US388413A - And harris p - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

J. R. HAWLEY 8v H. P. HURST.

PROJBGTILE.

Patented Aug. 28, 1888.

UNITED STATES JOSEPH Rf. HAW'LEY, 0F HARTFORD, CONNCTICUT, AND HARRIS IIURST,

PATENT OFFICE.

OF SUMMIT, MISSISSIPPI.

PROJ ECT ILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 388,413, dated August 28, 1888.

Application filed October 10, 1887. Serial No. 251,955. (No mmh-l.)

To aU whom it 12mg concern,.-

Beit known that we, JOSEPH R. HAWLEY, residing at, l-lartt'ord, Hartford county, Connecticut, and IIARms 1).,HURsT, residing at Summit, in the county of Pike and State of Mississippi, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inlProjectiles, of which the following is a specification, reference being hadthelein to the accompanying drawings.

This invent-ion relates to proj cctilcs for rilled guns.A Y'

The invention consists in the construction and combination ofthe parts constituting the projectile.

The object of the invention is`to produce a projectile which will take th'e riiling of the gun with eertainty,and in which the guidingsabot shall offer little resistance to the flight of the projectile; also to produce a basehut-ning time-fuse which will beprotccted by the sabot.

Heretotore there has been ditliculty in producting a reliable time-fuse to apply to the base of a shell, owing largely to the fact that the intense heat ot' the explosion of the firing charge in the gun will cause too rapid eombustion of the fuse-charge. This objection is largely or entirely overcome in this invention by the tight-sealing sabot which protects the fuse-charge. It will thus be seen that there is a direct co-operation between the sabot and the fuse employed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly sectioned, ot'a projectile having detachable sabot. Fig. 2 is a similar view of a projectile with det-aching-spring omitted. Fig. 3 is an elevatioiiof one of the rings ot the sabot. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal central section of a shell with sabot and fuse applied. Fig. 5 is a similar section ot' a modieation. Fig. 6 is a plan of the time-regulating plug of the shell. Fig. 7 is a side elevation, partly sectioned, of the same.

A indicates the body of the projectile or' shell. This part of the projectile is of any usual form. The projectile has a sabot composed externally of a series of washers, B, of leather, compressed paper, or similar material. These Washers B are applied to a. central corepieee, C, (of metal by preference,) and detachable from the body A of the projectile. The

the ritling.

core-piece may enter ahole in the body ofthe projectile, asin Figs. 1 and 2, or thecore-piece may be cupped and serve as a cover to a projecting teat at the base ot' the projectile, as 1n Figs. 4 and 5. This reversal of parts is considered an equivalent .construction There may be a spring, D, interposed between the core-piece and the projectile where the taper of the core-piece is not great enough to cause the sabot to drop from 4the projectile by the resistance olered by the atmosphere during the Hight of the projectile. The core-piece may be surrounded by the layer' E, of oiled paper or Similar material, to prevent Abindlng and avoid the necessity of a fine finish to the metallic surfaces. The disks B are ot' such di 'ameter as to fill the bore of the'gun and take The disks will prevent the flash of the explosion reaching forward past the base of the projectile,aswell as cause the projectile to rotate as the disks take the'ritling.

The eorepiece G may be a little out of true,

or may be of any form that will engage the projectile in such manner as to cause the two lto rotate together. Y

As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, a time-fuse 1s placed in front of the core-piece C, and the forward movement of the core-piece; when the explosion takes place, ignites this fuse through the explosion of a fnlminate-cap, F. The core C may be held against accidentalexploslon of the cap by a pin, G, which locks the core and projectile together, but is sheared off by the shock of the explosion and move forward.

In front of the cap F there is 'a channel, H, leading to the charge-chamber M of the projectile. This channel is cut oil by a plug, I. which has a groove, K, running nearly around permits the core to its outer surface in line with channel H. The groove K communicates with a channel, L, running to the center of theplug, and so to aconnection with the bursti ng charge. Thegroove K is filled with slow-burning powder, which may be covered with a lilm of collodion or a sheet of foil or prepared paper.` The plug I is held in its seat in a hole crossing' the `channel H by means of a cap, N. The plug can be turned by a' screw-driver or other instrument, so that any part of the groove K can be brought IOO opposite the passage li. An index on the outer end ol'plug I enables the gunner to distinguish the position of the groove K with relation to the channel I[. When the plug is'turned so that the channel'II is in line with the end ol ness by the turning ol' the plug I, the distance between the channel H and passage L to be burned determining the time after firing the gun before the explosion ot' the shell.

The charge in channel II may be small. just enough to ignitethe fuse composition in ehannel K; but by increasing this charge the cseaping gas will tend to blow the sabot/from the projectile after the pressure of the firingcharge ceases, the escaping gas thus assisting the spring D to free the projectile from the sabot. In any case the charge in channel H will be too small to drivein the slow-burning powder in groove K, as might happen if the charge in the gun were in conn'nunieation with the fuse-powder.

l. Theeombinaton, with a projectile having a movable sabot, of a cap in front of the sabot and a time-fuse having a revoluble plug; l=e

tween the cap and bursting charge, said plug having a. time-charge in a groove in front of the cap, substantially as described.

2. The eombinatiom'with the projectile, of the movable sabot consisting of a central core surrounded by rings, a pin connecting the core and body of the projectile, a cap in front of the core-piece, and a time-fuse having a. revoluble plug provided with a burning charge connecting the cap and bursting chargcof the shell, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with a. projectile, ringsabot, and eore-pieee on which the rings are mounted, ol' a. pin connecting the core and sabot in such manner that the pin is sheared ot't'in tiri ng the gun, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with a projectile, of' a sabot consisting, essentially, ol" rings or washers, the rings gradually increasing in diameter from front to rear, substantially as shown.

5. The combination, with a projectile, of a series of leather washers gradually increasing in diameter toward the rear and surrounding a corepiece. said core-piece being attached to the projectile. substantially as described, so as to compel the rotation of the projectile.

In testimony whereof we affix oursignat ures in pre ence of two witnesses.

JOS. R. HAVLEY. HARRIS P. HURS'I. Witnesses:

W. A. BARTLETT, JOHN N. WALKER.

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