US743113A - Computing-machine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 743,113. PATENTEDNOV. s, 1903.

J. W, TODD. COMPUTING MAOHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1, 1903. NO MODEL, 4 SHEETSSHEET l.

Illillllll 1| IIIHIIHH WW x M 4 www 2 W No. 748,113. PATENTED NOV. 3, 1903. .T. W. TODD.

COMPUTING MACHINE.

' APPLICATION FILED AUG.1, 1903.

NO MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 743,113. PATENTED NOV. 3, 1903. J. W. TODD.

COMPUTING MACHINE.

1 APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1, 1903. N0 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

N THE- Norms PEYEHS co, PHQTCUTHO WASH No. 743,113. PATENTED NOV. 3, 1903.

J. W. TODD.

COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.1, 1903. N0 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UNITED STATES Patented November 3, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

COMPUTING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 743,113, dated November 3, 1903.

Application filed August 1, 1903. Serial No. 167,817. (No model.)

T0 aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OSEPH W. TODD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oolwyn, in the county of Delaware and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gomputing-lvlachines,of which the following is a specification.

My invention has relation to a machine for computing wages, interest, or the like; and in such connection it relates to the construction and arrangement of such a machine.

The principal object of my invention is to provide a computing-machine of simple construction and arrangement wherein abstruse calculations in multiplication or otherwise may be easily and quickly arrived at or effected.

To accomplish this object, my invention consists of a machine comprising a revoluble frame wherein a series of radially-disposed charts containing the necessary computations .are arranged to slide under the manipulation of means controlled by the operator, the revoluble frame arranged to be turned to a position corresponding to one factor of the compntation and the proper chart thereafter operated by the sliding means, so as to expose the result of the particular computation beyond a stationary scale, containing the other factor of the computation.

The invention also consists of certain combinations and arrangements hereinafter described and claimed.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood from the following description, taken in connection with the ac companying drawings, forming part hereof, in which- Figure 1 is a view, partly in front elevation and partly in vertical section, of a com putingmachine embodying main features of my invention, the case of the machine being removed for clearness of illustration. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and dare similar views taken, respectively, on the lines 3 3 and at 4 of Fig. 1. Figs. 5 and 6 are views illustrating details of the sliding means for each chart, and Fig. 7 is a front elevational View of the case of the machine carrying the stationary scale or scales forming part of the factors of computation.

Referring to the drawings, a represents the casing of the machine, on which is conveniently displayed a scale or scales Z) and Z2, containing figures which enter into the computation as one factor thereof. As shown and for convenience, the scale is divided into two parts, whereof b is arranged below a vcrtically-disposed opening a in the casing and the other, Z), is arranged above a horizontally-disposed opening a in the casing. To one end of the casing a is arranged an opening a having a pointer a. Through this opening a opposite the pointer a, is exposed the figure which forms the other factor of the computation; The figures, which are to be exposed opposite the pointer a are imprinted upon'the periphery of a wheel d. The wheel (1 is keyed to a shaft (1, traversing the easing a longitudinally. It extends outside the casing at one end in the form of a handle or knob (Z lVhen the knob 01 is turned, the shaft d and wheel (1 revolve to bring the required figure on the periphery of the wheel opposite the pointer a" in the opening a of the casing. On the shaft cl are also secured the two disks (Z and (1*, each radially slotted, as illustrated in Fig. 3, to receive the ends of a series of fiat sheets 6. These sheets 6 when in the slots of the disks (Z and (1 turn with said disks when the shaft d and wheel d are revolved. The sheets 6 may also be slid in said slots in the disks away from the sh aft d at proper manipulation of the machine. Each sheet e has preferably upon both its faces a series of columns of computations e, and as the disks (1 and d are turned each sheet comes into such position with respect to either the upper vertical opening a or the horizontal opening a of the casing that when slid out of the slots in the disks (1 and (Z it will display one face to one opening or the opposite face to the other opening, as desired. Each flat sheet chas at either end a finger e traversing the periphery of each disk (6 or (Z and extending slightly beyond the same, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1.

As hereinafter more fully explained,the fingers e of each chartsheet a cooperate with other parts to constitute a means whereby a sheet 6 may be slid in the slotted disks (1 and d away from the shaft (1' when the sheet is to be exposed at either the opening a or open- ICO ing a in the case a. lVhen all the chartsheets e are in a retracted position in the disks d and d", they form substantially a drum, as indicated in Fig. 1 at the left-hand side of the figure. To prevent slipping out of a sheet or sheets 6 during the revolution of the drum thus formed except at predetermined positions at either of the openings a or (F, a band or guard f, arranged in sections, encircles either end of the drum above the respective fingers c of the sheets. These two guardsf are each connected with rz'idially-disposed slotted guides f and f on either end of the drum, which guides f f and f in sets are arranged, respectively, adjacent to the openings a and a in the case. \Vhen a chartsheet 0 comes in alinement with the guides ff or with the guides f f, it may be advanced through said guides to expose its front or rear face through an opening a or a of the case a. A preferred means for so advancing a sheet 6 through either set of guides consists, essentially, of a rack-bar g, arranged in each guide j orf and having a transverse opening g, in which a finger e of the sheet rests. Engaging the rack-bars g of a set are the pinions g fixed to a shaft 9, traversing the case a longitudinally and extending from one end thereof in the form of a knob or handle Then the knob g and its shaft are turned by the operator in one direction, the rackbars 9 of a set are advanced by the pinions and carry with them the sheet 6, whose fingers c are resting in the transverse slots or openings g of said rack-bars, as clearly indicated in detail in Figs. 1 and (3. To return the sheet e to its normal position, the shaft g" has a pin or pins g normally under tension of a spring or springs g (see Fig. t) which serve to return the shaft 9' to the normal position against a limiting-stop g The shaft 9 also has at either end a finger g, which finger g" as the shaft g returns to its normal position descends upon the outer edge of a sheet 0 to force said sheet 6 into the normal position from which it had been advanced.

In the operation of the machine if the calculation of wages is desired the wheel (Z carries on its periphery the numerals from 1 to, say, 100, representing the range of hours worked by the employee. The scales 1) and Z) indicate a wage rate, varying, say, from five cents to twenty-five cents per hour. The wheel (I is so arranged with respect to the radiating series of charts c that when it exposes, say, the numeral l at the opening a in the case a chart 6, having the necessary computations for hour 1, comes opposite the opening a, and a complemental chart 6 at the same time comes opposite the horizontal opening a of the case. If the wage rate is found upon the upper scale Z), then the chart c opposite the opening a is elevated through guides f by the rack-bars g and auxiliary mechanism. If, however, the wage rate is found upon the lower scale Z1, then a chart 6 opposite the lower horizontal opening a is operated through guides f 2 to display a rear face at the said opening 0 On each chart 6 is arranged the computations in columns, both horizontal and vertical. The figures read horizontally furnish the computation for a fixed time for variable wage rates. \Vhen read perpendicularly, each column furnished the computation for a fixed wage rate at either the fixed time or for succeeding fractional increments of the time, such as a quarter, half, or three-quarters of an hour. There is, therefore, in the machine a revoluble member (1, containing a series of factors which can enter into the computations, a fixed member represented by the scales 1) and 1), which contain a series of factors which enter into the computations, and a series of charts c, ar ranged to travel with the revoluble member (1, and radiating from the axis of said member in conjunction with means for moving each chart 6 away from said axis when it arrives at an operative position with respect to a scale Z) or b, so as to display adjacent to said scale the results obtained from multiplying the factors on the wheel (Z and on a scale 0 or 1/.

Having thus described the nature and object of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

I. In a computing -machine, a revoluble member upon which a series of factors entering into the computations are arranged, a fixed member upon which a series of other factors entering into the computations are arranged, and a series of charts arranged to revolve with the revoluble member and radiating from a common axis, said charts con taining the computations desired, combined with means for moving each chart away from the axis when moved to an operative position with respect to the fixed member so as to display adjacent to said fixed member the computations desired.

2. In a machine of the character described, a series of charts, each containing upon its face a series of computations resulting from the multiplication of a constant factor with a series of factors of varying numerical value, said charts radiating from a common axis combined with means for moving each chart separately away from said axis to display the computations upon its face.

In a machine of the character described, a case provided with an opening for the display of one factor entering into the computations and a second opening for the display of the computations in combination with a shaft arranged to revolve in said case, a wheel traveling with said shaft and having on its periphery a series of factors adapted to be displayed separately through the first opening in said case, a series of charts arranged radially about said shaft and traveling therewith and means for moving each chart sepa rately away from the axis to display the chart at the second opening in said case.

&. I11 a machine of the character described,

IIO

a series of charts each, comprising a flat sheet, a revoluble shaft from which said charts radiate, two disks carried by said shaft and each radially slotted to receive and support the series of charts and means for moving each chart separately in said slots away from said shaft to display its face beyond the re maining charts in series.

5. In a machine of the character described, two revoluble disks each radially slotted, a thin sheet arranged to enter complemental slots in said disks, said sheet carrying the computations desired, a finger formed on each sheet and entering a slot formed in the periphery of each disk and a rack-bar arranged adjacent to each disk and adapted respectively to receive a finger of the sheet combined with means for operating said rack bar to move said sheet in and out of the radial slots of the disks.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH \V. TODD.

WVitnesses:

J. WALTER DOUGLASS, THOMAS M. SMITH.

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