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WO1997012854A1 - Process for the preparation of chloromethyl carbonyl chlorides - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of chloromethyl carbonyl chlorides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997012854A1
WO1997012854A1 PCT/EP1996/004137 EP9604137W WO9712854A1 WO 1997012854 A1 WO1997012854 A1 WO 1997012854A1 EP 9604137 W EP9604137 W EP 9604137W WO 9712854 A1 WO9712854 A1 WO 9712854A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
process according
catalyst
formula
phosphine
oxide
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1996/004137
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernhard Urwyler
Hans-Dieter Schneider
Jean-Marie Assercq
Original Assignee
Novartis Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novartis Ag filed Critical Novartis Ag
Priority to AU72123/96A priority Critical patent/AU7212396A/en
Publication of WO1997012854A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997012854A1/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C51/00Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
    • C07C51/58Preparation of carboxylic acid halides
    • C07C51/60Preparation of carboxylic acid halides by conversion of carboxylic acids or their anhydrides or esters, lactones, salts into halides with the same carboxylic acid part

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of o-chloromethylbenzoyl chlorides of the general formula I
  • R and n have the meanings stated for formula I, with a chlorinating agent in the presence of catalytic amounts of a phosphine and/or phosphine oxide.
  • EP-583589 discloses the preparation of aromatic o-chloromethyl carbonyl chlorides using phosgene in the presence of an organic nitrogen compound as catalyst.
  • EP- 13264 proposes the preparation of chlorocarbonyl chlorides from aliphatic lactones with phosgene in the presence of phosphine oxide.
  • EP-583589 also discloses that aromatic o-chloromethyl carbonyl chlorides can be prepared from benzocondensated lactones with phosgene with the concomittant introduction of up to 100 mol % of hydrogen chloride, based on the lactone, or of such compounds which form hydrogen chloride with phosgene, in the presence of an organic nitrogen compound as catalyst.
  • EP-413264 also discloses that aliphatic chlorocarbonyl chlorides can be prepared by reacting the corresponding aliphatic lactones with phosgene in the presence of a phosphine oxide as catalyst with the additional use of hydrogen chloride.
  • Another advantage is that the catalyst can be reused after being isolated from the reaction mixture.
  • the process of this invention can be described as follows:
  • the phthalide or lactone of formula II and the arylphosphine catalyst or alkylphosphine catalyst can be placed in a reaction vessel with an inert solvent, but preferably without solvent, and can be reacted with a chlorinating agent in the temperature range from 100 to 240°C, preferably from 100 to 200°C, particularly preferably from 140 to 200°C, and at a pressure of 0.1 to 50 bar, preferably of 1 to 5 bar, particularly preferably at normal pressure.
  • the process can be carried out batchwise or continuously.
  • the chlorinating agent is chloro, thionyi chioride, suifuryl chloride, phthaloyl chloride, PCI 5 , PCI 3 , phosphorus oxychloride or phosgene. Phosgene is particulariy preferred.
  • Suitable catalysts are arylphosphines or alkylphosphines or corresponding phosphine oxides or mixtures thereof. It is possible, for example, to use trialkylphosphines or trialkyl- phosphine oxides, whose unbranched or branched alkyl radicals contain 1 to 12, preferably 4 to 8, carbon atoms. Suitable compounds of this kind are typically trihexylphosphine, tributylphosphine oxide, trioctylphosphine and but-2-yldioctylphosphine oxide. However, it is preferred to use arylphosphines or arylphosphine oxides.
  • Triphenylphosphine or triphenyl ⁇ phosphine oxide is particularly preferred. These examples are non-limiting. As can be proved, phosphine dichloride, which must be regarded as the actual reactant of lactone ring opening, is continuously formed in situ during the reaction and is then reconverted into phosphine or phosphine oxide and enters the reaction cycle again.
  • the catalyst is preferably used in an amount of 0.1 to 10 mol %, preferably of 0.5 to 5 mol %, based on the amount of the phthalide or lactone of formula II.
  • the molar ratio of phosgene to the phthalide or lactone of formula II is from 0.8 : 1 to 10 : 1 , preferably from 1 :1 to 3 : 1, particularly preferably from 1 : 1 to 1.5 : 1. Slightly higher or lower or identical molar ratios correspondingly apply to the other above-mentioned chlorinating agents.
  • Inert solvents are suitably those solvents which do not react with the starting compounds and the reaction products under the reaction conditions.
  • Typical examples are high-boiling hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene and cumene, aromatic chlorine compounds, typically chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene as well as ethers, typically dioxane, and also nitriles such as benzonitrile and acetonitrile.
  • a solvent or diluent is usually not required.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

A process for the preparation of o-chloromethylbenzoyl chlorides of formula (I), wherein R is identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl and halogen, and n = 0 to 4, preferably 0, which process comprises carrying out the reaction of an aromatic lactone of formula (II), wherein R and n have the meanings stated for formula (I), with a chlorinating agent with or without solvent in the temperature range from 100 to 240 °C in the presence of 0.1 to 10 mol % of a phosphine and/or phosphine oxide, based on the amount of lactone.

Description

Process for the preparation of chloromethyl carbonyl chlorides
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of o-chloromethylbenzoyl chlorides of the general formula I
Figure imgf000003_0001
wherein R is identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Cι-C6alkyl and halogen, and n = 0 to 4, preferably 0, by reacting a lactone of formula II
Figure imgf000003_0002
wherein R and n have the meanings stated for formula I, with a chlorinating agent in the presence of catalytic amounts of a phosphine and/or phosphine oxide.
Compounds of formula I are important intermediates for the preparation of pesticides.
The preparation of aromatic o-chloromethyl carbonyl chlorides using phosgene in the presence of an organic nitrogen compound as catalyst is disclosed in EP-583589. EP- 13264 proposes the preparation of chlorocarbonyl chlorides from aliphatic lactones with phosgene in the presence of phosphine oxide.
EP-583589 also discloses that aromatic o-chloromethyl carbonyl chlorides can be prepared from benzocondensated lactones with phosgene with the concomittant introduction of up to 100 mol % of hydrogen chloride, based on the lactone, or of such compounds which form hydrogen chloride with phosgene, in the presence of an organic nitrogen compound as catalyst.
EP-413264 also discloses that aliphatic chlorocarbonyl chlorides can be prepared by reacting the corresponding aliphatic lactones with phosgene in the presence of a phosphine oxide as catalyst with the additional use of hydrogen chloride.
The disadvantages of this proposed process for a technical synthesis are the additional consumption of hydrogen chloride and the resulting undesirable stripping effects, corrosion damages and exhaust air pollution, as well as the low boiling points of the catalysts which, in particular at elevated reaction temperatures (>150°C), are highly volatile and can deposit on the condensers.
Accordingly, it is the object of this invention to avoid these disadvantages and to develop an environmentally safe method of obtaining aromatic o-chloromethylphenylalkanoyl chlorides and, in particular, o-chloromethylbenzoyl chlorides in high yields. An improved and cost-favourable process for the preparation of o-chloromethylbenzoyl chlorides has now been found which comprises carrying out the reaction of an aromatic lactone of formula II and, preferably, of phthalide (n = 0), with or without solvents, with a chlorinating agent in the temperature range from 80 to 240°C in the presence of a phosphine catalyst and/or phosphine oxide catalyst.
Another advantage is that the catalyst can be reused after being isolated from the reaction mixture.
Figure imgf000004_0001
catalyst
The process of this invention can be described as follows: The phthalide or lactone of formula II and the arylphosphine catalyst or alkylphosphine catalyst can be placed in a reaction vessel with an inert solvent, but preferably without solvent, and can be reacted with a chlorinating agent in the temperature range from 100 to 240°C, preferably from 100 to 200°C, particularly preferably from 140 to 200°C, and at a pressure of 0.1 to 50 bar, preferably of 1 to 5 bar, particularly preferably at normal pressure. The process can be carried out batchwise or continuously.
The o-chloromethylbenzoyl chlorides are obtained in high yield and high purity.
The chlorinating agent is chloro, thionyi chioride, suifuryl chloride, phthaloyl chloride, PCI5, PCI3, phosphorus oxychloride or phosgene. Phosgene is particulariy preferred.
Suitable catalysts are arylphosphines or alkylphosphines or corresponding phosphine oxides or mixtures thereof. It is possible, for example, to use trialkylphosphines or trialkyl- phosphine oxides, whose unbranched or branched alkyl radicals contain 1 to 12, preferably 4 to 8, carbon atoms. Suitable compounds of this kind are typically trihexylphosphine, tributylphosphine oxide, trioctylphosphine and but-2-yldioctylphosphine oxide. However, it is preferred to use arylphosphines or arylphosphine oxides. Triphenylphosphine or triphenyl¬ phosphine oxide is particularly preferred. These examples are non-limiting. As can be proved, phosphine dichloride, which must be regarded as the actual reactant of lactone ring opening, is continuously formed in situ during the reaction and is then reconverted into phosphine or phosphine oxide and enters the reaction cycle again. The catalyst is preferably used in an amount of 0.1 to 10 mol %, preferably of 0.5 to 5 mol %, based on the amount of the phthalide or lactone of formula II.
The molar ratio of phosgene to the phthalide or lactone of formula II is from 0.8 : 1 to 10 : 1 , preferably from 1 :1 to 3 : 1, particularly preferably from 1 : 1 to 1.5 : 1. Slightly higher or lower or identical molar ratios correspondingly apply to the other above-mentioned chlorinating agents.
Inert solvents are suitably those solvents which do not react with the starting compounds and the reaction products under the reaction conditions. Typical examples are high-boiling hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene and cumene, aromatic chlorine compounds, typically chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene as well as ethers, typically dioxane, and also nitriles such as benzonitrile and acetonitrile.
Where phthalide (m.p. 73°C) or another low-melting lactone of formula II is used, a solvent or diluent is usually not required.
Working Examples
Example 1
268.2 g of phthalide (2 mol) are placed in a sulfonation flask together with 5 mol % or 26.23 g of triphenylphosphine oxide and the mixture is then fused at c. 70°C and heated, with stirring, to 170°C. Subsequently, 2.4 mol (232.8 g) of phosgene are introduced under normal pressure over 4 to 5 hours. The reaction mixture is degassed with nitrogen and cooled, giving, in a rotation evaporator at 0.1 mbar and 120 to 140°C, the desired o-chloro¬ methylbenzoyl chloride in a yield of more than 94% of crude product and having a purity of at least 98%. A mixture of phosphine and phosphine oxide remains in the residue which can be reused.

Claims

What is claimed is
1. A process for the preparation of o-chloromethylbenzoyl chloride of formula
Figure imgf000007_0001
wherein R is identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, d-C6alkyl and halogen, and n = 0 to 4, preferably 0, which comprises reacting an aromatic lactone of formula II
Figure imgf000007_0002
wherein R and n have the meanings stated for formula I, with a chlorinating agent with or without a solvent in the temperature range from 100 to 240°C in the presence of 0.1 to 10 mol % of a phosphine and/or phosphine oxide, based on the amount of lactone.
2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the aromatic lactone is phthalide.
3. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is arylphosphine or alkylphosphine and/or the corresponding phosphine oxides.
4. A process according to claim 3, wherein the catalyst is trialkylphosphine and/or triaryl- phosphine.
5. A process according to claim 4, wherein the catalyst is triarylphosphine.
6. A process according to claim 5, wherein the catalyst is triphenylphosphine.
7. A process according to claim 3, wherein the catalyst is trialkylphosphine oxide and/or triarylphosphine oxide.
8. A process according to claim 7, wherein the catalyst is triarylphosphine oxide.
9. A process according to claim 8, wherein the catalyst is triphenylphosphine oxide.
10. A process according to claim 1 , which comprises carrying out the reaction without solvent or diluent.
11. A process according to claim 1 , which comprises carrying out the reaction in the temperature range from 100-200°C.
12. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the chlorinating agent is chloro, phthaloyl chloride, thionyl chloride, sulfuryl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus penta- chloride, phosphorus trichloride or phosgene.
13. A process according to claim 12, which comprises carrying out the reaction with phosgene.
14. A process according to claim 1 , which comprises reusing the added catalyst which remains in the reaction mixture.
PCT/EP1996/004137 1995-10-03 1996-09-21 Process for the preparation of chloromethyl carbonyl chlorides WO1997012854A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AU72123/96A AU7212396A (en) 1995-10-03 1996-09-21 Process for the preparation of chloromethyl carbonyl chlorides

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CH278795 1995-10-03
CH2787/95 1995-10-03

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001042183A3 (en) * 1999-12-06 2002-05-02 Basf Ag Method for producing o-chloromethyl benzenecarbonyl chlorides
WO2001042185A3 (en) * 1999-12-07 2002-05-02 Basf Ag Method for producing o-chloromethyl benzoic acid chlorides

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0413264A1 (en) * 1989-08-17 1991-02-20 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Process for the preparation of chlorocarboxylic acid chlorides

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0413264A1 (en) * 1989-08-17 1991-02-20 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Process for the preparation of chlorocarboxylic acid chlorides

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001042183A3 (en) * 1999-12-06 2002-05-02 Basf Ag Method for producing o-chloromethyl benzenecarbonyl chlorides
JP2003516374A (en) * 1999-12-06 2003-05-13 ビーエーエスエフ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト Method for producing o-chloromethylbenzoyl chloride
US6734322B1 (en) 1999-12-06 2004-05-11 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing o-chloromethyl benzenecarbonyl chlorides
WO2001042185A3 (en) * 1999-12-07 2002-05-02 Basf Ag Method for producing o-chloromethyl benzoic acid chlorides
JP2003516375A (en) * 1999-12-07 2003-05-13 ビーエーエスエフ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト Method for producing o-chloromethylbenzoyl chloride
US7034181B1 (en) 1999-12-07 2006-04-25 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing o-chloromethyl benzoic acid chlorides

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AU7212396A (en) 1997-04-28
ZA968272B (en) 1997-04-03
TW337519B (en) 1998-08-01

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