US6725459B2 - Descrambling device for use in a conditional access system - Google Patents
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- US6725459B2 US6725459B2 US09/780,544 US78054401A US6725459B2 US 6725459 B2 US6725459 B2 US 6725459B2 US 78054401 A US78054401 A US 78054401A US 6725459 B2 US6725459 B2 US 6725459B2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
- H04N21/418—External card to be used in combination with the client device, e.g. for conditional access
- H04N21/4181—External card to be used in combination with the client device, e.g. for conditional access for conditional access
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/2347—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving video stream encryption
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
- H04N21/26606—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel for generating or managing entitlement messages, e.g. Entitlement Control Message [ECM] or Entitlement Management Message [EMM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/4405—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving video stream decryption
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/633—Control signals issued by server directed to the network components or client
- H04N21/6332—Control signals issued by server directed to the network components or client directed to client
- H04N21/6334—Control signals issued by server directed to the network components or client directed to client for authorisation, e.g. by transmitting a key
- H04N21/63345—Control signals issued by server directed to the network components or client directed to client for authorisation, e.g. by transmitting a key by transmitting keys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
- H04N7/167—Systems rendering the television signal unintelligible and subsequently intelligible
Definitions
- the present invention relates to systems for protecting information and more particularly relates to systems for protecting information that is transmitted by means of a wired or wireless medium against unauthorized access.
- One way of distributing information is to broadcast it, that is, to place the information on a medium from which the information can be received by any device that is connected to the medium.
- Television and radio are well-known broadcast media. If one wishes to make money by distributing information on a broadcast medium, there are a couple of alternatives.
- One alternative is to find sponsors to pay for broadcasting the information.
- a second is to permit access to the broadcast information only to those who have paid for it. This is generally done by broadcasting the information in scrambled form. Although any device that is connected to the medium can receive the scrambled information, only the devices of those users who have paid to have access to the information are able to descramble the information.
- a service distribution organization for example a CATV company or a satellite television company, often provides its subscribers with multiple services. Some of these services are sponsored and are transmitted in the clear. Others are paid for by the end user or subscriber and are scrambled. These services are called premium services.
- An example of a premium service would be a pay-per-view movie or pay-per-view sports event. These specific programs (i.e., the movie or sports event) may be broadcast to certain subscribers who wish to view, and have paid for, these programs.
- the service distribution organization broadcasts a program, it scrambles the program to form a scrambled instance of the program.
- a scrambled instance contains instance data, which is the scrambled information making up the program.
- the scrambled instance is broadcast over a transmission medium and is received at a large number of set top boxes.
- the function of a set top box is to determine whether the scrambled instance should be descrambled and, if so, to descramble it to produce a descrambled instance comprising the information making up the program.
- the program is then delivered to a television set for viewing by the subscriber.
- Subscribers may purchase services on an event basis, and after a subscriber has purchased an event, the service distribution organization sends to the set top box belonging to the subscriber messages required to provide the authorization information (i.e., information necessary to descramble the scrambled instance) for the purchased premium service or event. If the authorization information indicates that the subscriber is entitled to watch the program of a scrambled instance, the set top box descrambles the scrambled instance to produce the program for viewing by the subscriber.
- the authorization information i.e., information necessary to descramble the scrambled instance
- One drawback associated with this method is that the descrambling hardware is typically built into the set top box.
- the additional hardware adds cost to the set top box as well as to the system as a whole.
- the additional hardware typically requires highly trained labor to keep the CATV system operational.
- typical CATV systems include an RF reverse path, which allows for the purchase of programs through the set top box at the time that the event is broadcast (i.e., impulse purchase of pay-per-view programs).
- an RF reverse path allows for the purchase of programs through the set top box at the time that the event is broadcast (i.e., impulse purchase of pay-per-view programs).
- an alternate method is needed to allow for impulse purchasing of pay-per-view programs, or various other types of conditional access. This may be done via a phone line or other wireless connection.
- phone lines or wireless connections, and associated components add to the complexity and cost of a system.
- the system includes, in one embodiment, an access device comprising a non-volatile memory having authorization information, a counter having a predetermined count, and a microprocessor configured to receive the authorization information from the memory.
- the microprocessor is further configured to receive an entitlement control message from a scrambled instance at an encryption period associated with the scrambled instance, and produce a control word from the authorization information and the entitlement control message at each encryption period.
- the microprocessor is further configured to decrement the counter at each encryption period in response to the generation of the control word.
- the invention can also be seen as encompassing a method for descrambling a scrambled instance having contiguous scrambled sections.
- the method comprises the steps of descrambling a scrambled instance comprising contiguous scrambled sections, each section having an encryption period proportional to a predetermined encryption cycle rate, and decrementing a counter in response to the descrambling of each scrambled section.
- FIG. 1A is a diagram showing a typical conditional access system
- FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a scrambled instance
- FIG. 1C is a more detailed diagram showing a set top box in a typical conditional access system configured to descramble a scrambled instance
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a conditional access system of an embodiment of the invention comprising an access device
- FIG. 2B is a more detailed diagram showing the descrambling system having an access device configured to decrypt the ECM of a scrambled instance;
- FIG. 2C is a diagram showing the details of the access device
- FIG. 3A is a flow chart showing the descrambling method in an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3B is a more detailed flow chart showing the reading of an entitlement control message from the scrambled instance at the set top terminal;
- FIG. 3C is a more detailed flow chart showing the generation of a control word at the access device
- FIG. 3D is a more detailed flow chart showing the descrambling of the scrambled instance at the set top terminal
- FIG. 4A is a diagram showing the system for recharging the access card
- FIG. 4B is a more detailed diagram showing the access device configured to increment the counter
- FIG. 5A is a flow chart showing the method of generating a recharge command at a recharging station
- FIG. 5B is a flow chart showing the method of incrementing the counter in response to a recharge command.
- FIG. 1A provides an overview of a system 100 for limiting access to broadcast information.
- a service distribution organization 103 for example a CATV company or a satellite television company, provides its subscribers with information from a number of services, that is, collections of certain kinds of information.
- the History Channel is a service that provides television programs about history.
- Each program provided by the History Channel is an “instance” of that service, which may be transported in either an analog or digital format.
- the service distribution organization broadcasts an instance of the service, it may scramble the instance to form a scrambled instance 105 .
- the scrambled instance 105 is broadcast over a transmission medium 112 , which may be wireless or it may be “wired” (i.e., provided via a wire, a coaxial cable, or a fiber optic cable).
- An entitlement management message 111 is transmitted prior to the transmission of the scrambled instance 105 through the transmission medium 112 , which also carries many other signals and service instances.
- the entitlement management message 111 contains information on which services may be accessed by the viewer as well as the keys for decrypting entitlement control messages 107 (discussed below) within the scrambled instance 105 .
- the scrambled instance 105 is received in a large number of set top boxes 113 ( 0 . . .
- each of which is preferably attached to a receiving device (not shown), such as a television set or a video cassette recorder (VCR). It is a function of each set top box 113 to determine whether the scrambled instance 105 should be descrambled and, if so, to descramble it to produce a descrambled instance 123 , which is delivered to the receiving device (not shown).
- a receiving device such as a television set or a video cassette recorder (VCR).
- FIG. 1B shows a scrambled instance 105 in more detail.
- the scrambled instance 105 contains instance data 109 , which is the scrambled information making up the program, and entitlement control messages 107 ( 0 . . . n ).
- the entitlement control messages 107 ( 0 . . . n ) contain encrypted key information that is needed to descramble the scrambled portion of the associated instance data 109 .
- Entitlement control messages 107 ( 0 . . . n ) may be sent multiple times per second, so that they may be quickly available to any new viewer of a service.
- each scrambled instance 105 comprises contiguous scrambled sections 180 having an entitlement control message 107 ( i ) for each scrambled section 180 .
- the entitlement control messages 107 are typically changed more frequently than for less sensitive information.
- the encryption cycle rate for valuable information is inherently higher than the encryption cycle rate for less valuable information.
- the entitlement control message may be changed less frequently by the service distribution organization for less sensitive information and, therefore, the encryption period 170 need not coincide with the scrambled section 180 .
- the set top box 113 includes a descrambler 115 , which uses a control word 117 ( i ) as a key to descramble the scrambled instance 105 .
- the control word 117 ( i ) is produced by a control word generator 119 from information contained in the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) and information from authorization information 121 stored in memory in the set top box 113 .
- the set top box 113 like other functional devices discussed below, is understood to include various other elements for implementing the described functions, including, among other elements, a processor and memory for configuring the processor and being used by the processor for storing and processing various types of data.
- the authorization information 121 may include a key for the service, an indication of what programs in the service the subscriber is entitled to watch, and information for decrypting the entitlement control message 107 ( i ). If the authorization information 121 indicates that the subscriber is entitled to watch the program contained in the scrambled instance 105 , the control word generator 119 uses the key together with information from the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) to generate the control word 117 ( i ). Of course, a new control word is generated for each different entitlement control message 107 ( i ).
- the authorization information used in a particular set top box 113 is obtained from one or more entitlement management messages 111 addressed to that set top box 113 by the service distribution organization 103 (FIG. 1 A).
- Subscribers may purchase services by the month, or they may purchase services such as pay-per-view events. In either case, after a subscriber has purchased a service, the service distribution organization 103 sends one or more entitlement management messages 111 to the set top box 113 of the subscriber.
- the entitlement management message(s) 111 provide authorization information 121 for the purchased services.
- the current example shows a separate channel (e.g., an out-of-band radio-frequency wired link) for sending entitlement management message(s) 111
- the entitlement management message(s) 111 may be sent interleaved with instance data 109 in the same fashion as entitlement control messages 107 ( i ) to the set top box 113 .
- the set top box 113 stores the information from the entitlement management message(s) 111 in memory as authorization information 121 .
- An example scrambling technique for an example conditional access system is discussed in detail in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/126,888, ENCRYPTION DEVICES FOR USE IN A CONDITIONAL ACCESS SYSTEM, and is hereby fully incorporated by reference in this application.
- a typical conditional access system 100 (FIG. 1A) comprises a reverse path (not shown) for relaying information from the set top box 113 back to the service distribution organization 103 (FIG. 1 A).
- This reverse path (not shown) allows the viewer to purchase pay-per-view programs by notifying the service distribution organization 103 (FIG. 1 A). The purchase is reported to the service distribution organization 103 (FIG. 1A) at some time so that the viewer may be billed appropriately.
- the complexity of the system adds to the cost of maintaining such a system.
- the descrambling method and system in an embodiment of the invention takes advantage of the inherent differences in the encryption cycle rate (see FIG. 1B) associated with the value of scrambled instances 105 , hence, allowing for control over subscriber access to sensitive information without complicated set top boxes 113 ( 0 . . . n ) (FIG. 1A) associated with the typical conditional access system 100 (FIG. 1 A).
- FIG. 1B the encryption cycle rate
- FIG. 1A the encryption cycle rate associated with the value of scrambled instances 105
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a conditional access system in an embodiment of the invention 200 comprising a descrambling system 201 having an access device 203 .
- a service distribution organization 103 broadcasts an a scrambled instance 105 over a transmission medium 112 , which may be wireless or it may be “wired” (i.e., provided via a wire, a coaxial cable, a fiber optic cable, or any other transmission non-wireless transmission medium).
- the scrambled instance 105 is received at a set top terminal 213 , each of which is attached to a television set (not shown).
- the scrambled instance 105 may be transmitted to a number of different set top terminals and, hence, to a number of different viewers (not shown).
- the set top terminal 213 is configured to interface with an access device 203 through an interface 205 . It is a function of both the set top terminal 213 and the access device 203 to determine whether the scrambled instance 105 should be descrambled and, if so, to decrypt the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) (FIG. 1B) to produce control information for descrambling the scrambled instance 105 to produce the descrambled instance 123 , which is delivered to the television set (not shown).
- FIG. 2B is a more detailed diagram showing the descrambling system 201 having an access device 203 configured to descramble a scrambled instance 105 .
- Each contiguous section 180 of the scrambled instance 105 is received at a descrambler 215 located in the set top terminal 213 .
- the descrambler 215 is configured to extract the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) of the scrambled instance 105 at each encryption period 170 .
- the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) is transmitted from the descrambler 215 to the access device 203 through an interface 205 .
- the access device 203 uses the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) to generate a unique control word 217 ( i ), which corresponds to the entitlement control message 107 ( i ). Since each entitlement control message 107 ( i ) produces a unique control word 217 ( i ), a control word is generated each time the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) changes. The control word 217 ( i ) is then transmitted by the access device 203 to the descrambler 215 through the interface 205 .
- the descrambler 215 then takes the control word 217 ( i ) and descrambles the scrambled instance data 109 from the scrambled instance 105 to generate a descrambled instance 123 , which is then transmitted to a television set (not shown).
- the details of an example descrambling technique are further discussed in detail in the U.S. patent application incorporated by reference above.
- the set top terminal 213 in this embodiment 200 does not contain the control word generator 119 (FIG. 1C) or the authorization information 121 (FIG. 1 C).
- the necessary hardware and software for generating the control word 117 ( i ) is located on the access device 203 separate from the set top terminal 213 , thus, making for a simpler set top terminal 213 configuration as compared to the complicated set top box 113 configuration of the typical conditional access system 100 (FIG. 1 A).
- This simplification of the set top terminal 213 allows for reduction in cost of production and, also, reduction in cost of maintenance and associated infrastructure.
- the hardware and software are contained on the access device 203 , systems without a reverse channel are accommodated.
- FIG. 2C is a block diagram showing the details of a preferred embodiment of the access device 203 .
- the access device 203 would be a smart card configured to interface with the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2B) to allow for descrambling of the scrambled instance 105 (FIG. 2 B).
- the access device 203 is configured to interface with the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2B) through an interface 205 .
- the interface 205 may be, but is not limited to, electrical contacts, which provide a connection between the access device 203 and the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2 B). This interface 205 allows for transmission of the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) from the set top terminal 213 (FIG.
- the access device 203 comprises a memory 221 having authorization information 227 , a counter 231 , and a microprocessor 211 .
- the microprocessor 211 receives the authorization information 227 from the memory 221 and the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) from the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2B) through the interface 205 .
- the microprocessor 211 then checks the counter 231 to see whether the counter 231 is depleted and, if the counter 231 is not depleted, the microprocessor 211 uses the authorization information 227 to generate the control word 217 ( i ) from the entitlement control message 107 ( i ). After the generation of the control word 217 ( i ), the microprocessor 211 sends a decrement command 235 to the counter 231 to decrement the counter 231 for each unique control word 217 ( i ) generated.
- the counter 231 Since the count of the counter 231 is dependent on the generation of each unique control word 217 ( i ) from the entitlement control message 107 ( i ), and since the time period between each unique entitlement control message 107 ( i ) is defined by an encryption period 170 , the counter 231 becomes depleted at a rate proportional to the encryption cycle rate. As mentioned earlier, more valuable information is typically scrambled at a higher encryption cycle rate, and hence, the descrambling of more valuable information would decrement the counter 231 at a faster rate than the descrambling of less valuable information. Since the system 200 is an encryption cycle rate-based system, rather than a time-based or money-based system, the depletion of the counter 231 would be independent of time or money and only dependent on the value of the information as determined by the encryption cycle rate.
- the invention may also be seen as encompassing a process for descrambling a scrambled instance associated with a predetermined encryption cycle rate.
- FIG. 3A is a flow chart showing, in general, the steps performed by the system 200 (FIG. 2A) for descrambling an instance scrambled at a predetermined encryption cycle rate (see FIG. 1 B).
- This method can be broadly conceptualized as receiving, in step 311 , a scrambled instance 105 (FIG. 2B) scrambled at a pre-determined encryption cycle rate (see FIG. 1 B); descrambling, in step 313 , the scrambled instance 105 (FIG. 2B) at each encryption period; and upon descrambling of the instance at each encryption period, decrementing, in step 315 , a counter 231 (FIG.
- the encryption cycle rate is the rate at which the entitlement control message changes, and is determined at the service distribution organization.
- the set top terminal need not determine the encryption cycle rate because the counter merely decrements in response to changing entitlement control messages (i.e., in response to the encryption cycle rate). Since the method is an encryption cycle rate-based method, rather than a time-based or money-based method, the depletion of the counter 231 (FIG. 2C) would be independent of time or money and only dependent on the value of the information as determined by the encryption cycle rate. This method, therefore, eliminates exchange rate problems that may normally be associated with a time-based or money-based system of typical conditional access systems.
- FIGS. 3B, 3 C, and 3 D show the method of FIG. 3A in greater detail.
- FIG. 3B is a more detailed flow chart showing the reading of an entitlement control message 107 ( i ) (FIG. 2B) from the scrambled instance 105 (FIG. 2B) at the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2 B).
- the access device 203 (FIG. 2B) would interface, in step 321 , with the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2 B).
- the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2B) then receives, in step 323 , a scrambled instance 105 (FIG. 2 B).
- the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) (FIG.
- This entitlement control message 107 ( i ) (FIG. 2B) is then transmitted, in step 327 , to the access device 203 (FIG. 2C) through the interface 205 (FIG. 2 B).
- FIG. 3C is a more detailed flow chart showing the generation of a control word 217 ( i ) (FIG. 2C) from the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) (FIG. 2B) transmitted to the access device 203 (FIG. 2C) in step 327 (FIG. 3 B).
- the microprocessor 211 (FIG. 2C) of the access device 203 (FIG. 2C) receives, in step 331 , the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) (FIG. 2C) from the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2 B).
- the microprocessor 211 (FIG. 2C) determines, in step 332 , whether the counter 231 (FIG. 2C) is depleted.
- the microprocessor 211 (FIG. 2C) ends the process. If the counter 231 (FIG. 2C) is not depleted, the microprocessor 211 (FIG. 2C) further determines, in step 334 , whether the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) (FIG. 2C) has changed. If the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) (FIG. 2C) has changed, then the microprocessor 211 (FIG. 2C) decrements, in step 333 , the counter 231 (FIG. 2C) in response to the changed entitlement control message 107 ( i ) (FIG. 2 C). After decrementing the counter 231 (FIG.
- the microprocessor 211 retrieves, in step 335 the authorization information 227 (FIG. 2C) from memory 221 (FIG. 2 C). If, however, the microprocessor 211 (FIG. 2C) determines, in step 334 , that the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) (FIG. 2C) has not changed, then the microprocessor 211 (FIG. 2C) retrieves 335 the authorization information 227 (FIG. 2C) without decrementing the counter 231 (FIG. 2 C). After retrieving 335 the authorization information 227 (FIG. 2 C), the microprocessor 211 (FIG.
- step 337 the control word 217 ( i ) (FIG. 2C) from the entitlement control message 107 ( i ) (FIG. 2C) using the authorization information 227 (FIG. 2 C).
- the microprocessor 211 (FIG. 2C) transmits, in step 339 , the control word 217 ( i ) (FIG. 2C) to the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2B) through the interface 205 (FIG. 2 C).
- FIG. 3D is a more detailed flow chart showing the descrambling of the scrambled instance 105 (FIG. 2B) at the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2B) after the transmission 339 (FIG. 3C) of the control word 217 ( i ) (FIG. 2C) from the access device 203 (FIG. 2 C).
- the descrambler 215 (FIG. 2B) of the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2B) receives, in step 341 , the control word 217 ( i ) (FIG. 2B) from the access device 203 (FIG. 2B) through the interface 205 (FIG. 2 B). Using this control word 217 ( i ) (FIG.
- the descrambler 215 (FIG. 2B) then descrambles, in step 343 , the scrambled instance 105 (FIG. 2B) to produce a descrambled instance 123 (FIG. 2 B).
- This descrambled instance 123 (FIG. 2B) is transmitted, in step 345 , to a television set (not shown) for viewing by the subscriber.
- the descrambler receives, step 323 (FIG. 3 B), the next section of the scrambled instance 105 (FIG. 2B) having the appropriate key, and the process repeats itself.
- the method is shown with sequential steps, it will be clear to one of ordinary skill in the art that several of the steps may be performed out of order without effect to the described method.
- the decrementing 337 may be done before the retrieval 333 of the authorization information from memory without effect on the described descrambling process.
- other steps such as the determining step 332 , the retrieval step 333 , and the generating step 335 , may be performed out of order, and in many different permutations, without deviating from the spirit and scope of the invention.
- the foregoing description therefore, has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B show an example system for recharging the access device.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram showing the system 401 for recharging the access card 203 .
- the access device 203 would interface with the recharging station 403 via an interface 205 .
- This interface 205 may be the same as that used to interface the access device 203 with the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2 B), or it may be a separate interface. In the preferred embodiment, the interface 205 serves the dual purpose of interfacing with the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2B) as well as interfacing with the recharging station 403 .
- a recharge command 407 is sent from the recharging station 403 to the access device 203 in response to a user input 405 .
- the user input 405 would be money, a credit card, or other possible methods of payment.
- the recharging station 403 would convert the user input 405 into a recharge command 407 having information relating to the count.
- This recharge command 407 replenishes the access device 203 for further use with the set top terminal 213 (FIG. 2B) in one embodiment of invention 200 (FIG. 2 A).
- FIG. 4B is a more detailed diagram showing the access device 203 configured to increment the counter 231 .
- the microprocessor 211 of the access device 203 receives the recharge command 407 having information relating to the count.
- the microprocessor 211 then sends a count increment 415 to the counter 231 using the count information from the recharge command 407 .
- the counter 231 Once the counter 231 has been incremented, it is now ready to descramble the scrambled instances 105 (FIG. 2 B).
- FIGS. 5A and 5B are flow charts showing the method of generating a recharge command 407 (FIG. 4A) at a recharging station 403 (FIG. 4A) and incrementing a counter 231 (FIG. 4B) in an access device 203 (FIG. 4 B).
- the recharging station 403 receives, in step 511 , a user input 405 (FIG. 4 A).
- the recharging station 403 In response to the user input 405 (FIG. 4 A), the recharging station 403 (FIG. 4A) generates, in step 513 , a recharge command 407 (FIG. 4 A).
- This recharge command 407 (FIG. 4A) is then transmitted, in step 515 , to the access device 203 (FIG. 4A) through an interface 205 (FIG. 4 A).
- the microprocessor 211 (FIG. 4B) of the access device 203 receives, in step 521 , the recharge command 407 (FIG.
- the interface 205 (FIG. 4A) of the recharging station 403 (FIG. 4A) and the access device 203 (FIG. 4A) are encrypted to prevent fraudulent recharging.
- a unique signature is generated to allow verification by the access device of the recharging operation.
- a possible way of accomplishing the secure interface is by implementing a public key encryption and common signature generation method.
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- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
- Storage Device Security (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/780,544 US6725459B2 (en) | 2001-02-09 | 2001-02-09 | Descrambling device for use in a conditional access system |
PCT/US2002/003537 WO2002065776A2 (en) | 2001-02-09 | 2002-02-08 | Descrambling device for use in a conditional access system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/780,544 US6725459B2 (en) | 2001-02-09 | 2001-02-09 | Descrambling device for use in a conditional access system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20020112234A1 US20020112234A1 (en) | 2002-08-15 |
US6725459B2 true US6725459B2 (en) | 2004-04-20 |
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US09/780,544 Expired - Lifetime US6725459B2 (en) | 2001-02-09 | 2001-02-09 | Descrambling device for use in a conditional access system |
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US (1) | US6725459B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002065776A2 (en) |
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US20020141365A1 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-03 | Leung Nikolai K.N. | Method and apparatus for providing protocol options in a wireless communication system |
US20020141591A1 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-03 | Philip Hawkes | Method and apparatus for security in a data processing system |
US20030061489A1 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-27 | Pelly Jason Charles | Embedding data in material |
US20030152364A1 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2003-08-14 | Wajs Andrew Augustine | System for providing scrambled content, and system for descrambling scrambled content |
US20070101357A1 (en) * | 2004-01-22 | 2007-05-03 | Duffield David J | Broadcast conditional access system with impulse purchase capability in a two-way network |
US20070116282A1 (en) * | 2001-08-20 | 2007-05-24 | Qualcomm, Inc. | Method and apparatus for security in a data processing system |
US20070195950A1 (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-08-23 | Nagravision S.A. | Method for the transmission of management data |
US20070204314A1 (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-08-30 | Hasek Charles A | Methods and apparatus for selecting digital access technology for programming and data delivery |
US20070204300A1 (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-08-30 | Markley Jeffrey P | Methods and apparatus for selecting digital interface technology for programming and data delivery |
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US8990869B2 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2015-03-24 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for content caching in a video network |
US9392319B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-07-12 | Nagrastar Llc | Secure device profiling countermeasures |
US9438946B2 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2016-09-06 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for device capabilities discovery and utilization within a content distribution network |
US9503785B2 (en) | 2011-06-22 | 2016-11-22 | Nagrastar, Llc | Anti-splitter violation conditional key change |
US9866609B2 (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2018-01-09 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for premises content distribution |
US9883223B2 (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2018-01-30 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Apparatus and methods for multimedia coordination |
US9930387B2 (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2018-03-27 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Method and apparatus for network bandwidth conservation |
US9961383B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2018-05-01 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for business-based network resource allocation |
US10225592B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2019-03-05 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for content delivery and replacement in a network |
US10223713B2 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2019-03-05 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for user-based targeted content delivery |
US10687115B2 (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2020-06-16 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Cloud-based digital content recorder apparatus and methods |
US10911794B2 (en) | 2016-11-09 | 2021-02-02 | Charter Communications Operating, Llc | Apparatus and methods for selective secondary content insertion in a digital network |
US10939142B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2021-03-02 | Charter Communications Operating, Llc | Apparatus and methods for content storage, distribution and security within a content distribution network |
US11223860B2 (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2022-01-11 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for revenue-optimized delivery of content in a network |
US11496782B2 (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2022-11-08 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Apparatus and methods for selective enforcement of secondary content viewing |
US11722938B2 (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2023-08-08 | Charter Communications Operating, Llc | Switching connections over frequency bands of a wireless network |
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US7693508B2 (en) | 2001-03-28 | 2010-04-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for broadcast signaling in a wireless communication system |
US9100457B2 (en) | 2001-03-28 | 2015-08-04 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for transmission framing in a wireless communication system |
US8024752B2 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2011-09-20 | Thomson Licensing | Method and apparatus for permitting unconfirmed viewing time with addressable pay TV |
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US20030152364A1 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2003-08-14 | Wajs Andrew Augustine | System for providing scrambled content, and system for descrambling scrambled content |
US7116892B2 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2006-10-03 | Irdeto Access B.V. | System for providing scrambled content, and system for descrambling scrambled content |
US20020141365A1 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-03 | Leung Nikolai K.N. | Method and apparatus for providing protocol options in a wireless communication system |
US20020141591A1 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-03 | Philip Hawkes | Method and apparatus for security in a data processing system |
US8121296B2 (en) | 2001-03-28 | 2012-02-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for security in a data processing system |
US8077679B2 (en) | 2001-03-28 | 2011-12-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for providing protocol options in a wireless communication system |
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US8971790B2 (en) | 2003-01-02 | 2015-03-03 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for broadcast services in a communication system |
US8098818B2 (en) | 2003-07-07 | 2012-01-17 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Secure registration for a multicast-broadcast-multimedia system (MBMS) |
US8718279B2 (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2014-05-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Apparatus and method for a secure broadcast system |
US8724803B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2014-05-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for providing authenticated challenges for broadcast-multicast communications in a communication system |
US20070101357A1 (en) * | 2004-01-22 | 2007-05-03 | Duffield David J | Broadcast conditional access system with impulse purchase capability in a two-way network |
US9930387B2 (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2018-03-27 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Method and apparatus for network bandwidth conservation |
US8036387B2 (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2011-10-11 | Nagra Vision S.A. | Method for the transmission of management data |
US20070195950A1 (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-08-23 | Nagravision S.A. | Method for the transmission of management data |
US9398336B2 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2016-07-19 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for selecting digital interface technology for programming and data delivery |
US8804767B2 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2014-08-12 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for selecting digital coding/decoding technology for programming and data delivery |
US8718100B2 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2014-05-06 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for selecting digital interface technology for programming and data delivery |
US8170065B2 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2012-05-01 | Time Warner Cable Inc. | Methods and apparatus for selecting digital access technology for programming and data delivery |
US10051302B2 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2018-08-14 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for device capabilities discovery and utilization within a content distribution network |
US9049346B2 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2015-06-02 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for selecting digital access technology for programming and data delivery |
US10009652B2 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2018-06-26 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for selecting digital access technology for programming and data delivery |
US20070204300A1 (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-08-30 | Markley Jeffrey P | Methods and apparatus for selecting digital interface technology for programming and data delivery |
US9438946B2 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2016-09-06 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for device capabilities discovery and utilization within a content distribution network |
US20070204314A1 (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-08-30 | Hasek Charles A | Methods and apparatus for selecting digital access technology for programming and data delivery |
US10743066B2 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2020-08-11 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for selecting digital access technology for programming and data delivery |
US10863220B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2020-12-08 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for content delivery and replacement in a network |
US10225592B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2019-03-05 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for content delivery and replacement in a network |
US9596489B2 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2017-03-14 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for content caching in a video network |
US10223713B2 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2019-03-05 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for user-based targeted content delivery |
US10810628B2 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2020-10-20 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for user-based targeted content delivery |
US8990869B2 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2015-03-24 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for content caching in a video network |
US10085047B2 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2018-09-25 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for content caching in a video network |
US11223860B2 (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2022-01-11 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for revenue-optimized delivery of content in a network |
US9961383B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2018-05-01 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for business-based network resource allocation |
US10965727B2 (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2021-03-30 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for premises content distribution |
US9866609B2 (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2018-01-09 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for premises content distribution |
US9503785B2 (en) | 2011-06-22 | 2016-11-22 | Nagrastar, Llc | Anti-splitter violation conditional key change |
US11496782B2 (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2022-11-08 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Apparatus and methods for selective enforcement of secondary content viewing |
US9883223B2 (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2018-01-30 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Apparatus and methods for multimedia coordination |
US9392319B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-07-12 | Nagrastar Llc | Secure device profiling countermeasures |
US10687115B2 (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2020-06-16 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Cloud-based digital content recorder apparatus and methods |
US11695994B2 (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2023-07-04 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Cloud-based digital content recorder apparatus and methods |
US10911794B2 (en) | 2016-11-09 | 2021-02-02 | Charter Communications Operating, Llc | Apparatus and methods for selective secondary content insertion in a digital network |
US11973992B2 (en) | 2016-11-09 | 2024-04-30 | Charter Communications Operating, Llc | Apparatus and methods for selective secondary content insertion in a digital network |
US11722938B2 (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2023-08-08 | Charter Communications Operating, Llc | Switching connections over frequency bands of a wireless network |
US10939142B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2021-03-02 | Charter Communications Operating, Llc | Apparatus and methods for content storage, distribution and security within a content distribution network |
US11553217B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2023-01-10 | Charter Communications Operating, Llc | Apparatus and methods for content storage, distribution and security within a content distribution network |
US12081808B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2024-09-03 | Charter Communications Operating, Llc | Apparatus and methods for content storage, distribution and security within a content distribution network |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002065776A2 (en) | 2002-08-22 |
WO2002065776A3 (en) | 2002-12-05 |
US20020112234A1 (en) | 2002-08-15 |
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