WO2003047758A1

WO2003047758A1 - A grinding method and equipment with suing a cyclone

Info

Publication number: WO2003047758A1
Application number: PCT/CN2002/000796
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hongfu Wang
Original assignee: Hongfu Wang
Priority date: 2001-11-08
Filing date: 2002-11-08
Publication date: 2003-06-12
Also published as: CN1359755A; AU2002349725A1; CN1599646A

Abstract

The invention relates to a grinding method with using a cyclone, wherein a screen and a cleaning device for cleaning the screen are arranged in the cyclone. The invention also relates to a grinding equipment using said method.

Description

Crushing or grinding method and special equipment for pneumatic classification

The invention relates to a pulverizing or grinding method and special equipment, which can be widely used in various industries for manufacturing small granular or powder products such as wheat flour milling, corn processing, feed crushing, ore crushing and the like.

Crushing or grinding is an essential process for the production of many industrial products and daily necessities. Here, pulverization refers to the processing of raw materials into small particle finished products, while grinding refers to the processing of raw materials into powdery finished products. Generally, grinding is smaller than the crushed finished product particles. There is no difference between the two methods. To make the description easier, the following process is discussed from the perspective of pulverization. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

At present, the pulverization process is divided into two processes, pulverization and pulverization, before and after the batching. According to the number of times from raw material to finished product pulverization, it is divided into two processes: pulverization and pulverization. The first crushing process refers to pulverizing the raw materials and then compounding according to the formula, and the latter crushing refers to the first compounding and then crushing. The first pulverization process has the advantages of high pulverizer operation index, high equipment use efficiency, low installed capacity, convenient control operation and single machine failure will not immediately affect the whole plant production, but there are also additional batching warehouses, large capital investment, not suitable for raw materials It also has the disadvantages of frequent changes in the finished feed and the ingredients in the ingredients warehouse are easy to agglomerate. Although the crushing process has strong adaptability to changes in the types of raw materials and finished feed, there is no need to add an ingredient warehouse, which saves infrastructure investment and other advantages. First, the installed capacity of the crushing process is 20%-50% higher, the power consumption is 5%-12% higher, the crusher has low efficiency, inconvenient control, and once it fails, it will affect the plant's production and other shortcomings. The one-time pulverization process refers to a process that uses only one pulverization operation to reach the particle size requirement of the finished product. The multi-time pulverization process refers to a process that uses two or more powder ^ f operations on the material to achieve the particle size requirement of the finished product. One of the typical equipment used in the pulverization process is the "one-wind blow" mill for wheat flour milling, the hammer mill for the processing of materials, and the pendulum mill for ore crushing. In the above-mentioned equipment, the "one-wind blowing" mill and the shovel pulverizer are equipped with a screen cylinder, and the pendulum mill is an analysis machine installed above the pendulum mill for screening. Multiple pulverization processes, such as the existing secondary pulverization of feed processing and the multiple grinding of wheat flour, require the addition of two or more pulverizing or grinding equipment, as well as additional screening and conveying equipment. Although the primary crushing process has the advantages of small number of equipment and small investment, it also has the disadvantages of low equipment efficiency, large power consumption, and uneven thickness of the finished product. Although the secondary crushing process has high output, low power consumption, and consistent thickness of the finished product, it needs to increase equipment such as classifying screens, conveyors, and crushers, and increases investment. In addition, the ordinary screening equipment used in the existing process not only has a complicated structure and price. Higher, and because the wear is too fast, it is not suitable for the application in ore screening. The equipment is too complicated, expensive, inconvenient to use and maintain, and too expensive to run, so it has little value for promotion and application. At present, the conveying process in the crushing or grinding process has two forms of mechanical conveying and pneumatic conveying. Compared with mechanical conveying, pneumatic conveying has the advantages of convenient installation of pipelines, occupying a small area of the factory building, and the negative pressure generated can significantly improve the crushing efficiency and is effective. It has the advantages of controlling powder particle size and reducing environmental pollution, but also has the disadvantages of large power consumption, large equipment investment and high operating technology requirements. In particular, most of the existing pneumatic conveying methods use old-fashioned centrifugal separators (also known as unloaders to discharge materials). Such separators have low separation efficiency, which seriously restricts the improvement of product output and quality. Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crushing or grinding process flow and special equipment that can save investment, reduce energy consumption, improve production efficiency and product quality.

Another object of the present invention is to change the ordinary centrifugal separator used in the original multiple crushing or grinding process to a centrifugal separator with a filter screen, and eliminate all or most of the screening equipment.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pulverizing and / or grinding method and a device that can save investment, reduce energy consumption, improve production efficiency and product quality.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the above object is achieved by a method provided by the present invention, which method comprises pulverizing and / or grinding one or more materials with one or more pulverizers and / or mills, The pneumatic conveying method is used to convey the crushed and / or ground materials. It is characterized in that one or more cascades are used to convey the materials pneumatically, with a filter and an electric material removal mechanism, and the aperture of the filter is sequentially reduced. A small centrifugal separator performs pneumatic classification and separation in order to separate one or several finished or semi-finished products with different particle sizes in one processing cycle.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the above object is achieved by a device provided by the present invention, which device includes one or more pulverizing and / or pulverizing machines, one or more cascades, a strainer and a motor A centrifugal separator that removes the accumulation mechanism and reduces the sieve diameter in order.

Preferably, the centrifugal separator with a strainer and an electric de-accumulation mechanism in the device comprises a cylindrical cylinder with a lower section connected with a small cone-shaped cylinder and a small cylindrical cylinder, and a cross section mounted on the upper part of the cylinder in a tangential direction. It is a rectangular air inlet pipe, a cylindrical exhaust pipe installed at the center of the upper end of the cylinder, and a plug board installed in a small cylinder below the cylinder. An arc-shaped loading and unloading door is installed on the upper part of the cylinder. A cylindrical filter cylinder is installed at the lower end of the exhaust pipe. The filter cylinder is fixed to the upper end of the conical dust collector. An electric material removal device is installed below the filter cylinder. The lower end of the dust bucket is inserted into the electric material removal device. The upper end hole of the hollow shaft of the gear box of the device, and the circular small dust particle outlet pipe is installed outside the lower end hole of the hollow shaft of the gear box of the electric material removal device.

More preferably, the electric material removing device in the device has the following structure: one is fixed on the barrel A square box-shaped gear box at the lower center position. Inside the box, there is a small bevel gear connected to a reducer installed outside the barrel through a transmission shaft, and a large bevel gear sleeved on a hollow shaft and meshing with the small bevel gear. The door frame The shape of the brush plate holder is fixed on the upper end face of the large bevel gear that passes through the gear box body, and the long-shaped brush is fixed on the brush plate holder. The upper end of the hollow hole of the hollow shaft is connected to the dust collector, and the lower end is connected to the small bucket. The dust particle outlet pipe is connected.

The filter cylinder in the above device is preferably made of a cylindrical metal frame covered with a screen. The material pore size of the screen should be based on the nature, content, particle size, and temperature, humidity, pH and dust removal of the medium being cleaned. The effect requires various factors to determine.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a device embodiment 1 having the effect of removing sheet-like materials with small specific gravity from materials in as few processes as possible, which is characterized in that the device includes a roller type Mill and an impact powder loosening machine connected thereafter, and one or more centrifugal separators with a filter and a material removal mechanism connected after the impact powder loosening machine, the first of which is a filter The separator with the largest mesh is connected to the powder cleaner, and the powder cleaner is connected to a roller mill. The roller mill is then connected to the impact powder loosener, the centrifugal dust collector with a filter and an accumulation mechanism. And duster.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, Embodiment 2 of a feed pulverizing device is provided, which is characterized in that a plurality of impact pulverizers for primary pulverization are installed on the upper floor of a feed factory, and the feeding ports of these pulverizers and The feed formula requires that the silos to be pulverized are communicated with each other, and its discharge port is connected with multiple matching air inlets of the centrifugal separator with a filter and an electric de-accumulating mechanism for the primary separation with which it is matched. After the powder outlet of the lower end of the centrifugal separator with a filter and a de-accumulation mechanism is merged together, it is connected to the feeding port of the secondary crushing impact crusher installed on the next floor, and the output of the secondary crushing impact crusher is discharged. The outlet is upward through the pipe, and then is combined with the upper air outlets of the primary separators to form a header pipe, which is connected to the air inlet of the coarse powder separator, and the air outlet at the upper end of the coarse powder separator is in communication with the air inlet of the fine powder separator, and the fine powder is separated. The air outlet at the upper end of the device is connected to the air inlet of the centrifugal fan, and the air outlet of the fan is connected in series with the pipe of the outlet of the secondary crusher to form a circulating air network. This device uses secondary powder. The crushing method crushes the material.

Preferably, the impact pulverizer in the feed pulverizing device includes a rotor directly fixed on the motor shaft placed in a casing, a casing with a cylindrical inner end fixed to a motor flange, and A disk-shaped cover plate on which the stator disk is installed. The rotor disk and the stator disk are equipped with three or more rows of dozens of billet cemented carbide pins. The rotor disk and the stator disk are provided with circular annular grooves at predetermined positions. After assembly, the radial clearance between the rotor pin and the stator pin should meet the particle size requirements of the finished product particles crushed by the crusher. Except for high-fibre materials such as Gu Liang and grass, the rotor pin and the stator pin The radial gap should be equal to or slightly larger than the particle size size of the finished product particles after crushing, and the end face of the rotor pin is inserted into the corresponding slot of the stator disc (HJ slot, and the end face of the stator pin is inserted into the corresponding groove of the rotor disc.

More preferably, all billet cemented carbide pins on the rotor and stator discs in the feed crushing device All are rectangular parallelepiped parts with a screw at one end, and the solid carbide parts that have been processed into a box shape are fixed by brazing or gluing around a large plane of the rectangular parallelepiped.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a device embodiment 3 capable of separating two or more materials with different particle sizes in one cycle of pneumatic conveying is provided, which is characterized in that a pendulum mill is crushed The outlet is connected to the first of a set of more than two centrifugal dust collectors with a filter and a de-accumulation mechanism, that is, the inlet of the one with the largest filter aperture, and the output of the last stage separator The air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the fan, and the air outlet of the fan is connected to the lower air inlet of the pendulum mill, thus forming a unit.

The centrifugal separator with a filter used in the present invention is made of an electric material removing mechanism that adds a filter cylinder and a material removal on the lower end of the original centrifugal air outlet pipe. In addition to separating larger and heavier material particles using the centrifugal principle, this separator also separates smaller and lighter materials using the screening principle. This separator can control the separation of material particles by changing the pore size of the filter. Size, if necessary, more than two centrifugal separators with filters can be connected in series to achieve two or more finished and semi-finished materials with different particle sizes in one unreal seeding division. In addition, this separator is pneumatically classified. It is more efficient than the existing screening methods, the screen surface has less abrasion, and the finished products and semi-finished products are screened with high purity and small fine powder content, which is of great significance in many industries. The pulverizing or grinding unit using a centrifugal separator with a screen can replace all screening equipment in most situations where the separation accuracy is not too high (such as feed grinding and ore grinding). Where high separation accuracy is required (such as wheat milling industry), it can replace some screening equipment. Since the present invention only adds several relatively low-cost centrifugal separators, and all or part of the screening equipment that is omitted is relatively expensive and has a large area, the invention can save investment and reduce the area. In the invention, the grading screening and separation are completed at the same time in the process of pneumatic conveying. The added value of energy consumption can be solved by only increasing the fan model or motor power. The pneumatic grading screening is shorter and faster than the ordinary screening process. Therefore, the invention has the advantages of low energy consumption, high efficiency, and significant economic benefits.

To sum up, compared with the prior art, the method of the present invention has scientific and advanced methods, simple equipment selection, excellent performance, high work efficiency, low investment, low environmental pollution, wide application area, and uniform product particle size and good quality. And other advantages, its economic and social benefits are very significant. Further description will be made below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a centrifugal separator with a filter that implements a pneumatic classification and grinding method.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an electric material removing mechanism of a centrifugal separator with a filter screen.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for implementing the patent in a skin milling system for wheat flour milling. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for carrying out the present invention in a feed processing and pulverizing step.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the impact crusher.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for implementing the patent on ore crushing. ^:

Numbering in the figure

1.Exhaust pipe 2.Intake pipe 3.Cylinder 4.Docking door

5.Electric material removal mechanism 6.Small pellet outlet pipe 7.Plug plate '' 8, Hollow shaft

9.Collecting hopper 10.Strainer cylinder 11.Brush 12.Brush plate holder

13, reducer 14, transmission shaft 15, small bevel gear 16, gear box

17, large bevel gear 18, centrifugal separator with filter 19, classification sieve

20 、 Roller mill 21 、 Impact powder looser 22 、 Bran mill 25 、 Feeding port

26, Cover plate 27, Housing 28, Stator disc 29, Stator pin

30,, rotor disc 31, rotor pin 32, motor 33, discharge port

34, bucket elevator 35, material selection device 36, jaw crusher 37, pendulum mill

38 、 Centrifugal fan 39 、 Large grain ore silo

In FIG. 1, the barrel 3 of the centrifugal separator with a strainer is composed of a cylindrical barrel at the two ends and a conical barrel in the middle. A circular arc-shaped loading and unloading door 4 is installed on the barrel 3, and an upper part of the barrel 3 is installed. There is an air inlet pipe 2 with a rectangular cross section in the tangential direction of the large cylindrical cylinder. A cylindrical exhaust pipe 1 is arranged in the center of the upper end face of the large cylindrical upper plate of the cylinder 3, and a cylindrical shape is installed at the lower end of the exhaust pipe 1. Strainer cylinder 10, the lower part of the strainer cylinder 10 is equipped with an electric material removing mechanism 5, a plug plate 7 is installed in a small cylinder at the lower end of the cylinder body 3, and the lower end of the strainer cylinder 10 is fixed on the upper end of the conical collecting hopper 9. The lower end of 9 is inserted into the upper end of the shaft hole of the hollow shaft 8 of the gear box of the electric gear removal mechanism 5 and the cylindrical shape. The small pellet outlet pipe 6 is connected to the lower end of the hollow shaft 8.

In FIG. 2, the electric de-accumulation mechanism of the centrifugal separator with a filter includes a square box gear box 16 fixed at the lower center of the cylinder 1, and a transmission shaft 14 and a cylinder 1 A small bevel gear 15 connected to the outer speed reducer 13 and a large bevel gear 17 sleeved on the hollow shaft 8 and meshing with the small bevel gear 15. The door frame-shaped brush plate frame 12 is fixed on the upper end face of the large bevel gear 17 penetrating to the gear box body 16. The long-shaped brush 11 is fixed on the brush plate frame 12, and the upper end of the hollow hole of the hollow shaft 8 and The collecting hopper 9 is connected, and the lower end is connected to the small pellet outlet pipe 6, so that it has the dual functions of supporting the large bevel gear 17 and providing a discharge channel for small materials. The work of the electric material removal mechanism is completed by the reduction gear 13 driving the transmission shaft 14, the small bevel gear 15, the large bevel gear 17, the brush plate holder 12 and the brush 11 in turn.

In the device shown in FIG. 1, when the centrifugal separator with a filter is in operation, dust-containing air enters the cylinder through the air inlet pipe 2. Body 3, the larger and heavier materials contained in the air will fall along the cylinder wall due to the effect of centrifugal force, the remaining material with a particle size larger than the filter aperture is blocked out of the filter, and the material smaller than the filter aperture passes through the filter. Larger and heavier materials fall into the collecting hopper 9 at the lower end of the screen cylinder 5 due to gravity and fall through the small pellet outlet pipe 6. The remaining smaller and lighter materials are discharged with the air from the exhaust pipe 1 or enter the filter. A centrifugal separator with a smaller mesh size for further separation. At the same time, the brush on the electric material removal mechanism 5 powered by the electric speed reducer 13 keeps rotating, brushes the material adhered to the filter cylinder 10, prevents the filter from blocking, and ensures the centrifugation with the filter. The separator works normally continuously. The function of the inserting plate 7 located at the lower end of the cylinder 3 is to ensure that the lower openings of the cylinder 3 and the small pellet outlet pipe 6 only allow the material to be discharged outwards, and air is not allowed to enter the cylinder 3. If necessary, an equivalent function can be used. Instead, use sealed containers or deaerators. The loading and unloading UI 4 is used for disassembling the screen cylinder 10, the collecting hopper 9, the electric material removing mechanism 5 and the small pellet outlet pipe 6 in the cylinder 3 when the maintenance device is installed.

A centrifugal separator is a machine that uses the centrifugal force of a rotating air stream to blow solid particles in the air containing the material onto the wall of a cylindrical or conical container, and causes the solid particles to slide down the wall of the cylinder to achieve the purpose of separation. The centrifugal separator has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and price, wide application area, and convenient use and maintenance. However, the efficiency of existing centrifugal separators can reach more than 95% when separating materials above 40 microns, but the efficiency can only reach about 40% when separating materials below 5 microns, which has long been unable to meet the rapid industrial development requirements. .

The centrifugal separator with a filter is equipped with a filter cartridge and an electric deaerator mechanism 5 at the lower end of the original centrifugal exhaust pipe, so except that larger and heavier materials can be separated by the centrifugal principle, the diameter is larger than that of the filter. The material is blocked outside the filter screen for separation. Due to the separation principle of the centrifugal separator with the filter screen, the separation principle has been changed from pure centrifugal force to the main filter screen. The separation efficiency is greatly improved. The centrifugal separator with filter screen removes the accumulation of material on the screen by the electric material removal mechanism 5. The brush on the electric material removing mechanism 5 driven by the motor rotates around the filter cylinder to sweep away the material continuously, so that the separator can work effectively without interruption. Because the centrifugal separator with a filter can control the size of the separated material particles by adjusting the pore size of the filter, it is also possible to use two or more separators with the pore size of the filter in order to be used in series. In the process, two or more finished or semi-finished products with different particle sizes are separated, which is of great significance and practical value in many industries and occasions.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 3, a device for implementing a pneumatic classification separation and grinding method in a wheat flour-derived skin milling system is an impact powder loosening machine 21 connected to a first powder mill 20 outlet, and an impact powder loosening machine 21 The air inlet of a centrifugal separator 18 with a filter is connected below the discharge port, and the outlet of the lower end of the centrifugal separator 18 with a filter is connected downward to the inlet of the classifying sieve 19, and the outlet of the sieve on the classifying sieve 19 It is connected to the second leather mill 20 inlet, The following equipment is the same except that the final classifying sieve 19 is replaced by the bran maker 22.

The existing wheat flour milling system is generally 4 to 5 passes, that is, from wheat to wheat flour to be milled 4 to 5 times, which not only has a long process, consumes a lot of time and energy, but also reduces the quality of flour, resulting in such a result. The most important reason is that the prior art has a poor screening effect. A considerable amount of flour and coarse flour are mixed in the wheat husk. Therefore, repeated grinding and sieving are necessary to increase the extraction rate and make the bran relatively pure.

The device for carrying out the pneumatic fractionation and grinding method on a wheat flour-derived skin milling system is to allow wheat to be crushed by the first skin mill 20 and crushed by an impact loosening machine 21 to remove endosperm and flour adhered to the wheat skin. Send to a centrifugal separator 18 with a screen for separation. Because you can increase the amount of water and prolong the wheat drying time before entering the mill, you can adjust the pressure of the roller and the speed difference to keep the skin as complete as possible. When separating, you can adjust the pore size of the filter to make it larger. Part of the wheat husk is separated, and the flour looser 21 is knocked out before entering the separator. The flour and endosperm adhered to the wheat husk are removed, and the centrifugal separator with a filter is classified by wind. The fine powder is far more thorough than ordinary screening. There are many advantages, so the wheat husk separated by the centrifugal separator 18 with a filter has much less endosperm and flour than ordinary recording and selection. In this way, the separated wheat husk is sent to a classification sieve 19 for screening. The sieving material, that is, the endosperm content in the wheat husk, is further reduced. The sieving material is sent to a second skin mill. After grinding, it is impacted by a shock and powder machine 21, and then separated by a second centrifugal separator 18 with a filter and then passed through The bran 22 further removes the powder from the wheat husk. In this way, only 2 skin mills 20 can be used to complete the work that previously required 4 to 5 skin mills 20, which not only reduces energy consumption, reduces equipment investment, but also significantly improves the quality of flour. If the roller mill 20 in this device is replaced with a rice mill or a shredder, the present invention can also be used to remove the shell or skin of rice, corn, beans, etc.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 4, the device for implementing the crushing method of pneumatic classification by the feed processing and crushing process is to install a plurality of one-time impact crushers 23 (only three are shown in the figure) on the upper floor of the feed factory. The feed inlet is communicated with the raw material silo that is crushed according to the requirements of the feed formula. The feed outlet is connected with the air inlet of the centrifugal separator 18 with a filter and the primary separation. After the powder outlets at the lower end of the centrifugal separator 18 meet together, they are connected to the inlet of the secondary impact crusher 23 (only one is shown in the figure) installed on the next floor. The outlet of the secondary impact crusher 23 goes up through the pipe, and then the air outlets at the upper end of the separator 18 with a filter are separated from the primary to form a header pipe. Then, it enters the centrifugal separator 18 with a filter to separate coarse powder. The air outlet is connected, and the air outlet of the upper end of the centrifugal separator 18 with a filter for separating coarse powder is in communication with the air inlet of the separator 18 with a filter for separating fine powder, and the top of the centrifugal separator 18 with a filter for separating fine powder is out The air outlet is connected with the air inlet of the centrifugal fan 24, and the air outlet of the centrifugal fan 24 is connected with the outlet pipe of the secondary impact crusher 23 in series to form a circulating air network. Because the process flow of the unit requires that the batching is synchronized with the feeding to the crusher, the number of impact crushers selected for one crushing should be Coordination with the number of raw material varieties, preferably one material per machine, but in order to harmonize the entire production line, in order to fully realize the potential of the equipment and reduce the number of equipment *, a small proportion of raw materials can choose a small size crusher or similar two or more properties The raw materials are sent to the same crusher for crushing. The process flow of using this unit is: Firstly, according to the feed formula, all the raw materials to be crushed are supplied to multiple crushers at the same time according to this example. After an impact crusher

23 The crushed material enters the supporting primary separator with screen separator 18, because the mesh diameter of the primary separator with screen 18 is selected according to the maximum particle size of the finished product, so all particles that meet the requirements of the finished product are It can pass through the filter screen, but the large particles that do not meet the requirements of the finished product are blocked out of the filter screen and discharged from the powder outlet at the lower end of the separator 18 with a primary separation filter, and several primary separation with a filter The large particles separated by the separator 18 are collected, and then enter the secondary crushing impact crusher 23. The secondary crushed materials have all reached the requirements of the finished product. These materials are discharged from the secondary impact crusher 23 discharge port. Through the corresponding pipelines, the materials passing through the screen in the primary-separated screened separator 18 are merged, and then enter the coarse-screened separator 18 and the fine-screened separator 18 In the further separation, the mesh diameter of the separator 18 with a filter for separating coarse powder is selected according to the maximum limit value of the fine powder particles of the finished product. The principle selection can not only ensure the efficient operation of the wind network, but also minimize the ultrafine powder content in the wind network. The ratio of coarse and fine powder can be controlled by adjusting the mesh diameter of the separator 18 with a filter for separating coarse powder. The separated coarse and fine powder can be used separately, so that the coarse powder feed particles are uniform, no fine powder, high quality, and The fine powder can also be used in feed combinations that require fine powder ingredients. The fine powder can also be mixed into the coarse powder after processing. In the process of separation and transportation, the crushed materials of various raw materials can be fully mixed, so the unit has a mixing function.

At present, the process of the crushing process in the feed industry is divided into two types: first crushing and then crushing before and after the ingredients are crushed. From raw materials to finished products, it is divided into two types: first crushing and then crushing, and from raw materials to finished products. The number of crushing times is divided into two types: primary crushing and secondary crushing. As mentioned above, the four process methods each have their own advantages but also have disadvantages. In particular, the most widely used feed crusher is the hammer crusher. The working principle of the hammer shredder is that the motor drives the rotor of the shredder to rotate at a high speed in a cylindrical sieve plate cylinder placed in the casing, and dozens or dozens of hammers suspended on the rotor hammer plate rack are continuously hit into the sieve plate. The material of the cylinder is crushed until the material is crushed to a size smaller than the aperture of the sieve plate and the small particle material has sufficient centrifugal speed. Compared with other existing pulverizers, the hammer pulverizer has the advantages of simple structure, good general performance, strong adaptability, high productivity, and safe use, so it is currently the most widely used pulverizer in the food and feed processing industry. However, as mentioned in the relevant teaching materials and many technical materials, the biggest disadvantage of the hammer crusher is that after the material enters the sieve plate barrel and is hit for the first time, it is quickly brought into the circular motion along with the hammer blade. Material circulation layer. After that, although the hammer blade is faster than the material in the circulation layer, the hammer blade still has the ability to crack and crush the material, and the material and the sieve plate, the material and the tooth plate and the material and The impact, shearing and friction between materials can also make the material continue to be crushed, but its crushing efficiency has been greatly reduced. In addition, due to the action of centrifugal force, the large particles in the outer layer of the circulation layer prevent small particles from passing through the sieve holes in time, causing a considerable amount of material to operate ineffectively in the circulation layer, which not only consumes electricity in vain, but also forms repeated excessive crushing, which is not good for product quality. . In addition, hammers manufactured by carburizing or quenching in the prior art have a short life, and hammers manufactured by the surfacing tungsten carbide method have a longer life, but the welding process is complicated, the cost is high, and the rotor dynamic balance is not good.

The device for implementing the crushing method of pneumatic classification in the material processing and crushing process is to replace the hammer crusher in the original unit with a plurality of impact crushers as a one-time crusher, and at the same time crush all the conveyed materials from the raw material silo according to the prescribed proportion of the feed formula. For each raw material that is crushed at one time, each impact crusher is equipped with a centrifugal separator with a filter to separate large particles that do not meet the requirements of the finished product. The separated large particle materials are collected and sent to a secondary crushing impact crusher to be crushed again to meet the requirements of the finished product. The material that is pulverized into finished products is then sent to two centrifugal separators with filter screens to separate the coarse powder feed and fine powder feed in order by pneumatic conveying. Because this unit adopts post-pulverization, secondary pulverization process and pneumatic conveying method, it certainly has all the advantages of these two processes and pneumatic conveying methods. At the same time, because of the multiple pulverizers used in the primary pulverization of the unit, each pulverizes only one. Two or more raw materials with similar properties, so it overcomes most of the shortcomings of the post-pulverization process. In addition, the unit uses a secondary pulverization process, although the number of equipment has increased, but due to the increased impact pulverizer for secondary pulverization The centrifugal separator with a strainer has a simple structure and a low price, so the total equipment investment is less than that of the existing secondary crushing process. In addition, two centrifugal separators with filter screens are added by using the unit of the present invention, which can separate the finished coarse powder and finished fine powder respectively after the first and second crushing, which can significantly improve production efficiency and product quality. The crushing unit adopting the invention uses multiple impact crushers to replace the original hammer crusher and has no screen, high crushing efficiency, large output, long life of wearing parts, convenient use and maintenance, simple structure, wide application, etc. .

In the feed processing and pulverizing process, a device for performing a pulverizing method of pneumatic classification is used for primary and secondary pulverization. Impact pulverizers are used in this type of pulverizer. As shown in the figure, the shell 27 of the impact pulverizer has a cylindrical inner cavity. Disk-shaped casing, the lower end of the casing 27 is connected to the flange of the motor 32, and its upper port is connected to the cover plate 26. There is a discharge port 33 along the tangential direction of the casing 27, and the cover plate 26 is Disk-shaped, there is a feed port 25 in the center of the cover plate 26. The disk-shaped stator plate 28 is fixed to the lower end surface of the cover plate 26. The stator plate 28 is installed with three or more rows of dozens of stator pins 29. The circular groove is machined at the position. The disc-shaped rotor disc 30 is directly fixed on the motor 32 shaft. The rotor disc 30 is also installed with three rows or more of dozens of rotor pins 31. The circle is also machined at a predetermined position on the rotor disc. Annular groove. The design should ensure that the radial clearance between the rotor pin 31 and the stator pin 29 after the assembly can meet the requirements of the particle size of the crusher particles, and the outer end surface of the rotor pin 31 should be inserted into the EI slot of the stator disk 28. The outer end face of the stator pin 29 It is inserted into the groove of the rotor disk 30. During operation, the motor 32 rotates at high speed with the rotor disk 30. The material enters the casing 27 from the inlet 25 in the center of the cover plate 26, and then moves outward in the radial direction due to airflow and centrifugal force. After the strong shear and impact of the upper three-circle rotor pin 31, it is thrown on the casing 27 and then violently impacted, and finally discharged from the discharge port 33, which becomes the crushed product.

This type of impactor does not use a screen to control the size of the finished product particles. Instead, it controls the size of the radial gap between the rotor pin and the stator pin. Every time a rotor rotates, each rotor writes off, there are dozens of times to approach each stator pin, and there is a chance of hitting the material, and all the rotor pins have tens of thousands of opportunities to strike, so as long as the rotor pin and the stator pin The radial gap between them is determined, except for the bran and forage flat materials, it is impossible to produce particulate materials larger than this gap. Therefore, it is reliable to control the size of the finished particles by this method. Because there is no screen blocking, the high-speed rotating rotor centrifugal force and the pneumatic conveying wind force the material to be quickly thrown out from the radial direction after being crushed. There is basically no useless power consumption during the entire crushing process, so the efficiency is significantly improved, and the energy consumption is greatly reduce. In addition, the only consumable part in the impact crusher without sieve plate and tooth plate machine is the only pin that has the same function as the hammer. In order to maximize the life of the consumables, this impact mill uses billet carbide pins. The billet cemented carbide pin is a circular groove processed around a large plane on a rectangular parallelepiped steel pin with a screw at one end, and then brazed hard alloy square ring parts with hardness up to HRC75 are brazed. Or it is made by gluing to the steel pin blank. The service life of this type of pin is more than 20 times longer than that of heat-treated steel products. The application of billet cemented carbide pins not only greatly reduces maintenance workload and reduces operating costs, but more importantly, it ensures the long-term performance of the machine. Stable operation under high efficiency, creating very significant economic benefits.

Based on the above analysis, compared with the prior art, the device for implementing the pulverization method of pneumatic classification in the feed processing and pulverization process has the advantages of comprehensive investment, high production efficiency, low power consumption, wide application area, long service life of wearing parts, and equipment use. Convenient maintenance, uniform product granules, good quality, high comprehensive benefits, and other significant economic and social benefits.

Example 3

As shown in FIG. 6, a device for implementing a pulverizing method of pneumatic classification in the ore pulverizing industry is to install a jaw crusher 36, a bucket elevator 34 and a pendulum mill 37 on the same floor plane. The crusher outlet (9) is facing the hopper in the lower part of the bucket elevator 34. The upper outlet of the bucket elevator 34 is connected to the inlet of the material selection device 35 below by a pipe, and the outlet of the material selection device 35 is straight through. grinder

The inlet of 37, the upper end of the pendulum mill 37 is connected to the inlet of the large-grained ore separator (4), and the separator 18 with a screen to separate the coarse ore and the fine ore separator are connected in series in the following. The separator 18 with a filter, the air outlet of the upper end of the separator 18 with a filter that separates fine mineral powder communicates with the air inlet of the centrifugal fan 38, and the air outlet of the centrifugal fan 38 is at the bottom of the pendulum mill 37 Connected to the air inlet, in addition, The powder outlet at the lower end of the separator 18 with a filter for separating large particles of ore is connected to the large particle ore silo 39, while the powder outlets at the lower ends of the coarse and fine powder separators are respectively connected to the coarse and fine powder silos (not shown in the figure). Draw) communicate. The process of crushing the ore by this unit is: the ore first enters the jaw crusher 36 and is crushed and crushed into small pieces, then it is lifted by the bucket elevator 34, and then enters the pendulum mill 37 after passing through the material selection device 35. After further grinding, the powdery finished product that meets the requirements of the finished product and a part of the ore particles that do not reach the required particle size of the finished product are pulverized in the pendulum mill 37 by the air blown by the centrifugal fan 38 upward from the bottom of the pendulum mill 37. Directly enter the separator 18 with a filter for large-grained ore. The diameter of the screen of the separator 18 with a filter for separating large-sized ore is based on the size of the ore particles that can pass through the filter and just reach the maximum size of the finished coarse powder. Trail requirements to choose. In this way, the ore powder that meets the requirements of the finished product can pass through the filter screen and then enter the separator 18 with a filter to separate the coarse ore powder. Large-grained ore that does not meet the required particle size of the finished product is blocked out of the screen and falls into the large-grained ore bin 39 through the powder outlet at the lower end of the separator. Separator 18 with filter for separating coarse ore powder The pore size of the filter is selected according to the maximum particle size requirement of the finished fine powder. In this way, the fine ore powder that meets the requirements of the finished fine powder can pass through the filter and enter the filter with fine ore separation The separator 18 of the net, and the coarse ore powder is blocked out of the filter screen. After being discharged from the powder outlet at the lower end of the separator, it enters the coarse ore powder silo (not shown in the figure). The separator 18 of the net can separate the fine ore powder, and the fine ore powder is discharged from the powder outlet of the lower end of the separator 18 with a filter for separating the fine ore powder, and enters the fine ore silo (not shown in the figure). In this way, the air discharged from the air outlet at the upper end of the separator 18 with a filter for separating fine mineral powder contains only a very small amount of ultrafine mineral powder (if necessary, an additional classifier can be added to separate the ultrafine powder). The substantially clean air then enters the centrifugal fan 38 through the duct and resumes the next cycle. The above process is the crushing process of pneumatic classification. The purpose of adding a large-grain ore silo 39 in this unit is to store large-grain ore, after it has been accumulated to a certain amount, cut off the incoming material from the material selection device 35, and send the large-grain ore directly to the pendulum mill. Grinded separately in 37. This can avoid entering the mill with the large ore to affect the grinding effect. In addition, the large-grain ore bin 39 can also be omitted, and the large-grain ore can be directly sent to another small-size pendulum mill or impact mill for grinding. This can greatly increase unit output.

Pendulum mill is a kind of equipment for grinding hard materials such as ore. It is widely used in refractories and other industries. This unit generally consists of a jaw crusher, a bucket elevator, a set of material selection device, a pendulum mill, an analyzer, a centrifugal fan, and two centrifugal separators connected by a number of pipes Composed together. During work, the ore is first crushed into small pieces by a jaw crusher, and then lifted by a bucket elevator. After the material selection device, it enters a pendulum mill for further grinding, a centrifugal fan, a pendulum mill, an analyzer, The centrifugal separator and related pipes form a wind net that lifts and separates the ore powder. In this system, the fan blows up the ore powder crushed into the finished product and the small-sized ore that does not meet the requirements of the finished product from the bottom of the pendulum mill. The analyzer uses a speed-regulating motor to adjust the rotation speed of a disc-type multi-blade impeller to stop the particle size from reaching the finished product. The small-particle ore with the required particle size passes, forcing it to fall and continue to be ground. The air with the finished powder passes through the analyzer and continues to rise, and enters the centrifugal separator. In the centrifugal separator, a part of the finished ore powder is separated, and a part With the air, the ore powder enters the fan again through the corresponding pipes and circulates in the wind network. The existing unit has the following two major drawbacks. One is that although the analyzer can play an effective screening role, its structure is complicated, the cost is high, and the use and maintenance are inconvenient. The most important thing is its power consumption and the power of the matching fan. Excessive consumption. The second is that the existing unit uses a single centrifugal separator with the lowest separation efficiency. As a result, a considerable part of the ore powder cannot be separated and is circulated in the wind network with the air. This not only wastes electricity, but also reduces product output. Accelerate the wear and tear of related parts, and cause the unit to choose inefficient centrifugal fans with a very backward structure and an efficiency of only about 40%. The end result is that more than 60% of the work done by the fan motor is useless. Fans, centrifugal separators, And the service life of related pipelines was shortened by more than half, and the output of the entire unit was reduced by at least 20%.

The device for implementing the pulverization method of pneumatic classification in the ore crushing industry eliminates the analysis machine in the original unit, and uses a centrifugal separator with a filter to separate the larger particles of ore that are blown by the fan and do not meet the requirements of the finished product. , And then send them to the original pendulum mill or the new mill to re-grind. This will not only reduce energy consumption, but also increase unit output. Using two centrifugal separators with filters will further reach the finished product. The required coarse ore powder and fine ore powder are separated separately. Not only is the separation efficiency much higher than that of the old separator, which greatly reduces the air ore content in the wind network, but also creates the necessary conditions for the selection of an efficient centrifugal fan with an efficiency of about 80%. The power consumption of the whole device is greatly reduced.

In summary, compared with the existing units, the device for implementing the pulverization method of pneumatic classification in the ore pulverization industry has a scientific and reasonable design structure, simple and applicable equipment structure, large output, high efficiency, low power consumption, and convenient use and maintenance. The product has the advantages of long service life, wide application range, fine and fine powder, and high product quality. Its economic and social benefits are very significant.

Claims

Claim

1. A pulverizing and / or grinding method, which uses one or more pulverizing and / or pulverizing machines to pulverize and / or grind one or more materials, and uses a pneumatic conveying method to convey the pulverized and / or pulverized materials. Or milled material, which is characterized in that pneumatic conveying of the material uses one or more centrifugal separators connected in series with a filter and an electric de-accumulation mechanism and the filter pore diameter is sequentially reduced for pneumatic classification and screening Separation in order to separate one or several finished or semi-finished products of different particle sizes in one processing cycle.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device comprises one or more pulverizers and / or mills, one or more in series, with a filter and an electric descaler Centrifugal separator with a feeding mechanism and a reduced sieve aperture.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the centrifugal separator with a strainer and an electric de-accumulation mechanism comprises a cylindrical cylinder with a lower section connected with a small-section cone and a small cylindrical cylinder. An air inlet pipe with a rectangular cross section in the tangential direction of the upper part of the cylinder, a cylindrical exhaust pipe installed at the center of the upper end of the cylinder, and a plug-in board installed in a small cylinder at the lower end of the cylinder. The upper part of the body is equipped with 18 arc-shaped loading and unloading doors, and a cylindrical filter cylinder is installed at the lower end of the exhaust pipe. The filter cylinder is fixed at the upper end of the conical dust collecting bucket, and an electric material removing mechanism is installed below the filter cylinder. The lower end of the dust collecting bucket is inserted into the upper end hole of the hollow shaft of the gear box of the electric de-accumulation mechanism, and the small circular dust particles and mouthpieces are installed outside the hollow shaft end of the hollow shaft of the gear box of the electric de-accumulation mechanism. .

4. The device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the structure of the electric de-accumulation mechanism is as follows: a square box-shaped gear box body fixed at the central position of the lower part of the cylinder body, and a passage inside the box body The driving shaft is connected with a small bevel gear connected to a reducer installed outside the barrel, and a large bevel gear that is sleeved on the hollow shaft and meshes with the small bevel gear. The door frame-shaped brush plate holder is fixed to the large bevel gear and penetrates outside the gear box. On the upper end surface, the strip-shaped brush is fixed on the brush plate holder, and the upper end of the hollow hole of the hollow shaft is connected to the dust collecting bucket, and the lower end is connected to the small dust particle outlet pipe.

5. The device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the filter cylinder is made by covering a cylindrical metal frame with a screen, and the material aperture of the screen should be according to the dust to be cleaned. The nature, content, particle size, and the temperature, humidity, acidity and dust removal effect of the medium are determined by various factors.

6. The device embodiment 1 according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the device comprises a roller mill and an impact powder loosener connected thereafter, and the impact loose One or more centrifugal separators with a filter and a deagglomeration mechanism connected to the powder machine, the first of which is the separator with the largest filter mesh is connected to the powder cleaner, and the powder cleaner is connected after A roller mill, which in turn is connected with an impact powder loosening machine, a centrifugal dust collector with a filter and a material removal mechanism, and a powder cleaner in order. The effect of this device is to use as few processes as possible Flaky, small specific material is removed.

7. The device embodiment 2 according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that a plurality of impact grinders for primary crushing are installed on the upper floor of a feed mill, and the feed inlets of the crushers and the feed The formula requires that the silos to be pulverized are communicated with each other, and its discharge port is connected with a plurality of meshes with a filter and an air inlet of a centrifugal separator of a deagglomeration mechanism, and a plurality of strips with primary filtration The net and the powder outlet at the lower end of the centrifugal separator of the de-accumulation mechanism are merged together, and connected to the feeding port of the secondary crushing impact crusher installed on the next floor, and the outlet of the secondary crushing impact crusher passes through The pipe is upward, and then combined with the upper air outlets of the primary separators to form a header pipe, which communicates with the air inlet of the coarse powder separator, while the upper air outlet of the coarse powder separator communicates with the air inlet of the fine powder separator, and the upper end of the fine powder separator The air outlet is connected with the air inlet of the centrifugal fan, and the fan's air outlet is connected with the secondary crusher outlet pipe in series to form a circulating air network. This device uses the secondary crushing method to crush the material.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the impact crusher comprises a rotor which is directly fixed on the motor shaft in a casing, and an inner cavity is a cylindrical lower end surface fixed to the motor flange. The casing on the disk is composed of a disk-shaped cover plate on which the stator disk is installed. The rotor disk and the stator disk are installed with three or more rows of dozens of billet cemented carbide pins. The rotor disk and the stator disk are provided at specified positions. All circular grooves have been machined. After assembly, the radial clearance between the rotor pin and the stator pin should meet the particle size requirements of the finished particles crushed by the grinder. Except for high-fiber materials such as chaff and forage, The radial clearance between the rotor pin and the stator pin should be equal to or slightly larger than the particle size size of the finished particles required to be crushed, and the end face of the rotor pin is inserted into the corresponding groove of the stator disk, and the end face of the stator pin is inserted into the corresponding rotor disk. IHJ slot.

9. The device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that all the billet cemented carbide pins on the rotor and the stator disk are rectangular parallelepiped parts with a screw at one end, and are used around a large plane of the rectangular parallelepiped. Brazing or gluing cemented carbide parts.

10. The device embodiment 3 according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the pulverizing outlet of a pendulum mill is connected with a group of two or more belt filters and electric motors used in series. One of the centrifugal dust collectors of the material removal mechanism is connected to the air inlet of the largest filter aperture, and the air outlet of the last-stage separator is connected to the air inlet of the fan, and the air outlet of the fan is connected to the pendulum mill. The air inlet of the lower part of the machine is connected to form a unit. This device can separate two or more materials with different particle sizes in one cycle of pneumatic conveying.