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WO2000028892A1 - Ecran de poignet - Google Patents

Ecran de poignet Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000028892A1
WO2000028892A1 PCT/AU1999/000997 AU9900997W WO0028892A1 WO 2000028892 A1 WO2000028892 A1 WO 2000028892A1 AU 9900997 W AU9900997 W AU 9900997W WO 0028892 A1 WO0028892 A1 WO 0028892A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
monitor
electrodes
wrist
remote location
signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1999/000997
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bruce Richard Satchwell
Andrew Michael Walsh
Original Assignee
Micromedical Industries Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Micromedical Industries Limited filed Critical Micromedical Industries Limited
Priority to AU15019/00A priority Critical patent/AU1501900A/en
Publication of WO2000028892A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000028892A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/026Measuring blood flow
    • A61B5/0295Measuring blood flow using plethysmography, i.e. measuring the variations in the volume of a body part as modified by the circulation of blood therethrough, e.g. impedance plethysmography
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • A61B5/053Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
    • A61B5/0535Impedance plethysmography
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/024Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
    • A61B5/02438Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/0205Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6824Arm or wrist

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wrist mountable monitor and, more particularly, to such a monitor adapted to monitor and display vital signs which can be derived from bioimpedance measurements .
  • Certain types of wrist watch-type heart monitors are known such as, for example, disclosed in US5738104 which monitors heart rate on the basis of ECG measurements.
  • US5492127 discloses a monitor which uses microphones to detect heart rate.
  • US5228449 utilizes photoplethysmography.
  • Bryars US5, 795, 300 e.g. Bryars US5, 795, 300
  • Bryars US5, 795, 300
  • photoplethysmography or pressure sensing as a means to measure heart rate.
  • Bryars for example, has suggested the use of two piezoelectric crystals placed across the radial artery, one to directly measure the pressure, the other to measure the background pressure that can later be subtracted out. This technique requires precise placement of the sensors directly over the radial artery. Since this location can vary from one person to another, it can be prone to placement error.
  • ECG based rate detectors require the user to form a circuit by touching the watch with their opposite hand (or have additional thoracic ECG electrodes) .
  • Photoplethysmography usually requires additional finger cuffs.
  • Microphones are subject to noise.
  • a wrist mountable monitor having impedance electrodes adapted for contact with a users skin for the purpose of measuring bioimpedance; one or more of said electrodes in electrical communication with data processing means which monitors a signal derived from said electrodes and derives information therefrom.
  • said electrodes comprise first and second current delivery electrodes and first and second receiver electrodes.
  • said current electrodes are driven by a constant amplitude current source which is modulated by a square wave signal derived from said data processing means.
  • said impedance electrodes communicate with an amplifier and a synchronous demodulator thereby to produce said impedance signal for input to said data processing means.
  • said monitor includes including predetermined data which is compared with data derived from said impedance signal; said data processing means performing a comparison operation to determine when data derived from said impedance signal moves outside a range defined by said predetermined data.
  • said information comprises at least heart rate or respiration rate or body motion of said user.
  • a method of measuring at least respiration rate of a person including applying electrodes at or near the wrist of a person; said method further including driving selected ones of said electrodes with predetermined electric current; said method further comprising monitoring selected others of said electrodes thereby to determine respiration rate of said person by changes in bioimpedance at or near said wrist .
  • Electrodes are oriented parallel to the alignment of the radial or ulnar artery.
  • said electrodes are oriented transverse to the alignment of the radial or ulnar artery.
  • at least a portion of said information is communicated to a display forming part of said monitor whereby a user of said monitor can observe said information on set display during use .
  • said monitor incorporates alarm means which is activated when said data moves outside said range to find the said predetermined data.
  • said alarm means comprises an audible output .
  • said alarm means comprises a visual output.
  • said alarm means communicates with telemetry means thereby to transmit an alarm signal to a remote location.
  • said remote location is located at less than five metres from said monitor.
  • said remote location is located up to two hundred metres from said monitor.
  • said remote location is located at greater than two hundred metres from said monitor.
  • said telemetry means utilizes a low frequency carrier.
  • telemetry means utilizes a carrier in the MHz band or GHz band.
  • said telemetry means utilizes a cellular mobile telephone technology for communication with said remote location.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a wrist mountable monitor according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the monitor in place on a wrist of a user.
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a monitor circuit according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 4 is an end section view of the wrist of a wearer of the monitor of Fig. 3 showing a preferred electrode lay out
  • Fig. 5 is a view from underneath the wrist of a wearer showing the electrode arrangement of Fig. 4,
  • Fig. 6 is a plan view of the monitor display of the monitor of Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 7 illustrates an alternative preferred electrode arrangement usable with the device of Fig. 3
  • Fig. 8 shows further detail of the alternative preferred electrode arrangement of Fig. 7,
  • Fig. 9 is an end, section view of the wrist of a wearer where the electrode arrangement is as for Fig. 7
  • Fig. 10 is a block diagram of a remote monitoring system usable with the arrangement of either Fig. 1 or Fig. 3.
  • FIG. 1 A block diagram of a wrist mountable monitor 10 is illustrated in Fig. 1 and includes a microprocessor 11 which receives as primary input on primary signal input 12 an oscillating signal 13 derived from electrodes 14, 15, 16, 17 on wrist strap 18.
  • the entire circuit is designed with microminiature surface mount CMOS low power technology.
  • the microprocessor 11 at output 24 generates a high frequency square wave 23 that is used to generate a constant amplitude current, from current generator 19 which in turn delivers this current across the subject's wrist via electrodes 14, 17.
  • Two pickup electrodes 15, 16 are used to detect the impendance change in the wrist caused by a change in blood volume.
  • the impedance change is reflected as a voltage which is amplified by amplifier 20 then rectified by the synchronous demodulator 22 then amplified again by amplifier 21.
  • the resulting signal 13 is fed back to the microprocessor 11 where it is digitised by an A/D convertor to allow processing by microprocessor 11.
  • an optional modulator 25 places signal 13 on a carrier for transmission to a remote site via antenna 26.
  • the microprocessor also drives bidirectional RS 232 port 27 and an LCD display 28 to display information such as pulse rate and respiration rate derivable from signal 13 and time.
  • monitor 10 can display heart rate, step rate and respiration rate on LCD display 28.
  • Microprocessor 11 can be programmed to monitor preset or predetermined values of these measurements and to display or otherwise signal when the measured values fall outside these predetermined ranges .
  • spike 29 on waveform 13 which corresponds to or coincides with a runner's heel striking the ground can be monitored and information thereby derived from this event such as, for example, distance travelled information.
  • FIG. 3 a more detailed block diagram of the arrangement of Fig. 1 is disclosed as a second embodiment of the invention.
  • like components and signals are numbered as for the first embodiment, but prefixed by the numeral one (100s series) .
  • the monitor 110 relies on micro controller 111 for digital signal processing. It can be, for example, of type PIC17C756.
  • Micro controller 111 supplies high frequency square wave 123 oscillating at approximately 50 kHz via out put 124 and then through band pass filter 130 to electrode ray 131 comprising constant current supply electrodes 114, 117 supplied by constant current source 119.
  • the impendance variation is reflected as a change in voltage across sensing electrodes 115, 116.
  • the detected voltage signal 133 is buffered by amplifier and transformer combination 134 and so as to remove common mode noise prior to amplification and conversion to direct current by synchronize demodulator 122.
  • the output from the synchronize demodulator 122 is a direct current which is proportional to the impedance across wrist 132 at the driving frequency (in this instance 50kHz) .
  • the driving frequency in this instance 50kHz
  • a base impedance signal 135 from pulse with modulation output 136 is subtracted from the synchronize demodulator output 137 by amplifier arrangement 138 leaving difference input signal 113 supplied to the analogue digital conversion input 112 of micro controller 111.
  • the base level impedance signal 135 can be altered as the input signal drifts out of range, for example by corresponding control of digitally controlled resister 139 driven from digital output 140 of micro controller 111.
  • the output from the synchronous demodulator comprises DC and AC components .
  • the former corresponds to a constant impedance Z and the latter to a variable component dZ, which is due mainly to changing blood volume in the wrist.
  • Z is not relevant in this application, it must be removed. This would normally be achieved by AC (capacitive) coupling.
  • the respiration component is of such a low frequency, that this is not a very suitable method.
  • the microcontroller outputs an analogue voltage (via the attenuator) equivalent to the DC component Z, hence cancelling it out from the input signal.
  • the microcontroller can bring it back within range by altering he value of the PWM output in an appropriate manner.
  • the stage is effectively DC coupled, but can easily cope with variations in the value of the constant component Z.
  • processed information can be displayed on LCD display 128 and can be transmitted as a telemetry signal 141 via modulator/transmitter 125.
  • the telemetry applications will be described in more detail with reference to Fig. 10.
  • the electrodes 114, 115, 116, 117 are arranged on wrist strap 118 so that, in use, they lie along the direction of the radial artery and ulnar artery as seen in Fig. 4. With this orientation a typical electrode length is in the range 1 to 2 centimeters. Electrodes of this type and this orientation driven in the manner previously described provides a system which is less prone to placement error than 5 millimetre piezo electric crystals of LEDs .
  • monitor 10,110 measures signals at a drive frequency, in this instance, of 50kHz rather than near DC levels (as is the case with piezo electric sensing) it is far less prone to muscle/motion artifact which tends to occur at low frequency thereby more readily affecting photoplethysmograpic or pressure sensors than the sensor arrangement of the present application.
  • Electrodes 214, 215, 216, 217 are arranged to lie in parallel as previously but, in this instance, are oriented at 90 degrees to the orientation of the second embodiment illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • Figs. 7-9 The variation of Figs. 7-9 is to alter the electrode array structure from laterally across the wrist (as suggested by Farg et al) to longitudinally along the wrist (Figs. 7-9) .
  • the electrodes must be smaller for this. If the electrodes are specifically placed immediately above an artery (such as the radial artery) , the instrument will selectively measure blood volume change just in that artery, rather than the wrist as a whole.
  • the arterial blood flow is influenced almost entirely by the heart pump activity, and less so by muscle artifact or pulmonary function. Hence such a wrist monitor will be suitable for noise free measurement of heart rate in active individuals, (eg. during sport training).
  • a low power consumption micro controller is to be preferred thereby allowing long battery life (battery not shown in diagrams) .
  • the device is battery powered no body isolation transformer is required for patent safety.
  • the drive current for the electrodes is derived from a square wave rather than a sine wave oscillator.
  • the resulting wave form is therefore more stable and hence does away with the requirement for a reference level measurement .
  • a monitoring systems 310 comprising a wrist mounted monitor 110 communicating by its telemetry signal 141 with receiver 311.
  • Receiver 311 demodulates the telemetry signal 141 and communicates resulting information to personal computer 312 via its serial port 313.
  • a data logging program can thus keep track of pulse rate, respiration rate and distance travelled utilising signal information derived from the monitor 110.
  • the telemetry may be of
  • Cellular mobile phone technology eg. GSM
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • Embodiments of the present invention can be applied with advantage by users who for example wish to self-monitor physiological parameters such as respiration rate in a convenient manner .

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)

Abstract

Ecran (10) pouvant être fixé au poignet, comportant des électrodes d'impédance (14, 15, 16, 17) conçues pour le contact avec la peau de l'utilisateur et servant à en mesurer l'impédance bioélectrique. Une ou plusieurs électrodes (14, 15, 16, 17) sont électriquement reliées à des moyens de traitement de données (11) qui contrôlent un signal (13) provenant desdites électrodes et calculent à partir de là des informations physiologiques.
PCT/AU1999/000997 1998-11-13 1999-11-12 Ecran de poignet WO2000028892A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU15019/00A AU1501900A (en) 1998-11-13 1999-11-12 Wrist mountable monitor

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPP7119 1998-11-13
AUPP7119A AUPP711998A0 (en) 1998-11-13 1998-11-13 Wrist mountable monitor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000028892A1 true WO2000028892A1 (fr) 2000-05-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1999/000997 WO2000028892A1 (fr) 1998-11-13 1999-11-12 Ecran de poignet

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AUPP711998A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000028892A1 (fr)

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002022010A1 (fr) * 2000-09-12 2002-03-21 Nexan Limited Bande de capteurs jetable dotee d'une pellicule d'alignement amoviblepour le controle des signes vitaux
EP1256312A1 (fr) * 2001-05-07 2002-11-13 Trion AG Système de surveillance et localisation de patients
WO2005084537A1 (fr) * 2004-03-08 2005-09-15 Medicus Engineering Aps Methode et instrument pour mesurer des parametres physiologiques
GB2426824A (en) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-06 Sheffield Teaching Hospitals Body tissue impedance measuring probe with wireless transmitter
CN102499680A (zh) * 2011-10-17 2012-06-20 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 一种电阻抗成像的数据实时预处理方法
CN102499678A (zh) * 2011-09-23 2012-06-20 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 一种便携式电阻抗成像系统的电阻抗测量装置及测量方法
US8292820B2 (en) 2006-11-17 2012-10-23 Suunto Oy Apparatus and device for performance monitoring
EP2614771A2 (fr) 2012-01-13 2013-07-17 movisens GmbH Procédé et dispositif destinés à mesurer la bioimpédance
WO2014052987A1 (fr) * 2012-09-29 2014-04-03 Aliphcom Détermination de caractéristiques physiologiques à partir de signaux de capteurs contenant des artéfacts de mouvement
WO2014190522A1 (fr) * 2013-05-30 2014-12-04 Lee Hou-Chieh Système et procédé de mesure de l'impédance de la peau
EP2752158A4 (fr) * 2011-08-30 2015-04-08 Univ Extremadura Unité, système modulaire et procédé de mesure, de traitement et de télésurveillance de la bioimpédance électrique
CN104706343A (zh) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-17 三星电子株式会社 用于心率检测的生物阻抗传感器阵列
US20150359491A1 (en) * 2012-09-29 2015-12-17 Aliphcom Physiological characteristic determination based on signal correlation
US9905108B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2018-02-27 Torvec, Inc. Systems, methods, and apparatus for monitoring alertness of an individual utilizing a wearable device and providing notification
US20180147343A1 (en) * 2016-11-29 2018-05-31 Geoffrey Louis Tyson Implantable devices for drug delivery in response to detected biometric parameters associated with an opioid drug overdose and associated systems and methods
US10398350B2 (en) 2016-02-08 2019-09-03 Vardas Solutions LLC Methods and systems for providing a breathing rate calibrated to a resonance breathing frequency
US10517531B2 (en) 2016-02-08 2019-12-31 Vardas Solutions LLC Stress management using biofeedback
US10582886B2 (en) 2008-07-03 2020-03-10 Masimo Corporation Multi-stream data collection system for noninvasive measurement of blood constituents
US10638961B2 (en) 2015-07-02 2020-05-05 Masimo Corporation Physiological measurement devices, systems, and methods
US10674939B1 (en) 2019-02-13 2020-06-09 Vardas Solutions LLC Measuring user respiration at extremities
US20200352455A1 (en) * 2016-01-05 2020-11-12 Baxter International Inc. Handheld physiological sensor
US11638532B2 (en) 2008-07-03 2023-05-02 Masimo Corporation User-worn device for noninvasively measuring a physiological parameter of a user
EP4179968A1 (fr) * 2021-11-10 2023-05-17 Nxp B.V. Mesure de bio-impédance à l'aide d'une conversion de tension en courant
US11885011B2 (en) 2012-06-21 2024-01-30 Brigham Young University Infiltrating carbon nanotubes with carbon to prevent delamination from a substrate
US12114974B2 (en) 2020-01-13 2024-10-15 Masimo Corporation Wearable device with physiological parameters monitoring

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Cited By (63)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002022010A1 (fr) * 2000-09-12 2002-03-21 Nexan Limited Bande de capteurs jetable dotee d'une pellicule d'alignement amoviblepour le controle des signes vitaux
EP1256312A1 (fr) * 2001-05-07 2002-11-13 Trion AG Système de surveillance et localisation de patients
WO2005084537A1 (fr) * 2004-03-08 2005-09-15 Medicus Engineering Aps Methode et instrument pour mesurer des parametres physiologiques
GB2426824A (en) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-06 Sheffield Teaching Hospitals Body tissue impedance measuring probe with wireless transmitter
US8292820B2 (en) 2006-11-17 2012-10-23 Suunto Oy Apparatus and device for performance monitoring
US11642037B2 (en) 2008-07-03 2023-05-09 Masimo Corporation User-worn device for noninvasively measuring a physiological parameter of a user
US10582886B2 (en) 2008-07-03 2020-03-10 Masimo Corporation Multi-stream data collection system for noninvasive measurement of blood constituents
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US10945648B2 (en) 2008-07-03 2021-03-16 Masimo Corporation User-worn device for noninvasively measuring a physiological parameter of a user
EP2752158A4 (fr) * 2011-08-30 2015-04-08 Univ Extremadura Unité, système modulaire et procédé de mesure, de traitement et de télésurveillance de la bioimpédance électrique
CN102499678A (zh) * 2011-09-23 2012-06-20 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 一种便携式电阻抗成像系统的电阻抗测量装置及测量方法
CN102499680A (zh) * 2011-10-17 2012-06-20 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 一种电阻抗成像的数据实时预处理方法
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