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WO1989001256A1 - Electric power supply device with regulated alternating-current voltage output - Google Patents

Electric power supply device with regulated alternating-current voltage output Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989001256A1
WO1989001256A1 PCT/FR1988/000405 FR8800405W WO8901256A1 WO 1989001256 A1 WO1989001256 A1 WO 1989001256A1 FR 8800405 W FR8800405 W FR 8800405W WO 8901256 A1 WO8901256 A1 WO 8901256A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
circuit
transformer
distribution network
linear regulator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1988/000405
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Edouard Serras-Paulet
Original Assignee
Merrillton Corporation N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merrillton Corporation N.V. filed Critical Merrillton Corporation N.V.
Publication of WO1989001256A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989001256A1/en

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05FSYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/12Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac
    • G05F1/40Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices
    • G05F1/44Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only
    • G05F1/445Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only being transistors in series with the load
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/062Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical supply device with regulated alternating voltage output, comprising a single transformer for connection to an electrical distribution network, and is particularly intended for supplying computer systems, of which it is known that they are very sensitive to a large and / or sudden variation in the voltage of the electrical distribution network.
  • the invention aims to avoid the drawbacks of these known devices, while offering greater reliability and efficiency.
  • an electrical supply device with regulated alternating voltage output, comprising a transformer for connection to an electrical distribution network and means for regulating the output voltage, characterized in that these means include in series a transformer winding and a linear regulator circuit, a control input of which is connected to a circuit generating a variable corrugated voltage setpoint which is synchronous and in phase with the voltage of the distribution network and which varies as the latter with a predetermined attenuation factor, for example equal to 2.
  • the apparatus according to the invention differs from the previously known devices essentially by its simplicity and its excellent performance.
  • the simplicity results in a saving in weight and size and a lowering of the cost price (the apparatus includes only one transformer) and the high value of the yield comes from a significant reduction in losses, due to the fact that the regulated alternating output voltage of the device follows, with a predetermined attenuation, the variations in the voltage of the distribution network.
  • the apparatus makes it possible to supply the computer systems with a voltage the variation of which is plus or minus 5% relative to its nominal value when the variation in voltage of the network is plus or minus 10%, and guarantees therefore the correct functioning of the computer systems, while reducing the losses which are a function of the difference between the network voltage and the voltage supplied. Furthermore, micro-cuts in the distribution network are absorbed by the aforementioned transformer. In the event of a prolonged outage, the invention provides for automatically substituting an auxiliary source of electrical energy, such as an electro-chemical accumulator, for the distribution network.
  • an auxiliary source of electrical energy such as an electro-chemical accumulator
  • the device according to the invention is therefore also characterized in that it comprises means for storing electrical energy, associated with a charging circuit supplied by the distribution network by means of a winding of the transformer, and an inverter comprising a primary winding of said transformer, at the midpoint of which is connected a terminal of the energy storage means, and two contactors operating alternately at a predetermined frequency, mounted between the other terminal of the energy storage means and each end of the aforementioned primary winding.
  • This apparatus also comprises a detector of variation of the voltage of the distribution network, connected to a switch, as well as to a means inhibiting the load circuit and to means for controlling the aforementioned contactors, for actuating them when the network voltage varies beyond predetermined limits compared to its nominal value.
  • the linear regulator connected in series to the transformer winding comprises a diode bridge in the diagonal of which is connected at least one transistor, for example of the MOS or bipolar type.
  • MOS transistors When the power to be treated is large, several MOS transistors are mounted in parallel in the diagonal of the bridge.
  • the circuit generating the setpoint voltage comprises a circuit for producing a stable reference voltage and means for combining this reference voltage with a voltage proportional to the voltage of the distribution network .
  • the means for applying the reference voltage to the input of the control of the linear regulator comprise a photo-coupler, such as for example a photo-transistor associated with a photo-emissive diode.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows the means for controlling the output voltage of the device to the voltage of the electrical distribution network
  • FIG. 4 represents a variant of the circuit of FIG. 3,
  • the device according to the invention comprises a transformer T for connection to an electrical distribution network which delivers an alternating voltage Ve which is for example 220 V at a frequency of 50 Hz
  • the transformer T comprises a primary winding P1 associated with a secondary winding S1 to which a capacitor C is connected in parallel.
  • the secondary winding S1 of the transformer T is connected in series to a linear regulator R comprising a diode bridge 10 in which each diode is mounted in opposition with respect to the neighboring diodes.
  • a MOS transistor 12 is mounted in the diagonal of the diode bridge 10 by its drain and its source, while its gate is connected to the output of a control circuit 14 making it possible to control the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network the output voltage Vs of the device, which is produced between the output of the regulator circuit R and the other end of the primary winding S1 of the transformer.
  • the control circuit 14 comprises a circuit 16 generating a stable alternating reference voltage Vr, which is synchronous and in phase with the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network.
  • a circuit 16 is within the reach of those skilled in the art and comprises for example a pilot oscillator operating at the frequency of the distribution network and a synchronization circuit.
  • the output of circuit 16 is connected to an input of a circuit 18 for producing a setpoint voltage Vc, another input of which receives the voltage Ve from the electrical distribution network, or a voltage proportional to this voltage Ve.
  • the setpoint voltage Vc is rippled and synchronous with the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network, and varies like the latter, with a predetermined attenuation factor which is for example equal to 2, the variations of the setpoint voltage Vc thus being two times less important than the variations of the voltage Ve compared to its nominal value.
  • the setpoint voltage Vc and the output voltage Vs of the device, or a voltage proportional to this output voltage, are applied to the inputs of a circuit 20 for driving the MOS transistor 12 placed in the diagonal of the diode bridge 10
  • the circuit 20 is for example of the type represented in FIG. 2 and comprises an operational amplifier 22 whose inputs receive the set voltage Vc and the output voltage of the device Vs (or a voltage proportional to the latter) and whose the output is connected to the MOS transistor 12 via a photo-coupler 24 comprising a photo-emissive diode 26 associated with a photo-transistor 28 connected to the MOS transistor 12 by an impedance matching circuit, the photo - coupler 24 allowing analog isolation between the control circuit 20 and the MOS transistor 12.
  • the circuit 18 for producing the set voltage Vc is of the type shown in FIG. 3 and then comprises an operational amplifier 30, an input of which is connected on the one hand to the output of the circuit 16 to receive the reference voltage Vr and on the other hand to a controlled inverter 32 to receive the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network, or a voltage proportional to Ve.
  • a feedback loop 34 is provided on the operational amplifier 30, with a gain sufficient for the variations in current not to cause variations in voltage.
  • the setpoint voltage Vc obtained at the output of the operational amplifier 30 is then the summation of the voltages Ve and Vr.
  • the circuit 18 can be as shown in Figure 4 and then includes one. multiplier circuit 36, one input of which receives the stable reference voltage Vr and another input of which receives a continuous signal U which is the sum of a stable continuous signal Ul and a continuous signal U2 representing the mean peak value of the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network.
  • the continuous signal U2 can be produced from the voltage Ve by means of a circuit 38, which can be a peak rectifier circuit without threshold or a rectifier circuit associated with an integrator.
  • the continuous signals U1 and U2 are applied to a semiconductor circuit comprising an operational amplifier 40 and a feedback loop 42, of the same type as in the circuit of FIG. 3.
  • the output of the operational amplifier 40 provides the continuous signal U applied to the multiplier circuit 36 with the stable reference signal Vr, so that the multiplier circuit 36 outputs a reference signal Vc which is proportional to the product of the voltages Vr and U.
  • the apparatus according to the invention also comprises (FIG. 1) an auxiliary source of electrical energy constituted by an electro-chemical accumulator 44 associated with a charging circuit 46 supplied by the network. of electrical distribution by means of a secondary winding S2 of the transformer T and which is dimensioned to ensure the charge of the accumulator 44.
  • a terminal of the latter is connected to the midpoint of a primary winding P2 of the transformer T, whose two ends are each connected to the other terminal of the accumulator 44 by a contactor 48, the two contactors being controlled alternately at a frequency of 50 Hz for example, by a circuit itself controlled by a circuit 50 for detecting variation of the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network.
  • the detector circuit 50 also controls an inhibitor means of the charging circuit 46 and a switch 52 mounted in series in the circuit connecting the transformer T to the electrical distribution network.
  • the two contactors 48 may be transistors controlled to be alternately conductive and blocked, and operating in alternation with each other at a frequency equal to that of the electrical distribution network.
  • the assembly constituted by the accumulator 44, the contactors 48, the primary winding P2 and the secondary winding S1 of the transformer constitutes an inverter delivering square voltage signals to the linear regulator R, which transforms them into an undulated voltage.
  • detector circuit 50 will also control the inverter 32 of FIG. 3.
  • This circuit 50 is intended to limit the admissible variation of the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network to a value which is for example plus or minus 10% relative to its nominal value. For this, different operating modes are possible:
  • the switch 52 When the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network remains within the abovementioned limits, the switch 52 is closed under control of the detection circuit 50, the contactors 48 are open, and the circuit 46 charges the accumulator 44.
  • the voltage produced by the secondary S1 of the transformer T is regulated and subject to slight variations in the voltage Ve of the distribution network, via the linear regulator R whose MOS transistor 12 is controlled by the difference between the output voltage Vs of the device and the setpoint voltage Vc, which is itself produced from the stable reference voltage Vr (synchronous and in phase with the voltage Ve) so that the variations in the setpoint voltage Vc are half that of the voltage Ve.
  • the transformer T as regards its windings P1 and S1, is slightly boosted, of the order of 15%, so as to compensate for the voltage drop produced in the linear regulator R by the MOS transistor 12 which is in fact behaves as a variable resistor as a function of the difference between the output voltage Vs and the setpoint voltage Vc.
  • the micro-cuts likely to appear in the voltage Ve are absorbed by the transformer T.
  • the detection circuit 50 controls the opening of the switch 52, the blocking of the circuit 46 for charging the accumulator 44 and the control of the contactors 48 which constitute with the winding P2 of the transformer T a PUSH-PULL converter which borrows its energy from the accumulator 44 and which operates at a frequency equal to that of the electrical distribution network.
  • the square voltage signals delivered by this converter are transformed by the regulator R into a rippled voltage regulated to the value of the setpoint voltage Vc.
  • Vs The output voltage Vs is regulated and filtered during operation on the electrical distribution network
  • the device does not produce radiated or produced electrical disturbances which would be likely to disturb the operation of computer systems or weak signal processing systems.
  • the variant embodiment shown in FIG. 5 differs from the circuit of FIG. 1 in that the linear regulator R is mounted in series, no longer with the secondary of the transformer, but with the primary.
  • the transistor 12 of the regulator is controlled by a circuit 54 for producing a reference voltage V c from the network voltage Ve and a reference voltage which is preferably synchronous with the voltage Ve.
  • the circuits used for this are of the same type as those of FIGS. 2 to 4, but the output voltage Vs is replaced (for comparison with the setpoint voltage) by the output voltage of the linear regulator R.
  • the charger 46 of the accumulator 44 is supplied by a primary winding P'a of the transformer, under the control of a circuit 56 for comparing the network voltage with a stable reference voltage (which may be the nominal value of network voltage).
  • Diodes 60 are mounted in parallel on the contactors 48, to connect the charger to the primary P2, P'2 of the transformer.
  • the output voltage Vs is produced from the voltage delivered by the inverter, and the regulator R is blocked to avoid any reinjection of voltage on the network.
  • the operation of the charger 46 is also stopped.
  • the network voltage Ve varies little with respect to the stable reference voltage
  • the output voltage Vs is produced from the voltage Ve by the regulator R.
  • the operation of the charger 46 is controlled.
  • the voltage Vs is regulated by the circuit R.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

An electric power supply device with regulated alternating-current voltage output comprises a transformer (T) connected to an electrical distribution network and a linear regulator (R) mounted in series with the secondary winding (S1) of the transformer and controlled by the difference between its output voltage (Vs) and a reference voltage (Vc) which is synchronous and in phase with the voltage (Ve) of the electrical distribution network with which it varies with a predetermined alternation factor, for example equal to 2. The invention is also applicable to power supply devices for computers.

Description

APPAREIL D'ALIMENTATION ELECTRIQUE A SORTIE DE ELECTRICAL SUPPLY APPARATUS WITH OUTPUT
TENSION ALTERNATIVE REGULEE L'invention concerne un appareil d'alimentation électrique à sortie de tension alternative régulée, comprenant un seul transformateur de liaison à un réseau de distribution électrique, et est particulièrement destinée à l'alimentation de systèmes informatiques, dont on sait qu'ils sont très sensibles à une variation importante et/ou brutale de la tension du réseau de distribution électrique.The invention relates to an electrical supply device with regulated alternating voltage output, comprising a single transformer for connection to an electrical distribution network, and is particularly intended for supplying computer systems, of which it is known that they are very sensitive to a large and / or sudden variation in the voltage of the electrical distribution network.
Il est donc impératif de relier un système informatique au réseau de distribution électrique par l'intermédiaire d'un appareil d'alimentation à sortie de tension alternative, qui permet, d'une part, d'absorber les variations de tension et les micro-coupures du réseau et, d'autre part, d'alimenter le système informatique en cas de coupure prolongée du réseau de distribution électrique. On a déjà proposé pour cela des appareils comprenant des transformateurs du type ferro-résonnant, ou des onduleurs alimentés par un redresseur et associés à un accumulateur électro-chimique, des onduleurs du type à découpage, ou encore des systèmes à commutation permettant de passer sur une source auxiliaire d'énergie telle qu'un accumulateur électro-chimique, en cas de coupure du réseau de distribution.It is therefore imperative to connect a computer system to the electrical distribution network by means of a supply device with alternating voltage output, which allows, on the one hand, to absorb voltage variations and micro- network outages and, on the other hand, to supply the computer system in the event of a prolonged outage of the electrical distribution network. Devices have already been proposed for this, comprising ferro-resonant type transformers, or inverters supplied by a rectifier and associated with an electro-chemical accumulator, switching type inverters, or alternatively switching systems making it possible to switch on an auxiliary source of energy such as an electro-chemical accumulator, in the event of a cut in the distribution network.
Tous ces dispositifs connus ont leurs inconvénients propres : poids et encombrement importants, génération de perturbations rayonnées ou conduites, mauvaise stabilisation de la tension alternative délivrée, rendement faible, prix élevé.All of these known devices have their own drawbacks: significant weight and size, generation of radiated or conducted disturbances, poor stabilization of the AC voltage delivered, low efficiency, high price.
L'invention vise à éviter les inconvénients de ces dispositifs connus, tout en offrant une fiabilité et une efficacité supérieure.The invention aims to avoid the drawbacks of these known devices, while offering greater reliability and efficiency.
Elle propose à cet effet, un appareil d'alimentation électrique à sortie de tension alternative régulée, comprenant un transformateur de liaison à un réseau de distribution électrique et des moyens de régulation de la tension de sortie, caractérisé en ce que ces moyens comprennent en série, un enroulement du transformateur et un circuit régulateur linéaire, dont une entrée de commande est connectée à un circuit générateur d'une tension ondulée variable de consigne qui est synchrone et en phase avec la tension du réseau de distribution et qui varie comme cette dernière avec un facteur d'atténuation prédéterminé, par exemple égal à 2.To this end, it offers an electrical supply device with regulated alternating voltage output, comprising a transformer for connection to an electrical distribution network and means for regulating the output voltage, characterized in that these means include in series a transformer winding and a linear regulator circuit, a control input of which is connected to a circuit generating a variable corrugated voltage setpoint which is synchronous and in phase with the voltage of the distribution network and which varies as the latter with a predetermined attenuation factor, for example equal to 2.
L'appareil selon l'invention se distingue des dispositifs connus antérieurement essentiellement par sa simplicité et son rendement excellent. La simplicité se traduit par un gain de poids et d'encombrement et un abaissement du prix de revient (l'appareil ne comprend qu'un transformateur) et la valeur élevée du rendement vient d'une réduction importante des pertes, due au fait que la tension alternative régulée de sortie de l'appareil suit, avec une atténuation prédéterminée, les variations de la tension du réseau de distribution.The apparatus according to the invention differs from the previously known devices essentially by its simplicity and its excellent performance. The simplicity results in a saving in weight and size and a lowering of the cost price (the apparatus includes only one transformer) and the high value of the yield comes from a significant reduction in losses, due to the fact that the regulated alternating output voltage of the device follows, with a predetermined attenuation, the variations in the voltage of the distribution network.
On sait qu'en général, les systèmes informatiques sont conçus pour fonctionner avec une tension d'alimentation dont la valeur peut varier de plus ou moins 10 % par rapport à sa valeur nominale. L'appareil selon l'invention permet d'alimenter les systèmes informatiques avec une tension dont la variation est de plus ou moins 5 % par rapport a sa valeur nominale lorsque la variation de tension du réseau est de plus ou moins 10 %, et garantit donc le fonctionnement correct des systèmes informatiques, tout en réduisant les pertes qui sont fonction de la différence entre la tension du réseau et la tension délivrée. Par ailleurs, les micro-coupures du réseau de distribution sont absorbées par le transformateur précité. En cas de coupure prolongée, l'invention prévoit de substituer automatiquement une source auxiliaire d'énergie électrique, telle qu'un accumulateur électro-chimique, au réseau de distribution. L'appareil selon l'invention est donc caractérisé également en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de stockage d'énergie électrique, associés à un circuit de charge alimenté par le réseau de distribution au moyen d'un enroulement du transformateur, et un onduleur comprenant un enroulement primaire dudit transformateur, au point milieu duquel est reliée une borne des moyens de stockage d'énergie, et deux contacteurs fonctionnant en alternance à une fréquence prédéterminée, montés entre l'autre borne des moyens de stockage d'énergie et chaque extrémité de l'enroulement primaire précité.We know that in general, computer systems are designed to operate with a supply voltage whose value can vary by plus or minus 10% compared to its nominal value. The apparatus according to the invention makes it possible to supply the computer systems with a voltage the variation of which is plus or minus 5% relative to its nominal value when the variation in voltage of the network is plus or minus 10%, and guarantees therefore the correct functioning of the computer systems, while reducing the losses which are a function of the difference between the network voltage and the voltage supplied. Furthermore, micro-cuts in the distribution network are absorbed by the aforementioned transformer. In the event of a prolonged outage, the invention provides for automatically substituting an auxiliary source of electrical energy, such as an electro-chemical accumulator, for the distribution network. The device according to the invention is therefore also characterized in that it comprises means for storing electrical energy, associated with a charging circuit supplied by the distribution network by means of a winding of the transformer, and an inverter comprising a primary winding of said transformer, at the midpoint of which is connected a terminal of the energy storage means, and two contactors operating alternately at a predetermined frequency, mounted between the other terminal of the energy storage means and each end of the aforementioned primary winding.
Cet appareil comprend également un détecteur de variation de la tension du réseau de distribution, connecté à un interrupteur, ainsi qu'à un moyen inhibiteur du circuit de charge et à des moyens de commande des contacteurs précités, pour les actionner lorsque la tension du réseau varie au-delà de limites prédéterminées par rapport à sa valeur nominale.This apparatus also comprises a detector of variation of the voltage of the distribution network, connected to a switch, as well as to a means inhibiting the load circuit and to means for controlling the aforementioned contactors, for actuating them when the network voltage varies beyond predetermined limits compared to its nominal value.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le régulateur linéaire relié en série à l'enroulement du transformateur, comprend un pont de diodes dans la diagonale duquel est connecté au moins un transistor par exemple du type MOS ou bipolaire.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the linear regulator connected in series to the transformer winding, comprises a diode bridge in the diagonal of which is connected at least one transistor, for example of the MOS or bipolar type.
Lorsque la puissance à traiter est importante, plusieurs transistors MOS sont montés en parallèle dans la diagonale du pont.When the power to be treated is large, several MOS transistors are mounted in parallel in the diagonal of the bridge.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le circuit générateur de la tension de consigne comprend un circuit de production d'une tension stable de référence et des moyens de combinaison de cette tension de référence avec une tension proportionnelle à la tension du réseau de distribution.According to another characteristic of the invention, the circuit generating the setpoint voltage comprises a circuit for producing a stable reference voltage and means for combining this reference voltage with a voltage proportional to the voltage of the distribution network .
De préférence, les moyens d'application de la tension de consigne à l'entrée de la commande du régulateur linéaire comprennent un photo-coupleur, tel par exemple qu'un photo-transistor associé à une diode photo-émissive.Preferably, the means for applying the reference voltage to the input of the control of the linear regulator comprise a photo-coupler, such as for example a photo-transistor associated with a photo-emissive diode.
L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres détails, caractéristiques et avantages de celle-ci ressortiront plus clairement à la lecture de la description explicative qui suit, faite à titre d'exemple en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :The invention will be better understood and other details, characteristics and advantages thereof will emerge more clearly on reading the explanatory description which follows, given by way of example with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- la figure 1 représente schématiquement un appareil selon l'invention ;- Figure 1 schematically shows an apparatus according to the invention;
- la figure 2 représente schématiquement les moyens d'asservissement de la tension de sortie de l'appareil à la tension du réseau de distribution électrique ;- Figure 2 schematically shows the means for controlling the output voltage of the device to the voltage of the electrical distribution network;
- la figure 3 représente schématiquement les moyens de production de la tension de consigne ;- Figure 3 shows schematically the means for producing the setpoint voltage;
- la figure 4 représente une variante du circuit de la figure 3,FIG. 4 represents a variant of the circuit of FIG. 3,
- la figure 5 représente une variante de réalisation de l'appareil- Figure 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the device
On se réfère d'abord à la figure 1 dans laquelle l'appareil selon l'invention comprend un transformateur T de raccordement à un réseau de distribution électrique qui délivre une tension alternative Ve qui est par exemple de 220 V à une fréquence de 50 Hz. Le transformateur T comprend un enroulement primaire P1 associé à un enroulement secondaire S1 sur lequel est connecté en parallèle un condensateur C. L'enroulement secondaire S1 du transformateur T est relié en série à un régulateur linéaire R comprenant un pont de diodes 10 dans lequel chaque diode est montée en opposition par rapport aux diodes voisines. Un transistor MOS 12 est monté dans la diagonale du pont de diodes 10 par son drain et sa source, tandis que sa porte est reliée à la sortie d'un circuit de commande 14 permettant d'asservir à la tension Ve du réseau de distribution électrique la tension Vs de sortie de l'appareil, qui est produite entre la sortie du circuit régulateur R et l'autre extrémité de l'enroulement primaire S1 du transformateur.Reference is first made to FIG. 1 in which the device according to the invention comprises a transformer T for connection to an electrical distribution network which delivers an alternating voltage Ve which is for example 220 V at a frequency of 50 Hz The transformer T comprises a primary winding P1 associated with a secondary winding S1 to which a capacitor C is connected in parallel. The secondary winding S1 of the transformer T is connected in series to a linear regulator R comprising a diode bridge 10 in which each diode is mounted in opposition with respect to the neighboring diodes. A MOS transistor 12 is mounted in the diagonal of the diode bridge 10 by its drain and its source, while its gate is connected to the output of a control circuit 14 making it possible to control the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network the output voltage Vs of the device, which is produced between the output of the regulator circuit R and the other end of the primary winding S1 of the transformer.
Le circuit de commande 14 comprend un circuit 16 générant une tension alternative stable de référence Vr, qui est synchrone et en phase avec la tension Ve du réseau de distribution électrique. Un tel circuit 16 est à la portée de l'homme du métier et comprend par exemple un oscillateur pilote fonctionnant à la fréquence du réseau de distribution et un circuit de synchronisation.The control circuit 14 comprises a circuit 16 generating a stable alternating reference voltage Vr, which is synchronous and in phase with the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network. Such a circuit 16 is within the reach of those skilled in the art and comprises for example a pilot oscillator operating at the frequency of the distribution network and a synchronization circuit.
La sortie du circuit 16 est reliée à une entrée d'un circuit 18 de production d'une tension de consigne Vc, dont une autre entrée reçoit la tension Ve du réseau de distribution électrique, ou une tension proportionnelle à cette tension Ve. La tension de consigne Vc est ondulée et synchrone avec la tension Ve du réseau de distribution électrique, et varie comme cette dernière, avec un facteur d'atténuation prédéterminé qui est par exemple égal à 2, les variations de la tension de consigne Vc étant ainsi deux fois moins importantes que les variations de la tension Ve par rapport à sa valeur nominale. La tension de consigne Vc et la tension de sortie Vs de l'appareil, ou une tension proportionnelle à cette tension de sortie, sont appliquées aux entrées d'un circuit 20 de pilotage du transistor MOS 12 placé dans la diagonale du pont de diodes 10. Le circuit 20 est par exemple du type représenté en figure 2 et comprend un amplificateur opérationnel 22 dont les entrées reçoivent la tension de consigne Vc et la tension de sortie de l'appareil Vs (ou une tension proportionnelle à celle-ci) et dont la sortie est reliée au transistor MOS 12 par l'intermédiaire d'un photo-coupleur 24 comprenant une diode photo-émissive 26 associée à un photo-transistor 28 connecté au transistor MOS 12 par un circuit d'adaptation d'impédance, le photo- coupleur 24 permettant une isolation analogique entre le circuit de commande 20 et le transistor MOS 12. Le circuit 18 de production de la tension de consigne Vc est du type représenté en figure 3 et comprend alors un amplificateur opérationnel 30 dont une entrée est reliée d' une part à la sortie du circuit 16 pour recevoir la tension de référence Vr et d'autre part à un inverseur commandé 32 pour recevoir la tension Ve du réseau de distribution électrique, ou une tension proportionnelle à Ve. Une boucle de contre-réaction 34 est prévue sur l'amplificateur opérationnel 30, avec un gain suffisant pour que les variations de courant n'entraînent pas de variations de tension. La tension de consigne Vc obtenue en sortie de l'amplificateur opérationnel 30 est alors la sommation des tensions Ve et Vr.The output of circuit 16 is connected to an input of a circuit 18 for producing a setpoint voltage Vc, another input of which receives the voltage Ve from the electrical distribution network, or a voltage proportional to this voltage Ve. The setpoint voltage Vc is rippled and synchronous with the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network, and varies like the latter, with a predetermined attenuation factor which is for example equal to 2, the variations of the setpoint voltage Vc thus being two times less important than the variations of the voltage Ve compared to its nominal value. The setpoint voltage Vc and the output voltage Vs of the device, or a voltage proportional to this output voltage, are applied to the inputs of a circuit 20 for driving the MOS transistor 12 placed in the diagonal of the diode bridge 10 The circuit 20 is for example of the type represented in FIG. 2 and comprises an operational amplifier 22 whose inputs receive the set voltage Vc and the output voltage of the device Vs (or a voltage proportional to the latter) and whose the output is connected to the MOS transistor 12 via a photo-coupler 24 comprising a photo-emissive diode 26 associated with a photo-transistor 28 connected to the MOS transistor 12 by an impedance matching circuit, the photo - coupler 24 allowing analog isolation between the control circuit 20 and the MOS transistor 12. The circuit 18 for producing the set voltage Vc is of the type shown in FIG. 3 and then comprises an operational amplifier 30, an input of which is connected on the one hand to the output of the circuit 16 to receive the reference voltage Vr and on the other hand to a controlled inverter 32 to receive the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network, or a voltage proportional to Ve. A feedback loop 34 is provided on the operational amplifier 30, with a gain sufficient for the variations in current not to cause variations in voltage. The setpoint voltage Vc obtained at the output of the operational amplifier 30 is then the summation of the voltages Ve and Vr.
En variante, le circuit 18 peut être comme représenté en figure 4 et comprend alors un. circuit multiplieur 36 dont une entrée reçoit la tension stable de référence Vr et dont une autre entrée reçoit un signal continu U qui est la somme d'un signal continu stable Ul et d'un signal continu U2 représentant la valeur moyenne de crête de la tension Ve du réseau de distribution électrique. Le signal continu U2 peut être produit à partir de la tension Ve au moyen d'un circuit 38, qui peut être un circuit redresseur de crête sans seuil ou un circuit redresseur associé à un intégrateur. Les signaux continus U1 et U2 sont appliqués à un circuit sαmmateur comprenant un amplificateur opérationnel 40 et une boucle de réaction 42, du même type que dans le circuit de la figure 3. La sortie de l'amplificateur opérationnel 40 fournit le signal continu U appliqué au circuit multiplieur 36 avec le signal stable de référence Vr, de sorte que le circuit multiplieur 36 fournit en sortie un signal de consigne Vc qui est proportionnel au produit des tensions Vr et U.Alternatively, the circuit 18 can be as shown in Figure 4 and then includes one. multiplier circuit 36, one input of which receives the stable reference voltage Vr and another input of which receives a continuous signal U which is the sum of a stable continuous signal Ul and a continuous signal U2 representing the mean peak value of the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network. The continuous signal U2 can be produced from the voltage Ve by means of a circuit 38, which can be a peak rectifier circuit without threshold or a rectifier circuit associated with an integrator. The continuous signals U1 and U2 are applied to a semiconductor circuit comprising an operational amplifier 40 and a feedback loop 42, of the same type as in the circuit of FIG. 3. The output of the operational amplifier 40 provides the continuous signal U applied to the multiplier circuit 36 with the stable reference signal Vr, so that the multiplier circuit 36 outputs a reference signal Vc which is proportional to the product of the voltages Vr and U.
Par ailleurs, l'appareil selon l'invention comprend également (figure 1) une source auxiliaire d'énergie électrique constituée par un accumulateur électro-chimique 44 associé à un circuit de charge 46 alimenté par le réseau de distribution électrique au moyen d'un enroulement secondaire S2 du transformateur T et qui est dimensionné pour assurer la charge de l'accumulateur 44. Une borne de ce dernier est connectée au point milieu d'un enroulement primaire P2 du transformateur T, dont les deux extrémités sont reliées chacune à l'autre borne de l'accumulateur 44 par un contacteur 48, les deux contacteurs étant commandés en alternance à une fréquence de 50 Hz par exemple, par un circuit lui-même commandé par un circuit 50 de détection de variation de la tension Ve du réseau de distribution électrique. Le circuit détecteur 50 commande également un moyen inhibiteur du circuit de charge 46 et un interrupteur 52 monté en série dans le circuit de liaison du transformateur T au réseau de distribution électrique. Les deux contacteurs 48 peuvent être des transistors commandés pour être alternativement conducteurs et bloqués, et fonctionnant en alternance l'un avec l'autre à une fréquence égale à celle du réseau de distribution électrique. L'ensemble constitué par l'accumulateur 44, les contacteurs 48, l'enroulement primaire P2 et l'enroulement secondaire S1 du transformateur constitue un onduleur délivrant des signaux de tension carrée au régulateur linéaire R, qui les transforme en une tension ondulée.Furthermore, the apparatus according to the invention also comprises (FIG. 1) an auxiliary source of electrical energy constituted by an electro-chemical accumulator 44 associated with a charging circuit 46 supplied by the network. of electrical distribution by means of a secondary winding S2 of the transformer T and which is dimensioned to ensure the charge of the accumulator 44. A terminal of the latter is connected to the midpoint of a primary winding P2 of the transformer T, whose two ends are each connected to the other terminal of the accumulator 44 by a contactor 48, the two contactors being controlled alternately at a frequency of 50 Hz for example, by a circuit itself controlled by a circuit 50 for detecting variation of the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network. The detector circuit 50 also controls an inhibitor means of the charging circuit 46 and a switch 52 mounted in series in the circuit connecting the transformer T to the electrical distribution network. The two contactors 48 may be transistors controlled to be alternately conductive and blocked, and operating in alternation with each other at a frequency equal to that of the electrical distribution network. The assembly constituted by the accumulator 44, the contactors 48, the primary winding P2 and the secondary winding S1 of the transformer constitutes an inverter delivering square voltage signals to the linear regulator R, which transforms them into an undulated voltage.
On comprend que le circuit détecteur 50 va également commander l'inverseur 32 de la figure 3.It is understood that the detector circuit 50 will also control the inverter 32 of FIG. 3.
Ce circuit 50 est destiné à limiter la variation admissible de la tension Ve du réseau de distribution électrique à une valeur qui est par exemple de plus ou moins 10 % par rapport a sa valeur nominale. Pour cela, différents modes opératoires sont possibles :This circuit 50 is intended to limit the admissible variation of the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network to a value which is for example plus or minus 10% relative to its nominal value. For this, different operating modes are possible:
- on peut comparer une tension ondulée redressée de référence à la tension Ve redressée ;- a corrected reference corrugated voltage can be compared to the rectified voltage Ve;
- ou bien comparer la tension ondulée Ve non redressée à deux tensions ondulées de référence représentant les limites supérieure et inférieure admissibles de variation de la tension Ve.- or compare the undulated undulated voltage Ve to two reference undulated voltages representing the upper and lower admissible limits of variation of the voltage Ve.
La réalisation d'un tel circuit de détection est à la portée de l'homme du métier, et il importe uniquement de signaler que ce circuit doit être rapide, avec un temps de réponse inférieur à une milli-secαnde.The realization of such a detection circuit is within the reach of those skilled in the art, and it is only important to point out that this circuit must be rapid, with a response time of less than one millisecond.
Le fonctionnement de l'appareil qui vient d'être décrit est le suivant :The operation of the device which has just been described is as follows:
Lorsque la tension Ve du réseau de distribution électrique reste dans les limites précitées, l'interrupteur 52 est fermé sous commande du circuit de détection 50, les contacteurs 48 sont ouverts, et le circuit 46 charge l'accumulateur 44. La tension produite par le secondaire S1 du transformateur T est régulée et asservie aux faibles variations de la tension Ve du réseau de distribution, par l'intermédiaire du régulateur linéaire R dont le transistor MOS 12 est piloté par la différence entre la tension de sortie Vs de l'appareil et la tension de consigne Vc, qui est elle-même produite à partir de la tension de référence stable Vr (synchrone et en phase avec la tension Ve) de telle sorte que les variations de la tension de consigne Vc soient de moitié inférieures à celles de la tension Ve. On limite ainsi les pertes dans le redresseur linéaire R et le rendement global de l'appareil atteint une valeur de 85 % pour la valeur nominale de la tension Ve. On notera que le transformateur T, pour ce qui concerne ses enroulements P1 et S1, est légèrement survolteur, de l'ordre de 15 %, de façon à compenser la chute de tension produite dans le régulateur linéaire R par le transistor MOS 12 qui se comporte en fait comme une résistance variable en fonction de la différence entre la tension de sortie Vs et la tension de consigne Vc.When the voltage Ve of the electrical distribution network remains within the abovementioned limits, the switch 52 is closed under control of the detection circuit 50, the contactors 48 are open, and the circuit 46 charges the accumulator 44. The voltage produced by the secondary S1 of the transformer T is regulated and subject to slight variations in the voltage Ve of the distribution network, via the linear regulator R whose MOS transistor 12 is controlled by the difference between the output voltage Vs of the device and the setpoint voltage Vc, which is itself produced from the stable reference voltage Vr (synchronous and in phase with the voltage Ve) so that the variations in the setpoint voltage Vc are half that of the voltage Ve. This limits losses in the linear rectifier R and the overall efficiency of the device reaches a value of 85% for the nominal value of the voltage Ve. It will be noted that the transformer T, as regards its windings P1 and S1, is slightly boosted, of the order of 15%, so as to compensate for the voltage drop produced in the linear regulator R by the MOS transistor 12 which is in fact behaves as a variable resistor as a function of the difference between the output voltage Vs and the setpoint voltage Vc.
Les micro-coupures susceptibles d'apparaître dans la tension Ve sont absorbées par le transformateur T.The micro-cuts likely to appear in the voltage Ve are absorbed by the transformer T.
Lorsque la variation de la tension d'entrée Ve dépasse les valeurs limites prédéterminées, au bien en cas de coupure prolongée du réseau de distribution électrique, le circuit de détection 50 commande l'ouverture de l'interrupteur 52, le blocage du circuit 46 de charge de l'accumulateur 44 et la commande des contacteurs 48 qui constituent avec l'enroulement P2 du transformateur T un convertisseur PUSH-PULL qui emprunte son énergie à l'accumulateur 44 et qui fonctionne à une fréquence égale à celle du réseau de distribution électrique. Les signaux de tension carrée délivrés par ce convertisseur sont transformés par le régulateur R en une tension ondulée régulée à la valeur de la tension de consigne Vc.When the variation of the input voltage Ve exceeds the predetermined limit values, good in case of prolonged interruption of the electrical distribution network, the detection circuit 50 controls the opening of the switch 52, the blocking of the circuit 46 for charging the accumulator 44 and the control of the contactors 48 which constitute with the winding P2 of the transformer T a PUSH-PULL converter which borrows its energy from the accumulator 44 and which operates at a frequency equal to that of the electrical distribution network. The square voltage signals delivered by this converter are transformed by the regulator R into a rippled voltage regulated to the value of the setpoint voltage Vc.
L'appareil selon l'invention présente notamment les avantages suivants :The apparatus according to the invention has the following advantages in particular:
- Il ne comprend qu'un transformateur, ce qui se traduit par un gain de poids et de vol ume ;- It only includes a transformer, which results in weight gain and vol ume;
- I l a un rendement élevé (80 à 35 % en fonctionnement sur le réseau de distribution électrique et de l'ordre de 50 % en fonctionnement sur l'accumulateur 44) ;- It has a high efficiency (80 to 35% in operation on the electrical distribution network and of the order of 50% in operation on the accumulator 44);
- Il a une très bonne fiabilité ; - La tension de sortie Vs est régulée et filtrée en fonctionnement sur le réseau de distribution électrique ;- It has very good reliability; - The output voltage Vs is regulated and filtered during operation on the electrical distribution network;
- L'appareil ne produit pas de perturbations électriques rayαnnées ou produites qui seraient susceptibles de perturber le fonctionnement de systèmes informatiques ou de systèmes de traitement de signaux faibles.- The device does not produce radiated or produced electrical disturbances which would be likely to disturb the operation of computer systems or weak signal processing systems.
La variante de réalisation représentée en figure 5 diffère du circuit de la figure 1 en ce que le régulateur linéaire R est monté en série, non plus avec le secondaire du transformateur, mais avec le primaire. Comme précédemment, le transistor 12 du régulateur est commandé par un circuit 54 de production d'une tension de consigne Vc à partir de la tension Ve du réseau et d'une tension de référence qui est de préférence synchrone avec la tension Ve. Les circuits utilisés pour cela sont du même type que ceux des figures 2 à 4, mais la tension de sortie Vs est remplacée (pour comparaison à la tension de consigne) par la tension de sortie du régulateur linéaire R.The variant embodiment shown in FIG. 5 differs from the circuit of FIG. 1 in that the linear regulator R is mounted in series, no longer with the secondary of the transformer, but with the primary. As before, the transistor 12 of the regulator is controlled by a circuit 54 for producing a reference voltage V c from the network voltage Ve and a reference voltage which is preferably synchronous with the voltage Ve. The circuits used for this are of the same type as those of FIGS. 2 to 4, but the output voltage Vs is replaced (for comparison with the setpoint voltage) by the output voltage of the linear regulator R.
Le chargeur 46 de l'accumulateur 44 est alimenté par un enroulement primaire P'a du transformateur, sous com- mande d'un circuit 56 de comparaison de la tension du réseau à une tension stable de référence (qui peut être la valeur nominale de la tension réseau).The charger 46 of the accumulator 44 is supplied by a primary winding P'a of the transformer, under the control of a circuit 56 for comparing the network voltage with a stable reference voltage (which may be the nominal value of network voltage).
Un circuit 58 monté sur la sortie du circuit 54, commande par comparaison de la tension du réseau à la tension de référence, soit le fonctionnement de l'onduleur, soit celui du régulateur R.A circuit 58 mounted on the output of circuit 54, controls the comparison of the grid voltage with the reference voltage, either the operation of the inverter or that of the regulator R.
Des diodes 60 sont montées en parallèle sur les contacteurs 48, pour relier le chargeur au primaire P2, P'2 du transformateur. Quand la variation de Ve par rapport à la tension stable de référence dépasse une valeur prédéterminée, la tension de sortie Vs est produite à partir de la tension délivrée par l'onduleur, et le régulateur R est bloqué pour éviter toute réinjection de tension sur le réseau. Le fonctionnement du chargeur 46 est également arrêté. Lorsque la tension du réseau Ve varie peu par rapport à la tension stable de référence, la tension de sortie Vs est produite à partir de la tension Ve par le régulateur R. Le fonctionnement du chargeur 46 est commandé. Lorsque la charge alimentée par la tension Vs est purement résistive, la tension Vs est régulée par le circuit R. Lorsque cette charge est réactive, la puissance réactive qu'elle développe est absorbée par le chargeur 46, à l'aide des diodes 60 montées en parallèle sur les contacteurs 48 de l'onduleur. Dans le cas où l'énergie réactive est importante, il est souhaitable de monter, en parallèle sur l'enroulement P1, un second régulateur linéaire R', du même type que le premier et commandé comme celui-ci qui dissipera la totalité de l'énergie réactive fournie par la charge, sans altérer la forme de la tension Vs. Il en résulte les avantages suivants :Diodes 60 are mounted in parallel on the contactors 48, to connect the charger to the primary P2, P'2 of the transformer. When the variation of Ve with respect to the stable reference voltage exceeds a predetermined value, the output voltage Vs is produced from the voltage delivered by the inverter, and the regulator R is blocked to avoid any reinjection of voltage on the network. The operation of the charger 46 is also stopped. When the network voltage Ve varies little with respect to the stable reference voltage, the output voltage Vs is produced from the voltage Ve by the regulator R. The operation of the charger 46 is controlled. When the load supplied by the voltage Vs is purely resistive, the voltage Vs is regulated by the circuit R. When this load is reactive, the reactive power which it develops is absorbed by the charger 46, using diodes 60 mounted in parallel on the contactors 48 of the inverter. In the case where the reactive energy is important, it is desirable to mount, in parallel on the winding P1, a second linear regulator R ', of the same type as the first and controlled like this which will dissipate all of the reactive energy supplied by the load, without altering the form of the voltage Vs. The following advantages result:
- le rendement en fonctionnement sur le réseau est élevé (80 %) ,- the operating efficiency on the network is high (80%),
- la puissance réactive développée par la charge est absorbée,- the reactive power developed by the load is absorbed,
- l'isolement de la sortie par rapport au réseau est renforcé (pas de contre-réaction du secondaire sur le primaire pour la régulation),- the isolation of the output from the network is reinforced (no feedback from the secondary to the primary for regulation),
- le fonctionnement sur l'accumulateur a un rendement élevé de l'ordre de 65 % (la tension fournie par l'onduleur ne passe pas par le régulateur linéaire). - operation on the accumulator has a high efficiency of around 65% (the voltage supplied by the inverter does not pass through the linear regulator).

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Appareil d'alimentation électrique à sortie de tension alternative régulée, comprenant un transformateur (T) de liaison à un réseau de distribution électrique, et des moyens de régulation de la tension de sortie (Vs), caractérisé en ce que ces moyens comprennent, en série, un enroulement (P1 ; S1) du transformateur et un régulateur linéaire (R) dont une entrée de commande est connectée à un circuit (18 ; 54) générateur d'une tension ondulée variable de consigne (Vc) qui est synchrone et est en phase avec la tension (Ve) du réseau de distribution et qui varie comme cette dernière avec un facteur d'atténuation prédéterminé, par exemple égal à 2. 1. Electric power supply device with regulated alternating voltage output, comprising a transformer (T) for connection to an electrical distribution network, and means for regulating the output voltage (Vs), characterized in that these means comprise , in series, a winding (P1; S1) of the transformer and a linear regulator (R), a control input of which is connected to a circuit (18; 54) which generates a variable reference corrugated voltage (Vc) which is synchronous and is in phase with the voltage (Ve) of the distribution network and which varies like the latter with a predetermined attenuation factor, for example equal to 2.
2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le régulateur linéaire (R) comprend un pont de diodes (10) dans la diagonale duquel est connecté au moins un transistor (12), par exemple du type MOS ou bipolaire.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear regulator (R) comprises a diode bridge (10) in the diagonal of which is connected at least one transistor (12), for example of the MOS or bipolar type.
3. Appareil selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une boucle de contreréaction entre la sortie du régulateur linéaire (R) et son entrée de commande.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a feedback loop between the output of the linear regulator (R) and its control input.
4. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le circuit (18) générateur de la tension de consigne comprend un circuit (16) de production d'une tension stable de référence (Vr) et des moyens de combinaison de cette tension de référence avec une tension égale ou proportionnelle à la tension (Ve) du réseau de distribution. 4. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circuit (18) generating the setpoint voltage comprises a circuit (16) for producing a stable reference voltage (Vr) and means for combining this reference voltage with a voltage equal to or proportional to the voltage (Ve) of the distribution network.
5. Appareil selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de combinaison comprennent un circuit sommateur (30, 34).5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the combining means comprise a summing circuit (30, 34).
6. Appareil selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de combinaison comprennent un circuit multiplieur (36), dont une entrée reçoit la tension stable de référence (Vr) et dont une autre entrée est reliée à un circuit de production d'un signal continu6. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the combining means comprise a multiplier circuit (36), one input of which receives the stable reference voltage (Vr) and one of which another input is connected to a circuit producing a continuous signal
(ϋ) fonction de la valeur moyenne de crête de la tension(ϋ) function of the mean peak voltage value
(Ve) du réseau d'alimentation.(Ve) from the supply network.
7. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la tension de consigne (Vc) est appliquée à l'entrée de commande du régulateur linéaire (R) par un photo-coupleur (24).7. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the reference voltage (Vc) is applied to the control input of the linear regulator (R) by a photo-coupler (24).
8. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend également des moyens (44) de stockage d'énergie électrique, associés à un circuit de charge (46) alimenté par le réseau de distribution au moyen d'un enroulement (P'2 ; S2) du transformateur, au point milieu duquel est reliée une borne desdits moyens (44) de stockage d'énergie, et deux contacteurs commandés (48) fonctionnant en alternance à une fréquence prédéterminée, montés entre l'autre borne des moyens (44) de stockage d'énergie et chaque extrémité de l'enroulement primaire (P2) précité.8. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also comprises means (44) for storing electrical energy, associated with a charging circuit (46) supplied by the distribution network by means of a winding (P'2; S2) of the transformer, at the midpoint of which is connected a terminal of said energy storage means (44), and two controlled contactors (48) operating alternately at a predetermined frequency, mounted between the another terminal of the energy storage means (44) and each end of the aforementioned primary winding (P2).
9. Appareil selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend également un détecteur9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that it also comprises a detector
(50) de variation de la tension (Ve) du réseau de distribution, connecté à un interrupteur (52) monté en série dans la liaison du réseau au transformateur (T), ainsi qu'à un moyen inhibiteur du circuit de charge (46) et à des moyens de commande des contacteurs précités, pour les actionner lorsque la tension du réseau varie au-delà de limites prédéterminées par rapport à sa valeur nominale.(50) variation of the voltage (Ve) of the distribution network, connected to a switch (52) mounted in series in the network connection to the transformer (T), as well as to a means inhibiting the load circuit (46 ) and to means for controlling the aforementioned contactors, for actuating them when the network voltage varies beyond predetermined limits with respect to its nominal value.
10. Appareil selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de stockage d'énergie comprennent un accumulateur électro- chimique (44), substituable au réseau de distribution pendant une coupure prolongée de celui-ci.10. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the energy storage means comprise an electrochemical accumulator (44), substitutable for the distribution network during a prolonged outage thereof.
11. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le régulateur linéaire (R) est monté en série avec un enroulement secondaire (S1) du transformateur. 11. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the linear regulator (R) is mounted in series with a secondary winding (S1) of the transformer.
12. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 1 à12. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to
10, caractérisé en ce que le régulateur linéaire (R) est monté en série avec un enroulement primaire (P1) du transformateur. 10, characterized in that the linear regulator (R) is mounted in series with a primary winding (P1) of the transformer.
13 . Appareil selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un second régulateur (R') monté en parallèle sur le primaire (P1) du transformateur.13. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises a second regulator (R ') mounted in parallel on the primary (P1) of the transformer.
14. Appareil selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que des diodes (60) sont montées en parallèle sur les contacteurs (48) de l'onduleur, pour relier le chargeur (46) à l'enroulement primaire (P2, P'2) du transformateur. 14. Apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that diodes (60) are mounted in parallel on the contactors (48) of the inverter, to connect the charger (46) to the primary winding (P2, P '2) of the transformer.
PCT/FR1988/000405 1987-08-05 1988-08-04 Electric power supply device with regulated alternating-current voltage output WO1989001256A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8701846 1987-08-05
NL8701846A NL8701846A (en) 1987-08-05 1987-08-05 ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY DEVICE WITH REGULATED AC OUTLET.

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WO1989001256A1 true WO1989001256A1 (en) 1989-02-09

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2667735A1 (en) * 1990-10-08 1992-04-10 Merlin Gerin ALTERNATIVE ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY PLANT WITH BACKUP POWER SUPPLY.
EP0494629A2 (en) * 1991-01-08 1992-07-15 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electric power source
CN110929391A (en) * 2019-11-08 2020-03-27 中国农业大学 Method and system for calculating fault rate of power distribution network under typhoon disaster

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1350128A (en) * 1962-12-14 1964-01-24 AC current stabilizer
DE1803221A1 (en) * 1967-10-17 1969-06-26 Int Standard Electric Corp Static arrangement for uninterruptible power supply
GB1189065A (en) * 1968-05-24 1970-04-22 Julie Res Lab Inc Alternating Current Voltage Regulator
WO1980002478A1 (en) * 1979-05-02 1980-11-13 Exide Electronics Int Inc Emergency power source
EP0074910A1 (en) * 1981-09-17 1983-03-23 Etablissements Pierre Fontaine Methods and devices for the AC electric supply of a load without interruption of the AC signal

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1350128A (en) * 1962-12-14 1964-01-24 AC current stabilizer
DE1803221A1 (en) * 1967-10-17 1969-06-26 Int Standard Electric Corp Static arrangement for uninterruptible power supply
GB1189065A (en) * 1968-05-24 1970-04-22 Julie Res Lab Inc Alternating Current Voltage Regulator
WO1980002478A1 (en) * 1979-05-02 1980-11-13 Exide Electronics Int Inc Emergency power source
EP0074910A1 (en) * 1981-09-17 1983-03-23 Etablissements Pierre Fontaine Methods and devices for the AC electric supply of a load without interruption of the AC signal

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2667735A1 (en) * 1990-10-08 1992-04-10 Merlin Gerin ALTERNATIVE ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY PLANT WITH BACKUP POWER SUPPLY.
EP0480847A1 (en) * 1990-10-08 1992-04-15 Schneider Electric Sa AC electric power system with emergency supply
US5264732A (en) * 1990-10-08 1993-11-23 Merlin Gerin A.C. electrical power supply system with a back-up power supply
EP0494629A2 (en) * 1991-01-08 1992-07-15 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electric power source
EP0494629A3 (en) * 1991-01-08 1992-10-21 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electric power source
US5532913A (en) * 1991-01-08 1996-07-02 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electric power source
CN110929391A (en) * 2019-11-08 2020-03-27 中国农业大学 Method and system for calculating fault rate of power distribution network under typhoon disaster
CN110929391B (en) * 2019-11-08 2021-08-24 中国农业大学 Method and system for calculating fault rate of power distribution network under typhoon disaster

Also Published As

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