US678408A - Ring-spinning machine. - Google Patents

Description

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. RING SPINNING MACHINE.

(Application led Mar. 6, 1897.) l (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

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' No. 678,408. Patentd my I6, |9ol'.l

w. LENGwElLEn.

RING SPINNING MACHINE.

(Application led Mar. 6. 1897.)

(no nom.)

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WILHELM LENGWEILR, OF WANGEN, ALGAU, GERMANY.

RING-SPINNING MACHINE.

stencil-*ricamata forming part of Letters Patent No. 678,408, dated July ie, 1901.

Application filed March 6, 1897.

T0 if/ZZ whom, t may concern?.-

Beit known that I, WILHELM LENGWEILER, a citizen of Switzerland, residing at Wangen, Algau, Kingdom of AlVrtemberg, Germany, (whose post-office address is the same,) have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ring-Spinning Machines, (patented to me in Great Britain, dated January 29, 1897, No. 2,454,and in Germany,dated January 24, 1897, No. 103,540,) of which the following is a speciication.

My invention relates to improvements in ring-spinning machines.

The object of my invention is to provide a ring-spinning machine by means of which large cops, pin-cops, and pirns may be spun on the same spindle in the form of self-actor cops in a similar butl economically more advantageous manner than on the self-actor, which was hitherto impossible with ring-spinning machines. The spinning may take place directly on the ring-spindles withoutthe use of wood or paper cones or on narrow holders or sheaths extending right through or on short ones not extending right through in counts up to No. English, inclusive.

My invention consists in the features, details of construction, and combination of parts which will rst be described in connection with the accompanying drawings and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a detail side elevation of so much of a ring-spinning machine as is necessary to illust-ate my invention; Fig. 2, a diagrammatic View illustrating the formation of the cam device employed by me; Fig. 3, a detail View of the mechanism for raising the ring-rail; Fig. 4, a similar View of the lifting-cam. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of one of the ring-spindles and its att-ached parts, indicating the manner of forming a cop; Fig. 6, a similar view showing the formation of another size of cop, and Fig. 7 a detail view to be referred to hereinafter.

The ring-spindle A, Figs. 5, 6, and 7, is mounted below in a long bush or bolster F in such a way that similarly to a foot-step and neck bearing it only bears against the bolster at top and bottom. This carrying-bolster F is formed at the top with a spherical projection f and is suspended by this in a bolstercase E, which is screwed fast to the spinningrail H in the ordinary way by means of a nut e. This ball --joint, in combination with a serial No. 626,257. (No model.)

spring g, arranged at the lower part of the bolster F, has for its object to equalize any pressure exerted by the spindle-cord on the ball. By this means the wear and tear of the bearings is reduced, and especially an extreme/ly quiet running of the spindle is produced. A sleeve B, with a whirl b, is fixed on the spindle, and an annular recess is formed in the lower projection b of the said whirl, in which recess an annular projection e of the bolster-case E engages. The bolster F for the purpose of lubricating the spindle A is provided with a number of holes o 0' o2 o5, through which the lubricant can reach all the necessary points of the spindle A from the bolster-case E or through openings in the spherical projection f.

Any rotation of the bolster F is prevented by the spring g, attached thereto,which spring engages in a groove of the bolster-case E.

Any unintentional lifting or rising of the spindle is prevented by a wire loop M, revolubly mounted at one side of the bolster-case, the point m of which loop engages over the whirl b, the excess weight m' of the loop rendering more difficult any lifting of the spindle.

The lubrication of the spindle is effected after the sleeve B and spindle have been raised by pouring the lubricant into the annular channel formed by the projection e' in the bolster-case E, which channel communicates with the lower hollow part of the socket by means of small openings. All the impurities in the oil or lubricant may accumulate inthe lower part of the bolster-case, so that the troublesome pumping out only needs to -be effected after long periods ofworking and at most once every three months. The upper dimensions of the spindle are similar to those of self-actor spindles, and the spindle is so adjusted that its point-lies only about iifteen millimeters below `a suitable threadguide w.

For spinning large and small cops in the form of self-actor cops thetraveler-rings C and C have a clear diameter of only' thirtyfive millimeters forlarge (thirty-two-millimeter) cops and twenty-live millimeters forsmall (twenty-two-millimeter) cops. As the threadguide stands only fteen millimeters above the spindle and as small rings are used, such a small ballooning of the thread results that breakages of the thread are avoided, even with the softest stocking or knitting yarns.

This has been confirmed by exhaustive experiments. In the outwardlyequal -sized ring-bushes U and U for these rings a slot is formed in the usual manner, so that they are compressible and have a spring action and may be conveniently replaced orinterchanged while being automatically held sufciently firmly on being inserted in the ring-rail. If smaller cops-such, for instance, as pin-cops or pirns-are to be spun, a thicker ring socket or bush U', with a smaller ring C', only twenty-[ive millimeters in width, is inserted, while the same spindle is used. In spinning pirns a paper sleeve tapering at the top is placed on the spindle, on which the ordinary thin paper holder or tube is placed.

In order to make large and small cops in the form of self-actor cops on a ring-spinning machine, a further apparatus (shown in Figs. l to a) is necessary in addition to the above spindle andring arrangement. The selfactor cops have, as is well known, a windingsurface similar to the outer surface of a cone, and each two winding layers are separated from one another by a separating layer (spiral) of greater pitch. Firmness and tightness are further obtained by the points being compressed by a hard Winding, and in order to increase the integrity the layers increase in height to about the center of the yarn cop-that is, up to the finish of the projection-from whence they gradually diminish until the cop is completed. The size and dimensions of self-actor cops may be adapted to the actual purposes-thus, for instance, large cops for knitted goods, warps, or the like, small cops for insertion and wefts, and pirns for weaving backing material. Selfactor cops also show evenness of the thread as regards twist and tension. Further, in making the separating layer (between two coiled layers) the pitch of the same must be, for instance, four times as great as in the coil layers. Thus on each winding on of the cop four-fifths of the thread length will fall to the coiled layer and one-fifth to the dividing layer. The winding layer is formed during the rise of the carriage, the dividing layer on the descent of the same.

The ring-rail D, on which the rings C C, with the travelers c, are conveniently removably mounted, is, as usual, mounted on a vertical rod d, adjustable in a guide sheath or bolster D'. rIhe shaft d rests with its footplate d on a roller q, carried by one arm of an elbow-lever Q, a projection q' on the other arm of said lever being connected, by means of a chain R', with a chain-wheel r. A second and larger chain-wheel 7' is mounted on the same shaft as the first-named chain-wheel 1", and a second chain R is attached to this second wheel and is carried over a windingup wheel S, which by means of a worm-wheel S', mounted on the same spindles?, a worm s', and a ratchet-wheel T (the pawl of which is not, however, shown in the drawings) draws the chain R after each winding on of a copthread layer and correspondingly raises the ring-frame D. The winding-on wheel S and its rotating device are mounted at the end of a lever N, which is pivoted at the other end on a pin n. This lever N is moved up and down at each cop layer by means of a cam.

So far this apparatus does not differ from those hitherto employed for making ordinary cops on the ring-spinning machines. In order, however, to obtain the self-actor cop form, the method of moving the lever N up and down must be a peculiar one. In the upward movement of the ring-rail an even winding of the conical-sh aped cop takes place, while in the downward movement the intermediate layer (spiral) with greater pitch is wound on the cop. As each cop layer on the base of the truncated cone requires a longer time for Winding than previously, the form of the cam-disk L must be such that the descent of the lever N, which corresponds to a lifting of the ring-rail D, is greater according to the greater diminution of the diameter of the winding-cone. In the formation of the separating layer of the cop, on the otherhand, in which the lever N rises and the ring-rail D descends, the latter must descend, gradually slowing off compared with the rising of the ring-rail, the ratio of those two motions being about one to four. The ring-rail D rises and falls once to each revolution of the cam-disk L. The winding-on layer of the cop during the rising of the ring-rail D requires four times longer time than the dividing or separation layer. Therefore in one entire revolution of the cam-that is, three hundred and sixty degrees-four-fths, or two hundred and eighty-eight degrees, are necessary for the winding-on layer and only onefth, or seventy-two degrees, for the dividing layer.

As the speed of rotation of the cam L is an even one, one windingcoil on the lower larger diameter of the truncated cone-shaped cop layer corresponds to a greater angle suitable to the greater diameter of this layer than one Winding on the upper smaller diameter on the cop layer. The angular diminution of the cam is a regular one, corresponding to the separate diminishing coils.

The form of the cam as a whole consists of two spirals of unequal pitch put together, one of which occupies substantially four-lifths and the other one-fifth of the total angle of the cam-disk. In other words, the cam is of gradually-increasing radii for the greater extent of its periphery, while for the remaining extent thereof the same is of gradually-decreasing radii. The maximum eccentricity of the cam is obtained 'from the maximum winding height of the compound cop (assumed to be sixty millimeters) and also from the proportions of transfer of the lever and wheels for the chain by means of which the ring-frame is raised and lowered. In order that at the end of the upward movement and at the commencement of the downward one IOC IIO

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cra-tos the threads, as in self-actor (compound) cops, may be drawn down sharply over the point, and thereby wound steeper and more iirmly with the object of assisting, by means of the interwound intermediate spiral, in obtaining a iirm cop, the cam L is given a sharp point at the point Z of transfer from the upward to the downward movement-that is to say, the said cam has 'a rapid rise at the end of the upward movement and a corresponding rapid fall at the commencement of the downward movement. When one layer has been formedthat is to say, when the ring-rail has completed one `upward and downward movement-the chain-winding-up wheel S is rotated by means of worm-wheel S', worm s', and ratchet-wheel T, by the latter being pushe'd forward, whereby a piece of the chain Ris drawn in.

In order to effect somewhat more quickly the formation of the swell of the cop, a projection r3 is arranged in the ordinary manner on the larger chain-wheel r, which projection is adapted to press the chain R outward, and thereby diminish the movement of the cop from the commencement of the swell to its completion. As at each cop layer the same given length of yarn is wound up immaterially of how large the diameter and movement of the cop layer may be and the ringrail has at first a slower upward movement, a larger quantity of yarn is wound up at each layer on the sheath or tube at the commencey ment of the formation of the swell than before. A greater thickness of layers is thereby attained, which becomes gradually smaller, until on the completion of the swell it is quite even over the whole cone-surface, and then gradually increases in consequence of the movement of the cop layers becoming smaller.

In order that the cops shall have below a conical instead of an oval form and inthe center a cylindrical form, the ring-rail must at first be moved upward more rapidly, the said movement gradually diminishing up to the completion of the swell and again somewhat increasing until the completion of the cop. This is effected by means of a specia[ form of the chain-winding wheel S. This wheel has a radially-projecting catch or stud s, to which the winding-up chain R is attached in such a way that on the commencement of the formation of the swell of the cop the end of the chain lies in the axial horizontal plane of the wheel. If the wheel S be then rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figs. l and 4E, a more rapid lift of the ring-frame D takes place at the first until the bulge or swell of the cop is completed. In order then that the cop may retain an outward cylindrical form, the lift of the ring-rail must take place somewhat faster. This is effected by the wheel S having a cam form between the points II and III-that is to say, a gradually-increasing radii.

The gradual shortening of the lift of the cop layers upward from sixty to forty-five millimeters is attained by means of a guidesupport P for the chain R between the chainroller r and the winding-up wheel S. This support P has an angular slot p 1o', the upper part p of which is elliptical in form in order not to cause any extension ofthe length of the chain so long as the guide-pin r2 of the chain lies therein, while the lower slot p has an inclined position. The chain R is guided by means of a pin or stud r2 working inthis slot. As long as the swell of the cop' is being formed the pin r2 lies in the upper part p of the slot even when the lever N stands at its lowest position. On the further winding up of the chain R on the wheel S after completion of the cop swell the pin r2 at the end of the movement of the layer comes deeper into the slot p', and consequently the chain guided in the support P forms gradually an always greater angle until at last it becomes straight. The chain is thereby extended in the lowest position of the lever N, while the rise of the ring-frame is smaller-that is to say, the movement of the cop layers is smaller.

The extension of the chain R is calculated as follows: Corresponding to the radii of the chain-rollers r and r the chain R has a longer course to make than the chain R and than the ring-rail. The initial shortening of the chain R must therefore amount to so much that the extension of the chain R at the end of the formation of the cop equals fifteen millimeters. If, for instance, the distance between the Wheels r and s equals four hundred and fifty millimeters and wheel r has a diameter of one hundred millimeters and Wheelr of eighty millimeters, the initial shortening of the chain must amount to l5 2 18 millimeters and the slot deflection equal e/mshiwzci millimeters.

According to the higher or lower count of the yarn a larger or smaller ratchet-wheel T is employed and the ratchet movement may be dimished or increased.

If small cops-such, for instance, as those shown in Fig. G-are to be spun, the ratchetmovement must be suitably altered to correspond with the smaller diameter and the ringrail placed higher by means of the doiing motion. Smaller rings must also be inserted in the ring-rail, and the angle of winding up on the wheel S'must be made suitably smaller. A smaller swell and thinner cop are thus produced and also a lesser diminution of Lift during the formation of the swell, and a point is produced, as in large cops. The thread tension is also more favorable than before, as the ballooning has become smaller, owing to the smaller traveler-rings, andthe pull of the traveler is equally as effective as before, as the angles of deflection of the thread are scarcely altered. Thus by means of the arrangements hereinbefore described-namely,

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the peculiar ring-spindles and ring arrangement, the peculiar winding-up cam, the peculiarly-shaped chain-winding-up wheel, and the compulsory guidance of the chain R-it is possible to spin on the same spindle in ringspinning machines all kinds of cops of similar construction and form to self-actor cops on holders which extend right through or shorter holders which do not, while producing the best thread possible, and thereby to obtain important economic advantages.

For instance, the production by means of this improved universal ring-Spinning ma' chine per spindle in eleven hours is 12.5 English hanks with a number of revolutions of seven thousand three hundred and eightyeight per minute for No. 20 Macco yarn with 11.18 revolutions per English inch. On the self-actor, on the contrary,with yarn of similar count and twist with nine thousand two hundred and twenty-six revolutions of the spindles only 6.25 English hanks per spindle and day of eleven hours can be produced.

As breakages of thread in this machine are almost entirely avoided, one operator alone can conveniently attend to tive hundred such spindles. On the other hand, for two selfactors, each having eight hundred spindles, the following operatives are necessary: one spinner, two piecers, and one Winder.

Even as against the usual ring-spinning machines the cost of manufacture of this machine is by this improved arrangement considerably reduced, as the antiballooning plates or wires necessary in the older ringspindles are here dispensed with.

From the description of the apparatus embodying my invention hereinabove given it will be seen that my invention, broadly considered, consists in means for giving the ringrail, rst, a relatively slow movement in one direction-viz., downward-whereby the winding layer proper is wound on; second, a relatively very quick movement in the same directionthat is, downward-for a com paratively short distance; ihird, a similar very quick movement for a short distance in the opposite direction viz., upward and, fourth, a movement in the latter directionviz., upward-at a rate of speed quicker than the iirst-mentioned movement, the second and third movements winding the point of the cop in such a manner as to render the same tirm, while the fourth movement causes the winding of the spiral dividing layer. These movements are produced by the peculiar form of cam M employed by me. Moreover, my invention also comprises meollanism for altering the terminal points of the total movement in both directions-that is to say, for lifting the spindle to a new position for each winding-on layer-this mechanism in the example shown being the chain-winding device carried by the lever N. In addition, my invention includes also a device for altering the amount of movement in each direction, this device consisting in the present instance of the chain-controlling mechanism embracing the slotted chain-guide P, into whose slot p a pin r2, secured to the chain, enters.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a ring-spinning machine, the combination with a ring-rail, of means tending to reciprocate the ring-frame through a cycle of movements comprisingk a relatively slow motion in one direction, a relatively quick motion in the opposite direction, and intermediate these two motions, a quick motion in the first direction and then in the second direction, for a relatively shortdistance, means tending to shift in one direction, first relatively quickly, then relatively slowly, and then again relatively quicker, the terminals of the movement of the ring-frame, mechanism for operating said shift-ing means after each cycle of movements of the ring-frame, and means modifying the tendencies of the above-mentioned reciprocating and shifting means whereby the ring-frame receives a resulting movement from all the said means inversely proportional to the diameter of that part of the cop being wound.

2. In a ring-spinning machine, the combination with a ring-frame, a cam, and a lever operated by the cam, of a chain-winding roller, and an operating-gear therefor mounted on said lever, said chain-Winding roller having a nose, a chain connected to said nose and arranged to transmit the movement of the lever to the ring-frame, a stud connected to the chain, and a fixed guide device provided with an angle-shaped slot into which said stud projects.

3. In a ring-spinning machine, the combination with a ring-frame, a bell-crank lever having one arm arranged to lift the ringframe, a doing-motion device, and a pair of chain-wheels mounted thereon, one of said chain-wheels having a nose, of a cam, a lever operated by the cam, a chain-winding roller, and an operating-gear therefor mounted on the said lever, said chain-Windin g roller having a nose, a chain connecting one'of the chain-wheels on the dofIing-motion device to one arm of the bell-crank lever, a second chain connecting that chain-wheel on the deling-motion device which has the nose, to the chain-winding roller on the lever, a stud secured to the latter chain, anda fixed guide device provided with an angle-shaped slot into which said stud projects.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specication in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

WILHELM LENGVVEILER.

Witnesses:

AUGUST B. DRAUTZ, CHRISTIAN BAUER.

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