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WO1996037163A1 - Process and device for the computer-assisted restoration of teeth - Google Patents

Process and device for the computer-assisted restoration of teeth Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996037163A1
WO1996037163A1 PCT/DE1996/000840 DE9600840W WO9637163A1 WO 1996037163 A1 WO1996037163 A1 WO 1996037163A1 DE 9600840 W DE9600840 W DE 9600840W WO 9637163 A1 WO9637163 A1 WO 9637163A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measuring device
restoration
computer
cad
central computer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1996/000840
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Manfred Franetzki
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1996037163A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996037163A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
    • A61C13/0004—Computer-assisted sizing or machining of dental prostheses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C5/00—Filling or capping teeth
    • A61C5/70—Tooth crowns; Making thereof
    • A61C5/77—Methods or devices for making crowns
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C9/00—Impression cups, i.e. impression trays; Impression methods
    • A61C9/004—Means or methods for taking digitized impressions
    • A61C9/0046—Data acquisition means or methods

Definitions

  • the geometry of the tooth to be restored and its surroundings are recorded and stored electronically.
  • the restoration inlay, onlay, crown, veneer, etc.
  • This task requires a corresponding computer and professional CAD (Computer Aided Design) work from the operator of the computer, with three-dimensional imagination and the ability to be able to construct on the screen with computer means.
  • CAD Computer Aided Design
  • the quality of the restaurant largely depends on these skills and the training status of the staff.
  • the result of this design is translated into a program for a numerically controlled grinding / milling machine.
  • the restoration is finally made from a block of material in an NC machine (CAM).
  • the restoration is placed in the patient's jaw.
  • the invention specified in claim 1 is based on the object of finding a technical solution which allows such a method and a device operating according to it to be used in dental without any special skills and training for dental personnel in computer-aided design (CAD) Use practice and thereby reduce the investment costs for the dentist.
  • CAD computer-aided design
  • the powerful computer can be equipped with more complex programs and aids, for example with optimized graphic image processing, better pattern recognition and image manipulation with tooth and restoration libraries, which permit largely automatic image interpretation and CAD activity of the computer.
  • the computer can be designed according to the principle of neural networks. This computer is through a data network module and data lines connected to the device in the dental practice.
  • a restaurant creation can therefore proceed as follows:
  • the dentist takes 3D images of the tooth to be prepared, possibly also of the neighboring and opposite teeth or of the opposite tooth impressions. Color recordings can possibly also be made with a video camera. Then the tooth is prepared in the usual way. Then 3D and possibly video images are created of the prepared tooth.
  • the images are first saved in an existing 3D measuring device at the dentist. These activities are simple and can be learned quickly by the practice staff.
  • the 3D measuring device essentially consists of a measuring camera with the associated camera electronics, a power supply unit and a screen.
  • the images are then transmitted via a data line - in the simplest case a modem connected to a telephone line can be used for this - to a data center located externally to the treatment room.
  • the central computer then delivers the restoration data back to the dentist's office via the same data line, in a form which ensures that the grinding machine located there can grind out the restoration.
  • the dentist then only needs to use the restoration on the patient. All of this happens - as before - in quick succession in one session of the patient.
  • the grinding machine need not necessarily be in the dentist's treatment room; it can also be located elsewhere, for example in a dental laboratory or in a service center that offers both the computing power and the mechanical manufacture of the restorations. In this case, however, treatment in one session will generally not be possible due to the necessary transportation of the restoration.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment in which a compact device 1 (CAD / CAM device) is set up in a room A, which is intended to represent the treatment room of a dentist in which the workplace for patient treatment is normally located.
  • a compact device is described, for example, in DE-4 030 176. It contains a 3D camera 2 with the necessary supply and imaging electronics; an integrated, here only symbolically indicated microprocessor 3 for image processing, construction and grinding machine control; a screen 4, various operating elements 5 (trackball, buttons, input foot switch), a floppy disk drive 6 for storing the original 3D images and the restorations and a grinding machine 8 arranged in a grinding chamber 7.
  • the machine can also be used in an expansion stage contain a video camera with appropriate electrical supply.
  • the video images can be saved and printed using an external printer.
  • the 3D video images can only be displayed alternatively, not simultaneously on the screen.
  • the CAD / CAM functions of the compact device 1 are not used; it is rather the original 3D images, possibly also the ones
  • this central computer is equipped with more complex programs and aids and is located outside the treatment room A, for example in a dental laboratory or in a central computer center (room B) specially created for this purpose.
  • the image interpretation and construction already mentioned is carried out there.
  • the result is retransmitted via the same data line 12 and the two data network modules 11, 10 and in
  • Memory of the microprocessor 3 of the grinding machine is stored in room A. Then the restoration is milled or ground using the machine's own resources (universal computer and grinding machine).
  • the user has no investment cost advantage with the CAD / CAM machine, but he does not have to learn and carry out the image processing and construction. So it's a gain in time, so labor costs and quality.
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant in which a PC 15 is used in room A, that is to say at the dental treatment station.
  • This PC is supplemented by a 3D camera 16, which corresponds to item 2 in FIG. 1, and possibly a video camera (not shown), with its necessary electronics.
  • the electronics can be arranged externally in their own housings and / or as a plug-in card (s) in the PC.
  • the PC 15 also has the necessary interface cards to be able to connect it to the data networks shown here, e.g. via modem.
  • the images generated by the cameras are temporarily stored on PC's own memory and can be checked for suitability by the practitioner on the screen.
  • the usable images can then be transmitted to central computer 13 in room B, as in variant 1, processed there and the result then 6 are retransmitted again, either in the above-mentioned PC or - with appropriate equipment - directly into the grinding machine 17 (which in this case is designed without a monitor). This is followed by the production of the restaurant, etc.
  • the grinding machine can be controlled directly by the PC or a processor installed in the grinding machine; in the latter case it would be a CNC machine.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further variant, which essentially differs from that shown in FIG. 2 in that one or more cameras are arranged on a DV box 20 located directly at the dental treatment station.
  • the DV box 20 is advantageously designed as a 3D measuring device and, in the simplest version, contains the already mentioned SD measuring camera with corresponding electronics, a screen and a power supply unit.
  • the computer 24 is connected to the grinding machine 17 via a data transmission line 27.
  • variants 2 and 3 compared to those of variant 1 are that a PC already available for other purposes (with all memory and peripheral components) can be used, which reduces the cost of the CAD / CAM system reduced and it allows to use the increased performance of a new PC generation.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)

Abstract

The proposal is for a process and device for the computer-assisted restoration of teeth. In a first stage of the process the geometry of the tooth to be restored is measured with the aid of a measuring device and electronically stored. In a second stage the tooth image is interpreted, in a third stage the restoring element is constructed using CAD and in a fourth stage the restoring element is ground from a block of suitable material with the aid of a numerically controlled grinder (CAM). According to the invention, the CAD/CAM operation, i.e. stages 2, 3 and part of 4, is transferred to a powerful central computer (13) having the appropriate tools. The computer operates automatically to the greatest possible extent; where necessary it is run by an experienced operator and is connected via a data line (12) to the 3D measuring device (2 and 15, 20) and the grinder (17).

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Verfahren und Einrichtung zur rechnergestützten Restauration von ZähnenMethod and device for computer-aided restoration of teeth
Die Restauration von Zähnen erfolgt heute zunehmend mit Industriekeramik oder anderem schleif- oder fräsbaren Materi¬ al, wobei der Restauration folgender Verfahrensablauf zugrun¬ deliegt:Today, teeth are increasingly being restored with industrial ceramics or other materials that can be ground or milled, the restoration being based on the following procedure:
Zunächst wird mit Hilfe einer Meßeinrichtung (Abtastsystem mit optischem oder mechanischem Fühler oder 3D-Kamera) die Geometrie des zu restaurierenden Zahnes und seiner Umgebung (evtl. auch der Gegenzähne) aufgenommen und elektronisch gespeichert.First, with the help of a measuring device (scanning system with optical or mechanical sensor or 3D camera), the geometry of the tooth to be restored and its surroundings (possibly also the opposing teeth) are recorded and stored electronically.
In einem zweiten Schritt wird das Bild interpretiert. Dabei müssen Bodenlinien, Kavitätenränder, Äquatorlinien, Höcker, usw. erkannt und eingezeichnet werden. Dies geschieht meist von Hand durch den erfahrenen Zahnarzt.In a second step, the image is interpreted. Bottom lines, cavity edges, equator lines, humps, etc. must be recognized and drawn in. This is usually done by hand by the experienced dentist.
Im dritten Schritt wird das Restaurat (Inlay, Onlay, Krone, Veneer, usw.) konstruiert. Diese Aufgabe erfordert einen entsprechenden Rechner und professionelle CAD(Computer Aided Design) -Arbeit vom Bediener des Rechners, mit dreidimensiona¬ lem VorStellungsvermögen und der Fähigkeit, am Bildschirm mit Computermitteln konstruieren zu können.In the third step, the restoration (inlay, onlay, crown, veneer, etc.) is constructed. This task requires a corresponding computer and professional CAD (Computer Aided Design) work from the operator of the computer, with three-dimensional imagination and the ability to be able to construct on the screen with computer means.
Die Qualität des Restaurats hängt wesentlich von diesen Fähigkeiten und vom Trainingszustand des Personals ab.The quality of the restaurant largely depends on these skills and the training status of the staff.
Im vierten Schritt wird das Ergebnis dieser Konstruktion in ein Programm für eine numerisch gesteuerte Schleif- /Fräsmaschine übersetzt. Im fünften Schritt wird schließlich das Restaurat in einer NC-Maschine (CAM) aus einem Materialblock gefertigt.In the fourth step, the result of this design is translated into a program for a numerically controlled grinding / milling machine. In the fifth step, the restoration is finally made from a block of material in an NC machine (CAM).
Im letzten Schritt wird das Restaurat in den Kiefer des Patienten eingegliedert.In the last step, the restoration is placed in the patient's jaw.
Der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine technische Lösung zu finden, die es erlaubt, ohne besondere Fähigkeiten und Schulungen des zahnmedizini- sehen Personals in Computer Aided Design (CAD) ein solches Verfahren und ein danach arbeitendes Gerät dennoch in der zahnärztlichen Praxis einzusetzen und dabei auch die Investi¬ tionskosten für den Zahnarzt zu senken.The invention specified in claim 1 is based on the object of finding a technical solution which allows such a method and a device operating according to it to be used in dental without any special skills and training for dental personnel in computer-aided design (CAD) Use practice and thereby reduce the investment costs for the dentist.
Die nachfolgend näher beschriebene Erfindung basiert im wesentlichen auf zwei Hauptgedanken:The invention described in more detail below is essentially based on two main ideas:
I.I.
Die bedienerintensiven Schritte zwei und drei, d.h. die Interpretation der 3D-Aufnahme(n) und die Konstruktion des Restaurates (CAD-Tätigkeit) werden dem Zahnpraxispersonal abgenommen. Diese Prozesse werden in ein Zentrum verlagert, welches über eine entsprechende Ausstattung, nämlich einen leistungsfähigen Rechner, im folgenden Zentralrechner ge- nannt, und einen erfahrenen Operator verfügt.The operator intensive steps two and three, i.e. The interpretation of the 3D image (s) and the construction of the restoration (CAD activity) are taken from the dental practice staff. These processes are relocated to a center, which has the appropriate equipment, namely a powerful computer, hereinafter called the central computer, and an experienced operator.
II.II.
Der leistungsfähige Rechner (Zentralrechner) kann mit aufwen¬ digeren Programmen und Hilfsmitteln ausgestattet sein, etwa mit einer optimierten grafischen Bildverarbeitung, einer besseren Mustererkennung und Bildmanipulation mit Zahn- und Restauratbibliotheken, die eine weitgehend automatische Bildinterpretation und CAD-Tätigkeit des Rechners erlauben. Der Rechner kann z.B. nach dem Prinzip der neuronalen Netze konzipiert sein. Dieser Rechner ist über ein Datennetzmodul und Datenleitungen mit dem Gerät in der Zahnarztpraxis ver¬ bunden.The powerful computer (central computer) can be equipped with more complex programs and aids, for example with optimized graphic image processing, better pattern recognition and image manipulation with tooth and restoration libraries, which permit largely automatic image interpretation and CAD activity of the computer. For example, the computer can be designed according to the principle of neural networks. This computer is through a data network module and data lines connected to the device in the dental practice.
Eine Restauraterstellung kann demnach folgendermaßen ablau- fen:A restaurant creation can therefore proceed as follows:
Der Zahnarzt fertigt nach Bedarf 3D-Aufnahmen vom zu präpa¬ rierenden Zahn, gegebenenfalls auch von den Nachbar- und Gegenzähnen oder von den Gegenzahnabdrücken an. Eventuell können zusätzlich Farbaufnahmen mit einer Videokamera er¬ stellt werden. Dann wird der Zahn auf gewohnte Weise präpa¬ riert. Anschließend werden vom präparierten Zahn 3D- und eventuell Videobilder erstellt.If required, the dentist takes 3D images of the tooth to be prepared, possibly also of the neighboring and opposite teeth or of the opposite tooth impressions. Color recordings can possibly also be made with a video camera. Then the tooth is prepared in the usual way. Then 3D and possibly video images are created of the prepared tooth.
Die Bilder werden zunächst in einem vorhandenen 3D-Meßgerät beim Zahnarzt abgespeichert. Diese Tätigkeiten sind einfach und vom Praxispersonal schnell zu erlernen. Das 3D-Meßgerät besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Meßkamera mit der dazugehörigen Kameraelektronik, einem Netzteil und einem Bildschirm.The images are first saved in an existing 3D measuring device at the dentist. These activities are simple and can be learned quickly by the practice staff. The 3D measuring device essentially consists of a measuring camera with the associated camera electronics, a power supply unit and a screen.
Die Bilder werden sodann über eine Datenleitung - im einfach¬ sten Falle kann hierzu ein an einer Telefonleitung ange¬ schlossenes Modem verwendet werden - an ein extern des Be- handlungsräumes befindliches Rechenzentrum übertragen. Dort werden die Bilder interpretiert und das Restaurat wird mit Hilfe des Zentralrechners mit oder ohne Operatorführung konstruiert. Der Zentralrechner liefert anschließend die Restaurationsdaten über die gleiche Datenleitung in die Zahnarztpraxis zurück, und zwar in einer Form, die gewährlei¬ stet, daß die dort befindliche Schleifmaschine das Restaurat ausschleifen kann. Der Zahnarzt braucht danach das Restaurat nur noch beim Patienten einzusetzen. Das alles geschieht - wie bisher - zügig nacheinander in einer Sitzung des Patien- ten. Die Schleifmaschine braucht sich nicht unbedingt im Behand¬ lungsraum des Zahnarztes befinden; sie kann auch an anderer Stelle stehen, etwa in einem Dental-Labor oder in einem Dienstleistungszentrum, das sowohl die Rechnerleistung als auch die mechanische Fertigung der Restaurate anbietet. In diesem Falle wird allerdings wegen des notwendigen Transports des Restaurats in der Regel keine Behandlung in einer Sitzung möglich sein.The images are then transmitted via a data line - in the simplest case a modem connected to a telephone line can be used for this - to a data center located externally to the treatment room. There the images are interpreted and the restoration is constructed with the help of the central computer with or without operator guidance. The central computer then delivers the restoration data back to the dentist's office via the same data line, in a form which ensures that the grinding machine located there can grind out the restoration. The dentist then only needs to use the restoration on the patient. All of this happens - as before - in quick succession in one session of the patient. The grinding machine need not necessarily be in the dentist's treatment room; it can also be located elsewhere, for example in a dental laboratory or in a service center that offers both the computing power and the mechanical manufacture of the restorations. In this case, however, treatment in one session will generally not be possible due to the necessary transportation of the restoration.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von drei Ausführungs¬ beispielen beschrieben.The invention is described below using three exemplary embodiments.
Die Figur 1 zeigt eine erste Ausführung, bei der in einem Raum A, der den Behandlungsraum eines Zahnarztes, in dem sich normalerweise der Arbeitsplatz für die Patientenbehandlung befindet, repräsentieren soll, ein Kompaktgerät 1 (CAD/CAM- Gerät) aufgestellt ist. Ein solches Kompaktgerät ist bei¬ spielsweise in der DE-4 030 176 beschrieben. Es enthält eine 3D-Kamera 2 mit der notwendigen Versorgungs- und Bilderzeu- gungselektronik; einen integrierten, hier nur symbolisch angedeuteten Mikroprozessor 3 für die Bildbearbeitung, Kon¬ struktion und Schleifmaschinensteuerung; einen Bildschirm 4, diverse Bedienelemente 5 (Rollkugel, Tasten, Eingabe-Fu߬ schalter) , ein Diskettenlaufwerk 6 zum Abspeichern der Original-3D-Bilder und der Restaurationen und eine in einer Schleifkammer 7 angeordnete Schleifmaschine 8. In einer Ausbaustufe kann die Maschine auch eine Videokamera mit entsprechender elektrischer Versorgung enthalten. Die Video¬ bilder können mit Hilfe eines externen Druckers gespeichert und ausgedruckt werden. Die 3D-Videobilder können nur alter¬ nativ, nicht gleichzeitig auf dem Schirm dargestellt werden.FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment in which a compact device 1 (CAD / CAM device) is set up in a room A, which is intended to represent the treatment room of a dentist in which the workplace for patient treatment is normally located. Such a compact device is described, for example, in DE-4 030 176. It contains a 3D camera 2 with the necessary supply and imaging electronics; an integrated, here only symbolically indicated microprocessor 3 for image processing, construction and grinding machine control; a screen 4, various operating elements 5 (trackball, buttons, input foot switch), a floppy disk drive 6 for storing the original 3D images and the restorations and a grinding machine 8 arranged in a grinding chamber 7. The machine can also be used in an expansion stage contain a video camera with appropriate electrical supply. The video images can be saved and printed using an external printer. The 3D video images can only be displayed alternatively, not simultaneously on the screen.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Modifikation werden die CAD/CAM- Funktionen des Kompaktgerätes 1 nicht benutzt; es werden vielmehr die Original-3D-Bilder, gegebenenfalls auch dieIn the modification according to the invention, the CAD / CAM functions of the compact device 1 are not used; it is rather the original 3D images, possibly also the ones
Videobilder, über entsprechende Datennetz-Module 10, 11 und eine Datenleitung 12 an einen Zentralrechner 13 übertragen. Dieser Zentralrechner ist im Vergleich zu dem vorerwähnten, in dem Kompaktgerät 1 befindlichen Mikroprozessor 3 mit aufwendigeren Programmen und Hilfsmitteln ausgestattet und befindet sich außerhalb des Behandlungsraumes A, z.B. in einem Dentallabor oder in einem eigens dafür geschaffenen zentralen Rechenzentrum (Raum B) . Dort wird die bereits angesprochene Bildinterpretation und Konstruktion durchge¬ führt. Das Ergebnis wird über die gleiche Datenleitung 12 und die beiden Datennetz-Module 11, 10 rückübertragen und imVideo images, via corresponding data network modules 10, 11 and transmit a data line 12 to a central computer 13. In comparison to the aforementioned microprocessor 3 located in the compact device 1, this central computer is equipped with more complex programs and aids and is located outside the treatment room A, for example in a dental laboratory or in a central computer center (room B) specially created for this purpose. The image interpretation and construction already mentioned is carried out there. The result is retransmitted via the same data line 12 and the two data network modules 11, 10 and in
Speicher des Mikroprozessors 3 der Schleifmaschine im Raum A gespeichert. Danach erfolgt das Ausfräsen bzw. Schleifen des Restaurats mit den maschineneigenen Mitteln (Universalrechner und Schleifmaschine) . Bei dieser Variante hat der Nutzer zwar keinen Investitionskostenvorteil bei der CAD/CAM-Maschine, er erspart sich jedoch das Lernen und Durchführen der Bildbear¬ beitung und der Konstruktion. Es ist also ein Gewinn an Zeit, damit Lohnkosten und Qualität.Memory of the microprocessor 3 of the grinding machine is stored in room A. Then the restoration is milled or ground using the machine's own resources (universal computer and grinding machine). With this variant, the user has no investment cost advantage with the CAD / CAM machine, but he does not have to learn and carry out the image processing and construction. So it's a gain in time, so labor costs and quality.
Die Figur 2 zeigt eine Variante, bei der im Raum A, also am zahnärztlichen Behandlungsplatz, ein PC 15 verwendet wird. Dieser PC ist ergänzt durch eine 3D-Kamera 16, die der Pos. 2 in Fig. 1 entspricht, und gegebenenfalls eine (nicht darge¬ stellte) Videokamera, mit deren notwendiger Elektronik. Die Elektronik kann extern in eigenen Gehäusen und/oder als Einsteckkarte(n) im PC angeordnet sein.FIG. 2 shows a variant in which a PC 15 is used in room A, that is to say at the dental treatment station. This PC is supplemented by a 3D camera 16, which corresponds to item 2 in FIG. 1, and possibly a video camera (not shown), with its necessary electronics. The electronics can be arranged externally in their own housings and / or as a plug-in card (s) in the PC.
Der PC 15 verfügt außerdem über die notwendigen Schnittstel- lenkarten, um ihn mit den hier extern dargestellten Datennet- zen koppeln zu können, z.B. per Modem.The PC 15 also has the necessary interface cards to be able to connect it to the data networks shown here, e.g. via modem.
Die durch die Kameras erzeugten Bilder werden auf PC-eigenen Speichern zwischengespeichert und können vom Behandler am Bildschirm auf Eignung geprüft werden. Die brauchbaren Bilder können sodann wie in Variante 1 an den Zentralrechner 13 im Raum B übertragen, dort verarbeitet und das Ergebnis dann 6 wieder rückübertragen werden, und zwar entweder in den oben genannten PC oder - bei entsprechender Ausrüstung - direkt in die Schleifmaschine 17 (die in diesem Fall ohne Monitor ausgeführt ist) . Danach folgt die Fertigung des Restaurats usw.The images generated by the cameras are temporarily stored on PC's own memory and can be checked for suitability by the practitioner on the screen. The usable images can then be transmitted to central computer 13 in room B, as in variant 1, processed there and the result then 6 are retransmitted again, either in the above-mentioned PC or - with appropriate equipment - directly into the grinding machine 17 (which in this case is designed without a monitor). This is followed by the production of the restaurant, etc.
Die Steuerung der Schleifmaschine kann dabei direkt durch den PC oder einen in der Schleifmaschine eingebauten Prozessor erfolgen; im letzten Falle wäre es eine CNC-Maschine.The grinding machine can be controlled directly by the PC or a processor installed in the grinding machine; in the latter case it would be a CNC machine.
Die Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere Variante, die sich von der in Figur 2 gezeigten im wesentlichen dadurch unterscheidet, daß an einer direkt am Dentalbehandlungsplatz befindlichen DV-Box 20 ein oder mehrere Kameras angeordnet sind. Die DV-Box 20 ist vorteilhafterweise als 3D-Meßgerät ausgebildet und ent¬ hält in der einfachsten Version die bereits angesprochene SD- Meßkamera mit entsprechender Elektronik, einen Bildschirm und ein Netzteil. In verschiedenen Ausbaustufen können in/an dieser DV-Box entweder nur eine 3D-Kamera 21 mit entsprechen- der Elektronik, ein Bildschirm 22 und Bedienelemente 23 sowie ein (hier nur symbolisch angedeuteter) integrierter Rechner 24 (PC) oder zusätzlich eine oder mehrere Videokameras 25 und/oder Röntgenkameras 26 angebracht sein. Der Rechner 24 ist mit der Schleifmaschine 17 über eine Datenübertragungsleitung 27 verbunden.FIG. 3 shows a further variant, which essentially differs from that shown in FIG. 2 in that one or more cameras are arranged on a DV box 20 located directly at the dental treatment station. The DV box 20 is advantageously designed as a 3D measuring device and, in the simplest version, contains the already mentioned SD measuring camera with corresponding electronics, a screen and a power supply unit. In various stages of expansion, either only a 3D camera 21 with appropriate electronics, a screen 22 and operating elements 23 and an integrated computer 24 (here only symbolically indicated) (PC) or additionally one or more video cameras can be in / on this DV box 25 and / or X-ray cameras 26 can be attached. The computer 24 is connected to the grinding machine 17 via a data transmission line 27.
Die Vorteile der Varianten 2 und 3 im Vergleich zu denen von Variante 1 liegen darin, daß ein für andere Zwecke bereits vorhandener PC (mit allen Speicher- und Peripheriekomponen- ten) verwendet werden kann, was die Kosten des CAD/CAM-Sy¬ stems vermindert und es erlaubt, die jeweils gesteigerte Leistung einer neuen PC-Generation zu nutzen. The advantages of variants 2 and 3 compared to those of variant 1 are that a PC already available for other purposes (with all memory and peripheral components) can be used, which reduces the cost of the CAD / CAM system reduced and it allows to use the increased performance of a new PC generation.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren und Einrichtung zur rechnergestützten Restaura¬ tion von_Zähnen, bei dem in einem ersten Schritt mit Hilfe einer Meßeinrichtung die Geometrie des zu restaurierenden Zahnes erfaßt und das so gewonnene Zahnbild elektronisch abgespeichert wird, bei dem in einem zweiten Schritt das Zahnbild interpretiert und in einem dritten Schritt das Restaurat mit Hilfe CAD konstruiert wird, und bei dem schließlich in einem vierten Schritt das Restaurat mit Hilfe einer numerisch gesteuerten Schleifeinrichtung aus einem Block aus geeignetem Zahnrestaurationsmaterial herausgefräst, wird, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Bilderfassung (Schritt 1) mit einem 3D-Meßgerät am Behandlungsplatz erfolgt, dagegen die CAD/CAM-Aufgaben1. Method and device for computer-aided restoration of teeth, in which, in a first step, the geometry of the tooth to be restored is recorded with the aid of a measuring device and the tooth image thus obtained is stored electronically, in which the tooth image is interpreted in a second step and in one third step, the restoration is constructed with the help of CAD, and in the fourth step, finally, the restoration is milled out of a block of suitable tooth restoration material with the aid of a numerically controlled grinding device, characterized in that the image acquisition (step 1) with a 3D measuring device at the treatment center, on the other hand the CAD / CAM tasks
(Schritte 2 und 3) auf einen nicht am zahnärztlichen Behand¬ lungsplatz befindlichen Zentralrechner (13) ausgelagert werden, wobei der Zentralrechner dementsprechend zumindest teilweise über Programme und Tools verfügt, die zur Musterer- kennung, der Bildverarbeitung, der CAD-Konstruktion und der Erzeugung von Steuerprogrammen für NC-gesteuerte Maschinen (17) geeignet sind und daß diese Schritte zumindest teilweise automatisch durch den Zentralrechner erfolgen.(Steps 2 and 3) are outsourced to a central computer (13) which is not located at the dental treatment station, the central computer correspondingly at least partially having programs and tools for pattern recognition, image processing, CAD construction and generation of control programs for NC-controlled machines (17) are suitable and that these steps are carried out at least partially automatically by the central computer.
2. Verfahren/Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das 3D-Meßgerät und die Schleifmaschine über Datenleitungen, z.B. per Modem und Telefonleitung, mit dem Zentralrechner (13) verbunden sind.2. The method / device according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the 3D measuring device and the grinding machine via data lines, e.g. via modem and telephone line, are connected to the central computer (13).
3. Verfahren/Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die CAD-Arbeiten am Zentralrechner (13) durch einen in der Methode erfahrenen Operator erfolgen. 3. The method / device according to claim 1, so that the CAD work on the central computer (13) is carried out by an operator experienced in the method.
8 4. Verfahren/Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Schritte eins und vier in einem Kompakt-Gerät (1) gemeinsam durchgeführt werden. 8 4. Method / device according to claim 1, characterized in that steps one and four are carried out together in a compact device (1).
5. Verfahren/Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das 3D-Meßgerät aus der 3D- Kamera, einem PC und einer oder mehrerer PC-Einsteckkarten mit der Hard- und Software zum Betreiben der 3D-Kamera be¬ steht und daß die Schleifmaschine davon getrennt aufgestellt ist.5. The method / device according to claim 1, characterized in that the 3D measuring device from the 3D camera, a PC and one or more PC plug-in cards with the hardware and software for operating the 3D camera is available and that the grinding machine is set up separately.
6. Verfahren/Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 5, d a ¬ d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das 3D-Meßgerät als tragbares Gerät ausgebildet ist.6. The method / device according to claim 1 or 5, d a ¬ d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the 3D measuring device is designed as a portable device.
7. Verfahren/Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das 3D-Meßgerät zusätzlich noch wenigstens eine Videokamera, eine Röntgenkamera oder Programme der PraxisVerwaltung enthält. 7. The method / device according to claim 5, so that the 3D measuring device additionally contains at least one video camera, one X-ray camera or programs of the practice administration.
PCT/DE1996/000840 1995-05-22 1996-05-13 Process and device for the computer-assisted restoration of teeth WO1996037163A1 (en)

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DE19518702A DE19518702C2 (en) 1995-05-22 1995-05-22 Method and device for computer-aided restoration of teeth
DE19518702.4 1995-05-22

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