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US3860787A - Immersion type heating element with a plastic head for a storage water heater tank - Google Patents

Immersion type heating element with a plastic head for a storage water heater tank Download PDF

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Publication number
US3860787A
US3860787A US412839A US41283973A US3860787A US 3860787 A US3860787 A US 3860787A US 412839 A US412839 A US 412839A US 41283973 A US41283973 A US 41283973A US 3860787 A US3860787 A US 3860787A
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United States
Prior art keywords
sheath
heating element
head
tank
water heater
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Expired - Lifetime
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US412839A
Inventor
Carl G Strobach
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Rheem International Inc
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Rheem International Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Rheem International Inc filed Critical Rheem International Inc
Priority to US412839A priority Critical patent/US3860787A/en
Priority to CA209,568A priority patent/CA1019026A/en
Priority to AU74028/74A priority patent/AU481364B2/en
Priority to GB4646174A priority patent/GB1469445A/en
Priority to ZA00746975A priority patent/ZA746975B/en
Priority to AR256378A priority patent/AR203407A1/en
Priority to FR7436638A priority patent/FR2250253B1/fr
Priority to IT53689/74A priority patent/IT1021850B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3860787A publication Critical patent/US3860787A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, N.A., THE reassignment CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, N.A., THE SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: RHEEM MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A DE CORP.
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/002—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load by temperature regulation of the suspension unit, e.g. heat operated systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1818—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/40—Arrangements for preventing corrosion
    • F24H9/45—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/40—Arrangements for preventing corrosion
    • F24H9/45—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means
    • F24H9/455—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means for water heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders

Definitions

  • I 2 I2 I i: k f II a 1 3 7 Ii H u w 7 IO.
  • IMMERSION TYPE HEATING ELEMENT WITH A PLASTIC HEAD FOR A STORAGE WATER HEATER TANK BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to electric heaters for water tanks, particularly an improved heating element head construction for an immersion heater as used in electric water heaters.
  • Typical electrically heated water tanks employ an electric immersion heater.
  • Most lined water tanks constructed of ferrous metal also contain a sacrificial anode such as magnesium, aluminum or zinc. The anode is in electrical contact with the tank and serves to cathodically protect the tank from corrosion by electrolysis.
  • the magnesium anode will not be depleted at an excessively rapid rate despite the fact that sheath 7 is mounted in direct electrical contact with the tank. While this solution to the anode depletion problem is satisfactory in most cases from a technical standpoint, it requires the expense of tin plating. Further, the tin plating may dissolve in certain waters thereby leading to rapid anode depletion.
  • the heater head or flange comprises copper faced steel plate 21, dielectric plate 22 and steel face plate 23. Copper face plate 21 and steel face plate 23 are not in direct electrical contact and are separated by dielectric material 22.
  • This plate assembly or element flange is mounted on the wall 4 of water tank 1 by inserting sheath 7 through wall opening 25 and connecting the plates to the tank flange 27 through bolts 20.
  • An insulating gasket 26 separates tank flange 27 from plate 21. Electrical connection between copper face plate 21 and steel plate 23 is provided by a 500-600 ohm resistor.
  • This value resistor allows sufficient current to pass from the sheath to ground (the tank) to prevent electrolytic corrosion of the sheath while at the same time preventing rapid anode deterioration. While this solution does not require the tin plating of the copper sheath, it does require a more complex heating element head and the need for an external electrical circuit with resistor.
  • FIG. 5 is a detailed, sectional side view of the element head illustrated in FIG. 4 as detached from the water tank.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate the improvement of the present invention, the prior art having been discussed relative to FIGS. 1 through 3.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate a rigid plastic head 30 having intimately connected thereto a conventional tubular, untinned copper heating element sheath 7.
  • Tubular sheath 7 houses a conventional high resistance heating wire (not illustrated) maintained in a spaced relation from the sheath 7 by a suitable insulating material such as magnesium oxide.
  • Head 30 is provided with suitable male threads '33 adapted to engage the female threads in-tank coupling 13 affixed to wall 4 of the heating tank.
  • sheath. 7 is firmly embedded in plastic head 30. Electrical leads 6 extend from the high resistance heating wire (not shown) in sheath 7 through non-conductive plastic center piece 35 concentrically positioned within a plastic matrix 31 of head 30.Leads 6 may be connected to a suitable external power source.
  • the portion of head 30 comprising the plastic matrix 31 is made, for example, from a phenolic'plastic. Uniformly distributed within matrix 31 are electrically conductive carbon or metallic particles 32.
  • the nonconductive center piece 35 is comprised of an insulator for the leads 6 and preferrably is madefrom the same plastic as matrix 31. Of course the conductive particles 32 are excluded from center piece 35.
  • par ticles 32 can comprise discrete conductive-units dispersed in a polymerized resin, each discrete unit comprising an aggregate of conductive particles bonded together by the resin matrix 31.
  • Conductive resins comprising conductive carbon or metallic particles suspended in a resin matrix are well known to those trained in the art and need not be described in detail herein. See for example US. Pat. No. 3,056,750.
  • the matrix 3l-particle 32 combination has a resistance value sufficient to allow a small amount of current to flow from the sheath 7 to the tank so as to eliminate the need for tinning the copper sheath 7 or using an external resistance.
  • the matrix 31- particle 32 combination has a resistance of about 500-600 ohms although a resistance range of 20010 1,000 ohms has been found satisfactory.
  • the resin for matrix 31 used must have sufficient stability to stand exposure to water temperatures on the order of l00-l 80 F. as encountered in ordinary water heaters. f
  • a preferred resin would'be a single stage phenolic compound with fillers added to improve resistance to temperature, cracking, chemicals, etc.
  • the conductive particles suspended in the dielectric matrix consist of either carbon particles or metal particles or a mixture of both. Accordingly, any metal powder may be used as the conductive material of the present invention, such as,'for example, copper, iron, zinc, aluminum, magnesium, tin, antimony, silver, chromium, etc. In addition, conductive oxides of metals may be'used. I
  • an electric immersion water heater element for a water heater tank which includes a heating element enclosed in and electrically insulated from a metallic sheath, and an element head for attachment to a water heater tank with the heating element adapted to project to the interior of the water heater tank said element head being mechanically and electrically secured to the metallic sheath, the improvement which comprises an element head including a dielectric solid portion in contact with said sheath and to contact said tank, said dielectric portion having suspended therein conductive carbon or metallic particles in an amount sufficient to allow current to flow from said sheath through the dielectric portion to ground onsaid tank, said head also including a nonconducting portion through which external leads are provided for connecting said heating element to a power source.
  • heating-element comprises an untinned copper sheath and said head contains a carbon or metallic conductor in an amount sufficient to eliminate said tinning without the necessity'of an' external resistor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

An improved electric immersion heater wherein the metallic heating element sheath is mechanically and electrically secured to a dielectric element head rendered conductive by suspending carbon or metallic conductors in the dielectric to produce a predetermined resistance. This allows anodic current to flow from the heating element sheath to ground when the conductor is installed in a water tank without the need for external resistors or tinning of the heating element sheath.

Description

United States Patent 1 1 Strobach IMMERSION TYPE HEATING ELEMENT WITH A PLASTIC HEAD FOR A STORAGE WATER HEATER TANK [75] lnventor: Carl G. Strobach, Clarendon Hills,
[73] Assignee: Rheem International, Inc., Chicago,
Ill.
[22] Filed: Nov. 5, 1973 [21] Appl. N0.: 412,839
[52] US. Cl. 219/336, 174/78 [51] Int. Cl. F24h 1/20 [58] Field of Search 219/322, 335, 336;
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,748,251 5/1956 Drugmand 219/336 1 1 Jan. 14, 1975 2,947,846 8/1960 Fox 219/322 X Primary Examiner-J. V. Truhe Assistant Examiner-Kenneth l-lairston Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Molinare, Allegretti, Newitt & Witcoff [57] ABSTRACT An improved electric immersion heater wherein the metallic heating element sheath is mechanically and electrically secured to a dielectric element head rendered conductive by suspending carbon or metallic conductors in the dielectric to produce a predetermined resistance. This allows anodic current to flow from the heating element sheath to ground when the conductor is installed in a water tank without the need for external resistors or tinning of the heating element sheath.
5 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures PATENIEDJANMISYS 3,860,787
I 2: I2 I i: k f II a 1 3 7 Ii H u w 7 IO.
FIG I PRIOR ART PRIOR ART FIG.3
IMMERSION TYPE HEATING ELEMENT WITH A PLASTIC HEAD FOR A STORAGE WATER HEATER TANK BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to electric heaters for water tanks, particularly an improved heating element head construction for an immersion heater as used in electric water heaters.
Typical electrically heated water tanks employ an electric immersion heater. Most lined water tanks constructed of ferrous metal also contain a sacrificial anode such as magnesium, aluminum or zinc. The anode is in electrical contact with the tank and serves to cathodically protect the tank from corrosion by electrolysis.
To prevent the sacrificial anode from being sacrificed at an excessively rapid rate, the prior art has recognized that the uncoated copper sheathed heating element cannot be directly grounded to the ferrous tank. For example, if the heating element sheath and ferrous tank are in perfect electrical contact, a substantial electropotential difference will exist between the copper sheath and the sacrificial anode. On the other hand, it has been established that the element sheath will corrode if the element is electrically isolated from the ferrous tank. Therefore, there must be an electrical connection between the sheath and the tank. The amount of current flow, however, has to be controlled to prevent excessive anode depletion.
One solution employed by the art is to embed the heating element sheath in a steel head as illustrated in FIG. 2 accompanying this application. In this figure, a copper heating element sheath 7 is mechanically and electrically secured to steel head 10 having a plastic center portion 11 to retain wire leads 6. Steel head 10 is supplied with male'threads 14 designed to engage the female threads in steel coupling 13 welded to the tank wall 4. To prevent excessive depletion of magnesium anode 2 due to the intimate electrical contact between sheath 7 and tank coupling 13 through steel head 10, copper sheath 7 and steel head 10 are plated with a metal 12 (thickness of metal 12 is greatly exaggerated for purposes of illustration) of less nobility in the electropotential series than copper such as tin. Because the gap in the electropotential series between tin and magnesium is less than the gap between magnesium and copper and because the tin coating has the tendency to polarize, the magnesium anode will not be depleted at an excessively rapid rate despite the fact that sheath 7 is mounted in direct electrical contact with the tank. While this solution to the anode depletion problem is satisfactory in most cases from a technical standpoint, it requires the expense of tin plating. Further, the tin plating may dissolve in certain waters thereby leading to rapid anode depletion.
Another device used by the art to control excessive anode depletion is illustrated in FIG. 3. In this device, the heater head or flange comprises copper faced steel plate 21, dielectric plate 22 and steel face plate 23. Copper face plate 21 and steel face plate 23 are not in direct electrical contact and are separated by dielectric material 22. This plate assembly or element flange is mounted on the wall 4 of water tank 1 by inserting sheath 7 through wall opening 25 and connecting the plates to the tank flange 27 through bolts 20. An insulating gasket 26 separates tank flange 27 from plate 21. Electrical connection between copper face plate 21 and steel plate 23 is provided by a 500-600 ohm resistor. This value resistor allows sufficient current to pass from the sheath to ground (the tank) to prevent electrolytic corrosion of the sheath while at the same time preventing rapid anode deterioration. While this solution does not require the tin plating of the copper sheath, it does require a more complex heating element head and the need for an external electrical circuit with resistor.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of this invention to provide an electric heating element for water tanks that has a conductive plastic element head connected to the metal heating element sheath which does not require a less noble metal coating to prevent excessive anode deterioration.
It is an object of this invention to provide a conductive plastic element head for an electric water heater that does not require an external electric circuit to prevent excessive anode deterioration.
It is a specific object of this invention to provide a conductive plastic heating element head that is quickly and inexpensively manufactured.
According to this invention, there is provided an improved all plastic heating element head for a conventional electric immersion heater having a heating element enclosed in a metallic sheath. This improved head is mechanically and electrically secured to the metallic sheath and preferably eliminates the need for external electric circuits or plating of the metallic sheath with a metal less noble than the sheath metal while at the same time controlling anode deterioration. This improved head comprises a dielectric solid such as a plastic resin, having suspended therein carbon or a metallic conductor in an amount sufficient to allow current to flow from the sheath'to ground (the tank) through the conductor suspended in the dielectric when the heater is installed in a water tank.
Other objects and embodiments will be found in the following more detailed description of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic side view illustrating a conventional water tank and the placement therein of an anode and a water heating element.
FIG. 2 is a detailed sectional side view of a conventional combination steel and plastic element head wherein the steel portion of the head is electrically grounded to both the metallic sheath and metallic tank coupling thereby requiring tin plating of the copper sheath to prevent excessive anode depletion as discussed earlier.
FIG. 3 is a detailed, sectional side view of a multipiece prior art element head or flange that requires an external electric circuit to control anode depletion as discussed earlier.
FIG. 4 is a detailed partial sectional side view of the plastic element head of this invention as positioned in a water tank.
FIG. 5 is a detailed, sectional side view of the element head illustrated in FIG. 4 as detached from the water tank.
FIG. 6 is an end view of the heating element illustrated in FIG. 5.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate the improvement of the present invention, the prior art having been discussed relative to FIGS. 1 through 3. FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate a rigid plastic head 30 having intimately connected thereto a conventional tubular, untinned copper heating element sheath 7. Tubular sheath 7 houses a conventional high resistance heating wire (not illustrated) maintained in a spaced relation from the sheath 7 by a suitable insulating material such as magnesium oxide. Head 30 is provided with suitable male threads '33 adapted to engage the female threads in-tank coupling 13 affixed to wall 4 of the heating tank.
As illustrated in FIG. 5, sheath. 7 is firmly embedded in plastic head 30. Electrical leads 6 extend from the high resistance heating wire (not shown) in sheath 7 through non-conductive plastic center piece 35 concentrically positioned within a plastic matrix 31 of head 30.Leads 6 may be connected to a suitable external power source.
The portion of head 30 comprising the plastic matrix 31 is made, for example, from a phenolic'plastic. Uniformly distributed within matrix 31 are electrically conductive carbon or metallic particles 32. The nonconductive center piece 35 is comprised of an insulator for the leads 6 and preferrably is madefrom the same plastic as matrix 31. Of course the conductive particles 32 are excluded from center piece 35. I
The amount of particles 32 per unit volume of matrix 31 will generally determine the resistance of the matrix 31 of the head 30. High amounts of conductiveparticles 32 generally result in lower resistance and lower amountsresult in higher resistance. Alternatively, par ticles 32 can comprise discrete conductive-units dispersed in a polymerized resin, each discrete unit comprising an aggregate of conductive particles bonded together by the resin matrix 31. Conductive resins comprising conductive carbon or metallic particles suspended in a resin matrix are well known to those trained in the art and need not be described in detail herein. See for example US. Pat. No. 3,056,750.
In general, any type of solid resin of either an inorganic or organic nature, natural or synthetic, which is capable of serving as a dielectric material may be used in the practice of the present invention.
Preferably, the matrix 3l-particle 32 combination has a resistance value sufficient to allow a small amount of current to flow from the sheath 7 to the tank so as to eliminate the need for tinning the copper sheath 7 or using an external resistance. Typically, the matrix 31- particle 32 combination has a resistance of about 500-600 ohms although a resistance range of 20010 1,000 ohms has been found satisfactory.
The resin for matrix 31 used must have sufficient stability to stand exposure to water temperatures on the order of l00-l 80 F. as encountered in ordinary water heaters. f
A preferred resin would'be a single stage phenolic compound with fillers added to improve resistance to temperature, cracking, chemicals, etc.
The conductive particles suspended in the dielectric matrix consist of either carbon particles or metal particles or a mixture of both. Accordingly, any metal powder may be used as the conductive material of the present invention, such as,'for example, copper, iron, zinc, aluminum, magnesium, tin, antimony, silver, chromium, etc. In addition, conductive oxides of metals may be'used. I
With respect to carbon, certain forms offer lower resistance values, such as crystalline carbon (graphite), whereas the amorphous forms of carbon (carbon black) afford higher values of resistance. Lamp black, having-a specific resistance less than carbon black and greater than graphite may be used to obtain resistances of an intermediate value.
The invention is therefore defined and limited only by the following claims.
I claim as my invention:
1. In an electric immersion water heater element for a water heater tank which includes a heating element enclosed in and electrically insulated from a metallic sheath, and an element head for attachment to a water heater tank with the heating element adapted to project to the interior of the water heater tank said element head being mechanically and electrically secured to the metallic sheath, the improvement which comprises an element head including a dielectric solid portion in contact with said sheath and to contact said tank, said dielectric portion having suspended therein conductive carbon or metallic particles in an amount sufficient to allow current to flow from said sheath through the dielectric portion to ground onsaid tank, said head also including a nonconducting portion through which external leads are provided for connecting said heating element to a power source. I j
2. An electric immersion heater according to claim 1 wherein the heating-element comprises an untinned copper sheath and said head contains a carbon or metallic conductor in an amount sufficient to eliminate said tinning without the necessity'of an' external resistor.
3. An electric immersion heater according to claim 1 wherein the carbon or metallic conductor is present in an amount sufficient to provide a resistance of ZOO-1,000 ohms between the sheath and ground.
4. An electric immersion heater according to claim 1 wherein said solid portion is a plastic resin.
5. An electric immersion heater according to claim 1 wherein said nonconducting portion comprises a plastic resin concentrically positioned with the dielectric portion. 1
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent 3.860.787 Dated Januarv 14 1975 Inventor(s) Carl G. Strobach It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
On the cover sheet, Item (73) Assignee should read:
-- Rheem Manufacturing Company, New York, New York Signed and Sealed this Seventh Day Of February I 978 [SEAL] A ttest:
RUTH C. MASON LUTRELLE F. PARKER Attesting Officer Acting Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3 860 787 Dated Januarv 1Q, 1975 Inventor(s) Carl G. Strobach It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
On the cover sheet, Item (73) Assignee should read:
-- Rheem Manufacturing Company, New York, New York Signed and Sealed this Seventh Day Of February I978 [SEAL] A ttesl:
RUTH C. MASON LUTRELLE F. PARKER Arresting Officer Acting Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks

Claims (5)

1. In an electric immersion water heater element for a water heater tank which includes a heating element enclosed in and electrically insulated from a metallic sheath, and an element head for attachment to a water heater tank with the heating element adapted to project to the interior of the water heater tank said element head being mechanically and electrically secured to the metallic sheath, the improvement which comprises an element head including a dielectric solid portion in contact with said sheath and to contact said tank, said dielectric portion having suspended therein conductive carbon or metallic particles in an amount sufficient tO allow current to flow from said sheath through the dielectric portion to ground on said tank, said head also including a nonconducting portion through which external leads are provided for connecting said heating element to a power source.
2. An electric immersion heater according to claim 1 wherein the heating element comprises an untinned copper sheath and said head contains a carbon or metallic conductor in an amount sufficient to eliminate said tinning without the necessity of an external resistor.
3. An electric immersion heater according to claim 1 wherein the carbon or metallic conductor is present in an amount sufficient to provide a resistance of 200-1,000 ohms between the sheath and ground.
4. An electric immersion heater according to claim 1 wherein said solid portion is a plastic resin.
5. An electric immersion heater according to claim 1 wherein said nonconducting portion comprises a plastic resin concentrically positioned with the dielectric portion.
US412839A 1973-11-05 1973-11-05 Immersion type heating element with a plastic head for a storage water heater tank Expired - Lifetime US3860787A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US412839A US3860787A (en) 1973-11-05 1973-11-05 Immersion type heating element with a plastic head for a storage water heater tank
CA209,568A CA1019026A (en) 1973-11-05 1974-09-19 Immersion type heating element with a plastic head for a storage water heater tank
AU74028/74A AU481364B2 (en) 1973-11-05 1974-10-04 Improved tubular metallic sheated electric immersion heating unit fora cathodically protected water heater container
GB4646174A GB1469445A (en) 1973-11-05 1974-10-28 Immersion type heating element for a water storage tank
ZA00746975A ZA746975B (en) 1973-11-05 1974-10-30 Immersion type heating element with a plastic head for a storage water heater tank
AR256378A AR203407A1 (en) 1973-11-05 1974-11-04 ELECTRIC IMMERSION HEATER
FR7436638A FR2250253B1 (en) 1973-11-05 1974-11-04
IT53689/74A IT1021850B (en) 1973-11-05 1974-12-19 IMPROVEMENT OF ELECTRICAL IMMERSION HEATING ELEMENTS IN PARTICULAR FOR WATER HEATER

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US412839A US3860787A (en) 1973-11-05 1973-11-05 Immersion type heating element with a plastic head for a storage water heater tank

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US3860787A true US3860787A (en) 1975-01-14

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US412839A Expired - Lifetime US3860787A (en) 1973-11-05 1973-11-05 Immersion type heating element with a plastic head for a storage water heater tank

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US (1) US3860787A (en)
AR (1) AR203407A1 (en)
CA (1) CA1019026A (en)
FR (1) FR2250253B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1469445A (en)
IT (1) IT1021850B (en)
ZA (1) ZA746975B (en)

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US4152578A (en) * 1977-10-03 1979-05-01 Emerson Electric Co. Electric heating elements
US4543469A (en) * 1982-04-26 1985-09-24 Emerson Electric Co. Grounding arrangement for metal sheathed heating element having a plastic mounting member
US4848616A (en) * 1987-02-05 1989-07-18 Rheem Manufacturing Company Electric immersion heating unit with readily removable and replaceable galvanic current control resistor
US5023928A (en) * 1989-08-30 1991-06-11 A. O. Smith Corporation Apparatus for reducing the current drain on the sacrificial anode in a water heater
US5109474A (en) * 1991-02-26 1992-04-28 Robertshaw Controls Company Immersion heating element with conductive polymeric fitting
US5159659A (en) * 1991-02-26 1992-10-27 Robertshaw Controls Company Hot water tank construction, electrically operated heating element construction therefor and methods of making the same
US5586214A (en) * 1994-12-29 1996-12-17 Energy Convertors, Inc. Immersion heating element with electric resistance heating material and polymeric layer disposed thereon
US5835679A (en) * 1994-12-29 1998-11-10 Energy Converters, Inc. Polymeric immersion heating element with skeletal support and optional heat transfer fins
US5930459A (en) * 1994-12-29 1999-07-27 Energy Converters, Inc. Immersion heating element with highly thermally conductive polymeric coating
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US6124579A (en) * 1997-10-06 2000-09-26 Watlow Electric Manufacturing Molded polymer composite heater
US6188051B1 (en) 1999-06-01 2001-02-13 Watlow Polymer Technologies Method of manufacturing a sheathed electrical heater assembly
US6233398B1 (en) 1994-12-29 2001-05-15 Watlow Polymer Technologies Heating element suitable for preconditioning print media
US6263158B1 (en) 1999-05-11 2001-07-17 Watlow Polymer Technologies Fibrous supported polymer encapsulated electrical component
US6289177B1 (en) 1998-06-29 2001-09-11 John W. Finger Encapsulated heating element fluid heater
US6392206B1 (en) 2000-04-07 2002-05-21 Waltow Polymer Technologies Modular heat exchanger
US6392208B1 (en) 1999-08-06 2002-05-21 Watlow Polymer Technologies Electrofusing of thermoplastic heating elements and elements made thereby
US6433317B1 (en) 2000-04-07 2002-08-13 Watlow Polymer Technologies Molded assembly with heating element captured therein
WO2002103255A1 (en) * 2001-06-18 2002-12-27 Merloni Termosanitari S.P.A. Perfected hot-water boiler
US6516142B2 (en) 2001-01-08 2003-02-04 Watlow Polymer Technologies Internal heating element for pipes and tubes
US6519835B1 (en) 2000-08-18 2003-02-18 Watlow Polymer Technologies Method of formable thermoplastic laminate heated element assembly
US6691841B2 (en) * 2001-07-10 2004-02-17 Kayaba Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Shock absorber with leveling function
US20050098684A1 (en) * 2003-03-14 2005-05-12 Watlow Polymer Technologies Polymer-encapsulated heating elements for controlling the temperature of an aircraft compartment
US20060210243A1 (en) * 2005-03-17 2006-09-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Information recording medium and apparatus for recording information to or reproducing information from the same
US20070081801A1 (en) * 2005-06-10 2007-04-12 Bleckmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Plastic boiler without flange
US7308193B2 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-12-11 Richard Halsall Non-metallic heating element for use in a fluid heater
US20150184887A1 (en) * 2013-12-26 2015-07-02 Save The World Air, Inc. Electrical interconnect and method
US9267209B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-02-23 A. O. Smith Corporation Sacrificial anode control
US9528722B1 (en) 2014-07-16 2016-12-27 Sioux Corporation Versatile encapsulated fluid heater configuration
US20220274289A1 (en) * 2021-01-11 2022-09-01 Shane Brammer Wet saw water heater and plug

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US4152578A (en) * 1977-10-03 1979-05-01 Emerson Electric Co. Electric heating elements
US4543469A (en) * 1982-04-26 1985-09-24 Emerson Electric Co. Grounding arrangement for metal sheathed heating element having a plastic mounting member
US4848616A (en) * 1987-02-05 1989-07-18 Rheem Manufacturing Company Electric immersion heating unit with readily removable and replaceable galvanic current control resistor
US5023928A (en) * 1989-08-30 1991-06-11 A. O. Smith Corporation Apparatus for reducing the current drain on the sacrificial anode in a water heater
US5159659A (en) * 1991-02-26 1992-10-27 Robertshaw Controls Company Hot water tank construction, electrically operated heating element construction therefor and methods of making the same
WO1992014974A1 (en) * 1991-02-26 1992-09-03 Robertshaw Controls Company Hot water tank construction, electrically operated heating element construction therefor and methods of making the same
US5109474A (en) * 1991-02-26 1992-04-28 Robertshaw Controls Company Immersion heating element with conductive polymeric fitting
US5586214A (en) * 1994-12-29 1996-12-17 Energy Convertors, Inc. Immersion heating element with electric resistance heating material and polymeric layer disposed thereon
US5835679A (en) * 1994-12-29 1998-11-10 Energy Converters, Inc. Polymeric immersion heating element with skeletal support and optional heat transfer fins
US5930459A (en) * 1994-12-29 1999-07-27 Energy Converters, Inc. Immersion heating element with highly thermally conductive polymeric coating
US6432344B1 (en) 1994-12-29 2002-08-13 Watlow Polymer Technology Method of making an improved polymeric immersion heating element with skeletal support and optional heat transfer fins
US6233398B1 (en) 1994-12-29 2001-05-15 Watlow Polymer Technologies Heating element suitable for preconditioning print media
US6124579A (en) * 1997-10-06 2000-09-26 Watlow Electric Manufacturing Molded polymer composite heater
WO1999045619A1 (en) * 1998-03-06 1999-09-10 Beele Engineering B.V. A bushing
WO1999045620A1 (en) * 1998-03-06 1999-09-10 Beele Engineering B.V. A bushing
US6359224B1 (en) 1998-03-06 2002-03-19 Beele Engineering B.V. Bushing
NL1008638C2 (en) * 1998-03-06 1999-09-07 Beele Eng Bv Transit device.
NL1008522C2 (en) * 1998-03-06 1999-09-07 Beele Eng Bv Transit device.
US6289177B1 (en) 1998-06-29 2001-09-11 John W. Finger Encapsulated heating element fluid heater
EP1020307A1 (en) * 1998-08-03 2000-07-19 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Damper with vehicle height adjusting function
EP1020307A4 (en) * 1998-08-03 2005-01-12 Honda Motor Co Ltd Damper with vehicle height adjusting function
US6434328B2 (en) 1999-05-11 2002-08-13 Watlow Polymer Technology Fibrous supported polymer encapsulated electrical component
US6263158B1 (en) 1999-05-11 2001-07-17 Watlow Polymer Technologies Fibrous supported polymer encapsulated electrical component
US6188051B1 (en) 1999-06-01 2001-02-13 Watlow Polymer Technologies Method of manufacturing a sheathed electrical heater assembly
US6392208B1 (en) 1999-08-06 2002-05-21 Watlow Polymer Technologies Electrofusing of thermoplastic heating elements and elements made thereby
US6392206B1 (en) 2000-04-07 2002-05-21 Waltow Polymer Technologies Modular heat exchanger
US6748646B2 (en) * 2000-04-07 2004-06-15 Watlow Polymer Technologies Method of manufacturing a molded heating element assembly
US6433317B1 (en) 2000-04-07 2002-08-13 Watlow Polymer Technologies Molded assembly with heating element captured therein
US6541744B2 (en) 2000-08-18 2003-04-01 Watlow Polymer Technologies Packaging having self-contained heater
US6519835B1 (en) 2000-08-18 2003-02-18 Watlow Polymer Technologies Method of formable thermoplastic laminate heated element assembly
US6539171B2 (en) 2001-01-08 2003-03-25 Watlow Polymer Technologies Flexible spirally shaped heating element
US6744978B2 (en) 2001-01-08 2004-06-01 Watlow Polymer Technologies Small diameter low watt density immersion heating element
US6516142B2 (en) 2001-01-08 2003-02-04 Watlow Polymer Technologies Internal heating element for pipes and tubes
WO2002103255A1 (en) * 2001-06-18 2002-12-27 Merloni Termosanitari S.P.A. Perfected hot-water boiler
US6691841B2 (en) * 2001-07-10 2004-02-17 Kayaba Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Shock absorber with leveling function
US20050098684A1 (en) * 2003-03-14 2005-05-12 Watlow Polymer Technologies Polymer-encapsulated heating elements for controlling the temperature of an aircraft compartment
US20060210243A1 (en) * 2005-03-17 2006-09-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Information recording medium and apparatus for recording information to or reproducing information from the same
US20070081801A1 (en) * 2005-06-10 2007-04-12 Bleckmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Plastic boiler without flange
US7503288B2 (en) * 2005-06-10 2009-03-17 Hendler Rene Plastic boiler without flange
US7308193B2 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-12-11 Richard Halsall Non-metallic heating element for use in a fluid heater
US9267209B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-02-23 A. O. Smith Corporation Sacrificial anode control
US20150184887A1 (en) * 2013-12-26 2015-07-02 Save The World Air, Inc. Electrical interconnect and method
US9528722B1 (en) 2014-07-16 2016-12-27 Sioux Corporation Versatile encapsulated fluid heater configuration
US20220274289A1 (en) * 2021-01-11 2022-09-01 Shane Brammer Wet saw water heater and plug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2250253B1 (en) 1978-06-16
CA1019026A (en) 1977-10-11
AR203407A1 (en) 1975-09-08
IT1021850B (en) 1978-02-20
FR2250253A1 (en) 1975-05-30
GB1469445A (en) 1977-04-06
ZA746975B (en) 1975-11-26
AU7402874A (en) 1976-04-08

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