US511386A - white - Google Patents

Description

(No, Model.)

J. WHITE.

JOINTING. ROOFING SHEETS.

' 'No. 511,386. Pa.tente'd-.Deo.'26,1893.

3 Sheets Sheet 2 (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

. J. WHITE.

JOINTING ROOFING SHEETS H No.511,3'86. Patented Dc; Z6-,=1893.x

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES WHITE, OFBROOKLYN, ASSIGNOR TO THE TWIST PIPE COMPANY, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

JOINTING ROOFING-SHEETS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 511,386, dated December 26,1893

Application filed March 26, 1892. Renewed May 29, 1893- Serial No. 475,982. (No model.)

To whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES WHITE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, Kings county, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Jointing Roofing-Sheets, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

The object of this invention is to furnish an expansible or yielding joint for the edges of roofing sheets and to anchor the joint securely to the roof. This object I accomplish by forming flanges upon the roofing sheets, with inclined sides, and edges projected above the level of the sheet, and adapted to overlap upon a wooden strip. The lapped joint of two edges is secured by nails and covered by a cap which is held in place without nails, and therefore without perforating the same. The strip of wood may be made witha grooved or a flat top, the groove being preferred, as it looks the edges of the flanges upon the strip and thus helps them to resist any-lateral strain. The strips are secured to the roof before or after the edges of the sheets are lapped thereon, and the flanges are nailed to the strips so that the roofing sheets are securely anchored to the roof. The expansion of the sheet is absorbed by the sloping sides of the flange, and the joint is thus protected from the strains of expansion and contraction. When the joint is exposed to the weather the cap is made wide enough to cover the highest portion of both flanges, and has its edges turned down to throw the water upon the sloping sides, and in such case, the cap is held in place by narrow cleats, first secured trans- Versely across the joint, with their ends bent over the edges of the cap to hold the latter in place. Where the joint is not exposed to the weather, as in the case of sidings, the cap may be made narrower than the top portion of the flanges and secured over the joint by nails extended through the cap and the edges of the flanges.

The invention is shown in the annexed drawings in connection with flat sheets having joints upon opposite edges, and also in connection with a composite sheet representing'six tiles, and having an imitation joint between the rows of tiles.

Figure l is a full sized diagram showing the ends of two sheets with their adjacent edges overlapped in readiness to receive the cap. The sheets are broken at the middle of their width, and the roofing board, beneath the same, for Want of space upon the drawings. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the joint of two sheets with the cleat secured by a nail, and the cap secured by the cleat. Fig. 3 is a plan of a sheet with the edges flanged as described. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of vthe cleat. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the wooden strip. Fig. 6 is a perspective viewof the cap Figs. 5 and 6 being broken to represent an indefinite length; and Fig. 7 represents the joint with a cap nailed over the channels. Fig. 8 shows the roof board with the ends of three roofing sheets having flat edges. Fig. 9 shows a cap to cover the same; Fig. 10 a cleat to hold such cap in place, and Fig. 11 a diagram showing the application of the cap and cleat to the flat edges of the flanges. Fig. 12 is an end View of a composite sheet provided with my improved joint, and Fig. 13 is a plan of the same. Figs. 3 and 5 are drawn upon a smaller scale than the other figures.

sis the roofing sheet, and t the boards ppon which the roof is laid. The flange formed upon each sheet is provided with a sloping side at having an edge projected laterally above the level of the sheet, which in Fig. 1 is shown with a downwardly bent portion b and an upwardly bent portion a forming a V- shaped channel d above the level of the sheet.

In Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive, the strip of wood to is formed with a V-shaped groove in the top, corresponding with the shape of the channel d, and by forming the opposite edges of the sheet with identical flanges the edges of the flanges may be overlapped in the groove, with one channel inside the other, thus forming a water tight joint.

In applying this invention to a roof, the sheets of metal would sometimes be jointed together in long strips, and passed through IO another until the whole roof was covered,

nails e being driven through the bottoms of the channels into the strips from time to time to hold the strips and the sheets in their proper position. Such nails would expose the joints to leakage, and where it is necessary to protect the same from theweather, a cap f is formed in convenient lengths and adapted to cover the top portion of the flanges above the wooden strip; the edges f of the cap being bent downward to throw the water off of thejoint upon the sloping portion a of the flanges, whence it would run down upon the sheets as desired. To hold the cap in place Without perforating the same, cleats consisting in narrow strips g are bent to fit transversely in the bottom of the channel with their ends projected beyond the edges of the cap, as shown in Fig. 4:. In Fig. 2, such cleat is shown secured over the joint by a nail e driven through the whole joint and through the strip w into the roofing boards t. In Fig. 2, the ends of the cleat are shown in dotted lines in their original form, and in full lines bent over the edges of the cap; thus securing the same in place without perforating the cap at any point. The successive sections of the cap would be joined at their ends by lapping them, as would also the roofing sheets, as is common with slates or shingles, or the transversejoints-may be made tight by solderif the roof be made very flat. The sloping sides of the flange at the edge of each sheet, forms a space or clearance 01, between such flange and the upright sides of the strip to, and the body of the sheet is thus enabled to expand or contract without any crowding of the sheet upon the parts which form the joint. When the edges of the flanges are formed with V-shaped channels, the engagement of such channels with the groove in the strip tends to lock the joint upon the strip, and thus assist also in preserving the joint in great measure from the strains of expansion and contraction.

In Figs. 2 and 6, the cap is shown at the middle of its width concaved, which is done for ornament merely, and serves to produce a pleasing effect when the roof is covered with a series of sheets united by such joints. The cap may be flat, or may be arched without altering its function, which, when its edges extend over the top of the joint, is to fully exclude the weather from the same. This system of jointing sheets may be used for siding or for ceilings, in which case the nails 6 would not be exposed so much to the weather,

and the cap may be made narrower than the top of the joint, as shown in Fig. 7, and se cured in place by nails e driven through the middle line of the cap into the strip 20. The ed es of the flanges may be made flat, as

sh wn in Figs. 8 and 11,in which case the cap is necessarily arched as shown in Fig. 9, and

the cleats are preferably formed to extend down the sloping sides a little way as shown in Fig. 10, and in the dotted lines g in Fig. 11. Such a form for the cleats permits the edges of the cap to embrace such sloping sides before it is secured in place by the bent ends of the cleats, as shown in Fig. 11.

Fig. 11 shows the applieationof the invention to fire proof roofs which are heavily coated with hydraulic cement or analogous plastic material, in the substance of which the strips to may be readily bedded as shown in Fig. 11, so as to anchor the roofing sheets to the cement when the sheets are nailed to the strips.

Figs. 12 and 13 show the invention applied to composite sheets, each of which represents a number of shingles, tiles, or other metallic coverings, formed in one piece.

.9 represent longitudinal and transverse ridges which imitate a series of earthen tiles overlapped on one another, the margin of the sheet upon the opposite sides being formed with the flanges a, b, c, to produce joints of the same shape as that shown in Fig. 1; and hollow ribs d are pressed in the sheet metal intermediate to the ridges s, to imitate complete joints of the same shape. The surface of the sheet between the several rows of tiles thus presents the same appearance at all points upon the roof, and produces a more perfect imitation of single sheet metal tiles laid with such joints.

The composite sheet can be laid much more rapidly and secured to the roof with less labor than single tiles or strips having corresponding joints.

By the present system of jointing roofing sheets, the necessity of forming any seams upon the flanges is wholly avoided, the sheets are adapted to fit upon one another at either edge, and may be laid with much greater rapidity than where flanges are first formed upon the sheets and afterward interlocked or seamed by a subsequent operation. The ridges formed upon the roof by the breadth of the joint are much more ornamental than the slender ridges formed by the ordinary standing seam, and as the entire roof may be laid without the use of solder or heated cement, the danger of fire is wholly obviated.

I am aware that the edges of sheets have been secured upon wooden strips forming ridges upon the roof, and I do not therefore claim such construction broadly. I am not however aware that any roofing sheet has ever been provided with flanges having the sloping side a with the edge b,c, bent to form a channel 62 above the level of the sheet; nor am I aware that cleats haveever been secured transversely across the joint and a cap held in place over the joint by the bent ends of the cleats.

I'have in another application filed simultaneously herewith and numbered 426,530, claimed roofing sheets with hollow ribs upon their edges and \.'-shaped channels upon the ribs adapted to overlap like the bent flange b, 0, herein, and have also shown the cap combined with such joint. Such ribs and channels are not however held above the level of the sheet as claimed herein and cannot therefore be used with the wooden strips w. I hereby disclaim the subject matter of the said application.

Having thus set forth the nature of my invention, what I claim herein is 1. A roofing sheet having flanges formed with the sloping side a, and the edge b, c, bent to form a channel 01 above the level of the sheet, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the roofing sheets having flanges formed with the sloping side a, and edge I), c bent to form a V-shaped channel above the level of the sheet, of the strips to, formed with the groove w having the edges of the flanges overlapped therein and. secured by nails, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, with the wooden strips w having the V-shaped groove to, of the roofing sheets having flanges formed with the sloping side a, and edges bent intoV-shaped channels secured Within the groove to by nails, and a cap secured longitudinally over the joint with edges bent downward over the sloping sides of the flange, substantially as herein set forth.

4.. The combination, with the wooden strips to, of the sheets having flanges secured upon the strips by nails, the cleats g secured transversely across the joint, and the cap laid upon the cleats and held in place by the bentends 0f the same, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES WHITE. Witnesses:

Anson O. KITTREDGE, THOMAS S. CRANE.

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