WO1995017939A2

WO1995017939A2 - Filter for liquids

Info

Publication number: WO1995017939A2
Application number: PCT/DE1994/001506
Authority: WO
Inventors: Matea Franz
Original assignee: Mts-Produkte Gmbh
Priority date: 1993-12-28
Filing date: 1994-12-19
Publication date: 1995-07-06
Also published as: WO1995017939A3

Abstract

The invention concerns a filter for liquids, in particular for swimming-bath or similar water, the filter consisting of a closed tank with a water inlet and a water outlet between which the tank contains a bed of filter material of the required depth. In order to give a compact design without affecting the filtering performance, the invention proposes either that the tank has several chambers, connected to each other, through which the liquid passes, at least two of which contain a bed of filter material, the total depth of the individual beds being equal to the required overall bed depth, or that a pipe connected to the liquid inlet and having its oulet near the top of the tank is mounted on the inside wall of the tank and a cylindrical tank holding the filter material is fitted inside the closed tank, the upper rim of the cylindrical tank lying above the lower part of the closed tank and the lower rim of the cylindrical tank lying below the upper part of the closed tank.

Description

description

Liquid filter

The invention relates to a liquid filter, in particular water filter for swimming pools or the like, consisting of a closed container with a water inlet and a water outlet, between which the container interior contains a bed of filter material corresponding to the desired layer height.

Coarse impurities, turbid substances, colloidal substances and microorganisms get into the pool water. By filtration, for example with sand, anthracite, dolomite, lava gravel, silicates or activated carbon, coarse impurities and turbid substances can be retained. In order to convert the colloidal and in part also genuinely dissolved substances into a filterable form, flocculants are used in part, which are likewise separated off in filters.

In order to ensure adequate filtration, certain layer heights of the filter material must be specified or provided accordingly, e.g. with sand as filter material, a layer height of more than 1.2 m with closed filter housings.

The liquid filters known from the prior art of the type described at the outset have corresponding heights to meet the aforementioned regulations and require a space which is adapted to the height.

Proceeding from this, it is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid filter which allows a more compact design without sacrificing the filter effect. This object is achieved by a liquid filter according to claim 1, which consists of a closed container with a water inlet and a water outlet, between which several interconnected chambers for liquid passage are provided in the container interior, of which at least two chambers contain a filter material bed, the total height from the individual filter material beds results in a bed corresponding to the desired layer height. In departure from the design principles known in the prior art, the layer height is achieved by a liquid guide which also has deflections between the water inlet and the water outlet. These liquid deflections can be 180 ° deflections, so that the liquid is guided in opposite directions in adjacent chambers, but they can also consist of a helical or spiral liquid guide. The height can be halved simply by using two adjacent chambers, which are connected by a 180 ° liquid deflection.

Developments of the invention are described in claims 2 to 7. In particular, at least two adjacent chambers are provided, through which oppositely directed flows can flow. If there are n adjacent chambers, the overall height is reduced to 1 / n.

For connecting two chambers, feedthroughs to the adjacent chamber and / or in the upper area, preferably overflows and / or pipe bends, in particular 180 ° deflection pipes, are used in the respective chamber floor or in the vicinity thereof in order to obtain the most space-saving design. The chambers are preferably arranged essentially vertically next to one another, wherein according to a further embodiment of the invention at least one of the chambers arranged centrally to another chamber and is designed as an annular chamber. For example, a central cylindrical chamber with a plurality of further annular chambers surrounding it at different radial distances can be provided in this way. These chambers are connected to one another by respective side walls and / or floor openings, 180 ° pipe elbows and / or overflows, in particular in such a way that two adjacent chambers have a common cylindrical wall. This design is not only space-saving, but also saves material. Preferably, the chamber directly connected to the water outlet is a centrally located riser. In this case, the liquid introduced through the water inlet is introduced into the upper region of one of the outer annular chambers, where it sinks downwards, rises accordingly in accordance with the principle of the communicating tubes in the riser pipe, and is discharged via a water outlet which is lower than the water inlet.

In order to prevent removal of the filter material, a fabric filter is arranged between the part of the riser pipe filled in the filter bed and the water outlet. This fabric filter preferably consists of a filter fabric assembled into a closed ring, which is clamped between a closed lid and a bottom with an opening (to the riser pipe).

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the filter belt is clamped in a wave-like or zig-zag shape between the cover and the bottom, so that there is an enlarged passage area for the water. Such a fabric filter is described, for example, in EP 0 071 200 B1.

According to a development of the invention, a pipe connected to a water inlet pipe leads to a pipe in the upper one Distributor arranged in the container space, through which the liquid is distributed into an outer annular chamber. In the middle of this annular chamber, the riser tube connected to the outer annular chamber is arranged, at the upper end of which an outlet tube is arranged as a connection to the outlet nozzle.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the container is constructed in two parts, the container parts being detachably connected to one another. As a result, the interior of the container is easily accessible when changing the filter material or for other work. One of the container parts is preferably a removable cover.

In order to simplify the design of the liquid filter and to reduce the cost of manufacture, provision is also made for a channel connected to the liquid inlet with an outlet opening in the upper container area to be arranged on the inner wall of the container. This saves other pipe routing. According to a further embodiment of the invention, a second channel with an inlet opening in the lower container region can also be arranged on the inner wall of the container as a connection to the liquid outlet.

In the simplest case, the channel or channels consist of two walls parallel to one another and perpendicular to the inner wall of the container and a cover essentially parallel to the inner wall of the container. This cover is detachably connected to the parallel walls of the channel.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the container can consist of an upper and lower part releasably connected to one another via a clamping ring, at least one of which is a plastic injection-molded part, which is preferably produced in one piece with the channel walls. The cover, for example in the form of a strip, can be lelen side walls clamped, screwed or attached with the usual connecting means according to the prior art.

The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are preferably arranged in the lower part of the container, the end face of the upwardly leading first channel of the lower part connected to the liquid inlet resting against the end face of the channel of the upper part. If necessary, relevant channel sections can interlock if an improvement of the seal to the outside or to the interior of the container is desired.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the first channel in the upper part is provided at its liquid outlet end with a cover which has bores, slots or other openings. The cover can in particular be an annular or star-shaped liquid distributor which allows the liquid to run off onto the sand and / or gravel fill. In the lower area there is a finely slotted cover on the inlet opening, which is to prevent filter material from being discharged through the drain. The cover of the first and / or the second channel can be fastened by means of a clamp, snap or screw closure, so that they are accessible for maintenance work or for possible replacement.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the interior of the container can contain at least one exchangeable cartridge filter into or into which the water radially flows and is fed to the liquid outlet via a perforated inner tube.

The above object is further achieved by the liquid filter according to claim 8. This liquid In the closed container, filter has a tubular inner container which contains the bulk material, the upper edge of which lies above the lower part and the lower edge of which is below the upper part. This measure, namely to use a type of inner liner, extends the circumferential boundary of the sand above the height given by the upper edge of the lower part, so that the lower part no longer has to have the prescribed dimension of the bed material height. The above-mentioned inner container protrudes from the upper edge by the amount that there is no interior height in the lower part of the liquid filter in order to achieve the required and desired bed height. Such an inner container can advantageously also be easily retrofitted to the already existing filter containers. The inner container does not require any great manufacturing outlay, so that the increase in bed height can be produced inexpensively.

Developments of the invention are described in claims 9 and 10.

Thus, the inner container preferably extends essentially over the entire interior height of the (outer) container, so that the entire filter bed material is completely shielded from the container and this can be easily inspected or serviced. For manufacturing reasons, the inner container is cylindrical or, in order to achieve a maximum filling volume, is adapted to the inner jacket contour of the container. In the first case, the diameter of the inner container, which rests in a bottom-side guide of the container, can be spaced so far from the outer container or the pipelines present there for the liquid passage that these pipe or sewer lines are easily accessible, without emptying the filter material. In the second case, in addition to maximizing the Volume of the filling material can also be achieved that the inner container is fixed against rotation in the outer container.

In order to keep the material expenditure for the inner container as low as possible, but on the other hand also to ensure sufficient inner container stability, the wall thickness is 2 to 2.5 mm.

The container is preferably divided approximately in the middle into an upper and a lower half, which has the advantage that essentially the same parts or devices can be used to manufacture these parts.

Through the channel arranged in the upper half or the upper part of the container, which is connected to the inner wall of the container, otherwise necessary inner tubes which take up space can be saved. The connection of the channel to the inner wall of the container also prevents the water supply channel from kinking if the upper part is opened carelessly, since the upper part also removes the water supply channel. The manufacture can be made considerably cheaper, particularly in the case of a one-piece construction. According to a further development of the invention, the water drainage channel can also be designed as a second channel with an inlet opening in the lower container area as a connection to the liquid outlet. In the simplest case, the channel or channels consist of two walls parallel to one another and perpendicular to the inner wall of the container and a cover essentially parallel to the inner wall of the container. This cover is detachably connected to the parallel walls of the channel.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the container can consist of an upper and lower part releasably connected to one another via a clamping ring, at least one of which is a plastic injection-molded part, which is preferably produced in one piece with the channel walls. The cover, for example in the form of a strip, can be clamped onto the parallel side walls, screwed on or attached with the connecting means customary according to the prior art.

The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are preferably arranged in the lower part of the container, the end face of the upwardly leading first channel of the lower part connected to the liquid inlet abutting the end face of the channel of the upper part. If necessary, relevant channel sections can interlock if an improvement of the seal to the outside or to the interior of the container is desired.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the first channel in the upper part is provided at its liquid outlet end with a cover which has bores, slots or other openings. The cover can in particular be an annular or star-shaped liquid distributor which allows the liquid to run off onto the sand and / or gravel fill. In the lower area there is a finely slotted cover on the inlet opening, which is to prevent filter material from being discharged through the drain. The cover of the first and / or the second channel can be fastened by means of a clamp, snap or screw closure, so that they are accessible for maintenance work or possible replacement. The cover lies above the inner container open at the top or protrudes into the inner container.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. Show it:

1 to 6 each show longitudinal sectional views of liquid filters according to the invention. The container shown in FIG. 1 consists of a lid 10 and a base part 11, which have a circular cross section and are releasably placed one on top of the other, with outer ring beads being fixed with a ring clip 12 at the attachment point. The inner structure is carried by the bottom part 11, so that the cover 10 can be removed as a separate part alone and the inner structure of the filter container is accessible. A water inlet connector 13 and a water outlet connector 14 are arranged one above the other in the side wall of the base part 11. A pipe connection 15 leads from the water inlet connection to a distributor 16, via which the water to be filtered that is introduced falls downward into the annular chamber 17 provided with a filling. This has openings 18 to a lower cavity 19 which is trapezoidal in cross section and which serves as the substructure of a riser pipe 20, into which liquid can flow via openings 21. The annular chamber 17 and the riser pipe 20 both contain filter material beds made of sand or filter materials that can be used in a comparable manner. At the upper end of the riser pipe, a further chamber 22 is provided, in which a fabric filter, consisting of a bottom 23 provided with an opening and a lid 24, and filter fabric 25 clamped between the bottom and lid, is located; the riser pipe 20 rising water into the substantially cylindrical space surrounding the filter cloth 25 and finally via passages (not shown) rise into the drain pipe 27, where it is led to the outlet port 14 and led out. The parts or surfaces coming into contact with the liquids are preferably lined with a corrosion-resistant material or consist thereof, plastic, in particular, being a suitable corrosion-resistant material.

The liquid filter shown in FIG. 2 can be applied to the pipe routing system of the previously described liquid filter dispense. In the upper part 10 and the lower part 11, channels 101 and 102 are connected to the inner jacket of the container. In the simplest case, these channels consist of two mutually parallel side walls which are perpendicular to the inner wall of the container and a rear cover which is essentially parallel to the inner wall of the container. This cover can be releasably attached to the side walls described. The side walls can be produced in one piece with the container upper part 10 or lower part 11 in the injection molding process, via the inlet connection 11 the water reaches the channel 101 and via the distributor 16 into the container interior which, as described above, has an annular space 17 with a filter material fill, for example made of sand , Via the passage openings already described and illustrated by arrows, the water reaches the riser pipe, for example filled with activated carbon, where it flows through the filter belt 25 into the filter interior and passes through the bottom into a pipe 26. This downpipe directs the water into the channel 102, which is constructed like the channel 101. The channel 101 is shielded by the end wall 103 and the channel 102 by the end wall 105 downwards and upwards, respectively. Any filter materials, including filter candles and cartridges, can be arranged in the riser pipe 20. The upper lid is preferably made of transparent material and thus allows control over the filtering process. Furthermore, the upper part can accommodate a manometer.

While in the above-described embodiments the liquid inlet 13 and the liquid outlet 14 are mounted on the side, in the liquid filter according to FIG. 3 the inlet 13 is designed as a ring-shaped overhead valve which frames the outlet 14. In this way, it is possible to set up the filter kettle in a pit or other rooms that are not from the Side, but only accessible from above. The arrows symbolize the liquid flow, the water flowing into the annular space 17 being cleaned by the filter material present there and being discharged upwards via the riser pipe 20.

A corresponding variant is also shown in FIG. 4, but the riser pipe 20 has a filter 23, 24 and 25 in the upper region, in which the bottom 23 is closed and the lid 24 is provided with an opening, as a result of which the cleaned water flows to the outlet 14 can be supplied.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of activated carbon cartridges 30 with an inner downpipe 31 are arranged one above the other, so that material flowing radially into the cartridges 30 from the outside can flow downward through the drain pipe 31. Since the only opening of the cover 16 is in the region of the downpipes 31, it is ensured that the liquid is also cleaned without additional sand, if necessary, the liquid is also discharged here via the riser pipe 20. The liquid courses are shown in detail.

In principle, it is also possible to provide disinfectant tablets (chlorine or bromine tablets) in a screwed-in lid at the top of the drain, which at the same time ensures chlorination.

The liquid filter shown in FIG. 6 consists of injection-molded parts, namely an upper part 100 and a lower part 110, which are held together by a clamping ring 120. The lower part 110 has an inlet 13 and an outlet 14, which lead via a wall opening to respective channels 101 and 102, which in the simplest case consist of two mutually parallel, perpendicular to the container the inner wall standing side walls and a cover parallel to the inner wall of the container, which is clamped or screwed on. The channel 101 connected to the liquid inlet 13 has a lower end 103, so that pumped water flows upwards in the channel. The channel 101 ends in the upper container area and is connected to a cover as a distributor 160. This cover can have slots, openings 170 or similar water-permeable geometries. Furthermore, a cylindrical inner container 180 is arranged in the container, which is supported on a corresponding annular projection 190 or a groove embedded therein. The inner container 180 is constructed as thin-walled as possible, its wall thickness being essentially determined by the force which the filter material bed, for example sand, exerts on it. The inner container can also consist of an injection molded part or of metal. Sand is filled up to the dashed line 210 in the inner container interior 200. On the basis of the filling line 220, which, without using the inner container, represents the boundary marking for the dumping height in two-part liquid filters previously known according to the prior art, the increase in the dumping height can be recognized. In the bottom area, the container or lower part 11 has a filter 230, which is intended to prevent filter fill material, such as sand, from entering the channel 102. This filter consists of a cover 240 and a base 250, between which an annular filter fabric 260 is clamped. The water entering the filter interior through the filter fabric 260 is fed via an outlet 270 to the channel 102, where it rises and leaves the container via the outlet 14. Channel 102 has an upper shield 104 above the outlet. The relevant connection piece 280 and 290 can be inserted into the inlet 13 and the outlet 14, respectively.

Claims

claims

Liquid filter, in particular water filter for swimming pools or the like, consisting of a closed container with a water inlet (13) and a water outlet (14), between which a plurality of interconnected chambers for liquid passage are provided in the container interior, of which at least two chambers (17, 20) contain a bed of filter material, the total height of the individual filter material beds giving a bed corresponding to the desired layer height.

Liquid filter according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two adjacent chambers (17, 20), preferably essentially vertically adjacent chambers, are provided, which can be flowed through with oppositely directed flows.

Liquid filter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for connecting two chambers (17, 20) in the respective chamber floor or in the vicinity of bushings (18, 21) to the adjacent chamber and / or in the upper region overflows and / or Pipe elbows, in particular 180 ° deflection pipes are provided.

Liquid filter according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one of the chambers (17) is arranged concentrically with a further chamber (20) and is designed as an annular chamber (17).

5. Liquid filter according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a connected to a Wasserein¬ lassstutzen (13) pipe (15) leads to an arranged in the upper container space distributor (16) through which the liquid in an outer Ring¬ chamber (17) is distributed.

6. Liquid filter according to claim 5, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that a riser pipe (20) is arranged centrally in the container, at the upper end of an outlet pipe (27) is arranged as a connection to the outlet port (14).

7. Liquid filter according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the container is formed in two parts and the container parts (10, 11) are detachably connected to one another, preferably one of the container parts being a removable lid (10).

8. Liquid filter, in particular water filter for swimming pools or the like, consisting of a closed container which consists of a detachably connected upper and lower part (100, 110), with a liquid inlet (13) and a liquid outlet (14), between which At least one filter body or at least one filter material bed is arranged, characterized in that a channel (101) connected to the liquid inlet (13) and having an outlet opening (170) in the upper container area is arranged on the inner wall of the container and in that in the closed container (100, 110) there is a tubular inner container (180) containing the filter material, the upper edge of which lies above the lower part (110) and the lower edge of which is below the upper part (100).

9. A liquid filter according to claim 8, characterized in that the inner container (18) extends substantially over the entire interior height of the container (100, 110).

10. Liquid filter according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the inner container (180) is cylindrical or adapted to the inner jacket contour of the container (100, 110).