction is improved.
  • Figure 7 shows the calculated and measured return loss from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and shows the calculated and measured values for the disc monopole antenna and the orthogonal disc monopole antenna. The values are shown in comparison with the measured values.
  • the reflection loss in the high frequency band for example, 8 GHz to 10 GHz
  • --10 dB is the reference value for comparing the input characteristics.
  • an orthogonal elliptical plate monopole antenna is formed by the shape and arrangement of element plates constituting a wideband antenna, and the directivity frequency characteristics are improved.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the third embodiment of the present invention. 8A is a diagram viewed from the side, FIG. 8B is a diagram viewed from above, and FIG. 8C is a diagram viewed obliquely from above.
  • an orthogonal elliptical plate monopole antenna 31 is composed of two metal elliptical element plates 3 2 (32 a, 32 b) with respect to a ground plate 33 composed of a metal plate.
  • the feed point 34 is the feed point 34.
  • the inner conductor pin 34a of the coaxial connector 34 is electrically connected to the element plate 32 (32a, 32b).
  • the outer conductor 34 b of the coaxial connector 34 can be electrically connected to the base plate 33. This configuration is not shown in FIG.
  • the element plates 32a and 32b are almost in contact with the ground plane. It has two axes, an axis in a perpendicular direction and an axis in a direction substantially perpendicular to this direction, and has a length 2a in a perpendicular direction and a length 2b in a direction perpendicular to the perpendicular direction.
  • the length a and the length b are made elliptical by setting the ratio b Z a of the length and width to other than 1.
  • the length ratio is a parameter that determines the antenna characteristics.By changing the ratio, the antenna impedance is controlled to control the input characteristics, and the directivity of the antenna in the horizontal plane in the high frequency band is controlled. Control uniformity.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 show an example of the horizontal directivity and input characteristics of an orthogonal elliptical plate monopole antenna.
  • the base plate is circular aluminum with a diameter of 37 cm
  • the vertical direction of the element plate (vertical direction) 2 the length of a is 33 mm
  • the length of b is 24 mm.
  • the directivity of the vertically polarized wave is represented by the outer curve (E 0), and from 1 GHz to 10 GHz is shown at 1 GHz intervals.
  • the inner curved line ( ⁇ ) represents the directivity of horizontal polarization.
  • Figure 10 shows the calculated and measured return loss (Return loss) from 1 GHz to 10 GHz.
  • the calculated and measured values of the elliptical plate monopole antenna and the orthogonal elliptical plate monopole antenna are shown. To the measured values of Is shown.
  • Fig. 10 it is shown that the return loss is improved in almost all frequency bands compared to the disk monopole antenna when -10 dB is used as the reference value for comparing the input characteristics.
  • the improvement of the impedance matching state of the antenna is shown and confirmed by the input characteristics when the antenna is used as the transmitting antenna, but can also be confirmed by the characteristics when the antenna is used as the receiving antenna. .
  • a transmitter having this antenna as a transmitting antenna, or a transmitter having this antenna as a receiving antenna can be configured.
  • the receiver can transmit or receive with a uniform directivity over a wide frequency band.
  • the broadband antenna of the present invention When the broadband antenna of the present invention is applied to short-range, high-speed information transmission between devices such as information home appliances over a network such as a wireless LAN, the uniform directivity provided by the present invention allows It can be used without any special consideration regarding the arrangement position between devices.
  • the frequency characteristics of directivity can be improved, and uniform directivity can be obtained over a wide band.
  • the antenna of the present invention can be applied to a wide band, and is particularly suitable for an ultra-wide band having a width of several GHz or more.

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

Antenne à bande large dont la forme et la disposition d'un élément plat constituant cette antenne permettent d'améliorer la caractéristique de fréquence de directivité et la caractéristique d'entrée dans une bande haute fréquence. La forme de l'élément plat constituant cette antenne à bande large est elliptique et ledit élément plat est placé généralement verticalement par rapport à la surface du sol. Dans un autre mode de réalisation, deux éléments plats constituant une antenne à bande large sont généralement perpendiculaires l'un par rapport à l'autre. Dans encore un autre mode de réalisation, la combinaison de la forme et la disposition des éléments plats permet d'obtenir une antenne de forme circulaire ou elliptique, ces éléments plats étant verticaux par rapport à la surface du sol au niveau de la même position de contact et perpendiculaires les uns par rapport aux autres.
PCT/JP2003/014473 2003-01-24 2003-11-13 Antenne a bande large WO2004066441A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003280780A AU2003280780A1 (en) 2003-01-24 2003-11-13 Wideband antenna

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003016628 2003-01-24
JP2003-16628 2003-01-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004066441A1 true WO2004066441A1 (fr) 2004-08-05

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AU (1) AU2003280780A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004066441A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3633789A1 (fr) * 2018-10-05 2020-04-08 BAE SYSTEMS plc Antenne
GB2577740A (en) * 2018-10-05 2020-04-08 Bae Systems Plc An antenna
WO2020070471A1 (fr) * 2018-10-05 2020-04-09 Bae Systems Plc Antenne
US11616300B1 (en) 2022-02-15 2023-03-28 Nantenna LLC Miniature broadband antenna assembly
US12113281B2 (en) 2021-08-06 2024-10-08 Nantenna LLC Broadband antenna assembly

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3050730A (en) * 1959-07-09 1962-08-21 Sylvania Electric Prod Broadband plate antenna
EP0766343A2 (fr) * 1995-09-27 1997-04-02 Ntt Mobile Communications Network Inc. Antenne à large bande avec une source semi-circulaire

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3050730A (en) * 1959-07-09 1962-08-21 Sylvania Electric Prod Broadband plate antenna
EP0766343A2 (fr) * 1995-09-27 1997-04-02 Ntt Mobile Communications Network Inc. Antenne à large bande avec une source semi-circulaire

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
NARAYAN PRASAD AGRAWALL ET AL.: "Wide-Band Planar Monopole Anntenas", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANNTENAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 46, no. 2, 2 February 1998 (1998-02-02), pages 294 - 295, XP000733861 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3633789A1 (fr) * 2018-10-05 2020-04-08 BAE SYSTEMS plc Antenne
GB2577740A (en) * 2018-10-05 2020-04-08 Bae Systems Plc An antenna
WO2020070471A1 (fr) * 2018-10-05 2020-04-09 Bae Systems Plc Antenne
GB2577740B (en) * 2018-10-05 2023-01-04 Bae Systems Plc An antenna
US11916318B2 (en) 2018-10-05 2024-02-27 Bae Systems Plc Antenna
US12113281B2 (en) 2021-08-06 2024-10-08 Nantenna LLC Broadband antenna assembly
US11616300B1 (en) 2022-02-15 2023-03-28 Nantenna LLC Miniature broadband antenna assembly

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