US395897A - Shot-cartridge - Google Patents

Description

No Model.) 7?

M. HARTLEY-8v A. J. HOBBS.

SHOT OARTRIDGE. No. 395,897. I Patented Jams, 1889.

W/i 55555 v5 70/ 5 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARCELLL S HARTLEY, OF NE YORK, N. Y,, AND ALFRED .I. ll

BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE UNION METALLIC CAR- TRIDGE COMPANY, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

SHOT-CARTRIDGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 395,897, dated January 8, 1889.

Application filed September 6, 1888. Serial No. 284,689. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, MAReELLUs llAR'l LEY, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, and ALFRED J. HOBBS, residing at Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State of Oom'iecticut, citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shot-Cartridges; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

()ur invention has for its object to produce at a low costa shot-cartridge the shotcase of which shall be rigid and unyielding, enabling it to stand rough usage, shall be impervious to changes in temperature and perfectly water-proof, which will not foul the gun-barrel, and which will be so thoroughly fractured by the force of the explosion that the charge of shot will not be deflected in the slightest by the fragments. These results are accomplished perfectly by the use of the novel shotcase which we will now describe, referring by numbers to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a'perspcetive of the shot-case detached; and Fig. 2, a view, partly in elevation and partly in section, of a shot-cartridge ready for use.

l denotes an ordinary metallic cartridgeshell; 2, the powder; 3, the shot-case; l, the shot; 5, a wad which may or may not be used at the base of the shot-case; 6, the inwardlyturned edges of the metallic shell, which are forced into the material of the shot-case, so as to hold the latter firmly; 7, longitudinal grooves or cuts in the shot-case, which may be used to assist in etfecting the complete fracture of the shot-case when the explosion takes place, and 8 a thickened strengthening portion at the forward end of the shot-case.

So far as we are aware no shot-cartridge has heretofore been produced which was able to fully meet the requirements as developed in actual use, the great trouble having been with the shot-cases. Various kinds of material have been experimented with for the pmpose of overcoming the several objections. Some kinds of material have not been able to withstand changes in temperature. Some have failed to break properly, so that the charge of shothas been deflected, thereby destroying aecuracyin shootin Others have caused serious trouble by fouling the gun-barrel, and others still have failed entirely when used in magazine-arms through lack of rigidity and strength sutlicient to stand the strong pressure and rough usage to which they were nec- 6o essarily subjected in the magazines. These objections we wholly overcome by the use of a shot-case made from a solid piece of wood the interior of which is bored out, forming a chamber to receive the shot, the wall at the forward end of said chamber being left thicker than at the sides, so as to give suiticient strength at just the portion of the shotcase upon which the greatest pressure comes in handling-as, for example, in transportation or when used in magazines. The longi tudinal grooves or cuts 7 are made in any suitable manner as, for instance, by passing the cases one after the other through dies having sharp internal proj eetions. It is found 7 5 in practice, especially with the larger-sized eartridges, that this grooving of the shot-cases assist-s greatly in producing a perfect fracture after the shot-case has left the gun-barrel. Any number of these grooves may of course be formed. Four or live will ordinarily be found quite sufficient.

In loading a cartridge the shot are placed. in the case, the base of which may or may not be closed by a wad. The charge of powder is placed in the shell in the usual manner, a wad being used upon the powder, if preferred. (Not shown, however, in the drawings.) The base of the shot-case is then inserted and pressed home or seated in the shell, and the edge of the shell, is crimped tightly upon the wood of the shot-case and forced into it sufficiently to hold the shot-ease firmly in the shell, as is clearly indicated in Fig. 2. After completing the cartridges they are preferably lubricated in the usual manner. As the 1ubricant is ordinarily applied hot, a sufficient quantity is readily taken up by the wood of the shot-case to make it absolutely waterproof' We have found in practice that cartridges having shot-cases made in this manner are perfectly reliable under all eircumstai'lces. They are not affected in the slightest by changes of temperature or dampness, and will stand the rough usage of ordinary handling or in magazii'l es without any injury whatever. They are in fact perfectly adapted for all classes of arms.

Having thus described our invention, We claiin .1. A shot-cartridge consisting of a m etallie shell and a wooden shot-case bored out to form a chamber for the shot, the Walls of said chamber being thickest at the forward end,

the edge of the shell being crimped upon and pressed into the wood of the sl1ot-case,whereby the latter is held firmly in place.

2. A shot-cartridge consisting of a metallic in presence of two Witnesses.

MARCELLUS HARTLEY. ALFRED .T. HOBBS.

\Vitnesses as to Macellus Hartley:

0. M. DALLY, '1. H. HARRIS. Witnesses as to Alfred J. Hobbs:

SAML. T. HOUGHTON, II. C. RYLANDS.

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