COUPLING ARRANGEMENT COMPRISING CONNECTION DEVICES FOR CONDUITS OR THE LIKE.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a coupling arrangement in a paper machine for connecting one or more conduits to a container, preferably one or more conduits for stock, which are arranged between and at a head box and a flow distributor, which coupling arrangement comprises a quick connection arrangement as a releasable joint between a first coupling part and a second coupling part, and which coupling arrangement further comprises a connection device and a socket, wherein the connection device comprises a hose coupling part and said first coupling part with sealing means, and wherein said socket is arranged with an opening.
PROBLEM PRESENTATION AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In all industrial production of paper regardless of the kind, i.e. cardboard, carton, newsprint paper, colored paper and so on, the production is done by forming a stock with suitable properties into a continuous web by dewatering. The stock, which consists of a suspension of pulp and other raw materials, is prepared in the stock preparation department of the paper mill, in which pulp, broke, filler, glue, color etc. are ground and mixed together with water to a desired composition with a carefully determined fiber concentration, pH and temperature for obtaining the best forming. From the stock preparation department the stock is transferred via a flow distributor to a head box having the same width as the formed fibrous web. The transfer from the stock preparation department may for instance be done by pumping the stock to the flow distributor via a tube system, which forms a circulation pipe. The stock streams out from the head box through a slice, in one or several stock stream layers, onto one or between two forming fabrics, which latter are arranged to run together. Forming fabrics consist of a permeable fabric, which for instance is made of metal or plastic threads, why a continuous fibrous web is formed by the dewatering through the forming fabric or the forming fabrics. The obtained fibrous web may have a total width of up to approximately 10 meters when it leaves the forming zone.
In the case of a head box for forming a multi-layer web, the flow distributor comprises a separate cross-distributing tube for each stock stream layer, which cross-distributing tubes are tapered in their longitudinal direction. A large number of thinner conduits, i.e. having a relatively small diameter in relation to the cross-distributing tubes, extend
between each cross-distributing tube and a back of the head box. The thinner conduits are intended to provide an even and constant distribution of the stock flow across the entire width of the head box. The conduits consist of flexible coupling hoses or ridged branch pipes, which are mounted in a long row closely spaced apart and substantially along the entire cross-distributing tube and back of the head box. It will be understood that it takes a very large number of thin hoses or pipes for the distribution of the stock across an approximately 10 meter wide head box. The number of connection devices for the actual assembly of the conduit to the cross-distributing tube and to the head box respectively, which connection devices are arranged at each end of each conduit, may for this reason amount to several hundred devices. Furthermore, each connection device often consists of two coupling parts, which may constitute a male and a female member for cooperation with each other, wherein one of the coupling parts being mounted at the hose end while the other coupling part is mounted at the machine part to which the hose is intended to be connected.
In the manufacture of paper with different properties, for instance when changing from one paper with high content of mechanical mass to a so-called wood free paper, or in the manufacture of colored paper with different colors, it is very important that all equipment can be cleaned thoroughly. Even if small amounts of mechanical mass have a small impact on the quality it is very easy to indicate fibers from mechanical mass in paper by the aid of color reagents. In the manufacture of colored paper it is even more important to drain and clean hoses, pipes, conduits etc. for not causing problems and complaints. Therefore it is very essential that the tube system around the head box is such that sediments of filler, color remnants etc. can be washed away in a simple and effective way. Normally, the cross distributing tubes have inspection openings for cleaning, while the different pipe and hose components usually must be dismantled at said connection devices for enabling of a corresponding cleaning or when changing the components at service or repair.
All connection devices that are used today, whether they are connected by means of screw threads, bolted joints, or flanges clips, are either very complicated and therefore both time consuming to handle and expensive to purchase, or they provide deficient connections with a large risk for leakage. Dirt and deposits from waste increase the problems even more. Furthermore, if said connection devices having two coupling parts arranged onto each other are used, which coupling parts are cooperating with each other as male- and female members, the number of integrated units and the handling of these units quickly becomes a considerable problem in all service, repair and/or cleaning.
Therefore it will be understood that the need for an efficient and safe coupling arrangement, comprising simple and inexpensive connection devices for different kinds of conduits, is very large and that this need not only exists for head boxes but also for many other kinds of machine parts that are comprising connections for conduits, hoses and/or pipes.
PRIOR ART
A couple of examples of connection devices 1 that are used today are shown in figures 2 to 5. For instance, in figure 2 is shown a connection device 1 that has a first coupling part 2 mounted to a container 3 by means of a screw threading 4, while figure 3 shows two coupling parts 2 belonging to a group of connection devices 1 that are firmly welded close to each other at a common container, for instance a head box 3. To each such coupling part 2 is then one of the incoming coupling hoses 6, pipes etc. fastened by a quick connection arrangement, which for instance consists of a flange clip 5, with the help of a second coupling part 7 which is mounted at said hose 6, pipe etc. as shown in the figures 4 and 5 and which cooperates with the first coupling part 2. The flange clip 5 is arranged in such a way that it peripherally encloses the two flanges 8 of the coupling parts 2, 1 when arranged onto each other, thus creating a releasable joint between these.
In figure 5 is clearly visualized how the lack of operating space constitutes a problem when the connection devices 1 are arranged close to each other. If changing or cleaning requires each flange clip 5 or screw threading 4 to be released, it will be appreciated that the work becomes both laborious and problematic, in particular if the number of connection devices 1 is very large as in the case of the head box 3 mentioned above. A bolted joint (not shown) comprising a number of screws, which are circularly arranged around and through the flanges 8 at each connection device 1, would nearly make it impossible to regularly clean or service such a head box 3. If instead a connection device is used that comprises two coupling parts, which are joined with each other by means of screw threading (not shown), these must be turned several times in relation to each other before a safe attachment is achieved and which turning is made more difficult by the torsional rigidity and length of the hose. On the other hand, a screw threaded device, which may rotate freely in relation to the rest of the hose, constitutes a much more expensive variant of connection device.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a connection device, including a coupling arrangement comprising one or several such connecting devices,
which coupling arrangement and connection devices eliminate or at least substantially reduce the problems mentioned above.
The arrangement according to the present invention is characterized in that said first coupling part may be fixated inside said opening in a sealing manner by means of said quick connection arrangement so that said opening constitutes said second coupling part.
Through the present invention may individual or, by using a longer locking strip, multiple connection devices be released at the same time. The earlier big problems with stock deposits and dirt, in particular with threaded joints, are substantially reduced. The total production cost for the coupling arrangement, according to the present invention, is estimated to be approximately 160.000 SEC less expensive per head box than compared with the connection devices usually used up till now, which comprise double coupling parts for each hose coupling and which coupling parts are arranged to be connected to each other in the form of male- and female means.
LIST OF FIGURES
The invention will be described more closely with reference to the annexed figures in the following, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a schematic, perspective view of parts of a head box with a flow distributor, which comprises three separate cross-distributing tubes, each with a return pipe for return stock, and between which cross-distributing tubes and said back of the head box a large number of coupling hoses are mounted by means of a coupling arrangement according to the invention, which is arranged at each end of the coupling end parts. Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of one of two coupling parts being parts in a previously known connection device, which coupling part is tightly screwed to a container by means of a screw thread and which is shown in a cross-section through the lower part of the coupling part. Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-section of parts of a previously known coupling arrangement, comprising several first coupling parts arranged at a socket which is firmly welded to a container. Fig. 4 and 5 are schematic cross-sections of parts of the connection devices and coupling arrangements according to figures 2 and 3, at which connection devices
coupling hoses are mounted to the first coupling parts by means of additional coupling parts and flange clips. Fig. 6 is a schematic side view of parts of a coupling arrangement according to the invention comprising a connection device and a socket, where the inner dimensions and details are being shown by means of dashed lines, which coupling arrangement also comprises a locking strip and screws for a releasable locking of the connection device and the socket to each other. Fig. 7 is a schematic top view of the coupling arrangement according to figure 6. Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the coupling arrangement according to figure 6.
Fig. 9 is a schematic side view of the socket according to figure 6.
Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the socket according to figure 6, in which the hidden contour lines are shown with dashed lines. Fig. 1 la - d are schematically showing the locking strip according to figure 6 in top, longitudinal, side and perspective views.
Fig. 12a - d are schematically showing parts of a coupling arrangement according to a second embodiment, comprising eight connection devices at one common socket of some length in longitudinal, side, top, and perspective views. Fig. 13 is a schematic cross-section through the coupling arrangement according to figure 12c.
Fig. 14 is a schematic perspective view of a part of the coupling arrangement according to figure 12d. Fig. 15a - d show schematically the socket according to figure 12 in longitudinal, side, top, and perspective views. Fig. 16a - c show schematically a connection device according to a first embodiment in side, top, and perspective views. Fig. 17a - c show schematically a connection device according to a second embodiment in side, top, and perspective views. Fig. 18a - d show schematically a locking strip according to figure 12 in top, longitudinal, side, and perspective views.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
In figure 1 is shown a head box 3 with a flow distributor 9 for transferring an incoming stock flow to the head box 3 and for achieving an even distribution of said flow of stock all over the width of the head box 3 through a back part 10 which is arranged at the end of the head box 3. Further, the head box 3 has a stock outlet 11 at its front end in the form of a slice (not shown) with the substantially same width as the fibrous web that is being formed on a forming fabric or alternatively between two forming fabrics (not shown) by dewatering of the stock. A tube system 12 is connected to the flow distributor 9 and comprises one or several return pipes 13 for returning of a specific, smaller quantity of return stock to the process upstream for forming a continuous stock circulation in the tube system 12. The flow distributor 9 has in the shown embodiment three separate cross-distributing tubes 14, which each comprise a stock inlet 15 at one of its end parts and one return outlet 16 to its opposing end part and to which return outlet 16 said return pipe 13 is releasable connected. Each cross-distributing tube 14 narrows in its longitudinal direction, i.e., they all have a cross-section which decreases in the direction from the stock inlet 15 and further towards the outlet 16 to the return pipe 13. In the embodiment shown, the cross-distributing tubes 14 have a circular cross-section, but in other embodiments the cross-distributing tubes (not shown) may have any other suitable cross-section shape, for instance a square, rectangular or oval form. A plurality of flexible end coupling hoses 6 extend between the cross-distributing tubes 14 and the back 10 of the head box 3. The coupling hoses 6 are releasably mounted close to each other in one or several substantially parallel rows at said cross-distributing tubes 14 and back 10, respectively, by means of a coupling arrangement 19 that is arranged at each of the end parts 17, 18 of the coupling hoses 6. Said area reduction in the cross-distributing tubes 14 is intended to give an even and equally large stock flow in all of the coupling hoses 6, regardless of the mutual position of the coupling hoses 6 along the cross- distributing tubes 14. Thereby the even distribution of the stock flow mentioned above, across the entire width of the head box 3, is achieved at its back 10. The stock will then stream out of the head box 3, through said stock outlet 11, under a constant pressure in a stock jet, which may comprise one or several layers, and which stock jet has an unchanged and determined velocity and direction across each width of each jet. Furthermore, the flow distributor 9 comprises several inspection openings 20 for cleaning of the cross-distributing tubes 14, while the other pipes and hose components in the tube system 12 are arranged to be separable from each other for enabling of a equivalent cleaning of the same.
A coupling arrangement 19 according to a first embodiment of the invention is shown in figures 1 and 12-18, which coupling arrangement 19 comprises a plurality of connection devices 1, more specifically one connection device 1 for every connected end part 17, 18 of the hose at the coupling arrangement 19, one socket 21 of some length, see especially figures 12 and 15, which socket 21 is common for all the connection devices 1 and in which socket 21 through going openings 22 are made into the interior of the cross-distributing tubes 14 and the head box 3. The openings 22, which are adapted to the current cross-section of the connection device 1 in reference to its shape and size, for instance its diameter, have in the shown embodiment a circular shape, but any other reasonable geometric shape, for instance a rectangular or oval opening, lies of course within the inventive thought. In figure 15 is a socket 21 shown in further detail, from which it is clear that in the current embodiment the socket 21 has a substantially rectangular cross-section and only one row of circular openings 22. The openings 22 are arranged with the same mutual interval and in a straight line after each other in the longitudinal direction of the socket 21. All the openings 22 have the same diameter, which in the illustrated embodiment constitutes a substantial part of the width of the socket 21. In other embodiments of the socket 21, which for instance are shown in figure 1, the openings 22 are arranged in several longitudinal rows, which also may be so arranged that the openings 22 in every row are displaced sideways towards each other so that they constitute an alternating position in relation to each other in the longitudinal direction of the socket 21. Said openings 22 may also vary mutually with reference to shape and size and/or be arranged at varying distances from each other. Parallel along one of the longitudinal edges 23 of the socket 21 are a number of threaded holes 24 drilled, whose function will be described in more detail below.
The coupling arrangement 19 further comprises a locking device 25 for separately securing of every individual connection device 1 to the socket 21 or for simultaneously securing of a certain number of the connection devices 1 to the socket 21 after the connection devices 1 have been inserted into the openings 22 intended for this, see the figures 14 and 18. The locking device 25 comprises one or several longitudinal locking devices 26, which in the embodiment shown in figure 1 consist of a oblong locking strip 27 with a rectangular cross-section, see especially figure 18, and of a plurality of attachment devices 28 for releasably fastening each locking strip 27 to the socket 21. The length of one, some or all of the locking strips 27 integrated in the current locking device 25 may vary from being less than the diameter of one opening 22 up to corresponding to the length of the entire socket 21. However, the locking strip 27 preferably has a length that is somewhat longer than the distance between the centers of
at least two openings 22 in order to enable that several connection devices 1 can be kept in place or be released with the help of one and the same locking device 25. Suitably, the attachment devices 28 comprise screws that are screwed firmly to the locking strip 27 by means of a number of through going screw holes 29, which are drilled in the socket 21 opposite to the holes 24. The number and the position of the holes 24, 29 and the locking strips 27 are suitably adjusted to the current need with reference to the existing loads and the availability, the dimensions and the strength of the integrated details in the locking device 25. Thereof follows that several locking strips 27 and holes 24, 29 may be arranged at every opening 22 and thereby at several locations at the side of, or around said openings 22. In the embodiments shown in figure 12 and 15 a hole 29 is arranged at each end of each locking strip 27 and in addition one hole 29 between every opening 22, whereby substantially one hole 29 is arranged on each side of every opening 22. Along one of the long sides 30 of every locking strip 27 there are several smaller bevels 31 made, which bevel 31 is so arranged between every screw hole 29 that it is centered in relation to said openings 22 in the socket 21 after the assembly of the locking strip 27 to the socket 21. The bevel 31 is suitably adjusted to the size and shape of the current opening 22, why a circular opening 22 preferably corresponds to a curved bevel 31. However, it is understood that other bevels, which entirely or partly comprise straight edges or no bevel at all, falls within the inventive thought. As also will be understood, the attachment devices 28 may be constituted, entirely or partly, of other means not shown, such as clamps, fasteners or eyes, which are pressing or in any other way holding the locking strip 27 firmly against the socket 21 and thereby without necessarily extending through the locking strip 27 via through going holes 29.
Two different embodiments of connection devices 1 are shown in figure 12, which embodiments differ from each other with respect to that part 32 of the connection device 1 that is intended to cooperate with the coupling hose 6. The first embodiment, shown to the left in figure 12a, has a hose coupling part 32 that has a peripherical surface 33 for insertion into the muzzle of the coupling hose 6, which surface 33 is smooth and cylindrical, see especially figure 16. The second embodiment of the connection device 1 shown to the right in figure 12a has a hose coupling part 32, which comprises a series of mutually parallel, successively arranged peripheral surfaces 33 for insertion into the muzzle of the coupling hose 6, see especially figure 17, which surfaces 33 have an alternating shape of a cylinder 33a and a frustum of a cone 33b. The hose coupling part 32 may, after that it has been inserted into the muzzle of the coupling hose 6, be fastened to this by a hose clip.
The opposed part of the connection device 1, referred to herein as the container connection part 34 (also designated a first coupling part in the claims), displays several mutually parallel, peripheral grooves 35, 36 formed about a circumference of the container connection part 34 whereof which a first number of somewhat thinner grooves 35 are arranged in close proximity to the end part 37 of the container connection part 34 and which more narrow grooves 35 constitute a space for gasket rings 38, for instance circular rubber gaskets. At least one additional and comparatively somewhat wider groove 36 is arranged at the inside of the thinner grooves 35 and at a specific distance as seen from said end part 37, which wider groove 36 is intended to engage with the elongated locking strip 27 for securely locking the connection device 1 to the socket 21. The socket 21 is in turn mounted, suitably welded, across an elongated opening 39 along the current container 3 or conduit, for instance to the head box 3 and the cross distributing tube 14 shown in figure 1, respectively. Each connection device 1 comprises a further grip part 40 being arranged between said hose coupling part 32 and the container connection part 34 for the actual handling of the connection device 1 at assembling and dismantling of the same, for instance by means of a suitable tool or by means of manual power.
In figures 6 to 11 is shown a somewhat different embodiment of coupling arrangement 19, which comprises a substantially circular socket 21 for only one connection device 1, a locking device 25 comprising a locking strip 27 with a length preferably somewhat longer than the diameter of the connection device 1 for facilitating the assembly of preferably at least two attachment devices 28 in the form of two screws. At each end part of said locking strip 27 a hole 29 is arranged, through which holes 29 the screws 28 extend further down into the therefore threaded holes 24 in the socket 21 (see figure 10). However, the locking device 25 may, as in the above-described coupling arrangement 19 comprising several connection devices 1 to one common socket 21, also include attachment devices, which entirely or partly consist of other kinds of devices not shown, such as clamps, fasteners or eyes, which clamp or in other ways hold the locking strip 27 firmly against the socket 21 and then without necessarily extending through the locking strip 27 via through going holes 29 in this. Consequently, in all or some of these additional attachment devices, the locking strip 27 may be released by pulling it in its longitudinal direction out of the engagement groove 36. It is further understood that at only one attachment device 28 may the locking strip 27 also be turned out of its engagement with said groove 36 for releasing of the connecting device 1. If the container 3 or the conduit 14 consists of a weldable material, the socket 21 is suitably welded firmly at this. In other materials, the socket is fixed in a way that is suitable for
that material, for instance by soldering. The socket may also be omitted totally if an opening for receiving the connection device is formed directly in, for instance, the container or the conduit.
It is understood that the invention is not limited to only the above-described embodiments, but it can also be varied within the scope of the succeeding claims. Consequently, it is realized that the above described cross distributing tube, coupling hoses, connection devices and other integrated conduits and also openings for these, which are arranged at the head box, may have any suitable cross-section or diameter, for instance an oval or rectangular cross-section or opening, that the coupling arrangement comprising one or several connection devices also can be arranged at other machine parts than for instance the shown head box. It is therefore understood that the denomination container in conjunction with this invention must be given a larger interpretation comprising all kinds of vessels to which a connection of the kind described above, and this independently of the fluid/stock that is being referred to and also independently of whether the vessel/container is intended for keeping or forwarding the stock/fluid. The cross-section of the locking strip may in alternative, but not shown, embodiments comprise any other specific cross-section, for instance circular or oval cross-sections. The cross-section may also be varied along the extension of the locking strip, for instance in the proximity of each connection device, in order to create a thinner tongue at this location for insertion into the groove of the connection device. In the same manner, the track 36 may also be varied to match different "male elements", and also to only constitute a limited cavity (i.e. non-annular) in the container connection part 34.