US738787A - Direct-acting steam shearing-machine. - Google Patents

Description

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. W. J. FOGARTY. l DIRECT ACTING STEAM SHEARING MACHINE.

APPLICATION IILED APR. 7, 1903.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NO MODEL.

f 5%W/ A TTORNEY` NUMOD'EL.

'DIRECT ACTING STEAM SHBARING MACHINE.

` APPLICATION FILED APR. 7, 1903.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4. A

A rmHNE Y V10,733,781 A PATENTBD SBPT.15,1903.

' W. J. POGARTY.

. DIRECT ACTING STEAM SHEARING MACHINE.

. APPLIUATION FILED APE. 7, 190s. l Mmmm.. A e SHEETS-SHEET s.

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UNITED: STATES atented September 15, 1905;.

'PATENT FFIOE.

` WILLIAMILFOGARTY, on sr. LOUIs, MISSOURI, AssIeNoR To GEORGE w.

" D RIsOtInL, on CAMBRIDGE OITY, INDIANA.

` To a/ZZ whom t may concern: Y

`DIRECT-ACTING STEAM SHEARINGiIVIACHINE.

` SEECIFIATION forming part of -Letters `Eatent No. 738,787, dated September 15, 1903.

' Application tied Apri1`7,'19os. stanno. 151,545. (Numana `following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in direct-acting steamshears, and throughout this specication and claims wherever I use the term steam I wish it understood that such term includes any expansive Huid, although this invention especially appliesto steam-actuated means. The objects of my invention are, first, to arrange the mechanism situated between and connecting the piston rod of the main or knife-head-operating steam-cylinder and the knife-head `so 4that the force applied to said piston-rod and transmitted through said connecting mechanismtothe knife-head will be equalized orevenly distributed throughout the entire length of the knife of said knifehead; second, to construct such `connecting mechanism so that thestresses due to the resistance against whichthe said knife-head operates when the knife of the latter is cutting or shearing thematerial will be transmitted to the said piston-rod in approximately the direction of a vertical line parallel with and centrally on each sideof the vertical axis of said cylinder, and, third, to provide a means for cushioning the steam at the ends of the strokes of the pistons of both the main and the holddown cylinders, but particularly the main cylinder, in which when rthepiston thereof has reached the end of its stroke itis caused to positively stop at such point, thereby positively bringing the said knife-head to a state of rest when the knife `thereof has completed its out and preventing said knifehead overrunning its normalstroke when suddenly released ofits load, thereby pre venting said knife-head knocking or striking the ends of its guides at eaehend of its stroke and preventing breakage. I? attain `these objects by means of the mechanism of the direct-acting steam shearing-machine illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which similar numerals of reference designate like parts throughout the several views.

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of my invention of a steam shearing-machine. Fig.2 is a transverse sectional elevational viewof the same taken through the line AB. y (See Figi.) Fig. 3 is a similar view taken through the line C D. (See also Fig. 1.) Fig. tis a sectional elevational view of the main and the holddown steam-cylinders and their controlling-valve and taken through `the line E F. (See Figs. 5 and 6.) Fig. 5 is an inverted plan view of said cylinders and looking in the direction ofthe arrow o.. (See Fig. 4..) Fig. 6 is a plan View of said cylinders. Fig. 7 is an elevational view of 'the lever system of the knife-head. Fig. 8 is a planv view of the same. Fig. 9 is an elevational view of the lever system ofthe holddown; and Fig. 10 is a plan view of the machine With the steam-cylinder, knife-head, and its connecting mechanism and the holddown removed to more clearly show the lever system of said holddown and the treadle-lever mechanism whereby the valve for controlling said main and holddown cylinders is operated.

The end frames orhousings 1 and 2,.the cylinder-supporting beam 3, which has its ends resting on the top ends of the housings` 1 and 2, whereto said beam is securely bolted, and the table 4, which is securely bolted at its ends to said housings 1 and 2, constitute the main frame of the machine.

A knife-head 5 has its ends adapted to accurarely fit and to slide or reciprocate vertically in suitable guideways G, formed `in the housings l and 2. To the bottom front portion of said knife-head 5 is iitted and securely bolted the top shearing-knife 7, the bottom or cutting edge of which is horizontally ,inclined relatively to the top or cuttingedge ot' the bottom knife S. The bottom knife 8 is bolted to the face of the table 4 and adjusted vertically or relatively tothe top knife 7 and is preferably adjusted in position,| so that the top or cutting edge of said knife Will be flush with the top surface of the table e, by the setsorews 9, which are screwed intolthe lugs`10, formed integral on the rib 11 of said tablel.

A holding-down head or holddown 12 is situated in front of the knife-head 5 and is adapted to accurately fit at its ends and to slide in its guides 13, secured on the front faces of the housings l and 2.

A main cylinder 14 is securely bolted to the top side ofthe beam 3 intermediate the ends thereof, and said cylinder is preferably* situated centrally over the knife-head 5, and the dierent parts or elements of the same, which constitute the main feature of this invention, Iwill-hereinafterparticularlydescribe. The piston 15 of said cylinder may be of any suitable or approved type, and said piston is provided with atpiston-rod 16, which extends ver ticallythrough the divided stufngbox 17,0ne, the top portion,formedintegralwith the cylinder-head 18, and the other, the bottom portion, formed integral with the valve-seat head `19, and on the top end of said piston-rod 16 is firmly secured the cross-head or cross-beam 20, the ends of which are turned to lit the bores of the top ends of the inner and the outer connecting- rods 21 and 22.

The knife-head-lever system consists of the shorter lever- arms 23 and 24, which are situated centrally and are keyed or formed integral on their fulcrum- shafts 25 and 26, and said arms have their free ends connected to the lugs 27 and 28, formed integral on the ends of said knife-head 5, by the depending or vertically-extending connecting- links 29 and 30 and the link- pins 31 and 32, which accurately fit the bores `formed in the ends of said links, said lever-arms and the lugs to which the latter are connected, and the bores of the levers 23 and 24. The power- levers 33 and 34 are arranged in pairs, one on each side of the main cylinder 14, and all are similar in form and of' equal lengths, and said pairs of levers are arranged Ato be -operated simultaneously. The pair of outer levers 33 are keyed or otherwise secured on the outer ends of the fulcrum-shaft 25 exterior of the fulcrum shaft-bearings 35 and have their free bifurcated ends 36 directed inwardly or toward the center of the machine and in position to receive the lower bottom ends of the connecting-rods 21, and similarly the inner levers 34 are keyed on the ends of the fulerum-shaft 26 exterior ot' the fulcrum-shaft' bearing 37, and said levers have their free Vbifurcated ends 38 directed inwardly and in position on each side of the main cylinder 14 to receive the lower or bottom ends of the connecting-'rods 22, and thus the said pairs of levers 33 and 34 are connected to the cross-head 2O to be operated simultaneously to `canse an equal and regular movement and an .equal distribution of power to be imparted to said knife-head 5 at all points throughoutAits length.A The fulcrum-bearings-35 and 37'are arranged in pairs, one on each side of the lever- arms 23 and 24, and said bearings are situated on the top side of the beam 3 in their proper positions at or near the ends thereof, whereto they are securely bolted. It will be particularly noted (see Figs. 7 and 8) that the fulcrum- shaft bearings 35 and 37 are so situated on the ends of the beam 3 and the levers 33 and 34 are of such a length that when swung their full extent both ways above and below their horizontal positions the centers of the pins 39 describe equal arcs that intersect at points drectly and equally distant above and below the horizontal line passing through their fulcrum-shaft centers, so that the vertical line connecting said points of intersection on each side of the main cylinder 14 will be in the plane that would pass through the center of said cylinder,and thus showing that the forces transmitted from the main-cylinder piston 15, through its piston-rod 16 and cross-beam 2O to the ends of said levers 33 and 34, are equally divided and the line of direction of the same or the resultant forces of all the forces applied directly to the ends of the said knife- head levers 33 and 34 will fall in said vertical lines parallel with and centrally situated on each side of the said main cylinder 14, thereby tending to maintain the pistoni rod 16 in vertical alinement and oloviating` the necessity of providing guideways to preserve the vertical alinement of said pistonrod throughout its travel.

The holddown-lever system consists of the lever 40, having the shorter arm 4l, and said `lever is securely keyed or otherwise secured on its fulcrumshaft 42, which latter is adapted to turn in its bearings 43, formed integral with the beam 3, and the lever-arm 44, having the shorter arm 45, is adapted to swing on its fulcrum-pn 46, supported by the bearings 47, also formed integral with the beam 3, and the said lever-arms 40 and 44 are equal in length and have their power or free endsA directed inwardly or toward the center of the machine and are situated in the same vertical plane, the one above the other, and are connected at said free ends by the connectinglink 48, so as to be operated simultaneously. They shorter arms 41 and 45 of the levers 40 and 44 are connected to the holddown 12 by the adjustable connecting-links 49, which are hinged at their top and bottom ends on their linkpins 50. The main lever 51 of the holddown system is keyed on theptulerum-shaft 42 and has its powerend connected to the piston-rod 52 of the holddown-cylinder 53 by the connecting-lin ks 54.

I will now proceed to describe the peculiar construction and function of the main cylinder 14 and the holddown-cylinder 53 and the valve for controlling these cylinders, which IOO mechanism constitutes the main feature of my invention.

The main cylinder 14 is situated centrally and disposed vertically'ou the center of the supporting-beam 3,y the web 56 of which forms the cover for the bottom open end of said cylinder and to which beam said cylinder is securely bolted by, suitable bolts or` studs 57, which passthrough said web 56 and are screwed intothe inner flange v58. The

.cushion valve-plate 59 is truly faced and turned to accurately fit'the bore of said main cylinder l4`and to fit and to seat on the topfaced surface of'the cylinder-flange 58 and form a steam-tight joint therewith, and the:

said cushion valve-plate 59 is provided with Ia suitable number of valve-openings Ato ob- 'tain the necessarysteam-inlet area, and in t said valve-openings are litted and seated the cushioning and inlet lift-valves'60, which are `adapted to raise or move upwardly from their seats to` open for admission only of live steam 'into the bottom end of said main cylinder 14.

Aguard-ring 59a is turned truly to fit the bore of the main cylinder and may be truly :faced on both its top and bottom sides to form true surfaces, `the bottom surface of which rests or isseated on the top trued sur faceof the valve-plate 59, Aand the top sur-` face of saidring is adapted to contact with the piston to prevent said piston contactis notjin operation. A .j main cylinder, previouslydescribed, is com-` 30` ing with or striking thelower inlet and cushioning valves 60and also forming a seat upon which said pis'tonmay rest when the machine The upper head of said posedof 'two parts, one the outer head 18 and the other the inner head 19. The inner head 19 has its cylindrical portion 61 turned trulyv to accurately fit the bore at the top end of j said main cylinder14, and aZ-formed separating-partition 62, formed integral with said head, divides the recess or chamber formed ways in which the cushioning and inlet valves 67 are fitted and seated and adapted to lift or move upwardly to open for admission only of steaminto the top end of said main cylinder.`

The innerhead 19 is faced onits bottom bear-` ing-surface to accurately lit the top surfaced` `end ofsaid main cylinder 14 to formasteam-4 tightjoint therewith, and the under bcaringf` `surface of the` outer head 18 is faced to be b `fitted to the faced or trued top surface of the t te \ is provided withthe main steam ports or pasinner cover 19 to form a steam-tight joint1 therewith, and both of said heads are securely boltedto the top end of said cylinder 14 by suitable bolts 68, which .pass through said covers 1 8 and 19 and are screwed into the end of said maincylinder. l The main cylinder 14 sages 69 and 70, which extendfrom the endchambers 63 and 7l, respectively, to positions `,on the steam-chestfacew 72, best adapted td i connectwith themain controllingfvalve here-t inafter set forth., i i

\ It will `be readily seen and understood on `82 and. the inner head or cover 83., `ner head 83 has its cylindrical raised. portionJ b `84 truly turned toaccurately fit the boreof Y an examination of '.Fig. 4 that the extreme l possiblestroke ofthe pistonl is limited to` the distance between the inner surface `ofV the innercover 19 and the top surface of the guard-ring 59a, and this extent of the stroke of thepiston 15 is slightly in excess ofthe normal stroke or the movement required to be imparted to the knife-head 5. NoWin order to limit the stroke of-said piston to the extent of the motion to be imparted to said knife-head 5I provide the` end eduction or cushion ports 73 and 74, which connect each of said ports or steamways 69' and 70, with- 'the ends of said main cylinder on opposite sides of said piston 15 equally distant from the eective ends of said cylinder--that is,

equally distant from the inner surface of the y top cover 19 and theinner surface of the `valve-plate 59-so that, for example', when the piston 15 moves downwardly till it covers the cushion-port 74 the steam is confined in the bottomspace of said cylinder between said piston 15 and the valveplate 59 to form aV cushion to absorb the impact of said piston,

and therebyprevent any further downward move ment of the latter. Asimilar cushion is formed in a similar manner atthe top end of said cylinder, the purpose and object of'which I shall hereinafter more particularly referto.

The main valve-chest or steam-chest 75 is situated intermediate the main `cylinder 14 and the yholddown-cylinder 53, and thesaid steam-chest 75 has its main-cylinder face faced roc to accurately fit the valve orsteam-chestface 72 to-form asteam-tight joint therewithand to which said steam-chest is securely bolted. The oppositeor holddown steam-chest face 76 is also faced to accurately t Vthe faced steam- `chest surface 77 of the holddown-cylinder53A Vto form a steam-tight joint therewith ,and to which latter said steam-chest is securely.`

bolted." The pistonf78 of said holddown-cylinder 53 may be of any approved typepro-y. vided with any suitable form and number of` packing-rings 79, and saidjpiston `is firmly secured onthe reduced end SOV of y its pistonrod52.

The top end of said holddown`-cyl inder 53 is faced, to which end is iittedthehead ,81, to be secured tosaid cylinder. and to form Aa steam-tight joint therewith. The lower or bottom head of said holddoWn-cylinderis t composedof two parts, the outer head or cover said holddown-.cylinder 53, andthe, inner bearing-face of said head 83iis .facedtoiiti `the faced bottom-endsurface of said-hold-` down-cylinder 53.to form a steamtightjoint The. in-,l

therewith, and the outer face of saidlhead isV outer head A82 to form" aasteam-tight joint therewith,.and said-heads 82 fand 83are1se-` curely held together and to the end ofgsaid' faced to it the trued bearing-face Ofsaid i cylinder by suitable securing-bolts 85. The ,i

inner end of the cylindricalportion 84 of said cylinder-head 83` is provided with' Suitable Valve-openings into which the inlet 1ifting-` valves 86 are fitted, and said valves are adapt` ed to open to admit steam only into the lower TIs end of said cylinder 53. Integral with and on the innersurface of the cylindrical portion 84 of said head 83 is formed the guard-ring 86, which is provided for the same purpose as the guard-ring 59'. A stuffing or packing box 87 is formed centrally on and integral with the head 83 and is a continuation of the stuffing-box 88, formed integral with and centrally on the outer head 82, and said stuingbox is provided with a suitable gland 89. An inlet-port'90 connects the chamber 91 with the steam-inlet port 92.

The holddown-cylinder 53 is provided with the steam-ports 92 and 93, one of which, 92,

vextends from the chamber 91 to the steaminlet port 94, formed in the steam-chest face 76, and the other, the port 93, extends from the top end of said cylinder 53 to the steamport 95. An eduction or cushioning port 96, situated a suitable distance above the bottom head 83, connects the port 92 with the interior of said cylinder 5 3, and said port is provided for practically the same purpose as the cushioning-ports 73 and 74 of the main cylinder 14.

The valve-chest or steam-chest 75 is bored vertically to receive the valve sleeve or bushing 98, which latter is provided with a series of peripheral bores 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, and

V104, the number of which in each of the series of rings depending on the amount of area required, and each of said series are in parallel relation and correspond and connect with their ports 94, 105, 95, 107, 108, and 109, respectively. The open ends of said steamchest 75 and said sleeve and bushing 98 are closed on their top ends by the cover 110, which is faced to accurately it the top surface of said steam or valve chest' to form a steam-tight joint and to which it is securely bolted, and the bottom open end of said steamchest and bushing are closed by the bottom cover or head 111, which is similarly faced to A it the faced undersurface of said steam-chest 75 to forma steam-tight joint and` to which it is firmly bolted. A packing or stuffing box l112 isformed integral on the lower head 111, and the same is provided with a suitable packing-gland 113. A boss 115 is formed centrally and integral on the top cover 110,l and said boss is bored and tapped to receive the steam-supply pipe 116, whereby live steam is supplied to operate the machine. Bosses 117 and 118 (see Figs. 5 and 6) are formed integral on the side of said steam-chest 75 and have their bores connecting with the exhaustports 105 and 108, respectively, and to said bosses are connected the exhaust- pipes 119 and 120, (see Figs. 5 and 6,) whereby the exhaust-steam is carried" away to a convenient place.

'The piston-valve 121 is cylindrical in form interior of the sleeve or valve bushing 98-l will flow through said valve 121 -into the lower bottom end of said chamber, and at the open ends of said piston-valve 121 are formed thespiders 122 and 123, which are boredto receive the reduced end 124 and 125 of the valve-stem 126, and the said stem 126 is secured to said valve by the securing-nut 127. Steam-ports 128 are formed centrally in the cylindrical portion of said valve and are provided for the purpose of supplying steam to either of the admission-ports when said valve 121 is moved in position to admit steam to either steam-inlet ports. The valve-collars 129, 130, 131, and 132 are formed integral on the periphery ot' said valve 121 and in parallel relation and are so situated in said valve that when the latteris placed in mid-position said collars will cover each of the steamports 94, 95,107, and 109 and prevent further movement-of either main or holddown pistons.

,The bottom end of the valve-stem 126 is connected to the lever-arm 133 by the connecting-links 134, and the said lever is secured or keyed on its shaft 135, which works or turns in its hearings 136. The lever-arm 137 is secured or keyed to said shaft 135 and has its free end connected to the top end of a connecting-rod 138, which latter is connected at its bottom end to the free end of the shorter lever-arm 139 of the treadle-lever 140. The treadle-lever 140 is pivoted on its fulcrumpin 141, secured to the'end housing 2 of the machine, and intermediate the fulcrum thereof and the freeend of the shorter arm 139 of said treadle-lever is connected to the triprod 142, which extends upwardly through and sufticiently far beyond the trip-lug 143 to receive the trip-collar 144. The trip-lug 143 is formed integral on the outer end of the lug 27 of the knife-head 5. The trip-collars 144 and 145 are adjustably secured on said trip-rod 142 and are set in position thereon to automatically move or operate the valve IOO IIO

121 to reverse the movements of the pistons IIS moved or separated from the main sheet overlapping the cutting edge of the bottom knife 8. The operator now opens the valve -121 to admit steam rst through the port 99 into the port 94, then through the port 102 to the port 107, thereby causing the pistons 15 and 78 of the said holddown steam-cylinder and the said main steam-cylinder to move downwardlyrst,the holddown-piston 78 to cause the holddown to descend to clamp the sheet t0 be dressed firmlyA to the supporting-table 4, and next, quickly following thereafter, the piston 15 of the main cylinder 14 to cause the knife-head to also descend to shear the l cutting edge, of the. lower knife 8 the piston l has reached that position where it closes ,the cushion-port `'73, thereby `confining the steam in the top inclosed steam-space of the main steam-cylinder 14ste form a cushion,

4 thereby preventing a further movement of said piston l5 andgpreventing the latter striking the cover or head, of said cylinder at the end of :its stroke. Another important and necessary object attained by the said cushioning of the piston lwill be readily appreciated from the following: Suppose the knife 7 is making a heavy cut or cutting sheet metal the'width of which extends the entire lengthof the shearing-knives7 andS. Then it is clear that steam must be admitted at full pressure the entire length of the stroke of the main piston l5 to cause the full power of the steamcylinder 14 to be applied to the knife-head 5 and its shearing-knife 7, connected thereto, to shear the entire width of metal, and when said knife 7 has reached the end of its cut and passed through the metal to be sheared the resistance to said knife will 4 be suddenly and immediately removed, and

were there no elastic or yielding cushioning means employed to resist or absorb the impact of said pistonand bring the latter to a move, due to the expausiveforce of the steam in the cylinder,and would strike the cylinder cover or heads with great force and with sufficient force to' break said cylinder-heads. The cushioning arrangement in connection with the holddown-cylinder is provided forl the purpose of preventing the piston thereof striking the heads of said holddown-cylinder with any degree of force, particularly when on the downward stroke-that is, when the holddown is being raised or elevated to rep. lease the sheet that is being operated upon.

By the abovedescribed means of cushioning the pistons of said cylinders an easy and noiseless movement of the mechanism is obtained and all danger of breakingany of the moving parts is avoided.

Having thus fully described this my invention, what I claim as new and useful, and desire to cover byLetters Patent of the United States therefor, is`` l. In a direct-actin g shearing-machine, the combination with a descending knife-head, a

`fixed shearing-table, and a steam-cylinder, of

knife-head-operating levers arranged in pairs on opposite sides of said steam-cylinder and `having their free or power ends overlapping `and. means whereby said levers are connected to said knife-head and said steam-cylindenA 2.` In a direct-acting steam shearing-ma- ,chine, the combination with a` descending knife-head, a fixed shearing-table, and a steam-cylinder, of knife-headoperating 1e vers arranged -in pairs on opposite sides of said steam-cylinder and having their free or `power ends overlapping, and means whereby said levers are adjustably connected to said lsteanrcylinder and said knife-head.`

3. In a direct-acting steam shearing-machine, the combination witha descending` knife-head, a fixed shearing-table, a steamfcylinder, of knife-head-operating levers arrangedin opposing pairs, and having their power ends joined on a common axis on opposite sides of said steam-cylinder, and means whereby said levers are connected to said steam-cylinder and said knife-head to impart lmotion to the latter.

et. In a direct-acting steam shearing-ma chine, the combination with a descending knife-head, a fixed shearing-table, a verticallyextending steam-cylinder situated overl saidknife-head, of knife-head-operating levers arranged in opposing pairs and having their free or power ends joined on opposite sides of said steam-cylinder, and means whereby said levers are connected to said steam-cylinder and said knife-head to impart motion to the latter.

5. In a direct-acting steam shearing-machine, the combination with a descending knife-head, a fixed shearing-table, a steamcylinder, its piston and piston-rod, of knifehead-operating levers arranged in opposing pairs and having their free ends joined on opposite sides of said steam-cylinder, means state of rest said piston would continue to connecting said knife-head and levers and whereby said levers are operated simultaneously and uniform motion is imparted to said knife-head.

6. In a direct-acting steam shearing-machine, the combination with a descending knife-head, a fixed shearing-table, a steam` cylinder, its piston and piston-rod, of knifehead-operating levers arranged in opposing pairs and having their free ends joined on opposite sides of said cylinder, `means connecting said levers and said knife-head, `and adjustable connecting-rods connecting the free ends of said levers on each side of said steam-cylinder whereby said levers are operated simultaneously. I

7. In a direct-acting steam shearing-machine, the combination with a descending knife-head, a fixed shearing-table, a steamcylinder, its piston, piston-rod, and a cross beam fixed ou said piston-rod, of knife-headoperating levers arranged in' opposing pairs and having their shorter arms extending outwardly and their longer armsl joined on opposite sides of said steam-cylinder, means connecting said short arms to said knife head, and adjustable means connecting the ends of said beam to the longer arms of said vlevers 4whereby motion is imparted tothe IOO chine, the combination with a reciprocating knife-head and a fixed shearing-table, of a steam-cylinder, its piston and piston-rod, inlet-valves situated at the ends of said cylinder, a main controlling-valve, a lever for opv erating the valve, a rodpivoted to the lever,

'down steam-cylinder and said holddown;

and a single valve arranged between the cyl- M inders for admitting steam Valternately to both of said cylinders, first to the holddowncylinder, and next to the main cylinder.

10. In a direct-acting steam shearing-machine, the combination with a descending knife-head and a descending holddown, of a double-acting steam-cylinder having a cushioning-chamber at each end and a doubleacting steam holddown cylinder provided with a cushioning-chamber, means for connecting the knife-head and main cylinder,

means for connecting the holddown and holddown cylinder, and a single valve arranged between the cylinders for alternately admitting steam to the cylinders.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM J. FOGARTY.

Witnesses:

GEORGE BAKEWELL, G. A. PENNINGTON.

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