US981867A - Square. - Google Patents

Description

T. w. MOGQRM'IOK.

' SQUARE.

APPLIOATION TILED 33.15, 1910.

Patented Jan. 17, 1911.4

LENGTH AND VALLEY I I IIIIHIIHIIHIIIIH LENGTH OF MAI N ,r /3 RAF TERS rm: NORRIS PETERS cu, WASHINGTON, D. c.

TEERILL WILLIAM IVIoCORlVIICK, or nn v'rcn, TEXAS.

SQUARE.

senses.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 1%, 1911.

Application filed February 15, 1916. Serial No. 543,975.

To alt whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, TnRniLL IV. McConarron, citizen of the United States, residing at Denton. in the county of Denton and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Squares, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a bevel provided with tables whereby, when the width of a building is known and the rise per foot of the rafters is given, the length of the rafters and the angle at which the ends of said rafters are to be cut, may be readily ascertained.

An important object of my invention is to provide a bevel, so constructed that only one adjustment of the same is requiredto cut both ends of a rafter.

The final object of my invention is to provide a device of the above character, which will be simple in construction, easy to operate, and which will save time in the cutting of rafters.

My invention consists generally of a triangle square, to which is movably secured a ruler.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same, Figure 1 is side view of the bevel. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the opposite side of thebevel, parts thereof being broken away. Fig. '8 is an end view of the same. Fig. 4 is a side view of the ruler removed.

In the preferredembodiment of my invention as illustrated in the drawings, v1 designates a triangle square, comprising sides 2 and 3, which join each other and are at right angles to each other. The sides 2 and 3 are connected near their free ends by a section of material 4t, forming a plate for tables, to be hereinafter described. I pre'ferably form the triangle square 1 of sheet' metal, such as steel, and upon one side of the plate 4:, is formed a table 5, which I term the hip and valley table for it is the table to be used in calculating the length of the hip and valley rafters. Upon the opposite side of the'plate 4: is arranged a table 6, which I term the main rafter table, since the same is employed in cutting the main rafters. The tables 5 and 6 may be formed upon the plate 1 by any suitable means, or the same may be stamped upon the same.

I further provide a ruler compri ing spaced sides 7, which are connected at their ends by sections of material 8. The ruler is arranged upon the apex of the triangle square 1, as shown in Fig. 1, the sides '7 of the ruler being arranged upon opposite sides of the square 1. A thumb screw 9 passes through the ruler and the square 1, whereby said ruler may be clamped to the squar at a desired angle. Near one end of the ruler, is a ruler-blade 10 which is disposed between the sides 7 of the ruler and pivotally con- .nected thereto, by means of a thumb screw 12. The ruler-blade 10 may thus be adjusted at a desired angle to the sides '7 of the ruler, and clamped thereto, in such position. The ruler-blade 10 may preferably be formed of sheet metal and the ruler comprising the sides 7 may preferably be formed of hard wood. Adjacent the middle of the sides 7 of the ruler, the triangle square 1 is provided upon its opposite sides with a plurality of radially extending lines 16, which intersect each other at a common point lT. The lines 16 are designated respectively by figures 5 to 15, inclusive, which correspond to figures 5 to 15 inclusive of a vertical row of figures 15 of the table (3, for a purpose to be hereinafter explained. Upon the same side of the square 1, with the table (3, is arranged a ack table 15* vertical and horizontal rows of figures. The left hand vertical row of figures indicates the rise per foot of the jack rafters and the top horizontal row of figures indicates the distance of the jack rafters apart.

In the use of the device, when cutting main rafters, I employ the main rafter table 6. In order that this table may not become mixed in the mind of the user with table 5, I distinguish the same by the use of the words Length of main rafters, which is placed near the left hand end of the table, as at 13, and shows that the table 6 is to be employed in ascertaining the length of main rafters. The table 6 is formed of horizontal and vertical rows of figures, and the top horizontal row 14, running from 2 feet to 20 feet is used to designate one half of the width of the building for which rafters are to be-cut. Near the right hand end of the table 6 is a vertical row of figures 15, which form a part of the table 6, and run from 5 to 15", inclusive. This row of figures 15 is employed to designate the rise per foot comprising I of the rafters, and the figures of the row are arranged in horizontal alinement with corresponding rows of horizontal figures in the table 6. Suppose that it is desired to cut main rafters for a building which is 30 feet wide, the operator follows the figures in the top horizontal row until he comes to 15. If it is desired that the rafters should rise 7 inches per foot, the operator goes down the column 15 until he locates 7 and then by following the adjacent corres ing horizontal row of figures, he loce group of figures which lies directly under the 15 of the top horizontal row. This group of figures is 17 ii" and indicates that the rafters must be cut 17 feet and 4i inches long. Further, if the rafters are to have a rise of 7 in. per foot of length, their lower and upper ends may be marked for cutting, by loosening the thumb screw 9 and setting the lower edge of the ruler upon the line 7 of the lines 16. The ruler is then clamped to the square 1 and the bottom and top of the rafter may be marked by ruling respectively upon the sides of the square marked Bottom out and Top out. It is thus seen that both ends of the rafter are marked for cutting by a single adjustment of my device, thus saving a great deal of time and work.

The hip and valley table 5, is formed of horizontal and vertical rows of figures and the top horizontal row of figures indicate one half of the width of the building. At the left hand end of the table 5 is arranged a vertical row of figures 18 indicating the rise per foot of the hip and valley rafters. In a similar manner to the main rafters, the length and angle at which the ends of the hip and valley rafters are to be cut may be readily ascertained from the table 5, when the width of the building and rise per foot of the hip and valley rafters are given.

In cutting jar rafters the ends of the same are first marked as for cutting main rafters, and the upper end of the ack rafter is further marked for cutting so that the same will fit against a hip rafter.. The second marking of the upper end of the jack rafter is accomplished in the following manner: If the roof rises 8 inches per foot, the ruler blade 10 is set so that the line 8 coincides with the upper edge of sides 7 of the main ruler and said ruler blade is then clamped in such position. The jack rafter is then marked upon its upper and lower sides by ruling along the edge of the ruler blade 10. Jack rafters decrease in length as they are arranged farther away from the main rafter, and the length of a jack rafter may be readily ascertained by reference to the jack rafter table 15 illustrated in Fig. l. the roof rises 8 in. per foot and the jack rafter next to the r in rafter is placed 16 from the main rar, by going do" "1e vertical row of ii es below 16 until horizontal row 01 posite reache is found, which jack rai er must be cut 19;; inches snorter than the main rafter and that each succeeding' jack rafter must be cut 19; inches shorter than the preceding jack rafter.

It is obvious that the width of of the building is given in tables 5 and 6 in whole numbers, and it is to be understood that I may construct my table using whole numbers and fractions if so desired.

Having fully described my invention, I claim:

In a device of the character described, a triangle square, a blade pivotally connected to the same near its apex, the apex portion of said triangle square being provided with a plurality of diverging lines, which intersect at a common point, the inner edge of said blade being disposed to coincide with a selected one of said lines, so that said blade may be adjusted to a desired position with relation to said triangle square, the arms of said triangle square being connected by a section of material, said section of material being provided with a table, comprising horizontal rows of figures to indicate, one the given lengths of run, and the others the resultant lengths of rafters to be cut, a Vertical row of figures to indicate the rise per foot of the rafters, and said diverging lines being numbered to correspond to the numbers in the said vertical row.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

TERRILL WILLIAM MCCORMICK.

lVitnesses HARRY AsHLnY, L. MoGnAw.

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