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WO2001094754A1 - Casing assembly for the turbine of an exhaust turbocharger - Google Patents

Casing assembly for the turbine of an exhaust turbocharger Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2001094754A1
WO2001094754A1 PCT/US2001/018273 US0118273W WO0194754A1 WO 2001094754 A1 WO2001094754 A1 WO 2001094754A1 US 0118273 W US0118273 W US 0118273W WO 0194754 A1 WO0194754 A1 WO 0194754A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
casing
sheet metal
casing assembly
turbine
spiral
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2001/018273
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ruediger Allmang
Hartmut Claus
Volker Simon
Original Assignee
Borgwarner, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Borgwarner, Inc. filed Critical Borgwarner, Inc.
Priority to EP01941987A priority Critical patent/EP1287235B1/en
Priority to DE60112439T priority patent/DE60112439T2/en
Priority to JP2002502282A priority patent/JP2003536009A/en
Priority to US10/296,134 priority patent/US7074009B2/en
Publication of WO2001094754A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001094754A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/14—Casings modified therefor
    • F01D25/145—Thermally insulated casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/026—Scrolls for radial machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a casing assembly for the turbine of an exhaust turbocharger.
  • the invention especially concerns the spiral casing of the turbine.
  • Exhaust turbochargers are a must in modern vehicles .
  • the most important components include a turbine and a compressor. These two components are located on one and the same shaft.
  • the exhaust of the internal combustion engine is conducted to the turbine .
  • the exhaust powers the turbine .
  • the turbine in turn powers the compressor. This takes in air from the environment and compresses it.
  • the compressed air is then used for combustion in the engine .
  • the purpose of exhaust turbochargers is to minimize the exhaust emissions as well as to increase the efficiency of the engine and its torque. They also have an important function in regards to the efficiency of the catalytic converter.
  • an exhaust turbocharger It should fulfill the mentioned functions regarding the exhaust emission, the efficiency level and torque of the engine in the most optimal manner possible. In doing so, it should have minimal weight and minimal construction volume.
  • the design should be simple and easy to assemble, so that manufacturing costs are held to minimal levels . It should be compatible with catalytic converters .
  • the known exhaust turbochargers do not fill all these functions, or only to a certain point. That is, lowering pollutant emissions during the cold start phase leaves much to be desired, and weight and space demands are unreasonably high.
  • the task of the invention is to design a casing assembly of the type mentioned in such a manner so that improvements in the parameters mentioned are significant.
  • This task is accomplished by the characteristics of Claim 1.
  • the casing assembly in the casing assembly, at least the spiral casing, is made of a relatively thin sheet metal wall which conducts the exhaust flow away. This greatly reduces the weight of the casing assembly.
  • the sheet metal wall only has minimal heat accumulation capacity due to the minimal mass . This means that it accepts only little heat energy from the exhaust, and therefore only removes little heat from the exhaust during the cold start phase .
  • the sheet metal wall is surrounded by insulation. This means that the heat remains in the exhaust. Therefore, the exhaust flow reaches the catalytic converter in a very hot condition right from the first starting of the engine . This is an important prerequisite for its smooth operation, so that the emissions already are minimized during the start phase .
  • the insulation also keeps the outer shell of the affected components relatively cool. This is an important advantage, since the turbocharger can be thus be arranged along with other heat sensitive components, for example with heat sensitive cables. The re-radiation towards the body is also minimized so that the exterior paint remains unharmed. It is understood that the low wall thickness of the sheet metal wall also contributes to the decreased weight .
  • the sheet covering can be substantially thinner than the sheet metal wall. Yet it provides an excellent heat barrier, since passage from one medium to another - here air to the sheet covering - creates a heat transfer barrier.
  • the sheet covering also fulfills a further function: It increases the rigidity of the entire design. This can lead to further minimizing the sheet metal wall which is contacted by the gas flow.
  • Fig. 1 shows an exhaust turbocharger in axial section.
  • Fig. 2 shows a segment of Fig. 1 in the area of the turbine casing.
  • Fig. 3 is a view of the turbine casing, from above, onto the inlet supports .
  • Fig. 4 is a view from above on a half of the turbine casing, also viewed in axial direction.
  • Fig. 5 is a view of the other half of the turbine casing, also viewed in axial direction.
  • Fig. 6 shows an additional execution type of the invention.
  • the exhaust turbocharger shown in Fig. 1 includes a turbine 1 as the most important component, a compressor 2 as well as a bearing 3.
  • the turbine 1 has turbine wheel 1.1 and the compressor has a compressor wheel 2.1. Both wheels are set on a common shaft 4.
  • the shaft 4 is supported by bearing 3.
  • the essential feature of the illustrated view is the turbine casing 1.
  • it is manufactured from sheet steel. It is usually a spiral casing. It is built from two main parts, namely from an inner component 1.2 and an outer component 1.3. The separation joint 1.4 between these two parts runs along the apex line of the spiral casing 1. There, a welded seam is made .
  • the wall thickness of both casing parts amount to 1.0 mm.
  • the sheet metal is highly heat resistant (T3 > than 1000° C) .
  • the sheet metal wall is surrounded by an insulation which is located on the outer skin of the sheet metal, and due to its heat insulating properties, ensures that at this location, namely the outside of the insulation, only very much lowered temperatures exist, for example, temperatures which can still be touched by hand.
  • outlet connection 5 to conduct away the exhaust, after it has flowed through turbine 1 and therefore performed its task.
  • the outlet connection 5 is connected to the casing 1.2, .1.3 of the turbine 1. It has an extension 5.1. This is designed and arranged in such a manner that it covers the highly thermally stressed tongue area of the turbine casing 1.2, 1.3. See also Fig. 5. In doing so, the extension 5.1 in the tongue area is adapted to or conforms to both casing parts 1.2, 1.3. It can welded to these.
  • Figs. 3 to 5 show the sheet steel casing in different views.
  • the tongue area 1.5 can be seen. This area is especially highly thermally stressed.
  • Fig. 6 shows an especially important execution of the invention.
  • the sheet steel casing for this is again made of two parts 1.2, 1.3. Yet each of these two parts have double walls. The two walls are formed to create an air gap. The air gap allows especially good insulation.
  • the outlet connection 5 also has an extension 5.1 which covers the tongue area of the spiral casing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

A spiral casing for a turbine of a turbocharger is made from thin (0,2 to 2mm thick) sheet metal. The spiral casing can be made from two matching parts and can be insulated.

Description

CASING ASSEMBLY FOR THE TURBINE OF AN EXHAUST TURBOCHARGER
The invention concerns a casing assembly for the turbine of an exhaust turbocharger. The invention especially concerns the spiral casing of the turbine.
Exhaust turbochargers are a must in modern vehicles . The most important components include a turbine and a compressor. These two components are located on one and the same shaft. The exhaust of the internal combustion engine is conducted to the turbine . The exhaust powers the turbine . Then the turbine in turn powers the compressor. This takes in air from the environment and compresses it. The compressed air is then used for combustion in the engine . The purpose of exhaust turbochargers is to minimize the exhaust emissions as well as to increase the efficiency of the engine and its torque. They also have an important function in regards to the efficiency of the catalytic converter.
The following requirements are generally demanded of an exhaust turbocharger: It should fulfill the mentioned functions regarding the exhaust emission, the efficiency level and torque of the engine in the most optimal manner possible. In doing so, it should have minimal weight and minimal construction volume. The design should be simple and easy to assemble, so that manufacturing costs are held to minimal levels . It should be compatible with catalytic converters .
The known exhaust turbochargers do not fill all these functions, or only to a certain point. That is, lowering pollutant emissions during the cold start phase leaves much to be desired, and weight and space demands are unreasonably high.
The task of the invention is to design a casing assembly of the type mentioned in such a manner so that improvements in the parameters mentioned are significant. This task is accomplished by the characteristics of Claim 1. In order to do this, in the casing assembly, at least the spiral casing, is made of a relatively thin sheet metal wall which conducts the exhaust flow away. This greatly reduces the weight of the casing assembly. The sheet metal wall only has minimal heat accumulation capacity due to the minimal mass . This means that it accepts only little heat energy from the exhaust, and therefore only removes little heat from the exhaust during the cold start phase .
Based on the invention, the sheet metal wall is surrounded by insulation. This means that the heat remains in the exhaust. Therefore, the exhaust flow reaches the catalytic converter in a very hot condition right from the first starting of the engine . This is an important prerequisite for its smooth operation, so that the emissions already are minimized during the start phase .
The insulation also keeps the outer shell of the affected components relatively cool. This is an important advantage, since the turbocharger can be thus be arranged along with other heat sensitive components, for example with heat sensitive cables. The re-radiation towards the body is also minimized so that the exterior paint remains unharmed. It is understood that the low wall thickness of the sheet metal wall also contributes to the decreased weight .
It is especially convenient to manufacture the insulation from a sheet covering around the sheet metal wall. In doing so, an air gap should remain between the sheet metal wall and the sheet covering, creating an especially good insulation. The sheet covering can be substantially thinner than the sheet metal wall. Yet it provides an excellent heat barrier, since passage from one medium to another - here air to the sheet covering - creates a heat transfer barrier. The sheet covering also fulfills a further function: It increases the rigidity of the entire design. This can lead to further minimizing the sheet metal wall which is contacted by the gas flow.
The invention is further explained in the drawing. The following details are represented:
Fig. 1 shows an exhaust turbocharger in axial section.
Fig. 2 shows a segment of Fig. 1 in the area of the turbine casing.
Fig. 3 is a view of the turbine casing, from above, onto the inlet supports .
Fig. 4 is a view from above on a half of the turbine casing, also viewed in axial direction.
Fig. 5 is a view of the other half of the turbine casing, also viewed in axial direction.
Fig. 6 shows an additional execution type of the invention.
The exhaust turbocharger shown in Fig. 1 includes a turbine 1 as the most important component, a compressor 2 as well as a bearing 3. The turbine 1 has turbine wheel 1.1 and the compressor has a compressor wheel 2.1. Both wheels are set on a common shaft 4. The shaft 4 is supported by bearing 3.
The essential feature of the illustrated view is the turbine casing 1. In the present case, it is manufactured from sheet steel. It is usually a spiral casing. It is built from two main parts, namely from an inner component 1.2 and an outer component 1.3. The separation joint 1.4 between these two parts runs along the apex line of the spiral casing 1. There, a welded seam is made .
The wall thickness of both casing parts amount to 1.0 mm. The sheet metal is highly heat resistant (T3 > than 1000° C) .
The sheet metal wall is surrounded by an insulation which is located on the outer skin of the sheet metal, and due to its heat insulating properties, ensures that at this location, namely the outside of the insulation, only very much lowered temperatures exist, for example, temperatures which can still be touched by hand.
In addition, there is an outlet connection 5 to conduct away the exhaust, after it has flowed through turbine 1 and therefore performed its task. The outlet connection 5 is connected to the casing 1.2, .1.3 of the turbine 1. It has an extension 5.1. This is designed and arranged in such a manner that it covers the highly thermally stressed tongue area of the turbine casing 1.2, 1.3. See also Fig. 5. In doing so, the extension 5.1 in the tongue area is adapted to or conforms to both casing parts 1.2, 1.3. It can welded to these.
Figs. 3 to 5 show the sheet steel casing in different views. In Fig. 5, the tongue area 1.5 can be seen. This area is especially highly thermally stressed.
Fig. 6 shows an especially important execution of the invention. The sheet steel casing for this is again made of two parts 1.2, 1.3. Yet each of these two parts have double walls. The two walls are formed to create an air gap. The air gap allows especially good insulation. In this embodiment the outlet connection 5 also has an extension 5.1 which covers the tongue area of the spiral casing.

Claims

Patent Claims
1. Casing assembly for the turbine (1) of an exhaust turbocharger, comprising: a) a spiral casing (1.2, 1.3) adapted to surround the running wheel (1.1) of a turbine; b) a tongue-like wall part (1.5) in the inside of the spiral casing; c) an inlet connection; d) an outlet connection (5) ; e) a flange to connect the spiral casing to a bearing casing; f) wherein at least the spiral casing is formed from an exhaust flow conducting a sheet metal (1.2, 1.3); g) wherein the thickness of the sheet metal is between 0.2 and 2 mm; and h) wherein the sheet metal is surrounded by insulation.
2. Casing assembly as in claim 1, wherein the spiral casing is divided along a separation joint.
3. Casing assembly as in claim 2 , wherein the separation joint runs along the apex line of the spiral casing.
4. Casing assembly as in claims 1 to 3, wherein the insulation is made of a fluid, hardenable mass.
5. Casing assembly as in claim 4, wherein the insulation is applied by dipping in a bath of the mass, or by spraying the mass on the sheet metal .
6. Casing assembly as in one of the claims 1 to 3 , wherein the insulation is covered by a covering sheet .
7. Casing assembly as in claim 6, wherein the covering sheet is sheet metal having less thickness than the spiral casing sheet metal .
8. Casing assembly as in claims 6 or 7, an air gap is provided between the spiral casing sheet metal and the covering sheet .
9. Casing assembly as in one of the claims 1 to 8 , wherein the tongue is covered by a covering.
10. Casing assembly as in claim 9, wherein the covering is a sheet metal coating.
11. Casing assembly as in claim 10, wherein the covering is formed as an extension of the outlet connection.
PCT/US2001/018273 2000-06-07 2001-06-06 Casing assembly for the turbine of an exhaust turbocharger WO2001094754A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01941987A EP1287235B1 (en) 2000-06-07 2001-06-06 Casing assembly for the turbine of an exhaust turbocharger
DE60112439T DE60112439T2 (en) 2000-06-07 2001-06-06 BLECH HOUSING FOR THE TURBINE OF A TURBOLADER
JP2002502282A JP2003536009A (en) 2000-06-07 2001-06-06 Casing assembly for exhaust turbocharger turbine
US10/296,134 US7074009B2 (en) 2000-06-07 2001-06-06 Casing assembly for the turbine of an exhaust turbochanger

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10028160A DE10028160C2 (en) 2000-06-07 2000-06-07 Housing group for the turbine of an exhaust gas turbocharger
DE10028160.5 2000-06-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001094754A1 true WO2001094754A1 (en) 2001-12-13

Family

ID=7644973

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2001/018273 WO2001094754A1 (en) 2000-06-07 2001-06-06 Casing assembly for the turbine of an exhaust turbocharger

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1287235B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003536009A (en)
DE (2) DE10028160C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2001094754A1 (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2003056149A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-10 Honeywell International Inc. Turbine noise absorber
US7055574B2 (en) 2004-07-27 2006-06-06 Honeywell International Inc. Method of producing metal article having internal passage coated with a ceramic coating
US10436069B2 (en) 2017-01-30 2019-10-08 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Sheet metal turbine housing with biaxial volute configuration
US10472988B2 (en) 2017-01-30 2019-11-12 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Sheet metal turbine housing and related turbocharger systems
US10494955B2 (en) 2017-01-30 2019-12-03 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Sheet metal turbine housing with containment dampers
US10544703B2 (en) 2017-01-30 2020-01-28 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Sheet metal turbine housing with cast core
US10690144B2 (en) 2017-06-27 2020-06-23 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Compressor housings and fabrication methods
US11732729B2 (en) 2021-01-26 2023-08-22 Garrett Transportation I Inc Sheet metal turbine housing

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DE10218436C1 (en) * 2002-04-25 2003-08-14 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Exhaust gas turbine for IC engine turbocharger has double-walled housing enclosing turbine wheel provided by inner and outer mantles each having 2 half shells
DE10220573C1 (en) * 2002-05-08 2003-07-03 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh IC engine exhaust gas turbocharger has rupture protection enclosing dangerous section of turbocharger housing
SI21282A (en) * 2002-07-05 2004-02-29 Cimos D.D. Turbo compressor housing for motor vehicles and procedure for its manufacture
DE102004028125B3 (en) * 2004-06-09 2006-03-30 Borgwarner Inc., Auburn Hills Bearing for shaft of vehicle exhaust turbocharger has disk-shaped base, slide blocks being mounted in seatings near its center which swivel so that wedges of lubricant are formed between them and shaft
DE102004039477B4 (en) * 2004-08-14 2015-01-08 Ihi Charging Systems International Gmbh Turbine housing for an exhaust gas turbocharger
EP1860284A1 (en) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-28 ABB Turbo Systems AG Casings assembling
DE102007055225A1 (en) 2007-11-19 2009-05-20 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Charging device i.e. exhaust gas turbocharger, for motor vehicle, has shaft for supporting turbine wheel and compressor wheel, where shaft is supported in axial thrust bearing via torque proof flange plate that is connected with shaft
DE102008058156A1 (en) 2008-11-20 2010-06-02 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Housing for exhaust gas turbocharger of internal-combustion engine of motor vehicle, has insert arranged in lining and comprising flow-guiding internal contour, where lining and insert are arranged in turbine section
DE102009010515A1 (en) 2009-02-25 2010-08-26 Daimler Ag Turbine housing for exhaust turbo-supercharger of internal-combustion engine of e.g. car, has housing components made of sheet metal, where components are connected with each other in connecting region in force-fit and/or form-fit manner
JP5357738B2 (en) 2009-12-21 2013-12-04 三菱重工業株式会社 Turbine housing
DE102010005492A1 (en) * 2010-01-23 2011-07-28 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH & Co. KG, 70376 Spiral housing e.g. turbine housing, for supercharger of motor car, has tongue element made of wear- and resistant materials and firmly connected with housing, and channel structure connected with cooling system
JP5769407B2 (en) * 2010-02-01 2015-08-26 三菱重工業株式会社 Sheet metal turbine housing
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DE102010021114A1 (en) * 2010-05-20 2011-11-24 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh turbocharger
DE102010021973A1 (en) * 2010-05-28 2011-12-01 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Charger, particularly exhaust turbo charger for motor vehicle, has turbine housing or compressor housing formed by two disks which are spaced axially to each other
WO2012105004A1 (en) 2011-02-02 2012-08-09 三菱重工業株式会社 Sheet metal turbine housing
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DE102011006358A1 (en) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Exhaust gas turbocharger for internal combustion engine, particularly for motor vehicle, comprises bearing housing for mounting turbine wheel, and sprial housing, which has spiral chamber enclosing turbine wheel
US8985943B2 (en) * 2011-09-30 2015-03-24 Honeywell International Inc. Turbocharger variable-nozzle assembly with vane sealing arrangement
JP5910114B2 (en) * 2012-01-27 2016-04-27 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Turbine housing and exhaust turbine supercharger
DE102013226665A1 (en) 2013-12-19 2015-06-25 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Turbine housing for an exhaust gas turbocharger
DE102014209666A1 (en) 2013-12-19 2015-06-25 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Turbine housing for an exhaust gas turbocharger
JP6126246B2 (en) 2013-12-27 2017-05-10 三菱重工業株式会社 Turbine housing
JP2015214967A (en) * 2014-04-22 2015-12-03 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 Turbocharger
NL1040828B1 (en) * 2014-06-02 2016-05-12 Mitsubishi Turbocharger And Engine Europe B V A spiral turbine casing of a turbocharger.
US20160076555A1 (en) * 2014-09-12 2016-03-17 Caterpillar Inc. Remanufactured Center Housing and Method
DE102017103980A1 (en) * 2017-02-27 2018-08-30 Man Diesel & Turbo Se turbocharger
CN109057877B (en) * 2018-10-26 2023-11-28 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所 Turbine stator structure for helium turbine

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003056149A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-10 Honeywell International Inc. Turbine noise absorber
US7017706B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2006-03-28 Honeywell International, Inc. Turbine noise absorber
US7055574B2 (en) 2004-07-27 2006-06-06 Honeywell International Inc. Method of producing metal article having internal passage coated with a ceramic coating
US10436069B2 (en) 2017-01-30 2019-10-08 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Sheet metal turbine housing with biaxial volute configuration
US10472988B2 (en) 2017-01-30 2019-11-12 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Sheet metal turbine housing and related turbocharger systems
US10494955B2 (en) 2017-01-30 2019-12-03 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Sheet metal turbine housing with containment dampers
US10544703B2 (en) 2017-01-30 2020-01-28 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Sheet metal turbine housing with cast core
US11035254B2 (en) 2017-01-30 2021-06-15 Garrett Transportation I Inc Sheet metal turbine housing with cast core
US10690144B2 (en) 2017-06-27 2020-06-23 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Compressor housings and fabrication methods
US11732729B2 (en) 2021-01-26 2023-08-22 Garrett Transportation I Inc Sheet metal turbine housing

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JP2003536009A (en) 2003-12-02
DE10028160A1 (en) 2001-12-20
EP1287235B1 (en) 2005-08-03
DE10028160C2 (en) 2003-03-27
DE60112439T2 (en) 2006-03-30
EP1287235A1 (en) 2003-03-05
DE60112439D1 (en) 2005-09-08

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