[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

US9777770B2 - Active part of an electrical machine, radial magnetic bearing and method for producing a radial magnetic bearing - Google Patents

Active part of an electrical machine, radial magnetic bearing and method for producing a radial magnetic bearing Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US9777770B2
US9777770B2 US14/431,165 US201314431165A US9777770B2 US 9777770 B2 US9777770 B2 US 9777770B2 US 201314431165 A US201314431165 A US 201314431165A US 9777770 B2 US9777770 B2 US 9777770B2
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
teeth
active part
tooth
magnetic permeability
limit depth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related, expires
Application number
US14/431,165
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
US20150247530A1 (en
Inventor
Matthias Lang
Wennie Wang
Markus Hösle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Assigned to SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HÖSLE, Markus, WANG, Wennie, LANG, MATTHIAS
Publication of US20150247530A1 publication Critical patent/US20150247530A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US9777770B2 publication Critical patent/US9777770B2/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Adjusted expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
    • F16C32/048—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of two degrees of freedom, e.g. radial magnetic bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • F16C32/0461—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/02—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
    • H02K15/024—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies with slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/30—Electric properties; Magnetic properties
    • F16C2202/40—Magnetic
    • F16C2202/42—Magnetic soft-magnetic, ferromagnetic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49009—Dynamoelectric machine
    • Y10T29/49012—Rotor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an active part of an electrical machine comprising teeth, each of which has a tooth base and a tooth height, open or closed slots which are arranged between the teeth, and windings which are introduced into the slots and surround at least one of the teeth in each case, wherein starting from the outer surface of the respective tooth bases and in extension of the teeth, the active part has an active part thickness which is greater than the tooth height, wherein starting from the respective tooth base and extending to a limit depth which is at most equal to the tooth height, the active part comprises a first material having a first magnetic permeability and, beyond said limit depth, comprises a second material having a second magnetic permeability, wherein the first magnetic permeability is greater than the second magnetic permeability.
  • the invention further relates to such an electrical machine, to a radial magnetic bearing comprising such an active part, and to a method for producing such a radial magnetic bearing.
  • Electrical machines may be embodied e.g. as motors, such as linear motors and rotor-based motors, as generators, or as magnetic bearings, in particular radial magnetic bearings.
  • Such an active part may be used in the case of e.g. an active radial magnetic bearing which comprises a stator and a rotor.
  • the stator usually consists of a laminated core with a plurality of coils. These coils generate a magnetic field which exerts a dynamic effect on the rotor.
  • the force density that can be achieved in this way depends inter alia on the square of the magnetic flux density.
  • In order to construct a compact magnetic bearing it must be possible to generate a maximum flux density. The maximum flux density is limited by the material properties of the laminate material that is used.
  • Magnetic bearings are usually operated using magnetic flux densities in the range of 1.2 to 1.5 Tesla.
  • Co—Fe alloys cobalt-iron alloys
  • This allows flux densities of up to 2 Tesla to be achieved, corresponding to approximately twice the force density.
  • One disadvantage of this solution is the material cost, which is very high in comparison with standard sheets.
  • the cobalt-iron sheet is only available in dimensions which require segmentation to be used in the case of large magnetic bearings, e.g. having diameters greater than 300 mm.
  • dynamo-electric rotor-based machines and radial magnetic bearings often have laminated stators featuring slots which are arranged between teeth that point radially inwards, and winding systems such as e.g. chorded windings or tooth-wound coils which are positioned within said slots.
  • the electrical sheets of the stator have a predetermined magnetic permeability in this case, depending on the material that is used.
  • US2011/0316376A1 discloses a radial magnetic bearing comprising an active part which is embodied as a hollow cylindrical stator with teeth and windings that are guided around some of said teeth, wherein three adjacent teeth and the windings guided around said teeth form E-shaped electromagnets in each case.
  • the electromagnets may consist of a cobalt-iron alloy in this case. Provision is also made for wedges at the radial outer edge between the electromagnets and for a housing which accommodates the electromagnets and the wedges, wherein both the wedges and the housing consist of non-magnetic material.
  • JP 2009 247060 A discloses an electric motor comprising a stator which has stator teeth.
  • the stator teeth of tooth height L have in each case a tooth tip which measures up to L/20 and is made from a material of higher magnetic permeability than the respective remaining stator tooth.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an active part which has comparatively good magnetic properties and can be produced economically.
  • stator only those parts of the stator which are generally exposed to high flux densities during operation are manufactured from a highly permeable material.
  • active part particularly in the case of a magnetic bearing stator, this relates to the magnetic poles, i.e. those parts of the teeth from the tooth base to the deepest point of the slot.
  • the advantage derives from the combination of the two properties, specifically that higher flux densities can be achieved than in the case of conventional sheet materials while at the same time cost benefits can be realized in comparison with active parts consisting exclusively of highly permeable material. This is possible because only those parts of the active part in which the highest magnetic flux densities occur during operation of the active part consist of expensive, highly permeable material.
  • an active part can therefore be produced in a particularly cost-effective manner because the corresponding electrical machine can achieve a higher power for the same structural space or the same power for a smaller structural space.
  • Advantages are also derived in comparison with active parts consisting exclusively of highly permeable material, because a significant cost reduction can be achieved in exchange for only modest losses in respect of the magnetic properties or the powers that can be achieved. This is further substantiated by the fact that the volume of the teeth from the respective tooth base to the tooth height can prove relatively small in comparison with the remainder of the volume of the active part.
  • the volume of the teeth from the tooth base to the tooth height is of primary importance for the magnetic properties and the achievable power of the active part, while the remaining volume of the active part is less significant in this respect. Accordingly, the whole tooth starting from the tooth base and extending over the entire tooth height can comprise the first material having the higher magnetic permeability in each case, such that the limit depth is identical to the tooth height.
  • the limit depth may be set in the range between 20% and 80% of the tooth height or between 40% and 70% of the tooth height.
  • the limit depth is between 1 ⁇ 3 and 2 ⁇ 3 of the tooth height.
  • Such an active part represents a reasonable compromise between sufficiently good magnetic properties on one hand and the costs that are incurred on the other.
  • the limit depth is essentially half as great as the tooth height. Therefore the limit depth can be set in a range between 45% and 55% of the tooth height in particular.
  • a particularly cost-effective variant of the active part can be realized if the respective teeth, starting from the tooth base, comprise the first, highly permeable material only as far as essentially half of the tooth height. This means that the more expensive, highly permeable material is only used for those regions of the respective magnetic pole in which the highest magnetic flux densities are to be expected.
  • the first material is made from a cobalt-iron alloy, wherein the second material is made from steel.
  • the first material As a result of implementing the first material as a cobalt-iron alloy, high magnetic flux densities of up to 2 Tesla can be achieved in the first material.
  • the use of this material is particularly cost-effective.
  • the second material being less important for the magnetic properties and the achievable power of the active part, is by contrast made from steel, which is particularly economical to produce.
  • the first material and/or the second material is embodied in laminated form and the respective sheets are arranged in layers which are perpendicular relative to the slots.
  • the slots are usually arranged along a specific direction.
  • the slots are arranged in an axial direction of the rotor.
  • the slots are arranged along the direction of motion of the armature.
  • the direction of the slots can include a slight deviation from the axial direction in the case of rotor-based machines and from the direction which is transverse to the direction of motion in the case of linear motors.
  • the sheets of both the first and second material are therefore so arranged as to be perpendicular to the slots.
  • a further advantage is produced in the case of particularly large embodiments of active parts in particular.
  • This advantage is produced because the sheets of the highly permeable first material of a respective tooth, e.g. of a cobalt-iron alloy, are also comparatively small in the case of particularly large active parts, and therefore need not be further divided into segments.
  • the first material is often only available in smaller sheet sizes than normal steel sheets, the available sheet sizes of common highly permeable materials such as e.g. cobalt-iron alloys are nonetheless also large enough to allow the production of comparatively large active parts.
  • the windings are embodied as tooth-wound coils in each case.
  • a winding only runs around one individual tooth in each case, such that this tooth forms a magnetic pole as soon as a current is applied to the tooth winding.
  • the structural format of the active part can be even more compact because the slots are filled particularly densely with windings in each case.
  • the limit depth is smaller than the tooth height, wherein starting from the respective tooth base and extending to a respective further limit depth which is in each case greater than the limit depth and at most equal to the tooth height, the active part comprises a respective further material having a respective further magnetic permeability, wherein the second magnetic permeability is greater than the respective further magnetic permeability.
  • the active part therefore features a series of materials, wherein the magnetic permeability thereof decreases starting from the tooth base. This means that the material having the greatest permeability is closest to the air gap of the corresponding electrical machine. The materials are then arranged in order of decreasing magnetic permeability. In the example of an internal armature machine, the material having the greatest magnetic permeability is therefore so arranged as to be radially innermost and the materials having decreasing magnetic permeability are added radially outwards.
  • the further limit depth can therefore be between 1 ⁇ 3 and 100% of the tooth height, for example.
  • the further limit depth may conceivably be essentially equal to half, equal to 2 ⁇ 3 or equal to 80% of the tooth height.
  • the respective tooth tapers at least sectionally towards the respective tooth base.
  • the teeth of the active part or stator are therefore not designed to have parallel edges, but are designed such that the cross-sectional area of a tooth tapers radially inwards and in particular forms a trapezium, preferably an isosceles trapezium.
  • the teeth can be embodied such that the width of the respective slot in a radial direction is essentially constant, at least along that region into which the windings are introduced.
  • the copper space factor of the slots is also a critical property with regard to maximal machine utilization, there being in principle limited scope for increasing the copper space factor via the slot cross section or the slot opening width in the case of stator which is fitted with tooth-wound coils from the side of the stator hole.
  • the teeth tapering radially inwards, more structural space is available for electrical windings in the slots, and therefore it is ultimately possible to achieve an increase of the electric loading of the slot and an associated increase of the deliverable torque of the machine, for example.
  • the electrical machine is embodied as a linear motor or rotor-based electric motor.
  • the motors can be embodied specifically as synchronous motors or asynchronous motors in this case, wherein the active part forms the stator of the motor.
  • the active part of the radial magnetic bearing is embodied as a hollow cylindrical stator, wherein the tooth bases point radially inwards relative to the hollow cylinder.
  • the hollow cylinder of the stator is formed by the annularly arranged teeth, whose tooth bases point radially inwards in each case.
  • the teeth are manufactured from the first, highly permeable material starting from the respective tooth base and extending to the limit depth, and the remaining radially outer part of the stator is manufactured from the second material, which has lower permeability.
  • the radial magnetic bearing is used to support radial forces of a shaft which is arranged within the radial magnetic bearing, wherein the coils of the radial magnetic bearing usually receive current via a converter and said converter is in turn controlled by a controller.
  • the controller can use e.g. sensor data or specific components of the current applied to the coils.
  • the method according to the invention allows the production of laminated teeth and the laminated outer stator hollow cylinder, wherein the bonding of the sheets to form a laminated core is achieved e.g. by welding or adhesion of the sheets, or by applying baking paint to the sheets and then heating the stacked sheets to create a bond.
  • the inner stator hollow cylinder and the outer stator hollow cylinder can be joined together e.g. by heating the outer stator hollow cylinder and shrinking it onto the inner stator hollow cylinder.
  • the outer stator hollow cylinder can also be made from segmented steel sheets in this case, wherein in particular a metallic housing is shrunk onto the inner and outer stator hollow cylinders, these already being bonded together.
  • the inventive method can obviously be used to produce not only radial magnetic bearings, but also rotor-based electric motors which likewise feature a hollow cylindrical stator.
  • the individual teeth are preferably manufactured from steel sheets starting from the limit depth radially outwards.
  • the individual teeth are preferably manufactured from steel sheets radially outwards starting from the radially outermost limit depth, wherein further materials are used between the respective limit depths in each case, the respective magnetic permeabilities of said further materials decreasing radially outwards. Accordingly, it is possible to manufacture further stator hollow cylinders which can be combined with the inner stator hollow cylinder and the outer stator hollow cylinder to form the hollow cylindrical stator of the active part.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a radial magnetic bearing according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the inventive active part for a linear motor
  • FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the inventive active part for a linear motor
  • FIG. 4 shows a section of a third exemplary embodiment of the inventive active part for a radial magnetic bearing
  • FIG. 5 shows a section of a fourth exemplary embodiment of the inventive active part for a radial magnetic bearing
  • FIG. 6 shows a section of a fifth exemplary embodiment of the inventive active part for a radial magnetic bearing
  • FIG. 7 shows a tooth of a sixth exemplary embodiment of the inventive active part for a radial magnetic bearing.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a radial magnetic bearing according to the prior art.
  • the radial magnetic bearing has a hollow cylindrical active part, within which a shaft (not shown in detail) is arranged concentrically relative to the axis of the active part.
  • the active part is formed by adjacently arranged teeth 1 , which have a tooth height 3 and a tooth base 2 that points radially inwards. Slots 4 extending axially are arranged between two adjacent teeth 1 , and windings 8 are introduced into said slots 4 . Measured radially from inside to outside, the active part has an active part thickness 5 .
  • the sheets are stacked in an axial direction and manufactured from a single material, wherein e.g. steel or an alloy having comparatively high magnetic permeability is used for this purpose.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the inventive active part for a linear motor.
  • the active part has teeth 1 with tooth bases 2 , wherein the teeth 1 have a tooth height 3 and the active part has an active part thickness 5 .
  • Open slots 4 are arranged between adjacent teeth 1 , and windings 8 are introduced into said slots 4 .
  • tooth-wound coils can be used for the individual teeth 1 in each case, such that each individual tooth 1 forms a magnetic pole when the respective coils are subjected to a current.
  • the teeth 1 of the active part are manufactured from a first material having higher magnetic permeability.
  • the remaining region of the active part is manufactured from a second material having lower magnetic permeability.
  • the first material can be embodied as a laminated cobalt-iron alloy and the second material as steel sheet, wherein the respective sheets are stacked perpendicularly relative to the direction of the slots 4 .
  • the active part is embodied as a stator of a linear motor
  • the armature of the linear motor on the side of the tooth bases 2 can move perpendicularly relative to the slots 4 and along the adjacent teeth 1 , i.e. from right to left or vice versa in the illustration according to FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the inventive active part for a linear motor.
  • Identical reference signs to those in FIG. 2 designate identical items here.
  • the slots 4 in the context of the second exemplary embodiment are embodied as closed slots 4 .
  • the limit depth 9 is now equal to half of the tooth height 3 , such that the teeth 1 are manufactured from the first material from their respective tooth base 2 and extending to the limit depth 9 , and the remaining region of the respective teeth 1 is manufactured from the second material.
  • FIG. 4 shows a section of a third exemplary embodiment of the inventive active part for a radial magnetic bearing.
  • One quarter of a cross section through the hollow cylindrical active part is shown here.
  • the section shows three teeth 1 , each of which has a tooth base 2 pointing inwards and a tooth height 3 .
  • Approximately wedge-shaped slots 4 are arranged between adjacent teeth 1 , and windings 8 are introduced into said slots 4 .
  • the windings 8 can be embodied as tooth-wound coils, for example.
  • the active part is manufactured from a first material having a higher magnetic permeability.
  • the active part is manufactured from a second material having a lower magnetic permeability.
  • the first material can be embodied as a laminated cobalt-iron alloy and the second material as steel sheet, wherein the respective sheets are stacked perpendicularly relative to the axis of the hollow cylinder.
  • FIG. 5 shows a section of a fourth exemplary embodiment of the inventive active part for a radial magnetic bearing.
  • Identical reference signs to those in FIG. 4 designate identical items, wherein one quarter of a cross section through the hollow cylindrical active part is again illustrated here.
  • the individual teeth 1 are manufactured from a first material as far as a limit depth 9 , said limit depth 9 being equal to half of the tooth height 3 and therefore differing from the third exemplary embodiment. Furthermore, the slots 4 are now closed, wherein this can reduce overall losses as a result of positive effects on higher harmonics of the magnetic flux.
  • the first material can again be embodied as a laminated cobalt-iron alloy and the second material as steel sheet, wherein the respective sheets are stacked perpendicularly relative to the axis of the hollow cylinder.
  • a radial magnetic bearing whose active part is illustrated in the third and/or fourth exemplary embodiment can be so produced that e.g. the active part is embodied as a hollow cylindrical stator which is composed of an inner stator hollow cylinder and an outer stator hollow cylinder.
  • the inner stator hollow cylinder in this case is the region from the tooth bases 2 extending radially outwards to the limit depth 9
  • the outer stator hollow cylinder is the region from the limit depth 9 to the radial outer edge of the active part.
  • FIG. 6 shows a section of a fifth exemplary embodiment of the inventive active part for a radial magnetic bearing, wherein one quarter of a cross section through the hollow cylindrical active part is again illustrated here.
  • the respective tooth 1 is manufactured from a first material having comparatively high magnetic permeability.
  • a second material having a lower magnetic permeability than the first material is added thereto.
  • a further material which in turn has a lower magnetic permeability than the second material.
  • the respective tooth 1 tapers towards the respective tooth base 2 , i.e. radially inwards. This ensures that comparatively ample space is available for the windings 8 which are situated in the slot 4 and the copper space factor can be increased.
  • the slot width 11 of the respective slot 4 is essentially constant in a radial direction in the present exemplary embodiment, the respective tooth 1 being surrounded by a tooth-wound coil, such that windings of two adjacent tooth-wound coils are arranged in one slot in each case.
  • FIG. 7 shows a tooth 1 of a sixth exemplary embodiment of the inventive active part for a radial magnetic bearing.
  • the tooth 1 tapers sectionally towards its tooth base 2 .
  • the tooth 1 comprises materials of differing magnetic permeability in this case, as explained in the fifth exemplary embodiment.
  • An active part comprising a plurality of such teeth 1 has correspondingly closed slots 4 in which the windings 8 are arranged.
  • the respective active part of the third to sixth exemplary embodiment for a radial magnetic bearing can also be used without significant adaptation for a rotor-based electric motor.
  • the invention relates to an active part of an electrical machine comprising teeth, each of which has a tooth base and a tooth height, open or closed slots which are arranged between the teeth, and windings which are introduced into the slots and surround at least one of the teeth in each case, wherein starting from the outer surface of the respective tooth bases and in extension of the teeth, the active part has an active part thickness which is greater than the tooth height, wherein starting from the respective tooth base and extending to a limit depth which is at most equal to the tooth height, the active part comprises a first material having a first magnetic permeability and, beyond the limit depth, comprises a second material having a second magnetic permeability, wherein the first magnetic permeability is greater than the second magnetic permeability.
  • the invention further relates to such an electrical machine, a radial magnetic bearing having such an active part, and a method for producing such a radial magnetic bearing.
  • the limit depth should be between 20% and 100% of the tooth height.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
US14/431,165 2012-09-26 2013-09-25 Active part of an electrical machine, radial magnetic bearing and method for producing a radial magnetic bearing Expired - Fee Related US9777770B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
WOPCT/EP2012/068972 2012-09-26
EPPCT/EP2012/068972 2012-09-26
PCT/EP2012/068972 WO2014048464A1 (fr) 2012-09-26 2012-09-26 Pièce active d'une machine électrique, palier magnétique radial et procédé pour produire un palier magnétique radial
PCT/EP2013/069998 WO2014049007A1 (fr) 2012-09-26 2013-09-25 Pièce active d'une machine électrique, palier magnétique radial et procédé pour produire un palier magnétique radial

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20150247530A1 US20150247530A1 (en) 2015-09-03
US9777770B2 true US9777770B2 (en) 2017-10-03

Family

ID=47080435

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/431,165 Expired - Fee Related US9777770B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2013-09-25 Active part of an electrical machine, radial magnetic bearing and method for producing a radial magnetic bearing

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US9777770B2 (fr)
RU (1) RU2644570C2 (fr)
WO (2) WO2014048464A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022058939A1 (fr) * 2020-09-21 2022-03-24 Evr Motors Ltd. Machine électrique à flux radial
US11296572B1 (en) 2020-09-21 2022-04-05 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with variable cross-sectional area constant perimeter trapezoidal teeth
US12046949B1 (en) 2023-12-28 2024-07-23 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with coils bridged with toothed clips
US12081073B2 (en) 2021-10-04 2024-09-03 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with multi-tapered yokes
US12136869B1 (en) 2023-12-28 2024-11-05 Evr Motors Ltd Heat dissipation plate for electric machine

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012222616A1 (de) * 2012-12-10 2014-06-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Asynchronmaschine mit optimierter Aufteilung elektrischer Verluste zwischen Stator und Rotor
DE102016211833A1 (de) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Wicklungsträger
DE102022213675A1 (de) 2022-12-14 2024-06-20 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Aktives Magnetlager mit reduzierter Verlustleistung

Citations (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2153563A (en) * 1937-01-08 1939-04-11 Borg Warner Electric motor and method of making the same
SU1003251A1 (ru) 1981-12-23 1983-03-07 Воронежский сельскохозяйственный институт им.К.Д.Глинки Редукторный электродвигатель
US5051637A (en) * 1990-03-20 1991-09-24 Nova Corporation Of Alberta Flux control techniques for magnetic bearing
EP0822638A1 (fr) 1996-08-02 1998-02-04 SMH Management Services AG Machine électrique comprenant des zones pour l'homogénisation du champ magnétique dans les aimants permanents
US5990588A (en) * 1996-12-13 1999-11-23 General Electric Company Induction motor driven seal-less pump
JP2000341889A (ja) 1999-05-25 2000-12-08 Hitachi Ltd 回転機用コア、その製造方法、コア用素片および回転機
US6329733B1 (en) * 1998-06-09 2001-12-11 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Radial magnetic bearing
US6504281B1 (en) * 2000-07-12 2003-01-07 Electric Boat Corporation Synchronous machine fault tolerant arrangement
US20030127933A1 (en) * 1998-02-27 2003-07-10 Yuji Enomoto Coil mold piece, manufacturing method thereof, core, manufacturing method thereof, and rotating machine
JP2004229435A (ja) 2003-01-24 2004-08-12 Toyota Motor Corp 回転電機のステータ構造、および回転電機
US20050258705A1 (en) * 2003-06-11 2005-11-24 Berwald Thomas J Soft magnetic amorphous electromagnetic component and method for making the same
JP2006006015A (ja) 2004-06-16 2006-01-05 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd ステータコア
EP1696534A1 (fr) 2003-12-17 2006-08-30 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Noyau magnetique a poudre et noyau de stator
JP2006271114A (ja) 2005-03-24 2006-10-05 Jfe Steel Kk 回転機鉄心
US20080246362A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2008-10-09 Hirzel Andrew D Radial airgap, transverse flux machine
JP2009247060A (ja) 2008-03-28 2009-10-22 Jfe Steel Corp 電動機用固定子鉄心
US20100019589A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Saban Daniel M Slot configuration of an electric machine
US20110316376A1 (en) 2010-06-23 2011-12-29 Synchrony, Inc. Split Magnetic Thrust Bearing
US20120119599A1 (en) * 2010-11-17 2012-05-17 Motor Excellence, Llc Transverse and/or commutated flux systems having laminated and powdered metal portions
US20130293051A1 (en) 2010-12-23 2013-11-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Radial magnetic bearing for magnetic support of a rotor

Patent Citations (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2153563A (en) * 1937-01-08 1939-04-11 Borg Warner Electric motor and method of making the same
SU1003251A1 (ru) 1981-12-23 1983-03-07 Воронежский сельскохозяйственный институт им.К.Д.Глинки Редукторный электродвигатель
US5051637A (en) * 1990-03-20 1991-09-24 Nova Corporation Of Alberta Flux control techniques for magnetic bearing
EP0822638A1 (fr) 1996-08-02 1998-02-04 SMH Management Services AG Machine électrique comprenant des zones pour l'homogénisation du champ magnétique dans les aimants permanents
US5990588A (en) * 1996-12-13 1999-11-23 General Electric Company Induction motor driven seal-less pump
US20030127933A1 (en) * 1998-02-27 2003-07-10 Yuji Enomoto Coil mold piece, manufacturing method thereof, core, manufacturing method thereof, and rotating machine
US6329733B1 (en) * 1998-06-09 2001-12-11 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Radial magnetic bearing
JP2000341889A (ja) 1999-05-25 2000-12-08 Hitachi Ltd 回転機用コア、その製造方法、コア用素片および回転機
US6504281B1 (en) * 2000-07-12 2003-01-07 Electric Boat Corporation Synchronous machine fault tolerant arrangement
JP2004229435A (ja) 2003-01-24 2004-08-12 Toyota Motor Corp 回転電機のステータ構造、および回転電機
US20050258705A1 (en) * 2003-06-11 2005-11-24 Berwald Thomas J Soft magnetic amorphous electromagnetic component and method for making the same
US20080246362A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2008-10-09 Hirzel Andrew D Radial airgap, transverse flux machine
EP1696534A1 (fr) 2003-12-17 2006-08-30 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Noyau magnetique a poudre et noyau de stator
JP2006006015A (ja) 2004-06-16 2006-01-05 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd ステータコア
JP2006271114A (ja) 2005-03-24 2006-10-05 Jfe Steel Kk 回転機鉄心
JP2009247060A (ja) 2008-03-28 2009-10-22 Jfe Steel Corp 電動機用固定子鉄心
US20100019589A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Saban Daniel M Slot configuration of an electric machine
US20110316376A1 (en) 2010-06-23 2011-12-29 Synchrony, Inc. Split Magnetic Thrust Bearing
US20120119599A1 (en) * 2010-11-17 2012-05-17 Motor Excellence, Llc Transverse and/or commutated flux systems having laminated and powdered metal portions
US20130293051A1 (en) 2010-12-23 2013-11-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Radial magnetic bearing for magnetic support of a rotor

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11489378B2 (en) 2020-09-21 2022-11-01 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with core piece of multi-piece teeth extending from an annular ring
US11374444B2 (en) 2020-09-21 2022-06-28 Evr Motors Ltd Method of forming irregular shaped coils of an electric machine
US11322994B2 (en) 2020-09-21 2022-05-03 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with multi-piece trapezoidal teeth
US11336132B2 (en) 2020-09-21 2022-05-17 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with liquid cooled coils and stator core
WO2022058939A1 (fr) * 2020-09-21 2022-03-24 Evr Motors Ltd. Machine électrique à flux radial
US11355985B2 (en) 2020-09-21 2022-06-07 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with stator base as common heat sink
US11296572B1 (en) 2020-09-21 2022-04-05 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with variable cross-sectional area constant perimeter trapezoidal teeth
US11451099B2 (en) 2020-09-21 2022-09-20 Evr Motors Ltd Method of inserting multi-part tooth of an electric machine into a coil
US11349359B2 (en) 2020-09-21 2022-05-31 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with SMC rotor core sandwiched between bandage and magnets
US11489379B2 (en) 2020-09-21 2022-11-01 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with SMC stator core
US11594920B2 (en) 2020-09-21 2023-02-28 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with liquid-cooled stator core
US20230187985A1 (en) * 2020-09-21 2023-06-15 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with multi-part trapezoidal teeth
US11831202B2 (en) * 2020-09-21 2023-11-28 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with multi-part trapezoidal teeth
US12081073B2 (en) 2021-10-04 2024-09-03 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with multi-tapered yokes
US12046949B1 (en) 2023-12-28 2024-07-23 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with coils bridged with toothed clips
US12136869B1 (en) 2023-12-28 2024-11-05 Evr Motors Ltd Heat dissipation plate for electric machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20150247530A1 (en) 2015-09-03
WO2014048464A1 (fr) 2014-04-03
RU2015115527A (ru) 2016-11-20
WO2014049007A1 (fr) 2014-04-03
RU2644570C2 (ru) 2018-02-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9777770B2 (en) Active part of an electrical machine, radial magnetic bearing and method for producing a radial magnetic bearing
US8154167B2 (en) Induction motor lamination design
US6064132A (en) Armature structure of a radial rib winding type rotating electric machine
EP1865587B1 (fr) Noyau composite de poudre métallique magnétique pour machines électriques
US20140091673A1 (en) Direct Drive Segmented Generator
US10693331B2 (en) Synchronous machine with magnetic rotating field reduction and flux concentration
US9685830B2 (en) Electric motor having an iron-free winding
US20100253169A1 (en) Electric machine
US10749385B2 (en) Dual magnetic phase material rings for AC electric machines
JP5365074B2 (ja) アキシャルギャップ型回転電機
US6956307B2 (en) Soft magnetic composite powder metal cores
JP5936990B2 (ja) 回転電機
WO2014102950A1 (fr) Machine électrique rotative
JP2021515516A (ja) ロータ構造、永久磁石補助型同期リラクタンスモータ及び電気自動車
JP2010081715A (ja) 回転電機
US6181041B1 (en) Inductance rotating electric machine
JP4303579B2 (ja) 三次元ステーター構造の回転機
US9755465B2 (en) Method for manufacturing a rotor of a synchronous reluctance motor, a rotor of a synchronous reluctance motor, and a synchronous reluctance motor
US11223246B2 (en) Stator
US20210111601A1 (en) Rotor for a Brushless Direct-Current Motor, Particularly for an Electric Motor of the Inner Rotor Type, and Electric Motor Comprising Such a Rotor
Washington et al. Methods for the construction of single-sided axial flux machines using soft magnetic composites
JP2010045870A (ja) 回転機
KR20160119424A (ko) 고출력을 위한 돌극비 최대 구조를 갖는 전동기 및 이를 구성하는 회전자의 제조 방법
JP4607823B2 (ja) 交流回転電機
JP2010504078A (ja) 同期機

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HOESLE, MARKUS;LANG, MATTHIAS;WANG, WENNIE;SIGNING DATES FROM 20150306 TO 20150311;REEL/FRAME:035254/0832

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN)

STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: MAINTENANCE FEE REMINDER MAILED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: REM.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED FOR FAILURE TO PAY MAINTENANCE FEES (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: EXP.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

STCH Information on status: patent discontinuation

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362

FP Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee

Effective date: 20211003