US4554031A - Cold moldable explosive composition - Google Patents
Cold moldable explosive composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4554031A US4554031A US06/604,937 US60493784A US4554031A US 4554031 A US4554031 A US 4554031A US 60493784 A US60493784 A US 60493784A US 4554031 A US4554031 A US 4554031A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- explosive
- trifluorochloroethylene
- weight
- explosive composition
- fluorinated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
- C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
- C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
A cold moldable explosive composition comprises 85 to 98% by weight of at least one explosive chosen from among octogen, hexogen, pentrite, hexanitrostilbene and triaminotrinitrobenzene, 1.5 to 11% by weight of a thermoplastic binder constituted by a chlorinated and/or fluorinated elastomer, such as copolymer of trifluorochloroethylene and vinylidene fluoride and 0.5 to 4% of a fluorinated plasticizer constituted e.g. by a low molecular weight trifluorochloroethylene polymer.
Description
The present invention relates to a cold moldable explosive composition and to its preparation process. More specifically it relates to explosive compositions containing a powerful explosive and a thermoplastic binder in the form of a cold moldable powder.
In general, explosive compositions are constituted by an explosive charge dispersed in a thermoplastic or thermosetting binder. The standard procedure for obtaining such compositions is to coat an explosive powder with the thermoplastic or thermosetting binder and to then consolidate the coated powder by compression.
When using a thermoplastic binder in the manner described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3 173 817 and 3 400 115, it is necessary to perform the compression stage hot.
When thermosetting binders are used in the manner described in French Pat. No. 2 268 770 (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique), No. 2 144 988 ((French State), No. 2 241 514 (Messerschmitt), No. 2 138 513 (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) and No. 2 225 979 (French State), in most cases it is necessary to carry out hot compression in order to obtain the desired characteristics.
Performing the compression stage hot leads to certain problems, when it is wished to bring the explosive composition into a particular form.
Thus, it is necessary in this case firstly to prepare a block by hot compression and then remachine the block obtained. Therefore, the performance of a hot compression stage is technically and economically very onerous.
However, certain explosive compositions coated with thermosetting binders can be compressed cold or extruded in the manner described in European Pat. No. 003 6481 (Delsenroth). In this case, use is made of a polyurethane-based binder and the coating operation is carried out by using an aqueous polyurethane dispersion. However, the coated explosive powder obtained in this way does not have an adequate storage stability and must therefore be rapidly moulded. Thus, thermosetting binders are not stable over a period of time, because they slowly crosslink and polymerize, which is prejudicial for the subsequent performance under satisfactory conditions of the compression stage of the binder-coated explosive powder.
The present invention relates to an explosive composition which, although containing a thermoplastic binder, has the advantage of being mouldable at ambient temperature and of being stable over a period of time.
The present invention therefore relates to an explosive composition wherein it comprises 85 to 98% by weight of at least one explosive chosen from the group including cyclotetra-methylenetetranitramine (octogen), cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (hexogen), triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB), pentaerythritol tetranitrate (pentrite) and hexanitrostilbene (HNS, 1.5 to 11% by weight of a thermoplastic binder constituted by a chlorinated and/or fluorinated elastomer, and 0.5 to 4% of a fluorinated plasticizer.
According to the invention, the chlorinated and/or fluorinated elastomers which can be used as thermoplastic binders are polymers and copolymers of chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as polytrifluorochloroethylene and copolymers of trifluorochloroethylene and vinylidene fluoride.
Preferably, the thermoplastic binder is a copolymer of trifluorochloroethylene and vinylidene fluoride, for example the product marketed under the trademark "Voltalef BP 5500".
According to the invention, the fluorinated plasticizers which can be used are low molecular weight polymers.
Preferably, the florinated plasticizer is a trifluorochloroethylene polymer with a molecular weight of 500 to 1000, e.g. the oil marketed under trademark "Voltalef S 10".
Advantageously, in the explosive composition according to the invention, the plasticiser:binder weight ratio is approximately 1:3 to 1:1.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the explosive composition comprises 96% octogen, 3% elastomer, constituted by a copolymer of trifluorochloroethylene and vinylidene fluoride and 1% of a fluorinated polymer having a molecular weight between 500 and 1000.
As a result of the choice of the thermoplastic binder and the addition of a fluorinated plasticizer, the explosive compositions according to the invention prepared in the form of powders can contain a high explosive proportion (up to 98%), and can be brought into the desired shape by cold molding, even after a relatively long storage period, e.g. ranging up to more than 12 months.
The explosive compositions according to the invention can be prepared by conventional processes. However, according to the invention, for safety reasons preference is given to the preparation of the explosive composition on the basis of the suspension of the explosive powder in water.
Thus, the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of a cold moldable explosive powder coated with a thermoplastic binder, wherein it comprises:
(a) dissolving in an organic solvent which is immiscible in water a thermoplastic binder constituted by a chlorinated and/or fluorinated elastomer and a fluorinated plasticizer,
(b) suspending in water a powder of at least one explosive chosen from the group including octogen, hexogen, triaminotrinitrobenzene, pentaerithritol tetranitrate and hexanitrostilbene,
(c) heating the suspension to a temperature below 100° C.,
(d) pouring dropwise into the thus heated suspension the solution of the binder and plasticizer obtained in stage (a),
(e) evaporating the organic solvent,
(f) filtering the suspension,
(g) washing and suction drying the coated explosive powder separated in this way from the suspension liquid, and
(h) vacuum drying the said explosive powder.
Preferably, according to the invention, 60% of the explosive powder used as the starting product in stage (b) is a grain size between 200 and 630 μm and 30% of the explosive powder used as the starting product in stage (b) has a grain size at the most equal to 100 μm.
This in particular makes it possible to bring about a greater tamping of the explosive during the compression of the powder.
The powders obtained by the process according to the invention can then be brought into the desired form or shape by conventional pressure moulding processes at ambient temperature, preferably using a pressure of 100 to 200 MPa.
Other features and advantages of the invention can be gathered from reading the following illustrative and non-limitative exemplified description.
This example illustrates the preparation of an explosive composition including octogen, an elastomer constituted by a copolymer of trifluorochloroethylene and vinylidene floride (thermoplastic binder), namely the product sold under the trade name "Voltalef 5500 BP" and a fluorinated plasticizer constituted by a trifluorochloroethylene polymer with a molecular weight of approximately 800, namely the product sold under the trade name "Voltalef S 10".
A solution of the binder and the plasticizer is firstly prepared by dissolving at ambient temperature 750 g of Voltalef BP 5500 in 10 liters of ethyl acetate and then adding to the solution 250 g of Voltalef S 10 oil.
Into a reactor are introduced 14.4 g. of octogen with a grain size of 200 to 630 μm and 9.6 kg. of octogen with a grain size of 0 to 100 μm with 100 liters of water, followed by stirring at 150 r.p.m. The reactor content is then heated to 50° C. under a reduced pressure of 0.05 MPa and the solution of the binder and the plasticizer is then poured dropwise into the reactor. The reactor temperature is then progressively increased to 90° C. to completely eliminate the organic solvent.
This is followed by cooling and filtration takes place over a 5 μm cloth filter in order to recover coated octogen. The latter is then washed accompanied by stirring at 350 r.p.m., followed by suction filtration at 1000 r.p.m. The powder obtained is then dried in a vacuum drier for 48 h at 50° C. giving a powder with an average grain size of 1 mm.
The characteristics of the powder obtained are checked by subjecting it to the conventional safety tests, consisting of determining:
the gaseous emission during a vacuum test for 70 h at a temperature of 120° C.,
the deflagration temperature of the coated explosive, and
the shock sensitivity of the powder.
The results obtained are as follows:
gaseous emission during the vacuum test for 70 h at 120° C.: 8 ml/100 g,
deflagration temperature: 271° C., and
shock sensitivity HT -HO /HT =-0.30.
The coated powder is then used for preparing by conventional molding at 20° C. using three pressure cycles of 150 MPa for 15 min, or by isostatic moulding carried out under the same conditions (three cycles at 20° C. under 150 MPa for 15 min), a diameter 40 mm and height 50 mm billet.
In the first case, the density of the member obtained is 1.850, whereas it is 1.849 in the case of isostatic compression molding. Thus, very good results are obtained in both cases because the theoretical density is 1.899.
Tests are also carried out to determine the detonation properties of the thus obtained explosive and the results are density 1.849 g/cm3 and detonation velocity 8830 m/s.
Thus, the explosive according to the invention has good detonation characteristics.
Claims (3)
1. A cold-mouldable explosive composition comprising from about 85% to 98% by weight of at least one explosive selected from the group consisting of cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (octogen), cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (hexogen), triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB), pentaerythritoltetranitrate (pentrite) and hexanitrostilbene (HNS), from about 1.5 to 11% by weight of a thermoplastic elastomeric binder comprising a copolymer of trifluorochloroethylene and vinylidene fluoride, and from about 0.5 to 4% of a fluorinated plasticizer comprising a trifluorochloroethylene polymer having a molecular weight of from about 500 to 1000.
2. Composition according to claim 1, wherein the plasticiser:binder weight ratio is approximately 1:3 to 1:1.
3. An explosive composition according to claim 1, wherein it comprises 96% octogen, 3% elastomer constituted by a copolymer of trifluorochloroethylene and vinylidene chloride, and 1% of fluorinated polymer having a molecular weight of 500 to 1000.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8307347A FR2545478B1 (en) | 1983-05-03 | 1983-05-03 | COLD-MOLDABLE EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME |
FR8307347 | 1983-05-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4554031A true US4554031A (en) | 1985-11-19 |
Family
ID=9288524
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/604,937 Expired - Fee Related US4554031A (en) | 1983-05-03 | 1984-04-27 | Cold moldable explosive composition |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4554031A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0125166B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS59207888A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE26253T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1215233A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3462878D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2545478B1 (en) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4920079A (en) * | 1987-06-17 | 1990-04-24 | Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft Vertreten Durch: Eidg. Munitionsfabrik Thun Der Gruppe Fur Rustensdienste | Process for isostatically pressing explosive charges |
US5049213A (en) * | 1985-10-10 | 1991-09-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Plastic bonded explosives using fluorocarbon binders |
GB2244702A (en) * | 1986-04-26 | 1991-12-11 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Granulated stabilised alpha - and beta - octogen |
WO1995017358A1 (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1995-06-29 | Thiokol Corporation | Composite gun propellant processing technique |
US6209457B1 (en) | 1998-08-13 | 2001-04-03 | Technology Commercialization Corp. | Method and preformed composition for controlled localized heating of a base material using an exothermic reaction |
US6225503B1 (en) * | 1985-05-22 | 2001-05-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy. | Preparation of 1,3,5-triamo-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene of submicron particle size |
GB2374867A (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2002-10-30 | Royal Ordnance Plc | Desensitisation of energetic materials |
US6615737B2 (en) * | 2001-07-13 | 2003-09-09 | Snpe | Safety igniter for a pyrotechnic munition component capable of being subjected to slow cook off |
US20040050466A1 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-03-18 | Philip Kneisl | Hi-temp explosive binder |
US20080245252A1 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-10-09 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US20100116385A1 (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2010-05-13 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Methods of forming a sensitized explosive and a percussion primer |
US20110100246A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2011-05-05 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Percussion primers comprising a primer composition and ordnance including the same |
US8202377B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2012-06-19 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8206522B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2012-06-26 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic, heavy-metal free sensitized explosive percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8540828B2 (en) | 2008-08-19 | 2013-09-24 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Nontoxic, noncorrosive phosphorus-based primer compositions and an ordnance element including the same |
US8641842B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2014-02-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Propellant compositions including stabilized red phosphorus, a method of forming same, and an ordnance element including the same |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2671549A1 (en) * | 1991-01-16 | 1992-07-17 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION AND METHODS FOR PREPARING A POWDER AND A PART THEREOF |
TR25832A (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 1993-09-01 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | EXPLOSIVE COMPUTER AND THE METHOD OF PREPARING A POWDER AND PARTICLE FROM THIS COMPUTER |
DE102012013961A1 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-16 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Insensitive explosives active substance |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3181982A (en) * | 1959-04-29 | 1965-05-04 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Gel propellants comprising halogencontaining terpolymers |
US3296041A (en) * | 1964-07-08 | 1967-01-03 | Eastman Kodak Co | Granulated crystalline plastic bonded explosives |
FR1469198A (en) * | 1965-12-31 | 1967-02-10 | France Ministre Des Armees | New process for coating explosives |
FR2135534A1 (en) * | 1971-05-06 | 1972-12-22 | Wasagchemie Ag | |
US3985595A (en) * | 1974-11-29 | 1976-10-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Insensitive explosive composition of halogenated copolymer and triaminotrinitrobenzene |
US4120710A (en) * | 1975-12-16 | 1978-10-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Nitroaliphatic difluoroformals |
US4131499A (en) * | 1976-09-07 | 1978-12-26 | Thiokol Corporation | Low smoke propellant |
-
1983
- 1983-05-03 FR FR8307347A patent/FR2545478B1/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-04-25 DE DE8484400839T patent/DE3462878D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-04-25 AT AT84400839T patent/ATE26253T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-04-25 EP EP84400839A patent/EP0125166B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-04-27 US US06/604,937 patent/US4554031A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-05-01 JP JP59086283A patent/JPS59207888A/en active Pending
- 1984-05-02 CA CA000453380A patent/CA1215233A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3181982A (en) * | 1959-04-29 | 1965-05-04 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Gel propellants comprising halogencontaining terpolymers |
US3296041A (en) * | 1964-07-08 | 1967-01-03 | Eastman Kodak Co | Granulated crystalline plastic bonded explosives |
FR1469198A (en) * | 1965-12-31 | 1967-02-10 | France Ministre Des Armees | New process for coating explosives |
FR2135534A1 (en) * | 1971-05-06 | 1972-12-22 | Wasagchemie Ag | |
US3985595A (en) * | 1974-11-29 | 1976-10-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Insensitive explosive composition of halogenated copolymer and triaminotrinitrobenzene |
US4120710A (en) * | 1975-12-16 | 1978-10-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Nitroaliphatic difluoroformals |
US4131499A (en) * | 1976-09-07 | 1978-12-26 | Thiokol Corporation | Low smoke propellant |
Cited By (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6310253B1 (en) * | 1985-05-22 | 2001-10-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy | Preparation of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene of submicron particle size |
US6225503B1 (en) * | 1985-05-22 | 2001-05-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy. | Preparation of 1,3,5-triamo-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene of submicron particle size |
US5049213A (en) * | 1985-10-10 | 1991-09-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Plastic bonded explosives using fluorocarbon binders |
GB2244702A (en) * | 1986-04-26 | 1991-12-11 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Granulated stabilised alpha - and beta - octogen |
GB2244702B (en) * | 1986-04-26 | 1992-09-23 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Granulated stabilised alpha- and beta-octogen |
US5750920A (en) * | 1986-04-26 | 1998-05-12 | Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft | Granulated, stabilized α-and β-octogen |
US4920079A (en) * | 1987-06-17 | 1990-04-24 | Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft Vertreten Durch: Eidg. Munitionsfabrik Thun Der Gruppe Fur Rustensdienste | Process for isostatically pressing explosive charges |
WO1995017358A1 (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1995-06-29 | Thiokol Corporation | Composite gun propellant processing technique |
US5487851A (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1996-01-30 | Thiokol Corporation | Composite gun propellant processing technique |
US5565150A (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1996-10-15 | Thiokol Corporation | Energetic materials processing technique |
US6209457B1 (en) | 1998-08-13 | 2001-04-03 | Technology Commercialization Corp. | Method and preformed composition for controlled localized heating of a base material using an exothermic reaction |
GB2374867A (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2002-10-30 | Royal Ordnance Plc | Desensitisation of energetic materials |
ES2190838A1 (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2003-08-16 | Royal Ordnance Plc | Desensitisation of energetic materials |
GB2374867B (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2003-12-10 | Royal Ordnance Plc | Desensitisation of energetic materials |
US20110108171A1 (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2011-05-12 | Bae Systems Land Systems (Munitions & Ordnance) Limited | Desensitisation of energetic materials |
US6615737B2 (en) * | 2001-07-13 | 2003-09-09 | Snpe | Safety igniter for a pyrotechnic munition component capable of being subjected to slow cook off |
US6989064B2 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2006-01-24 | Schlumberger Technology Corp. | Hi-temp explosive binder |
US20040050466A1 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-03-18 | Philip Kneisl | Hi-temp explosive binder |
US8282751B2 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2012-10-09 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Methods of forming a sensitized explosive and a percussion primer |
US20100116385A1 (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2010-05-13 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Methods of forming a sensitized explosive and a percussion primer |
US8460486B1 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2013-06-11 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Percussion primer composition and systems incorporating same |
US20110100246A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2011-05-05 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Percussion primers comprising a primer composition and ordnance including the same |
US9199887B2 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2015-12-01 | Orbital Atk, Inc. | Propellant compositions including stabilized red phosphorus and methods of forming same |
US8524018B2 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2013-09-03 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Percussion primers comprising a primer composition and ordnance including the same |
US8192568B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2012-06-05 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8454769B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2013-06-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8454770B1 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2013-06-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8202377B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2012-06-19 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US20080245252A1 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-10-09 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8540828B2 (en) | 2008-08-19 | 2013-09-24 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Nontoxic, noncorrosive phosphorus-based primer compositions and an ordnance element including the same |
US8206522B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2012-06-26 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic, heavy-metal free sensitized explosive percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8470107B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2013-06-25 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic, heavy-metal free explosive percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8641842B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2014-02-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Propellant compositions including stabilized red phosphorus, a method of forming same, and an ordnance element including the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS59207888A (en) | 1984-11-26 |
FR2545478A1 (en) | 1984-11-09 |
FR2545478B1 (en) | 1985-07-05 |
CA1215233A (en) | 1986-12-16 |
EP0125166B1 (en) | 1987-04-01 |
ATE26253T1 (en) | 1987-04-15 |
EP0125166A1 (en) | 1984-11-14 |
DE3462878D1 (en) | 1987-05-07 |
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Legal Events
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Owner name: COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE-31,33 RUE DE LA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:KERVIEL, HILDEBERT;POULARD, SERGE;REEL/FRAME:004255/0045 Effective date: 19840410 |
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Effective date: 19930912 |
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Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |