WO1990006406A1

WO1990006406A1 - Arrangement for house building frames

Info

Publication number: WO1990006406A1
Application number: PCT/SE1989/000692
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gunnar Serneblad
Original assignee: Gunnar Serneblad
Priority date: 1988-12-01
Filing date: 1989-11-28
Publication date: 1990-06-14
Also published as: EP0446242A1; SE462569B; SE8804349D0; FI912610A0; SE8804349L

Abstract

Attachment element for house building frames having two halves (8, 9) of which the first is secured on a pillar (1) and the second on a beam end (2) and designed to be joined to each other for connection of the pillars and beams. In each attachment element the first half (8) consists of a wedge-shaped body projecting from the element of the pillar (1) or the beam (2) supporting the half in question, which body has an upper, narrower end and a lower, broader end, and sides connecting these ends. The sides extend obliquely outwards from the surface of the element, and in the direction outwards from each other, so that the outer surfaces of the sides in a horizontal cross-section form a wedge shape widening outwards from the element. The second half (9) has a recess in the joining surface of the element, with a lower, downwardly open end. The breadth of the open end is adapted to the broader, lower end of the first half, and with a closed upper end whose breadth is adapted to the narrower, upper end of the first half, and sides between these ends which are adapted to at least partially bear gainst the sides of the first half.

Description

Title:

Arrangement for house building frames

Technical field:

The present invention relates to an arrangement for house building frames, which comprise a number of pillars and beams connecting the pillars, in accordance with the preamble of Patent Claim 1. It relates more particularly to attachment elements for holding together the pillars and the ends of the respective connecting beams, which attachment elements each have two halves, of which the first is secured on the respective pillar and the second on the respective beam end. The halves are designed to be joined to each other for the said connection of the pillars and the beams and to support the load which is taken up by the beams.

The said connection of the ends of beams in a house building frame to the pillars supporting thf: respective beams is achieved in frames in which the scid building elements constitute separate, prefabricated units. In the simplest case, the attachment elements consist of nails and screws. In more elaborate constructions, however, the attachment elements consist of fittings in the form of so-called beam shoes. Such a shoe can be pre-fitted on either the beam or the pillar before assembly of these elements takes place. When the assembly is then to be carried out, the attachment is already prepared and is effected by the shoe now being joined to the allocated element.

It is a great advantage if this final connection of the two elements can be carried out in as simple and quick a manner as possible. In building frames the elements such as pillars and beams do in fact have a considerable weight and, in addition, the assembly is often to be carried out at such a height that lifting equipment is required. Attachment elements which require that the two building elements are held in a defined position relative- to each other, and at the same time a complicated attach- . ment operation is carried out, therefore result in con— siderable difficulties and, moreover, risks of accidents. _*

However, there are certain difficulties in producing an arrangement for the said assembly, which arrangement really is simple and easy to handle, because such an arrangement in building frames must be designed in such a way as to take up considerable forces during holding of the elements in defined positions. The arrangement must also permit assembly of the elements even in cases of less precise positions of the latter, when the assembly operation is started. As a result of their weight and other circumstances, the elements must in fact usually be handled by means of lifting equipment, which has provided the possibilities of holding in defined positions before assembly.

Technical problem: The aim of the present invention is to provide an arran¬ gement which permits securing of elements such as pillars and beams in a building frame, which arrangement is able to take up the considerable forces which arise in this respect and at the same time permits simple and quick assembly even in cases where there are difficulties in bringing the elements into precise positions.

Solution:

The aim of the invention is achieved by means of the fact that in each attachment element the first half consists of a wedge-shaped body projecting from the element of the pillar or the beam supporting the half in question, which body has an upper, narrower end and a lower, broader end, and sides connecting these ends and extend¬ ing obliquely outwards from the surface of the element, and in the direction outwards from each other, so that the outer surfaces of the sides in a horizontal cross- section form a wedge shape widening outwards from the element, while the second half has a recess in the joining surface of the element, with a lower, downwardly open end whose breadth is adapted to the broader, lower end of the first half, and with a closed upper end whose breadth is adapted to the narrower, upper end of the first half, and with sides between these ends which are adapted to at least partially bear against the sides of the first half.

Description of figures:

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the attached drawings. In the figures. Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a supporting pillar in a building frame with an attachment arrangement, Fig. 2 shows a beam for connec- tion to the said pillar shown in Fig. 1 and in position to be secured to the pillar. Fig. 3 shows, on a larger scale than Figs. 1, 2, a side view of the pillar with the arrangement according to the invention. Fig. 4 shows a • section through the pillar along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 shows, on a larger scale than in Fig. 4, a section along the line V-V in Fig. 4; Fig. 6 shows on a smaller scale a section of a building frame with two pillars and two beams, and Fig. 7 shows a building frame.

Preferred embodiments: According to Fig. 1, a building frame comprises pillars 1 and primary beams 2. Such primary beams are usually suspended on two pillars and can in turn support secon¬ dary beams for which beam shoes 3 can be arranged. If a pillar is situated in the facade of the building, it can also support facade rib beams 4, see Fig. 2. The beam 4 in Fig. 2 is shown at a distance from the pillar 1 and in position for being connected to the latter. Fig. 5 shows more clearly two pillars 1 which are supported by plinths 6. The said primary beams 2 extend between the pillars 1. Fig. 6 shows two primary beams which join the pillars 1 together at two levels and in this case the beams, together with primary beams, can each form part of a double flooring.

A building frame, which is made up in this way of pillars and beams, can of course have a large number of different appearances, and what is shown in the figures represents only parts of such a building frame. Moreover, Figs. 1, 2 show only parts of the elements included: thus, the pillar 1 is cut off at the bottom, and only the ends of the beams 2 and 4 are shown, and the secondary beams which are not concerned in the invention are not shown at all.

As was mentioned in the introduction, the invention relates to the joining together of the pillars and the beams whose ends connect directly with the latter. According to what is shown in Figs. 1 and 2, these beams can be primary beams 2 and in certain cases facade rib beams,- such as beam 4. In this respect there can be a number of different configurations. In the case of the positioning of the pillar as shown in Figs. 1, 2, the primary beam thus extends inwards into the building, while the facade rib beam 4 extends along its facade. In the opposite position to the beam 4 there can be a corresponding beam, but if the pillar is situated in an inner corner, a facade rib beam can instead extend in the opposite direction to the direction of the primary beam 2 shown. Pillars which are situated in the middle of a building generally support four primary beams, which radiate out from the pillar in the form of a cross. In this case the pillar will be provided with attachment arrangements on all four sides, and such a design may be regarded as a normal case. However, attachment arrange¬ ments may be provided on only some of the sides, although only a design is described here which has attachment possibilities for beams on all sides of the pillar 1. Nevertheless, all the said variants which can occur in a building frame will be well known to the person skilled in the art and will therefore not be dealt with in detail here .

The attachment arrangement according to the invention has, for each connection position, in other words on four sides of the pillar and at all the levels where beams are to be connected, a half 8 of an attachment element whose respective other half 9 is situated at the end of the beams 2 and 4 which are to be attached to the pillar. The attachment element is designated in its entirety by 10 and consists of the two halves 8 and 9.

According to Figs. 1-4 the element half 8 consists of a rail with two flanges 12 deflected away from each other in a V-shape, a base 13 connecting the flanges, and an upper end-piece 14. In their longitudinal direction, that is to say in the vertical direction of the pillar, the flanges 12 converge towards each other in an upward direction so that, seen from the side, the element half has a wedge shape. According to Fig. 3, when the pillar. 1 is of steel, the element half advantageously consists of a punched-out and bent panel, which^' has been welded onto the pillar. The end-piece 14 can be welded onto the main part of the element half or bent in over the latter from the same piece of material.

The element halves 9 belonging to the beams have an outer wall 16 in which there is a wedge-shaped opening 17 whose edges are situated at such a distance from each other that they can engage over the inner part of the flanges 12 where they are nearest each other. The opening 17 is freely open at the bottom, while its upper part is closed by means of a transverse edge 18. The length of this transverse edge, in other words the distance between the sides of the opening 17 at this point, is identical to or slightly greater than the distance between the flanges 12 at the narrowest point, which is thus flush with the plate 14. The wall 16 with the opening 17 is therefore the main part of the element half 9 and will cooperate with the element half 8. In addition, the element half 9 has parts for attachment to the beam end. in an advantag¬ eous embodiment, which is shown particularly in Fig. 2, the wall 16 forms the web of a ϋ-shaped profile, which additionally consists of flanges 19. These flanges are provided with holes 20 and are designed to surround the . end of the beam 4 and to be secured on this by means of screws or bolts through the holes 20. This design is well suited to beams made of wood. However, this design can also be used for beams made of steel. The beam 2 is shown as consisting of two TJ-profiles 21 between whose flanges a U-shaped element half 9 is inserted and secured, for example by means of welding. Thus, in addition to forming part of the attachment element 10, the element half here also forms a spacing element between the profiles 21.

Fig. 4 shows an element half 9 in section and secured on one of the element halves 8 belonging to the pillar 1 shown in this figure.

When the beams are to be secured with their ends on the supporting pillars, it is assumed that these elements are pre-fabricated and are provided with the respective halves 8 and 9 of the attachment elements 10. When attachment of a beam 2 on two pillars 1 is to take place, as is shown in Fig. 6, the beam is held with the respec¬ tive ends in front of the pillars, but above the attach- ment position, as is shown with the beam 2 in dotted lines in relation to the pillar 1. The pillars are assumed to be fixed. If the beam is now lowered, in the direction of the arrows 27 as shown in Fig. 6, the wide, downward-directed part of the opening 17 in the wall 16 of the respective element half 9 passes over the nar¬ rower, upper part of the respective element halves 8 of the pillar. At this moment there is a considerable play between the edges of the opening 17 and the upper end of the element half 8, and the two element halves can be brought together even in the case of a less precise position of the beam relative to the pillars. Upon continued lowering, the opening 17 is brought even further in over -the element half 8 and, as a result of the wedge shape, the play becomes less and less. In the final position, the end-edge 18 bears against the end- plate 14, by means of which the beam acquires an exact vertical position. At the same time the edges of the opening 17 have made contact with the flanges 12 of the element halves 8 or have an inconsiderable play in relation to these.

During the fitting, which takes places in the lateral direction (in the up and down direction in relation to Fig. 4), as a result of the flanges 12 widening outwards, the element half 9 is forced in towards the pillar 1 and^' bears against the latter, compare Fig. 4.

After suspending the beam, it has thus acquired, in relation to the supporting pillars, extraordinary control against lateral displacement and turning and has obtained a good connection with the pillar by means of its end pressing against the latter. At the same time, an exact vertical stop has been obtained.

In general it is possible to count on the beams being retained by the weight which loads them. If necessary, however, the beams can be further anchored on the pil¬ lars. For example, holes 22, see Fig. 2, can be arranged so that they are accessible from the inside of the wall 16 for introducing a locking member in a corresponding hole 23, see Fig. 3, in the pillar 1.

Certain modifications of the described embodiment are possible within the scope of the following patent claims, without departing from the inventive concept. Thus, the edges of the opening 17 do not need to be straight, but can be provided with recesses for reducing the bearing surface against the element half 8. "The latter can be designed for detachable securing on the pillars, for example by tight screwing or bolting if the pillars are - 8 -

made of wood. If the beams are to support great weight, several attachment elements can be arranged on the same side of the pillar parallel to each other. The attachment elements 8 and 9, which have been shown here allocated to the pillars and beams respectively, can be interchanged, even if the design shown is a preferred one.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Arrangement for house building frames, which have a number of pillars (1) and beams (2, 4) connecting the pillars, and attachment elements (10) arranged between the pillars and the ends of the beams connecting with the respective pillar, each having two halves (8, 9) of which the first is secured on the respective pillar and the second on the respective beam end, and designed to be joined to each other for said connection of the pillars and beams, characterized in that in each attachment element (10) the first half (8) consists of a wedge- shaped body projecting from the element of the pillar (1) or the beam (2, 4) supporting the half in question, which body has an upper, narrower end and a lower, broader end, and sides (12) connecting these ends and extending obliquely outwards from the surface of the element, and in the direction outwards from each other, so that the outer surfaces of the sides in a horizontal cross-section form a wedge shape widening outwards from the element, while the second half (9) has a recess (17) in the joining surface (16) of the element, with a lower, down¬ wardly open end whose breadth is adapted to the broader, lower end of the first half, and with a closed upper end whose breadth is adapted to the narrower, upper end of the first half, and sides between these ends which are adapted to at least partially bear against the sides of the first half.

2. Arrangement according to Patent Claim 1, charac¬ terized in that the second half (9) allocated to the beams (2, 4) is formed by a U-shaped profile whose web with its outside forms the said joining surface (16) of the element, and whose flanges are arranged to extend along the lengthwise sides of the beam and are designed for securing on the beam, in which respect the recess consists of an opening (17) in the web.

3. Arrangement according to Patent Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first half (8) has an end-piece (14) with an upper, upward-directed surface, and in that the recess (17) in the second half (9) has a transverse, upper end-surface (18) which is designed to bear against the upper end-surface of the first half, and in that the outer sides of the body, at its inner narrower part, are situated close to or in contact with the sides of the recess (17) .