US627375A - Giulio serra zanetti - Google Patents

Description

Patented lune 20, |899.

G. S. ZANETTI.

DAM 0R HEVETMENT.

(Applcatioh led Aug. 14, 1897.)

for

(No Model.)

wzlznesses 9 I 711/6 vz NITED STATES GIULIO SERRA ZANETTI, `OF BOLOGNA, ITALY.

DAM 0R REVETMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 627,375, dated June 20, 1899.

Application letl August 14, 1897.

T0 all whom it' may concernf Beit known that I, GIULIO SERRA ZANETTI, a subject of the King of Italy, and a vresident of Bologna, Italy, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dams or Revetments, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to dams for closing crevasses in levees or river-banks and also to revetments, means for protecting and reinforcing banks of rivers and other bodies of water, breakwaters, and the like; and it will be fully understood from thel following description and'claims when taken inconjunction with the annexed drawings, in which- Figure l is a detail view illustrativeof the woven-wire fabric which enters into all of the several embodiments of my invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a plurality of receptacles of circular formvin Icross-section, formed by a single strip lof woven-wire fabric and designed to be filled with broken stone or other suitable material. Fig. 3 is an en larged plan view of one of the rings used to preserve the shape of the circular receptacles; Fig. 4 is an end view of two parallel series of receptacles formed by a' single continuous strip of woven-wire fabric. Fig. 5 is an end view of a series of connected receptacles of rectangular form in cross-section. Fig. 6 is a view of one ofthe squares used to preserve the shape. of the rectangular receptacles. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a plurality of receptacles of rectangular form in cross-section, connected together so as to -form a wall of the shape of a parallelepipedon. Fig. 8 is a perspective. view of a wall constructed in accordance with my invention; Figs. 9 and 10 comprise perspective views of two' forms of walls for protecting banks of a body of water, together with protracted views of' the same. Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a series of connected receptacles forming a wall. Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a modified form of wall. Fig. 13 is an end View ofthe same. Fig. 14 is a perspective view of another form of wall. Fig. 15 `is an end'view of the same.

' Referring by letter to the said drawings, A (see Fig. 1) indicates the woven-wire fabric of galvanized iron wire-which enters into all the embodiments of my invention, the said serai No. 648,326. (No moda.)

wire fabric having a mesh of suitable size in proportion to the material to be used for filling and being Woven byv the simplertwisting of one wire upon the other, thus givingthe fabric a great suppleness, which will enable the several devicesihereinafter described) formed of it to readily adapt themselves to' all. the irregular forms of river banks or beds. The wire fabric is in preference usually strengthened by means of yribs a, formed of wire rods arranged at suitable intervals and 'secured'in the fabricby the woven wire thereof. These rods a, in additionl to strengthening the fabric, serve another purpose, which will be readily understood by reference t'o Figs. 2 and 3. In theformerigure is shown a wall B',which comprises a number of upright receptacles C, of circular form in cross-section, arranged side by side and adapted to contain pebbles, broken stone, or other suitable filling.' In forming this wall B the fabric A is bentupon is middle rod ct, and each corresponding pair of intermediate rods a, as well as the .end pair, are connected Aby'lneans of galvanized iron wire. The separate` receptacles vO thus formed are each provided `with a'plurality 'of rings b, which are placedwithin them and are secured to the wire fabric A by galvanized iron wire ori other suitable means, said rings b having for their function to preserve the circular form of the receptacles in cross-section. In the wall'B (shown in Fig. 2) the lower ends of the receptacles or stacks O'are sewed together and/closed by wire,- so as to retain their filling 'of pebbles or broken stone within them. When, however, the wall is arranged on andv connected to a base-cage D of Woven wire, (see Fig. 8,) the lower ends of the upright receptacles or-stacks O are left open and in communication with the base-cage, sothat the filling of pebbles or broken stone shoveled into the upper ends of the receptacles -O will pass through said re ceptacles C into the base-cage until saidcage is fully occupied and will theny occupy'the said receptacles C', the feeding of the lling being continued until the receptacles C', as well as the base-cage D, are filled.

In Fig. 4 is shown a double wall B', formed IOO of a single strip of fabric A, said wall coni- I for the reception of broken stone or other filling, as shown. In forming this Wall B a strip of fabric A of greater length than that employed in forming the wall B is bent upon itself in opposite directions, and each corresponding pair of intermediate rods are connected together by means of galvanized wire to form the receptacles C2, the circular form of said receptacles in cross-section being preserved by the rings b in the same manner as in Fig. 2. The ends of the piece of fabricA in the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 may be secured in any suitable manner.

In Figs. 5 and 7 is shown a modified wall B2, which is in the form of a parallelepipedon and comprises a plurality of receptacles C3, of rectangular shape in cross-section, designed to receive a filling ofbroken stone or the like, the said receptacles being connected by wire or other suitable means and being preserved in their original shape by squares Z1 of iron or other suitable metal. (See Fig. 6.)

Vhen broken stone, pebbles, or other suitable filling is not plentiful, a wall B5 (see Figs. l2 and I3) lnaybe employed, the said wall comprising connected sections, which are respectively formed of one piece of wire fabric and respectively comprise the receptacles C, with the portion of fabric t' interposed between them. iVhere a stronger Wall, entailing the employment of a small amount of filling, is desired, the wall B6 (shown in Figs. 14 and l5) may be employed. This wall comprises receptacles C7 and parallel portions of fabric it?, interposed between the same, as shown.

The walls shown in Figs. 2, l2, and 14 are designed to be'placed vertically or on an ineline against the bank of a river or oth er body of water, and they are therefore provided with cords t, connected to and extended along their upper edges with free end portions, as shown, intermediate vertical cords t', which have eX- tended ends, as shown, and intermediate horizontal cords t2, also with extended ends. The cords t t' and sometimes the cords t2 are of use in lowering the walls to their proper position and properly adjusting the same, and the cords t t are also designed to be fastened to trees or other natural or artificial objects fixed in the grou nd to secure them in position,while the cords t2 are designed to connect one wall to the ends of the walls contiguous thereto, thus insuring the stability of the walls and enabling them to protect a river-bank against the action of the stream.

The walls shown in Figsmi; and 7 may also be provided with cords t t t2 when necessary, although they are not shown as provided with the same.

When it is desired to provide a bank or levee with a protecting-wall of high resisting power, subwalls B7, such as shown in Fig. Il, are arranged side by side, so that the direction of their length is at right angles to the face of the bank or levee. In order to connectthe subwalls together, each is lprovided with wire or metallic cords f3, and in order to fasten them to a bank or levee they are provided with cords f similar to those before described.

Another wall of great defensive power may be formed by arranging subwalls B8, such as shown in Fig. 9, or subwalls B, such as shown in Fig. IO, side by side and connecting them together and to the bank or levee. The subwall B8 preferably comprises two upright receptacles of circular form in cross-section and a third receptacle which is of a less length than the other two and merges'at its lower end in a sloping base-cage, as shown. The subwall B comprises one receptacle of rectangular form in cross-section and a second shorter receptacle, of rectangular form in cross-section, which merges at its lower end in a sloping base-cage. The said subwalls B8 B may be provided with cables f t3 similar to those onA the subwalls of the wall B7.

All of the walls of Wire-netting and stone or other filling described are designed for use in a vertical or in an inclined position to protect the banks of rivers and other bodies of Water.

In addition to reinforcing and protecting levees or banks of streams or other bodies of water the walls may be used in repairing breaks, different types of Walls being used, according to the seriousness of the crevasse or threatened crevasse. I would also have it understood that, when necessary, walls embodying but a single layer each may be arranged one in front of the other to form a thick wall of great strength.

In Fig. S is shown awall B11, which has piles Z driven through its base-cage D to secure it in position. This wall B11 is designed for use at the foot of a bank or levee at times when the waters have subsided and when it is neeessary to securely repair a break or weakened spot in the bank or levee. After the base-cage of the wall has sunk sufliciently in the bed of the river to maintain the wall in position the piles Z may be withdrawn, so as to permit of a further sinking of the baseeage if the river-bed be of such a nature as to permit of the same.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isl. A wall for use in reinforcing and protecting river banks or levees and repairing breaks or crevasses therein comprising a plurality of receptacles formed of woven-wire fabric and connected together, rigid frames arranged in said receptacles and connected to the woven-Wire fabric so as to preserve the shape of the receptacles, and a filling of broken stone or other suitable material arranged in said receptacles, substantially as specified.

2. A wall for use in reinforcing and protecting river banks or levees and repairing breaks or crevasses therein comprising a piece of woven-wire fabric; said piece of fabric being bent upon itself and having its bent portions connected so as to form receptacles, and

IOO

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a suitable filling arranged in said receptacles, substantially as specified.

3. A Wall for use in reinforcing and protecting river banks or levees and repairing breaks orcrevasses therein, comprising a piece of woven-wire fabric having stiffening-rods at intervals in its length; said piece of fabric being bent upon itself and having the said rods connected together so as to form receptacles, and a suitable filling arranged in said receptacles, substantially as specified.

4. A wall for use in reinforcing and protecting river banks or levees and repairing breaks or crevasses therein, comprising a plurality of receptacles formed' of woven-Wire fabric and connected together, a base-cage of woven-Wire fabric connected to the lower ends of the said receptacles and communicating with the same, and a suitable filling occupying said receptacles and base-cage, substantially as specified.

5. A Wall for use in reinforcing and protecting river banks and levees and repairing breaks or crevasses therein, comprising a plurality of receptacles formed of woven-wire fabric and connected together, a base-cage of woven wire connected to the lower ends of the said receptacles and communicating with the same, piles for securing the said base= cage to the bed of a river, and asuitable Illing occupying the said receptacles and basecage, substantially as specified.

6. An appliance for use in reinforcing and protecting river levees or banks and repairing breaks or crevasses therein, comprising a plurality of receptacles formed of woven-wire fabric and connected together, a suitable filling arranged in the said receptacles, and metallic cables connected to said wall and designed for use in connncting it with other walls and with the bank or levee,substantially as specied.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this 12th day of July, 1897. l

GIULlO SERRA ZANETTI.

Witnesses:

F. I. WENEDITTY, AUGUST EGGENSCHWILER.

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