USRE19759E - Air conditioning apparatus for - Google Patents

Description

J. H. nAvis Re. 19,759, I 151R CONDITIONING APPARATUS FOR PAssBNGER M 2 Sheets-sheet 1 w 9 l 9 l w N Original Filed Oct. 19. 1929 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Nov. 19, 1935. J. H. DAVIS, Re. 19,759

AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS FOR PASSENGER CARS Original Filed Oct. 19, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Reiscued m... 19, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE m CONDITIONING APPARATUS FOR PASSENGER CABS Jesse B. Davis, Baltimore, Md., assignor to B. F.

Sturtevant Compa y,

ration of Massachusetts 11, Mass 11 corpo- Original No. 1,843,210, dated February 2, 1932,

Serial No. 400,929, October 19,1929. Application for reissue February 2, 1992, Serial No.

3 Claims. (01. 011-) 2-: of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a diagrammatic view of conditioning equipment designed to carry out my invention;

Figure 4 is a top plan view of one end portion of Figure 1; Figure 5 is a top plan view of a portion of the half deck roof, showing the air distributing ducts, Figure 6 is an enlarged detail sectional view through the half deck of a car and the air conduit. Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 2, showing the use of a water spray filter instead of a me-'- chanical filter.

Figure 8 is aview similar to Figure 4 showing 25 the organization disclosed in Figure 7.

Figure 9 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section of the water spray filter shown ln Figures '1 and 8. v

In Figure 1 of the drawings, I have shown a so typical layout for air conditioning equipment for an individual car system; that is to say,.this car is a unit completely equipped with the necessary generating and refrigerating facilities for air conditioning. 35 To provide the electrical energy required for the air conditioning equipment a nominal 10 kilowatt, 110 volt, direct current generator 6, is

mounted beneath the car floor and is driven by" a positive drive from the car axle. In addition, 40 the necesary regulator for maintaining a constant voltage above a certain critical speed, the necessary automatic switch, etc., are provided. In addition, the car may be equipped with a rotary converter whereby alternating current from wayside points, such as depots and yards, may be converted to direct current so that the air conditioning equipment may be operated while the car is standing still.

A motor driven compressor lb of proper ca- 50 pacity is mounted beneath the car floor, and compressed ammonia'is delivered thereby to the condenser tank I beneath the car floor. The hot ammonia is cooled by passing over water coils in the condenser tank Q. The. liquefied ammonia is then pmed through an expansion valve 9 and at v hdelivered to the evaporator tank Ill beneath the car fiocr. Here it circulates through tubes surrounded by water and during the expansionthrough these tubes chills the water in the evaporator tank. From the evaporator the ammonia passes back to the low pressure side of the compressor. I

The water contained'in the tubes of the condenser 9 becomes heated due to cooling the compressed ammonia, and it is circulated by means 10 of the pump l0 and delivered to the center point of the cooling'tower II in the comer of the car. Here the water is sprayed from sprayer ll, air from within or outside of the car is drawn through the sprayed water, thus cooling thewater by evaporation back to about the wet bulb temperature of the air. The water is then available for reuse in the tubes of the condenser. The tower II is provided with a suitably closed inlet ll for admitting air thereto from within the 20 car, with a suitably closed inlet II for admitting air thereto from the outside of the car, andwith an outlet I I? at the top for discharging the heated air therefrom to the external atmosphere.

The chilled water in the evaporator III is taken by the pump l2 and is delivered to the surface 7 cooler l3 located overhead in the air conditioning compartment A located in the half deck zone at one end of the car. This cooler l9 consists of suitable form of piping of proper material to which is attached fins I4 for increasing the radiating surface, the coils being so arranged that as the airpasses over the same, the heat in the air will be given up to the surfaces of the cooler.

Normally the air in the car will be recirculated between the passenger space and the conditioning compartment, but provision is made by means of a duct ii for theadmission of .the desired amount of outside fresh air intothe air conditioning compartment. This is controlled by a 40 suitable damper It. The outside fresh air is passed through an air filter, which may be of a mechanical design, as shown at II in Figures 1, 2 and 4, or of the water spray type, as shown at I1 in Figures 7, 8 and 9,, which spray type filter may be included in a suitable water supply circuit. The mechanical type of air filter is preferably used because it occupies less space, weighs less, and its cost is less than the spray type of air filter, but the spray type filter may be used when it is desired to filter the air by a washing action and to humidity it to a desired degree before cooling it.

After the air is cooled by passing over the surface cooler it, it is then drawn into the motor driven centrifugal fans It, and delivered to the air ducts II on each side of the car at thehalf deck. Asshowninl'lgures2and6,th eseducts are covered with insulation so as to prevent the chilled air within the duct from becoming heated due to the outside light and the sunas well as the hot outside air during the summer It being preferable to maintain the present pleasing lines of the interior of the car, I avail myself of the space 22 now in present construction in the half deck between the plate 23 and the half deck roof 24. the only change in the plate 23 is that I provide it with perforationsv or suitable grille work 25. Over the half deck roof 2, I secure a plate 28 extending substantially the length of the car, thereby forming an air duct I. The sheet or plate 20 is provided on the inside with suitable insulation 20. In the half deck roof 24, I provide at suitable intervals openings 20* which establish communication between the duct is and the space 22, through which the treated air may pass from the duct into the space 22-, and in order to prevent objectionable drafts from entering the car, I provide a perforated baille 2i, suitably secured in the space 22 under, but spaced from the openings I8. The air passes from the space 22 into the car through the perforations 25 of the half deck plate 23. In order that the admission of the conditioned air into the car may be under controlpl provide dampers 21 for the openings II which may be operated in any suitable mannor from within the car, and merely for purposes of illustrating some means for operating these dampers. I have shown the damper provided with a rack 28 which is engaged by a pinion 29 mounted on the operating rod 30 having a hand wheel II in the car, but. of course, it will beunderstood that I do not limit myself to this construction of damper operating means, as there are other means that may be employed for this purpose. If it is found that the conditioned air has a tendencyto discharge into that end of the carnearthe coolerintoogreatavolume.tbis can be corrected by closing some of the dampers at that end, thus directing the air discharge further back into thecar. 5

Theairfromtheinteriorofthecarisconducted through the ventilators II to the surface cooler IS in compartment A and obviously air from the water tower also passes to compartment A through. the duct or connection I1. 10

While I have shown a preferable location for the air ducts I, it is obvious that other dispositions and locations for these ducts may be vadopted without departing from the spirit of my invention. 1 Y 5 While I have named ammonia" as the refrigerant, it is, of course, understood that any suitable refrigerant maybe used.

What I claim is:

l. Iii-combination, in a temperature regulat- 2 ing device for passenger cars, an air duct on the roof of the half deck of the car, ports extending from said duct through said roof, a half deck plate spaced from said roof to form a chamber in communication with said ports, and other 25 ports leading from said chamber into the car.

2 In combination, in a temperature regu1ating device for passenger cars, an air duct on the half deck roof of the car, a perforated half deck plate spaced from the roof, a wall extendso ing from saidplate to the said roof forming a chamber, ports leading from the air duct into said chamber, and a baille plate in said chamber below said ports.

3. In combination, in a temperature regulat- :5 ing device for passenger cars, air ducts'on the half deck roof of the car, a perforated half deck plate spaced from the roof, a wall extending from said plate to the said roof forming a chamber, ports leading from the air ducts into said cham- 4 ber, and a baile plate in said chamber below said ports, and dampers controlling said ports.

JESSE H. DAVIS.

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