WO1999046964A1 - Procede de traitement de surface d'un materiau ou d'un objet et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procede - Google Patents
Procede de traitement de surface d'un materiau ou d'un objet et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procede Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999046964A1 WO1999046964A1 PCT/CH1999/000113 CH9900113W WO9946964A1 WO 1999046964 A1 WO1999046964 A1 WO 1999046964A1 CH 9900113 W CH9900113 W CH 9900113W WO 9946964 A1 WO9946964 A1 WO 9946964A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- plasma
- treated
- bead
- cord
- discharge
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/48—Generating plasma using an arc
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of surface treatment of a material or an object using a plasma generated by an electric discharge and a device for implementing the method.
- a plasma generator is described in international patent application WO 97/18693. This generator makes it possible to obtain a plasma jet having the form of a curtain.
- the parameters of this plasma such as for example the temperature or the composition, are uniform along the curtain, in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the plasma flow.
- curtain plasma jet technology
- different types of surface treatment can be carried out, by subjecting the surface to be treated to a substantially orthogonal projection of the plasma flow onto the surface to be treated, so as to perform in particular, cleaning, pickling or sterilizing the surface or even coating it with a film.
- curtain plasma jet technology is not suitable for carrying out the scanning treatment of large surfaces or non-planar surfaces.
- the object of the present invention is to carry out, with good energy efficiency, a surface treatment of a material or an object of any size and / or shape using a plasma having a small optical thickness. , thus emitting very little ultraviolet rays and retaining a very high activity in the surface treatment area.
- the invention relates to a method of surface treatment of a material or an object using a plasma generated by an electric discharge during which said discharge is stabilized by confining said plasma in the form at least one bead and in that the treatment of the surface is carried out by bringing the surface and the plasma bead into contact along the bead.
- This method has in particular the advantage of retaining a very high activity in the surface treatment zone because the reactive plasma particles are generated in the immediate vicinity of the surface to be treated.
- the invention also relates to a device for implementing the method comprising at least two electrodes arranged to emit an electric discharge and means for stabilizing said electric discharge by confining the plasma in the form of at least one cord, the device being arranged to perform the surface treatment by contact along the plasma cord.
- the means for stabilizing the electric discharge and confining the plasma in the form of at least one cord comprise at least one channel formed in part by the surface to be treated, said channel being able to be formed for another part by an essentially dielectric wall in the form of a gutter.
- this type of device is only used to generate plasma jets and none of the applications of this jet technology proposes or suggests to treat part or all of the internal surface of these diaphragms, or to involve , in one way or another, the surface to be treated to stabilize the electric discharge.
- the material or the object whose surface is to be treated can be secured to a mobile support.
- the surface of this support can then also participate in the stabilization of said plasma in the form of a bead.
- the channel, stabilizing the discharge and inside which the plasma cord is confined may consist on the one hand of a wall in the form of a gutter and on the other hand of the surface to be treated coming to cover this gutter. Thanks to the essentially dielectric properties of the walls of this channel, the current of the electric discharge is forced to cross it. The discharge is thus stabilized there.
- the plasma generated by the electrical discharge is contained in the channel and takes the form of a cord. However, it does not fully follow the contour of the section of the canal.
- the cross-section of the gutter-shaped wall can be of any shape, curved or angular, and can vary along the channel. Preferably, this section is circular in shape over the entire length of the channel.
- the ratio between the dimension of the section of the gutter-shaped channel and its length is less than 0.5. More preferably, the dimension of the section of the channel is constant along this channel.
- the surface to be treated can be subjected to a relative sweeping movement, in a direction different from that of the axis of the plasma bead, so that the entire surface to be treated is brought into contact with the plasma.
- the surface to be treated can be of any shape. It can be a flat surface, such as that of a solid sheet, film or plate, or a surface of the "corrugated sheet” type or even a complex surface of a three-dimensional object such as the surface a bottle or a body part.
- the plasma bead is arranged so as to adapt to the shape of the surface to be treated.
- the channel, containing the plasma cord can be made of flexible material, which makes it possible to vary its geometry when scanning a surface to be treated of complex shape.
- the possible presence of a magnetic field passing right through the plasma cord allows in particular, according to the relative orientation of its Ampere force with respect to the direction of the plasma cord, which is created by the electric discharge of direct current, to confine the plasma cord either against the wall of the gutter, which has the effect of increasing the stabilization of the electric discharge, or against the surface to be treated, which has the effect of increasing the efficiency of treatment.
- the device according to the invention comprises at least one so-called lateral electrode, wrapped in a dielectric body and disposed along the surface to be treated, so as to stabilize said electrical discharge.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the device for implementing the method of the invention
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the device of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the device for implementing the method of the invention.
- - Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the device for implementing the method of the invention.
- - Figures 5a and 5b show the radial variations from the central axis of the cord respectively the temperature and the electrical conductivity of a plasma cord;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of the device for implementing the method of the invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing a fifth embodiment of the device for implementing the method of the invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view showing a sixth embodiment of the device for implementing the method of the invention.
- FIGS. 9a and 9b schematically represent, respectively in perspective and in cross section, a seventh embodiment of the device for implementing the method of the invention.
- Figures 9c to 9e are cross sections of three variants of the device of Figure 9a;
- FIGS. 10a and 10b are two views, one in vertical section, the other in cross section, schematically showing an eighth embodiment of the device for implementing the method of the invention.
- FIGS. 10c to 10e are cross sections of three variants of the device of FIG. 10a.
- Figure 10f illustrates a variant of the device of Figure 10a.
- an anode 11a and a cathode 11b are connected to a source of direct current 12 and emit an electric discharge within a cavity 42 in the form of a gutter of circular section , the two electrodes, constituted for example by metal poles, for example in tungsten or copper, being positioned in the extension of the axis of the cavity 42.
- the electrodes can be connected to an alternating current source or by pulses.
- the cavity 42 of partially circular cylindrical shape, was formed within a body comprising a set 41 of diaphragms.
- This body consists of a series of heat conducting elements 43, for example in the form of metal strips, insulated from each other by electrically insulating seals 44. These insulating seals are intended to give the assembly 41 diaphragms of essentially dielectric properties.
- Each of these elements and these joints are arranged essentially perpendicular to the direction of the electric discharge.
- cooling means 45 l 41 set of diaphragms consist for example of an internal circulation of a cooling fluid.
- the material 51 whose surface is to be treated is supported by a moving part 52.
- This moving part also consists of a series of heat conducting elements, isolated from each other by electrically insulating joints. It can also be equipped with cooling means 45 so as to eliminate any excess heat.
- the speed of the scanning movement is chosen in particular so that the local heating by the plasma is compensated by the displacement, thanks to the establishment of a non-exchange. stationary heat between the plasma and the treated surface.
- the local temperature of the treated surface in this way is determined by the parameters of the plasma (current density, amplitude of the electric field and others) and the speed of movement of the surface relative to the plasma.
- the scanning of the surface to be treated 51 is obtained by moving the surface 51 relative to the block 41, in the direction indicated by the arrows.
- this scanning can also be obtained by moving the block 41, the surface 51 remaining fixed.
- the section shown in Figure 2 passes right through an element 43 presented above as well as the material 51 whose surface is to be treated and which is supported by a metallic element of the moving part 52. It reveals the shape partially circular section of the internal cavity 34.
- the material 51 is separated from the element 43 by a gap 37.
- This gap 37 opens a conduit 31a.
- This conduit constitutes one of the possible means of introducing gaseous particles making it possible to generate and then maintain the plasma.
- Another introduction means, represented by the conduit 31b, is inserted in the element 43.
- These means for introducing gaseous particles are arranged so as to direct the gas flow in a predetermined direction.
- this direction lies in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the plasma bead so as not to introduce hydrodynamic components capable of disturbing the properties of the plasma along its bead and of causing a flow of the plasma in the direction of its axis.
- the introduction of the gaseous particles can be done along the surface to be treated, for example via the conduit 31a, either upstream with respect to the scanning movement of the surface to be treated, or downstream.
- the duct 31a can be oriented so that the flow of these particles is directed in the direction opposite to the scanning movement of the surface to be treated.
- This introduction can also take place in the direction crossing the axis of the plasma cord, for example via the conduit 31b. Any other direction is possible.
- These different means for introducing gaseous particles can be used separately or in combination.
- Porous parts 36 are placed through the introduction conduits so as to regulate the flow of activatable gaseous particles and to avoid any hydrodynamic disturbance.
- the method of the invention can also be implemented without these porous parts by replacing the conduits 31a and / or 31b with longitudinal slots sufficiently thin to constitute a significant hydrodynamic resistance for the flow of gaseous particles so as to ensure uniform distribution.
- Expansion chambers 35 may optionally be interposed within the conduits so as to regulate the gas pressure.
- the means for evacuating partially activated gaseous particles are arranged similarly to the introduction means.
- an evacuation conduit 32 is formed which runs along the surface to be treated.
- the distance between the inlet of the discharge conduit 32 and the plasma bead must be minimized.
- the device can be arranged so as to allow the direction of circulation of the gaseous particles to be introduced and evacuated to be alternated, by alternating the functions of introduction and evacuation of the conduits 31a and 32.
- the device In order to avoid any damage liable to be caused by overexposure of the surface to be treated, either to activated gaseous particles, or to particles or products to be evacuated, it is possible, in particular, to arrange the device in one of the following two ways .
- the activatable gaseous particles are introduced upstream with respect to the scanning movement of the surface to be treated and directed towards the plasma bead and the products to be removed are downstream.
- care will be taken that, on the one hand, there is no interaction between said particles and the surface to be treated before the latter passes over the plasma bead and, on the other hand apart, that the products to be evacuated do not interact with the treated surface downstream of the bead, for example by redepositing thereon during a pickling treatment.
- the activatable gaseous particles are introduced downstream of the plasma bead relative to the scanning movement of the surface to be treated and directed towards the bead, in the direction opposite to that of the movement of the surface to be treated with a flow enough for them to reach the plasma cord.
- the products to be evacuated are then upstream of the cord.
- the means for introducing and removing gaseous particles can be arranged so that the gas flow penetrates the plasma bead at any angle.
- the perpendicular direction is preferable since it makes it possible to distribute the introduction and evacuation gases uniformly over the entire length of the bead, thus ensuring uniform treatment over the entire length of the bead.
- the discharge means are located in this same plane.
- the second embodiment of the device shown in Figure 3 differs from the previous embodiment essentially in that each of the two electrodes is replaced by a plasma jet generator 13.
- the two plasma jets 11a and 11b are of opposite polarities, one, the jet 11a, playing the role of anode while the other, the jet 11 b, plays the role of cathode. These two jets emit an electric shock.
- Each of the two generators 13 is arranged in such a way that the direction of their plasma jet is preferably perpendicular to the direction of the electric discharge 21. However, any other direction different from that of the electric discharge is conceivable for these jets .
- the device can also include a magnetic field generator, for example in the form of two solenoids 46, 46 ′, - 10 -
- the rest of the device is arranged in a similar manner to that of the previous embodiment. Its mode of operation is similar.
- the third embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 4 differs from the first and second embodiments essentially in that the plasma bead is confined inside a channel 42 'produced inside the block 41 and that a lumen 37, formed within the block 41, opens the channel 42 'towards the surface 51 to be treated. It is possible, by inserting diaphragm parts 61 between the block 41 and the surface to be treated, to adjust the thickness of the light 37 as desired.
- the advantage of the presence of light 37 with adjustable thickness lies in the fact that it makes it possible, according to the types of treatments sought, to bring into contact with the surface to be treated a plasma of temperature very close to that of the plasmas obtained within previous modes of execution but in which practically all electrical conductivity of the plasma has been eliminated. It is also possible to put the surface to be treated in contact with a plasma having a certain conductivity, this by precisely adjusting the thickness of the light.
- the light 37 is in a plane tangent to the channel, thus making it possible to almost completely remove the surface to be treated from the very low residual emission of ultraviolet rays which would remain within the plasma. . - 1 1 -
- a new slot 38 can be made which can also be used for the introduction of the filler gases and / or evacuation of the reaction products between the activated particles in the plasma and the surface. to be treated, thus completing all the possibilities of introduction and extraction already described above.
- an electrical discharge 21 with pulsating alternating current is generated within the cavity 42 between the two electrodes 11.
- the electrode 11a is connected to the current source 12 while the electrode 11b is connected to earth.
- the latter electrode is fitted with an insulating screen 17 allowing better current distribution.
- such equipment is not essential.
- the current source 12 delivering a current by pulses can also emit a stationary current.
- the cavity 42 also in the form of a gutter, was formed within a body or block 41 of dielectric material, for example made of quartz.
- the rest of the device is arranged in a similar manner to that of the previous embodiments. Its mode of operation is similar.
- the four embodiments of the device of the invention presented above make it possible to emit and stabilize an electric arc within a closed channel of partially circular cylindrical shape.
- the channel is of "curvilinear" shape.
- the material 51 the surface of which is to be treated, has a complex shape of the "corrugated sheet” type.
- the shape of the gutter in which the plasma cord is confined must correspond to the shape of the surface - 12 -
- the gutter defined by the cavity 42 formed within a block 41 follows an essentially curvilinear direction "parallel" to that of the surface 51.
- the rest of the device is arranged in a similar manner to that of the previous embodiments. Its mode of operation is similar.
- the block 41 can be made of a material having a certain flexibility, for example made of a polymer composition, so that the edges of the gutter can, at any time during the sweeping movement, follow the relief of the surface to be treated.
- the sixth embodiment of the device shown in Figure 8 allows for the simultaneous treatment of two sides of the same material, for example in the form of sheet or plate.
- This device comprises two bodies or blocks 41. Each of these two blocks configures a cavity 42a, 42b, having the same shape of gutter, for example semi-cylindrical. Placed in opposite position, these two gutters define an internal cavity of cylindrical shape.
- the two blocks 41 are however separated from each other by a space 43 whose thickness corresponds substantially to that of the material whose surfaces are to be treated.
- a capacitive discharge 21 with alternating current is emitted between a central electrode 11a and a lateral electrode 11b.
- the side electrode has the form of a grounded metal rod and is placed along the surface to be treated. The electric discharge is thus stabilized by the entire length of the side electrode.
- the current density vector is directed essentially perpendicular to the side electrode and the plasma is concentrated where the current density is highest.
- the metal rod is located in a dielectric body 41 in which is formed a gutter-shaped notch.
- the part to be treated 51 in this planar case, is provided with a translational movement. In its movement, it closes the gutter, forming a channel where the plasma is confined.
- the section of the device represented in FIG. 9b illustrates the relative configuration of the lateral electrode and the surface to be treated and shows the position of the plasma cord as well as the current lines.
- the plasma cord is confined in the channel formed by the gutter of the side electrode body and the treated surface.
- FIGS. 9c to 9d three variants of this embodiment of the device are shown in Figures 9c to 9d.
- the plasma cord is located where the current density and the electric field are at their maximum.
- no gutter is necessary to confine the plasma in the form of a cord.
- the surface to be treated is flush with the plasma bead.
- the lateral electrode has an edge directed towards the surface to be treated.
- the concentration of the current and the magnitude of the electric field are such that they stabilize the discharge and give rise to two plasma beads, one confined by the body of the lateral electrode and one of the faces of the surface to be treated (face in front of the electrode), the other confined against the other face of the surface to be treated (face opposite to the electrode).
- the two faces of the material to be treated can be treated simultaneously by the two plasma beads.
- the flow of activatable particles can be introduced into the plasma bead in a similar manner to those described during the presentation of the previous embodiments.
- this variant is that a capacitive electric current crosses the surface to be treated.
- this current intensifies the treatment by bringing the zone of creation of the activated and excited particles closer to the surface to be treated and supporting the energy of the particles which diffuse towards the surface to be treated.
- the eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 10a is particularly suitable for the surface treatment of three-dimensional objects having an axis of symmetry such as for example a bottle.
- the side electrode and its insulating envelope substantially matches the shape of the object whose surface is to be treated, in this case a bottle.
- the side electrode is placed outside the bottle.
- the thickness of the insulating envelope separating the bottle whose surface is to be treated from the side electrode may vary depending on the distance which separates each of the points of the side electrode from the central electrode, this thickness being greater in the close vicinity of the central electrode.
- the density of capacitive electric current remains constant along the surface to be treated.
- the lateral electrode 11b can be extended under the bottom of the bottle so as to allow the treatment of the entire bottle.
- the body of the lateral electrode can have a longitudinal notch in the form of a gutter 42 which serves to confine the plasma bead between the lateral electrode and the surface of the bottle.
- the bottle has a rotational movement the speed of which allows the entire surface of the bottle to be scanned during discharge.
- each pulsed discharge having the effect of treating a part of the surface in the form of a strip of determined width, depending, in particular on the speed of rotation of the bottle.
- the entire surface of the bottle can be treated.
- Such a procedure is particularly advantageous in the case where the material of the bottle cannot withstand being subjected to high temperatures for a long time. So the material of the bottle - 15 -
- the heating control of the bottle can be further increased if the device is adjusted so as to successively treat non-adjacent strips. According to a variant, it is also possible to rotate the bottle step by step and treat a given strip of the bottle by an impulse discharge at each stop of the bottle.
- FIGS. 10c to 10e Three variant embodiments are illustrated in FIGS. 10c to 10e and generally take up the configurations of the embodiments presented with regard to FIGS. 9c to 9e.
- the plasma is found confined in the form of one or two cords.
- the plasma generation method according to the invention is particularly suitable for types of treatment such as, for example, surface cleaning, surface pickling, film deposition on the surface, sterilization etc.
- the use of the process according to the invention is also suitable for the simultaneous treatment of the two faces of an element in the form of a thin sheet, such as for example polymeric sheets or films, sheets of paper, in particular of paper constituting Bank notes. It can also be textile threads and fabrics or bottles. - 16 -
- the method according to the invention can also be used for carrying out surface treatments of materials of complex three-dimensional shape, such as for example certain body parts of vehicles.
- the method and the devices according to the invention make it possible to treat large surfaces of materials with a very small plasma volume. This small volume of plasma requires very low power consumption.
- Non-limiting examples of implementation of the method according to the invention and their application are given below for the surface treatment of dielectric materials.
- a generator of a DC plasma cord was built according to the embodiment shown in Figure 3, and tested for the etching of the photoresist of silicon wafers up to 30 cm (in particular 20 cm) of diameter at all stages of creating integrated diagrams.
- the electric current can vary from 100 to 200 A.
- the difference in potentials between the electrodes can vary from 200 to 300 V.
- the electrodes are jets of argon plasma, coming from plasmatrons whose axis of symmetry is perpendicular to the axis of the bead so that the gases coming from the electrodes do not have access to the plasma bead and therefore do not contaminate it not.
- the plasma cord is formed by a series of copper diaphragms, covered with a thin layer of silicon oxide, separated from each other by insulating hard rubber seals.
- the diaphragms are cooled with water. They are provided, at their periphery, with a notch of cylindrical shape, practiced in such a way that once placed one after the other and separated from each other by the insulating joints, they form a partially open channel, recalling a gutter, the axis of which intersects, at its two ends, the axes of the two plasma jets coming from the electrodes.
- the length of the gutter is, in particular, 200 mm and its diameter, in particular, 4 mm.
- a flat support made of copper plates covered with a film of Si ⁇ 2 and separated from each other by insulating joints.
- the support is constructed so that the - 17 -
- silicon wafer to be treated can be fixed to it by means of a vacuum device making it adhere to the support, a housing intended to receive the wafer having been provided so that the silicon wafer - support assembly form a flat surface.
- the space between the gutter and the flat support is important to ensure good stabilization of the plasma cord. In this example, it is 0.2 mm.
- a filler gas containing argon, possibly helium, water vapors, oxygen, CF 4 , is introduced upstream of the bead by a longitudinal slot parallel to the axis of the bead plasma, so that the filler gas is trapped in the space (0.2 mm) between the surface of the silicon wafer and the bead.
- This gas decomposes and activates in the plasma, and scours the polymeric material of the photoresist.
- Other gases or mixtures of filler gases can be imagined.
- the flow rate of the feed gas can be varied. In the example given, it reached 20 l / min.
- the etching speed of the photoresist varied between 1 and 100 ⁇ m / s, depending on the properties of the photoresist.
- the etching of the photoresist layer was observed to be uniform over the entire surface of the silicon wafer. A passage of wafer on the plasma bead at a speed of 0.2 m / s was sufficient to perform a complete stripping of the photoresist with a thickness of 0.4 ⁇ m.
- the duration of the treatment of a 20 cm diameter cake is 1 s.
- a magnetic field generator in the form of a solenoid, powered by a direct current and arranged near the generator as shown in Figure 3 was used to create a magnetic field H perpendicular to the vector J of the current density in the plasma cord. This resulted in the formation of a magnetic field of an absolute magnitude of about 10 Gauss in the region of the plasma bead.
- processing parameters such as for example the pickling speed of the photoresist.
- the treatment was carried out at atmospheric pressure. It did not require any enclosure around the device described.
- the same device was used to carry out the pickling of the silicon dioxide using a filler gas containing CF4.
- a pickling speed of 10 ⁇ m / s was reached, uniformly over the entire surface of the 200 mm diameter silicon wafer.
- the same device was used to deposit a dielectric film, for example SiO x , using argon as filler gas containing hexamethyldisilasane vapors and oxygen, x varying from 1.8 to 2, 1 according to the ratio of oxygen and silicon concentrations in the plasma formed.
- a growth speed of the SiO x film of 5 ⁇ m / s was recorded, uniformly over the entire surface of the silicon wafer. The degree of non-uniformity obtained does not exceed 1%.
- the electric current which generates the plasma cord is parallel to the axis of the plasma cord and therefore to the surface to be treated.
- a generator of a plasma cord with high frequency current was built according to the model represented in figure 9a, according to the mode of execution represented in figures 9, and tested for the treatment (smoothing, pickling, deposit of films , surface restructuring, sterilization, deodorization etc.) of polymer sheets, fiduciary paper, plastic parts, fabrics and bundles of wires in synthetic and natural materials. - 19 -
- the generator operates in pulses at a frequency of 4 MHz. It includes a central, cooled, copper electrode in the form of a rod.
- the second electrode, lateral earthed, also made of copper, is surrounded by a thick (5-10 mm) layer of dielectric materials, in particular of the polyfluoride carbon type, in particular materials marketed under the brands Teflon, POM.
- the section of this envelope has the shape of a gutter whose axis is parallel to the axis of the central electrode.
- the discharge is formed between the central electrode and the lateral electrode. It is concentrated in the gutter and forms a bead of plasma along it.
- the distribution of the plasma parameters along the gutter can be adjusted by varying the thickness of the dielectric material covering the second electrode.
- a plasma bead, uniform over its entire length, was obtained by using central and lateral electrodes displaced relative to each other and by varying the thickness of the dielectric material which covers the lateral electrode, from 5 to 10 mm, the upper thickness corresponding to the area of the lateral electrode closest to the central electrode.
- the parameters of the discharge are:
- the gas used for the discharge is air or a mixture of air and argon.
- the device is supplied with pulses, the duration of each pulse varying from 0.001 s to 0.5 s, and the repetition frequency of the pulses is from 100 Hz to 1 Hz, respectively.
- the surface to be treated passes tangentially to the plasma bead created in the gutter, in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the bead, so that all the points of this surface are subjected to the action of the bead at the time of their exposure to this one.
- a support gas containing chemical components is introduced along the surface to be treated, downstream of the plasma bead, through a longitudinal slot so that this gas has come into contact with the treated surface and the plasma bead. This gas, then, is activated by the plasma and the surface treatment is - 20 -
- This device can be used to treat flat or cylindrical surfaces.
- the axis of symmetry of the cylinder is parallel to the axis of the plasma bead.
- the layer of silicon oxide obtained has a thickness of 0.1 to 0.15 ⁇ m over the entire treated surface.
- a generator of a high frequency current plasma cord was built according to the model shown in Figure 10a, according to the embodiment shown in Figure 10e, and experimented with the deposition of films on the internal surface of bottles. in plastic.
- This means has been used to create a layer of silicon oxide on PET bottles in order to obtain an impermeable barrier against oxygen, carbon monoxide, water vapor and acetaldehyde.
- the second electrode has been designed to so as to match the shape of the surface of the bottle, taking into account the thickness of the dielectric material which covers the second electrode.
- a rotary movement was transmitted to the bottle with a speed of rotation such that the entire surface of the bottle passes at least once over the plasma bead.
- an electrical pulse discharge in such a way that each discharge lines a surface strip with a determined width and in such a way that these strips cover the entire surface to be treated.
- This speed in particular for PET bottles of 11, was 50 to 150 revolutions per minute for plasma pulse durations ranging from 0.0001 to 0.002 s, exposure times between pulses ranging from 0.01 to 0.05 s.
- a high frequency plasma cord generator for continuous treatment for continuous treatment (smoothing, pickling, cleaning, depositing films) of polymer sheets, fiduciary paper, strips of fabrics, textile threads.
- This plasma cord generation device differs from that of Example 2 in that the second electrode is cooled and is wrapped therein in a - 22 -
- dielectric body in particular in cooled quartz, which allows it to dissipate the heat given off by the passage of high frequency current through the dielectric material.
- the electric current has reached 10 A and the voltage between the electrodes 10 kV.
- the dielectric surface to be treated which encloses the cord and stabilizes it, may not be cooled since its speed is such that, during its exposure and its treatment by the plasma cord, it does not heat up strongly, the heat released by the electric current being absorbed by the material of determined thermal capacity.
- a speed in the region of 1 m / s has been found to be sufficient to continuously clean a cotton fabric or a bundle of threads, so as to eliminate the polymeric materials incorporated during its weaving.
- a speed of 10 m / s has been found sufficient for bleaching and cleaning in a continuous regime of a textile yarn of polymeric material.
- This tissue and this bundle of wires pass tangentially to the plasma cord, in particular with a diameter of 4 mm, in a direction perpendicular to its axis.
- the bundle of wires can pass through the plasma bead.
- the uniformity of treatment of the wire surface is increased.
- a speed of 3 m / s in continuous regime was sufficient to deposit a silicon oxide film (0.1 ⁇ m) on a cotton-based fiduciary paper to give it impermeability and make it uncoatable ( security).
- the current which generates the plasma bead is directed essentially perpendicular to the surface to be treated.
- the treatment therefore consists of a plasmochemical reaction on contact with the plasma cord with the surface to be treated, but also by an essentially electronic bombardment of this surface.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU26077/99A AU2607799A (en) | 1998-03-10 | 1999-03-10 | Method for treating the surface of a material or an object and implementing device |
EP99906016A EP1072175A1 (fr) | 1998-03-10 | 1999-03-10 | Procede de traitement de surface d'un materiau ou d'un objet et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procede |
US09/646,001 US6423924B1 (en) | 1998-03-10 | 1999-03-10 | Method for treating the surface of a material or an object and implementing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH57198 | 1998-03-10 | ||
CH571/98 | 1998-03-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999046964A1 true WO1999046964A1 (fr) | 1999-09-16 |
Family
ID=4190096
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH1999/000113 WO1999046964A1 (fr) | 1998-03-10 | 1999-03-10 | Procede de traitement de surface d'un materiau ou d'un objet et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procede |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6423924B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1072175A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2607799A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1999046964A1 (fr) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002076511A2 (fr) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-03 | Apit Corp. Sa | Procédé de traitement de surface par plasma et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé |
WO2002091809A2 (fr) * | 2001-05-03 | 2002-11-14 | Apit Corp. S.A. | Procede et dispositif de generation d'un rideau de gaz active pour traitement de surface |
EP1323338A1 (fr) * | 2000-09-12 | 2003-07-02 | Sigma Technologies International, Inc. | Electrode pour traitement au plasma atmospherique a decharge luminescente |
WO2003092039A1 (fr) * | 2002-04-24 | 2003-11-06 | Apit Corp. S.A. | Dispositif pour le traitement de surface de recipients par plasma |
WO2007007355A1 (fr) * | 2005-07-12 | 2007-01-18 | I-Cap Exploitation Ireland Ltd | Dispositif de découpe au plasma à double alimentation |
US7288293B2 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2007-10-30 | Apit Corp. S.A. | Process for plasma surface treatment and device for realizing the process |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040216843A1 (en) * | 2003-05-01 | 2004-11-04 | Kuang-Chung Peng | Plasm etching device |
JP5787306B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-03 | 2015-09-30 | 住友化学株式会社 | コロナ処理方法 |
US20230298858A1 (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2023-09-21 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Plasma device for gas-based surface treatment and water activation |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3786306A (en) * | 1971-03-03 | 1974-01-15 | Soudure Electr Procedes Arcos | Plasma curtain of two or more plasmas |
DD124650A1 (fr) * | 1976-02-27 | 1977-03-09 | ||
FR2458897A1 (fr) * | 1979-06-11 | 1981-01-02 | Drusch & Cie | Nouvel arc de transfert a cathode perfectionnee : source dans l'ultra-violet |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3312377B2 (ja) * | 1993-12-09 | 2002-08-05 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | ろう材による接合方法及び装置 |
US5908565A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1999-06-01 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Line plasma vapor phase deposition apparatus and method |
DE19643865C2 (de) * | 1996-10-30 | 1999-04-08 | Schott Glas | Plasmaunterstütztes chemisches Abscheidungsverfahren (CVD) mit entfernter Anregung eines Anregungsgases (Remote-Plasma-CVD-Verfahren) zur Beschichtung oder zur Behandlung großflächiger Substrate und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung desselben |
-
1999
- 1999-03-10 EP EP99906016A patent/EP1072175A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-03-10 US US09/646,001 patent/US6423924B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-03-10 AU AU26077/99A patent/AU2607799A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-03-10 WO PCT/CH1999/000113 patent/WO1999046964A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3786306A (en) * | 1971-03-03 | 1974-01-15 | Soudure Electr Procedes Arcos | Plasma curtain of two or more plasmas |
DD124650A1 (fr) * | 1976-02-27 | 1977-03-09 | ||
FR2458897A1 (fr) * | 1979-06-11 | 1981-01-02 | Drusch & Cie | Nouvel arc de transfert a cathode perfectionnee : source dans l'ultra-violet |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
A. TSLAF: "Temperature of an electric arc in a narrow insulating channel", PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEE, vol. 126, no. 2, February 1979 (1979-02-01), pages 209 - 213, XP002104430 * |
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 7723, Derwent World Patents Index; Class L01, AN 77-39987Y, XP002104431 * |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1323338A1 (fr) * | 2000-09-12 | 2003-07-02 | Sigma Technologies International, Inc. | Electrode pour traitement au plasma atmospherique a decharge luminescente |
EP1323338A4 (fr) * | 2000-09-12 | 2008-08-20 | Sigma Technologies Internation | Electrode pour traitement au plasma atmospherique a decharge luminescente |
WO2002076511A2 (fr) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-03 | Apit Corp. Sa | Procédé de traitement de surface par plasma et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé |
WO2002076511A3 (fr) * | 2001-03-27 | 2003-04-17 | Apit Corp Sa | Procédé de traitement de surface par plasma et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé |
US7288293B2 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2007-10-30 | Apit Corp. S.A. | Process for plasma surface treatment and device for realizing the process |
CN100437883C (zh) * | 2001-03-27 | 2008-11-26 | Apit股份有限公司 | 等离子体表面处理的方法以及实现该方法的设备 |
WO2002091809A2 (fr) * | 2001-05-03 | 2002-11-14 | Apit Corp. S.A. | Procede et dispositif de generation d'un rideau de gaz active pour traitement de surface |
WO2002091809A3 (fr) * | 2001-05-03 | 2004-12-23 | Apit Corp S A | Procede et dispositif de generation d'un rideau de gaz active pour traitement de surface |
US7214413B2 (en) | 2001-05-03 | 2007-05-08 | Apit Corp. S.A. | Method and device for generating an activated gas curtain for surface treatment |
WO2003092039A1 (fr) * | 2002-04-24 | 2003-11-06 | Apit Corp. S.A. | Dispositif pour le traitement de surface de recipients par plasma |
WO2007007355A1 (fr) * | 2005-07-12 | 2007-01-18 | I-Cap Exploitation Ireland Ltd | Dispositif de découpe au plasma à double alimentation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2607799A (en) | 1999-09-27 |
US6423924B1 (en) | 2002-07-23 |
EP1072175A1 (fr) | 2001-01-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
FR2484463A1 (fr) | Procede et appareil de revetement par pulverisation ionique sans gaz | |
WO2003084294A1 (fr) | Procede de traitement de surface par plasma atmospherique et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre | |
EP1161267B1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de sterilisation par plasma | |
FR2545984A1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication a sec d'un dispositif semi-conducteur par reaction photochimique et appareil pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede | |
WO1999046964A1 (fr) | Procede de traitement de surface d'un materiau ou d'un objet et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procede | |
FR2782837A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de traitement de surface par plasma a pression atmospherique | |
EP1332650B1 (fr) | Procede de traitement par plasma atmospherique de materiaux conducteurs d'electricite et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre | |
FR2639474A1 (fr) | Appareil de deposition chimique en phase vapeur par plasma a micro-ondes | |
FR2922358A1 (fr) | Procede de traitement de surface d'au moins un piece au moyen de sources elementaires de plasma par resonance cyclotronique electronique | |
EP1506699A2 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de generation d'un rideau de gaz active pour traitement de surface | |
FR2836158A1 (fr) | Procede de nettoyage par plasma de la surface d'un materiau enduit d'une substance organique, et installation de mise en oeuvre | |
EP0914241B1 (fr) | Procede de traitement de surface par voie seche et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre d'un tel procede | |
EP3225083B1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif de génération d'une pluralité de jets de plasma froid à pression atmospherique | |
EP1567200B1 (fr) | Procede de sterilisation par plasma d'objets de nature dielectrique et comportant une partie creuse | |
EP2208218B1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement par plasma de substrats au défilé | |
FR2509755A1 (fr) | Appareil et procede de pulverisation cathodique a grande vitesse | |
WO2002076511A2 (fr) | Procédé de traitement de surface par plasma et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé | |
EP1115141A1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif de traitement de surface d'un corps filiforme | |
EP0241362B1 (fr) | Dispositif et notamment duoplasmatron utilisable pour ioniser un gaz et procédé d'utilisation de ce dispositif | |
EP1684915A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de traitement en continu de la surface d'un objet allonge | |
EP3278350A1 (fr) | Installation pour le traitement d'objets par plasma, utilisation de cette installation et procédé de mise en oeuvre de cette installation | |
FR2683113A1 (fr) | Dispositif de traitement de surface par decharge couronne. | |
FR3079773A1 (fr) | Dispositif de chauffage pour appareil de fabrication additive | |
EP3532652B1 (fr) | Installation de traitement de surface d'un substrat en mouvement sous atmosphere controlee, et son procede de dimensionnement | |
WO2020144442A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif pour le traitement des poudres pour fabrication additive |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1999906016 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 09646001 Country of ref document: US |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1999906016 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: CA |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1999906016 Country of ref document: EP |