WO1992003336A1

WO1992003336A1 - Rudder

Info

Publication number: WO1992003336A1
Application number: PCT/CH1991/000172
Authority: WO
Inventors: Konrad Heinrich Butz
Original assignee: Konrad Heinrich Butz
Priority date: 1990-08-17
Filing date: 1991-08-14
Publication date: 1992-03-05
Also published as: DE4191995D2; AU8291391A; CH681974A5; NZ239375A

Abstract

Pairs of horizontal guide planes (11, 12, 13, 14) are fitted perpendicularly to the central plane of the rudder (10) of a sailing vessel. These pairs of planes (11, 12, 13, 14) are mutually parallel. An upper pair (11, 12) is arranged far enough beneath the stern (1) of the vessel that when she heels both planes (11, 12) remain under water. The lower planes (13, 14) are at a short distance from the free end (16) of the rudder (10). It has been shown that control of the vessel is very good for different currents, speeds and wind directions and strengths. Water turbulence resulting from rudder deflections is also greatly reduced.

Description

Rudder

The present invention relates to a rudder for water and aircraft according to the preamble of independent patent claim 1.

In sailing ships, the effect is known that the control properties of the vehicle are lost in the event of gusts or currents in the water. This is due to the tearing of currents or eddies behind the rudder. This then resulted in the so-called "shooting into the wind", which could often lead to dangerous situations and to an absolutely uncontrollable driving position.

Similar observations can also be observed in aircraft. These lead to uncontrollable flight situations. Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide means by which the control and driveability of water and aircraft could be improved.

This is achieved according to the invention by the features in the characterizing part of independent patent claim 1.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it: 1 is a side view of a rudder with a stern part of a sailing ship,

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a rudder alone in a first embodiment, and

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a rudder alone in a second embodiment.

By attaching guide vanes 11, 12, 13, 14 in a paired arrangement, for example, to a rudder 10 of a ship 1, of which the stern and the rudder shaft 2 are shown, the steering and driving behavior is decisively improved. In these examples, fins as are known from the windsurf boards are provided as guide vanes 11-14.

1 and 2, these guide wings protrude laterally perpendicular to the central rudder plane and are located flush with the rear edge 15. In these two views of the rudder 10, a first pair of guide wings 11, 12 are arranged at a distance from the hull of the ship 1 in such a way that the two guide wings 11, 12 remain below the surface of the water when the ship 1 and / or at sea is heeling.

The second pair of guide vanes 13, 14 is arranged in pairs near the free end 16 of the rudder 1 and is also perpendicular to the central plane of the rudder 10 and is oriented horizontally.

According to a variant according to FIG. 3, the pair of guide vanes 23, 24 on the end is also again spaced from the free end 26. arranges. While the upper pair of guide vanes 21, 22 is arranged horizontally, as in the example described first, the lower pair of guide vanes 23, 24 is inclined downward toward the rear.

Experiments have shown that with such guide vanes the tearing off of flow and eddies, if not completely suppressed, is nevertheless greatly reduced. The control rudder is thus continuously flowed around by water and can therefore also fulfill its task.

In the case of motor ships, such as the "Saturn" container ship, the shipbuilding test institute Potsdam has proposed, in addition to Leit¬, according to the magazine HA SA-Schiffahrt-Schiffbau-Hafen, 127th year, No. 17/18, 1990, page 1046 wings on the rudder behind the propeller at the level of the propeller axis to be arranged on the hull in the ship's wake field. Because this gives the water a swirl in front of the propeller, the swirl losses on the propeller itself are reduced, which should ultimately lead to energy savings. The higher swirl after the propeller can at most be partially remedied with the guide vanes on the rudder, so that the rudder is arranged in a medium with less cavitation. In contrast to this, while energy savings are addressed there, a stall at and behind the rudder should be prevented as far as possible.

In ships, the guide vanes must naturally on the Medium water should be matched and their cross-sectional shape should be designed accordingly in order to generate as little buoyancy as possible. So that different ratios of water flow and wind can be better managed, the guide vanes can be adjusted jointly, in pairs or individually, such as by means of Bowden cables through a hollow rudder shaft 2.

In aircraft, the guide vanes can be arranged on vertical stabilizers as well as on vertical stabilizers. Of course, the medium air must also be considered for this application.

Claims

1. Rudder for water and aircraft, characterized in that at least one guide wing is arranged perpendicular to the central plane of the rudder blade on the rudder blade.

2. Rudder according to claim 1, gekennzeich¬ net by paired guide vanes on both sides of the rudder blade.

3. Rudder according to claim 1, gekennzeich¬ net by unpaired guide vanes on both sides of the rudder blade.

4. Rudder according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized by two pairs of guide vanes, of which one pair is located near the free end of the rudder blade and the other pair is arranged as far from the boat hull that both guide vanes are heeling the ship stay under water.