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WO2002043917A1 - Gaz de coupage et procede de coupage au rayon laser - Google Patents

Gaz de coupage et procede de coupage au rayon laser Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002043917A1
WO2002043917A1 PCT/EP2001/014007 EP0114007W WO0243917A1 WO 2002043917 A1 WO2002043917 A1 WO 2002043917A1 EP 0114007 W EP0114007 W EP 0114007W WO 0243917 A1 WO0243917 A1 WO 0243917A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cutting
cutting gas
gas
laser beam
laser
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2001/014007
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johann Herrmann
Original Assignee
Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10063168A external-priority patent/DE10063168A1/de
Application filed by Linde Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to AU2002220741A priority Critical patent/AU2002220741A1/en
Publication of WO2002043917A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002043917A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
    • B23K26/125—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases of mixed gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/38—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0211—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in cutting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cutting gas for laser flame cutting.
  • the invention further relates to a method for laser beam flame cutting of materials from unalloyed or low-alloy steels, in particular from structural steels, wherein a focused laser beam is guided onto the surface of the workpiece to be machined and a cutting gas stream is directed against the workpiece surface via at least one nozzle.
  • the properties of laser radiation have led to lasers being used in many areas of material processing today.
  • the laser processing systems are known per se. As a rule, they have a laser processing head, possibly with a nozzle arranged coaxially with the laser beam.
  • Laser processing systems are often used in connection with CNC controls of guiding machines for x-y cutting direction. Handling systems for three-dimensional workpieces are increasingly being used in laser beam cutting.
  • An automatic cutting parameter assignment (laser power adapted to the respective cutting speed during the cutting process) based on the contour shape to be cut is generally a prerequisite for good cutting quality even at sharp corners and acute angles.
  • Laser beam cutting is the most frequently used laser processing method worldwide. For example, in Germany over 80% of laser processing systems are used for cutting. A distinction is made between laser beam flame cutting, laser beam fusion cutting and laser beam sublimation cutting.
  • the material With laser beam fusion cutting, the material is melted by the laser radiation in the separation spot. The melt is extracted with a cutting gas
  • Laser beam fusion cutting with cutting gas under high pressure has established itself in the cutting of stainless steels, but is also sometimes used for other materials such as structural steel or aluminum.
  • Cutting gas for laser beam fusion cutting is usually an inert gas such as nitrogen in particular.
  • the laser beam brings the material to ignition temperature.
  • the material to be cut on the surface in the area of the kerf is heated to an ignition temperature of approximately 1050 to 1200 ° C by the focused laser beam.
  • the cutting oxygen jet the material burns in the kerf to form a thin slag, which is blown out of the kerf by the kinetic energy of the cutting oxygen jet.
  • the exothermic reaction of the oxygen used as the cutting gas with the tool to be cut generates part of the necessary energy and thereby enables high cutting speeds with relatively low laser beam powers.
  • about 40% of the energy for the cutting process is supplied by the exothermic combustion of the iron, while the remaining 60% of the energy is brought in by the laser beam.
  • oxygen purity has a decisive influence on the cutting result. It is assumed that a higher degree of oxygen purity can increase the maximum possible cutting speed for a good cutting quality. Recommended purities for the oxygen used as the cutting gas are 99.95% or higher. It should be noted that helium does not occur as a contamination of oxygen in practice.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of demonstrating a cutting gas and a method of the type mentioned at the outset, which allow laser beam flame cutting even and especially at high laser beam powers.
  • the aim is to achieve a high cutting speed.
  • high-quality, process-reliable and reproducible laser flame cutting should be made possible.
  • a cutting gas which is a gas mixture which contains at least the constituents oxygen and helium.
  • the cutting gas advantageously contains less than 10% by volume of helium.
  • the cutting gas has an oxygen content of at least 90% by volume.
  • the helium content is between 0.01 and 9% by volume, preferably between 0.1 and 8% by volume, particularly preferably between 0.5 and 6% by volume.
  • Cutting gas mixtures containing oxygen and helium have proven particularly useful, the helium content of which is between 0.6 and 5% by volume, preferably between 0.75 and 4% by volume.
  • the helium content can be between 1 and 3% by volume.
  • a helium admixture of 1% by volume in the cutting gas results in approximately a 4% reduction in the cutting speed with the same laser beam power.
  • the typical symptoms of overheating no longer occur. This means that double or even triple the laser beam power can suddenly be used, especially with thinner materials. This in turn permits a corresponding increase in the possible cutting speed with a good cutting quality.
  • the reduction in oxygen purity is more than compensated for by an increase in laser power.
  • the invention is based on the deliberate acceptance of a parameter which is known to deteriorate the quality, namely a reduced oxygen content in the cutting gas, which, however, only makes it possible to utilize high laser powers. In this way, a large limitation of laser beam cutting can be removed with the invention. The limit of high quality laser beam cutting can even be shifted towards higher cutting speeds.
  • the cutting gas contains at least 92% by volume, preferably at least 95% by volume, particularly preferably at least 97% by volume, of oxygen.
  • cutting gas mixtures according to the invention can contain further oxygen-mixed components in addition to helium. Due to the properties of oxygen and helium described above, binary mixtures of oxygen and helium are preferred as cutting gas mixtures.
  • a high-power laser can advantageously be used for beam generation.
  • all suitable types of laser can be used here.
  • Nd YAG lasers or, above all, CO 2 lasers are particularly suitable.
  • laser powers of more than 1 kW, in particular more than 1.2 kW, preferably more than 1.5 kW, particularly preferably more than 2 kW cutting is advantageous. High-quality cuts can also be produced with laser powers over 2.5 kW, even over 3 kW.
  • cutting gas pressures above 0.05 MPa preferably between 0.1 and 2.5 MPa, particularly preferably between 0.2 and 2.0 MPa.
  • Increased cutting gas pressures are possible with the invention, in particular with larger material thicknesses.
  • High quality cuts are also possible above 0.5 MPa, even above 0.7 MPa.
  • the cutting gas pressures refer to pressures at the nozzle.
  • the invention allows high-quality and reproducible cutting, in particular of unalloyed and low-alloy steels, especially of structural steels.
  • Laser flame cutting according to the invention has proven to be reliable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un gaz de coupage et un procédé de coupage au rayon laser d'aciers non alliés ou faiblement alliés, en particulier d'aciers de construction. Comme gaz de coupage, on utilise, conformément à l'invention, un mélange de gaz composé d'oxygène et d'hélium. Des coupes reproductibles de haute qualité peuvent être obtenues, pour des puissances laser élevées et des vitesses de coupage élevées, en utilisant un gaz de coupage renfermant moins de 10 % en volume d'hélium.
PCT/EP2001/014007 2000-11-30 2001-11-30 Gaz de coupage et procede de coupage au rayon laser WO2002043917A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002220741A AU2002220741A1 (en) 2000-11-30 2001-11-30 Cutting gas and method for laser beam gas cutting

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10059530 2000-11-30
DE10059530.8 2000-11-30
DE10063168A DE10063168A1 (de) 2000-11-30 2000-12-18 Schneidgas und Verfahren zum Laserstrahlbrennschneiden
DE10063168.1 2000-12-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002043917A1 true WO2002043917A1 (fr) 2002-06-06

Family

ID=26007848

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2001/014007 WO2002043917A1 (fr) 2000-11-30 2001-11-30 Gaz de coupage et procede de coupage au rayon laser

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002220741A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002043917A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8217303B2 (en) * 2009-03-16 2012-07-10 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Dual gas laser cutting of medical devices
EP2777863A1 (fr) * 2013-03-11 2014-09-17 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé, dispositif et utilisation d'une composition gazeuse pour la découpe au laser
DE102017219424A1 (de) 2017-10-30 2019-05-02 Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren zum Ermitteln einer Sauerstoffreinheit beim Laserbrennschneiden, sowie Laserbearbeitungsmaschine und Computerprogrammprodukt

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55130391A (en) * 1979-03-29 1980-10-09 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Cutting method of foamed metal using laser
US4724297A (en) * 1985-05-09 1988-02-09 Aga Aktiebolag Methods in the laser cutting of metallic workpieces
EP0383668A1 (fr) * 1989-02-14 1990-08-22 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé de découpe au laser d'aciers au carbone
AT393241B (de) * 1986-06-11 1991-09-10 Aga Ab Verfahren zum laserschneiden von metallischen werkstuecken
DE4429228C1 (de) * 1994-08-18 1995-08-24 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Metallschutzgasschweißen mit rotierendem Lichtbogen
EP0718070A1 (fr) * 1994-07-08 1996-06-26 Fanuc Ltd. Procede d'usinage au laser
US5767479A (en) * 1994-02-28 1998-06-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Laser beam machining apparatus and corresponding method which employs a laser beam to pretreat and machine a workpiece

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55130391A (en) * 1979-03-29 1980-10-09 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Cutting method of foamed metal using laser
US4724297A (en) * 1985-05-09 1988-02-09 Aga Aktiebolag Methods in the laser cutting of metallic workpieces
AT393241B (de) * 1986-06-11 1991-09-10 Aga Ab Verfahren zum laserschneiden von metallischen werkstuecken
EP0383668A1 (fr) * 1989-02-14 1990-08-22 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé de découpe au laser d'aciers au carbone
US5767479A (en) * 1994-02-28 1998-06-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Laser beam machining apparatus and corresponding method which employs a laser beam to pretreat and machine a workpiece
EP0718070A1 (fr) * 1994-07-08 1996-06-26 Fanuc Ltd. Procede d'usinage au laser
DE4429228C1 (de) * 1994-08-18 1995-08-24 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Metallschutzgasschweißen mit rotierendem Lichtbogen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 004, no. 183 (M - 047) 17 December 1980 (1980-12-17) *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8217303B2 (en) * 2009-03-16 2012-07-10 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Dual gas laser cutting of medical devices
US9511451B2 (en) 2009-03-16 2016-12-06 Abbott Cardiovascular System Inc. Dual gas laser cutting of medical devices
EP2777863A1 (fr) * 2013-03-11 2014-09-17 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé, dispositif et utilisation d'une composition gazeuse pour la découpe au laser
DE102017219424A1 (de) 2017-10-30 2019-05-02 Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren zum Ermitteln einer Sauerstoffreinheit beim Laserbrennschneiden, sowie Laserbearbeitungsmaschine und Computerprogrammprodukt
DE102017219424B4 (de) 2017-10-30 2022-12-08 Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren zum Ermitteln einer Sauerstoffreinheit beim Laserbrennschneiden, Verfahren zum Anpassen einer Standard-Schneidgeschwindigkeit sowie Laserbearbeitungsmaschine und Computerprogrammprodukt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002220741A1 (en) 2002-06-11

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